Well, It’s Wednesday, Sept. 23

• PALBEG– FIRES

• Fact• Incidents• Reasons• Examples/Evidence• Statistics

– Fallacies– Bias: Team Name Articles– Your article

• Noun Clauses• Homework: complete PALBEG form for your article

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=omnOhzOyAIo

Logical Fallacies

• Logic = something that makes sense

• Fallacy = an argument that sounds true but isn’t necessarily the truth Strategies and techniques used to persuade readers and viewers.

•Also know as: “faulty logic of reasoning”

The Bandwagon

• “Everyone’s doing it!”

• Example: Everyone wears “tommy” perfume, you should too!

Broad Generalization

• Making a general statement with too little evidence.

• Example: All teenagers spend too much time watching TV.

Oversimplification

• Making a complex issue seem really simple.

• Example: To be successful in life, you simply need a nice smile.

Testimonial/Transfer-Association

• Using the opinion of someone who is not an expert or showing a famous person who “uses” the product.

• Example: Eva Longoria for beauty products.

http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-5496957000044872557#

Appeal to Emotion

• Playing on emotions to convince .

• Common emotions:

fear, pity, ignorance,

etc.

• Example: Without your help, this child will go hungry.

Circular Thinking

• Proving your point by saying it again.

• Example: Students should have a shorter school day so that they don’t have to be in school for as long.

Either Or Thinking

• Showing only two choices: this or that.

• Example: America--Love it or leave it.

Name-Calling

• Labels or names given to viewers, listeners, and/or readers.

• Example: Any idiot can see that using this calling plan will save you money.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H02iwWCrXew

Card-Stacking

• Stacking your points to persuade viewers, listeners, and/or readers without offering the other side.

• Example: No money down, no interest, and no payments until Aug, 2007!

Plain Folks

• Writing, speaking, or advertising geared towards the “average Joe,” everyday person.

• Example: Everyday people like you use our toothpaste.

False Cause and Effect

• Assuming that because one event happens after another, the first event caused the second event.

• Example: “I never had allergies problems after I switched to hardwood floors.”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EY4Dp-WZwr8

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rb_5Ce30ti4

Noun Clauses take the place of a noun or pronoun within an

independent clause.

• To be subordinate, it is introduced by one of the relative pronouns:

• who/whoever, whom/whomever, whose, which/whichever, that

Or

• When, where, why, how, whether

Examples of Noun Clauses

I believe that we’ve met before. (direct object)

His preposterous delusion is that we’ve met before. (complement: predicate noun)

That we have met before is an impossibility. (subject)

More Noun Clauses

I bet you say that to whoever catches your eye across a crowded room. (object of a preposition)

I don’t make a habit of giving whoever claims previous friendship my phone number. (indirect object)

Types of Sentences• Simple: The lithium worked.• Compound: The lithium worked and the mania

subsided.– Two or more independent clauses joined by

coordinating conjunctions or semi/colons

• Complex: As the lithium took effect, the mania subsided.– One independent clause and one or more dependent

clauses

• Compound-complex: As the lithium took effect, the mania subsided and the depression lifted.– A compound sentence with one or more dependent

clauses

Find the dependent clauses!

Police in Minneapolis arrested a 22-year-old man at an airport hotel after he tried to pass two counterfeit $16 bills.

Cats have over 100 vocal sounds, while dogs only have about ten.

If she were life-sized, Barbie’s measurements would be 39-23-33.

In order to avoid an attack by a vampire, you should eat as much garlic as possible, keep a crucifix close by, and avoid cemeteries.

Ice cream will actually make you warmer rather than colder because it contains so many calories.

Even more clause labeling!

A man in South Africa shot his friend in the face , seriously wounding him, while the two practiced shooting cans off each other’s head.

A Los Angeles man who later said he was “tired of walking” stole a steamroller and led police on a 5-mph chase until an officer stepped aboard the steamroller and brought the vehicle to a stop.

The writer Oscar Wilde made this statement about Niagara Falls: “Every American bride is taken there, and the sight must be one of the earliest, if not the keenest, disappointments of married life.”