Well Completion Exam 1 Study Guide

8/18/2019 Well Completion Exam 1 Study Guide

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Well Completion Exam 1 Study Guide

PETE 489Well Completion

Exam Date: 3/23/201

!y:


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C"apte# 1

1 $e%ie& o' Co(t

*Exponential Curve


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2 S)"emati)( o' a Complete Well

3 Detail( o' Tu*in+ , Well -ead

Well Head: is the component at the surface of an oil or gas well that provides thestructural and pressure-containing interface for the drilling and production equipment.

Well Head Purpose:

Christmas ree: !ssem"l# of valves$ spools$ and fittings to control flow and gas out ofthe well.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_wellhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_well


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Well"ead Component(:

Casing Head % !lwa#s connected to surface casing string. &upports wellhead andcompletion equipment.


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Casing &pool: &imilar to casing head "ut has a top head used to suspend strings ofcasing.

Casing Hangers: !llows the weight or tension load of a casing string to "e transferred toa casing head or spool. 'We focus mainl# on slip on hangers(


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u"ing Head &pools: he top spool of the wellhead$ installed after last casing string. )t isused to support the tu"ing hanger or pac off. he Christmas tree is installed on top ofthe tu"ing head using a tu"ing head adapter.

u"ing head adaptor: ransitions the wellhead with the Christmas tree. +ottom matchesthe tu"ing head$ the top matches the tree.

C"#i(tma( T#ee Component(:

,ate alves: Either full# opened or closed$ not used to control flow or throttling. suall#placed in casing head$ casing spool$ tu"ing spool$ or in the tree.

- !nnulus ,ate valves installed in lower wing of the wellhead is called annulus valve.sed to ill the well$ in/ect fluids$

-Christmas tree valve are installed in the upper valve$ used in con/unction with the "op.


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Cho es: sed to regulate flow of gas and oil$ located in the trees.

ree Caps: 0ound at the ver# top of the tree. sed as a fitting.


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4 .pen -ole Completion

Pe#'o#ated Ca(in+ and ine# Completion1ifferent 2eservoir Conditions:


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We want to avoid water coning$ we drill hori3ontal.

Topi)( 8 a#e in note( t"ey u(t dia+#am(

Di''e#ential Se)tion


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C"apte# 2

4"/ective: !ddress the do and don5ts of drilling fluids and specifications.

opics:

1 De'inition(

&olute: Chemicals that dissolve in a solvent&olvent: 6edium that can dissolve a solute&olution: Com"ination of &olute 7 &olvent6ole: nit of chemicals with nown molecular weight

alence: 8um"er of electrons involved in chemical "ond formation$ or a reference as an

ionic num"er as oxidation num"er$ li e Ca97 $ valence ; 6olarit#: 6oles of solute per liter of solution$ 6 ; moles of compound < liters of solution8ormalit#: Chemical equivalent weight of solute per liter of solution6olalit#: 8um"er of moles of a chemical compound per g of g of solventWeight Percent: 4ne gram of solute in one million grams of total solution

2 C"a#a)te#i(ti)( o' )ompletion 'luid

=iquid Phase$ &olid phase'filter ca e($ iscosit#$ Ph Control$ 0low Control

> 0unctions: Pressure Control$ 1isplacement of plugs$ ill fluid$ acidi3ing$ pac er fluids$well "ore cleaning$ &afet#


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3 .pe#ational (pe)t( : ?( Pumping ( 6ixing @( 0luid Compati"ilit# A( CorrosionControl B( effects of temperature or Weight ( &ome components of 0luid >( Clear+rines

Pumping: !nnular elocit# ;

6ixing: !nnulus$ tu"ular capacities$ storage$ mixers$ vortex mixers$ prevention of Dfishe#es $ rate of addition of viscosifiers$ supported economics of mixing

0luid Compati"ilit#: ,as control$ well tu"ular$ wor string cleanliness$ pic ing radioactiveshale clean out$ selection of proper and compati"le regarding friction and pressuredepth

Corrosion control: Ha#atavoudi method of corrosion control0our Cla#s: FC=-8!C=-8a+r to reduce swelling

Cla# ?- &mectite- &welling

Cla# - )llite % !ctivated "# PH

Cla# @- Chlorite % )ron in them

Cla# A % Faolinite % moves

Do not allo& 5e.-3 o# t"en you +et mud in t"e 'o#mation 6)#eate( (lud+e7

4 Component( o' 5luid : 1on5t use 0reshwater$ #ou must ma e the free watercompati"le with roc s and pore material ' (e nonioni)7

iscosifier: Gantham ,um$ no guar gum unless found clean and non plugging

iscosit# +rea ers: En3#mes$ acids$ acidi3ers. 'acetic acid( * 1o not cause precipitationof insolu"le

!#id+in+ mate#ial( , !#ine ; &alt 'granular( Calcium Car"onateWeight: !cid &olu"les 0eCo@ &iderite


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+ridge &i3e 1istri"ution

!cid &olu"le Weighing 6aterial


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2oc 0luid esting * B &teps

- hin &ection : Pore geometr#$ pore si3e distri"ution$ grain si3e distri"ution$estimation of porosit#$ grain shape sorting classification '&phericit#$ &ortingcoefficient$ etc($ 1#e reaction with minerals 'car"onates- red color e.g.(

- se: 'Pre G21 'xra# diffraction( !nal#sis$ Pore ,rain count$ cementing ofgrains$ gravel pac or not$ pore throat si3e$ pore t#pe 'vugs$ secondar#$primar#$ fissures$ molds(

- hen use &E6 '&canning electron miscroscop#($ Pore lining$ Pore throatlining$ !uthentic minerals or not$ throat "ridging or noI$-J &cale precipitateanal#sis of a given location$ map distru"tion of elements within a cluster ofminerals$ genesis of reactions$ precipitates at a given location

- se edx 'energ# dispersive xra#( to find element quantitative anal#sis interms of "ul or individual components$ 'cla# fraction and specification ofeach t#pe($ se ha#atavoudi h#dration index$

- G20 'Gra# fluorescence($ used to find oxides and writing the chemicalmaterial "alance< reaction equations

0luid: $ead SPE 2 3


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6ass +alance heor#: 6ixing of two or more fluids$ use mass "alance

Ex:


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se h#drometer to measure specific gravit#. hen &pecific gravit# * K.@AB; densit# offluid. 'K.@AB is the densit# of h o(


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iscosit# of "rines without gelling agents 'viscosifiers(:iscosit# changes with densit# of fluid and temperature

6arch funnel used and referred as )&

0luid &election:


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Well Completion Exam 1 Study Guide

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