WETLAND VEGETATION Ruth M. Ladd, P.W.S. Policy Analysis and Technical Support Branch U.S. Army Corps...
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Transcript of WETLAND VEGETATION Ruth M. Ladd, P.W.S. Policy Analysis and Technical Support Branch U.S. Army Corps...
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WETLAND VEGETATION
Ruth M. Ladd, P.W.S.Policy Analysis and Technical Support Branch
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers New England District
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Many types of wetlands
• Swamp (has trees and/or shrubs)
• Marsh (salt and fresh)
• Bog
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Forested swamp
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Shrub swamp
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Marsh
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Wet meadow
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Coastal Wetlands: Land Under the Ocean
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Coastal Beach
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Coastal Dunes
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Role in identifying wetlands
• Three parameters of wetlands: hydrology, vegetation, and soils.
• Hydrology is critical but highly variable.
• Wetland soils, once developed, are fairly permanent
• Vegetation provides “clue” of presence or absence or changes in hydrology
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UPL, FACU, FAC, FACW, OBL?
• Species vary in their likelihood to be present in or absent from wetlands
• US Fish and Wildlife Service’s “National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands” lists likelihood of presence in wetlands
• Morphological adaptations to wet conditions
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Adventitious roots
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Shallow root systems
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Inflated stems and leaves
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Use of vegetation in delineations
• Wetland species dominate the wetland
• Use of plots (upland and wetland)
• Observations of adaptations
• Problem situations
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Problem situations
• Vegetation changes:– cut– removed– altered
• Look at other parameters
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Conclusion
• Vegetation is one of the clues to the presence or absence of wetlands
• Be careful about relying on vegetation exclusively!
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