WeldED Ver 10 - welding.org.au
Transcript of WeldED Ver 10 - welding.org.au
Vol 10 2012 WeldED
Sponsors Shindaiwa http://www.shindaiwa.com.au/
South Pacific Welding Group http://www.spwgroup.com.au/home.asp
Smenco http://www.smenco.com.au
Thermadyne - Cigweld www.thermadyne.com.au
SafeTac http://www.safetac.com.au
Bureau Veritas http://www.bureauveritas.com.au
Southern Cross Industrial
Supplies http://www.scis.com.au
Technoweld http://www.technoweld.com.au
Hardface Technologys http://www.hardface.com.au
3834 Weld Management [email protected]
Cover Page STT welding in action
AWI operates this service for members. Information and comments in AWI publications are the opinions of specific individuals and companies, and may not reflect the position of AWI or its Directors. Information on procedures and processes herein, as well as any advice given, are not sanctioned by AWI, and AWI makes no representation or warranty as to their validity, nor is AWI liable for any injury or harm arising from such entries or from reliance on any entries. Participants should independently verify the validity of information prior to placing any reliance thereon.
Index STT Welding AS/NZS ISO 3834 Guidance Paint Marking Pens Company Bio – Pipe Welding Australia Hi-tech Hand Held Weld Inspection System Progress Update Weld Inspection Kit
Page 3 7 8 9
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STT Welding 3
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Pipe welding in the field or workshop requires high quality root pass welding to ensure soundness of the joints. The welds have to be of high quality for strength (pressurised applications) and have a joint soundness to ensure that contained materials (liquids, gases etc) will not leak. For these two purposes alone, a weld must penetrate completely through the pipe and generally have a high quality root.
Today pipe welding is generally completed by one of three methods, each with its advantages and disadvantages:
Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW)
Travel speeds are slow Heat input is usually high High operator skill levels are required
Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)
Equipment is simple and cost effective A slow process Frequent starts and stops can be a
potential problem.
Gas metal arc welding (GMAW)
The fastest of the three methods High operator skill levels required Heat inputs difficult to control Because of the two disadvantages above,
then root fusion may not always be 100 per cent.
The Surface Tension Transfer® (STT®) process makes it possible to complete open root welds three or four times faster than GTAW, with low heat input and no lack of fusion. The STT process uses high frequency inverter technology with advanced waveform control to produce high quality welds.
Lincoln has developed many Waveform Control Technology™ Innovations:
1992 – Surface Tension Transfer® 1994 – Advanced Pulse including Wave
Control® 1997 – Soft and Crisp Pulse 1999 – Pulse‐on‐Pulse® 1999 – Power Mode® 2004 – RapidArc® 2004 – Heat Wave® 2005 – Vertical Up Pulse 2011 – Precision Pulse™ 2011 – Rapid X™
The latest is the STT welding process. This development is another from Lincoln Electric using Waveform Control Technology™ which controls current precisely and rapidly during the entire welding cycle. It is unique in that it is neither constant current (CC) nor constant voltage (CV). Instead, the power source adjusts current automatically to the instantaneous heat requirements of the arc.
Fig 1 – The STT process depicted
Fig 2 – The STT process step 1
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Fig 3 – Initial shorting
Fig 4 – The pinch current
Fig 5 – Peak Current
Fig 6 – Current reduction
For pipe welding, the STT process also makes it easier to perform open gap root pass welding, with better back beads and edge fusion.
Fig 5 – Macro of pipe root pass
It is easier to operate than other processes, yet produces consistent, X‐ray quality welds and because current control is independent of wire feed speed, the process allows greater flexibility under all conditions.
Controlling spatter and smoke
Spatter and smoke are reduced, whether the shielding gas is 100 per cent CO2 or blends of argon and CO2 or helium mixtures for stainless steel.
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Reducing spatter minimizes final weld surface preparation and allows the operator more welding time before a gun nozzle must be cleaned or replaced.
Reduced spatter also translates into significant cost savings because more of the electrode is applied to the weld joint, not as spatter on the pipe and surrounding fixtures. Further cost savings are realised because larger diameter wire can be used.
At the start of the cycle, when the electrode shorts, the current is reduced immediately, eliminating the incipient short.
This low‐level current is maintained for a short time so that the surface tension forces can begin transferring the drop to the puddle, forming a solid mechanical bridge.
A high level of pinch current is then applied to accelerate the transfer of the drop. The necking down or squeezing of the shorted electrode is monitored.
When a specific value is reached, the pinch current is reduced quickly to a low value before the fuse separates.
When a short breaks, it does so at a low current, which produces very little, spatter.
Next, the arc is re‐established, and a high current known as peak current is applied. This momentary pulse establishes the arc length and causes the arc to broaden and melt a wide surface area, which eliminates cold lapping and promotes good fusion.
The constant voltage GMAW process normally used for pipe welding does not control the current directly. Instead it controls the average voltage.
This can cause the weld puddle temperature or fluidity to be too high, and the internal bead may be flat or shrink back into the root.
Also, when using conventional short arc GMAW, the operator must concentrate the arc on the lip or leading edge of the puddle to ensure proper penetration and fusion. If the arc is too far behind the puddle, penetration will be incomplete. If the arc is too far ahead, the electrode shoots through the gap and causes whiskers to form inside the pipe.
Fig 7 – The STT process in picture
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Because Surface Tension Transfer controls welding current independently of wire feed speed, the process is easy to control the temperature or fluidity of the puddle to ensure proper penetration and fusion.
This is ideal for open root pipe welding applications. In the 5G position, the operator simply stays in the puddle.
Experienced pipe welders find this process a welcome improvement, for both welding ease and comfort. They particularly appreciate
spatter reduction when welding in the 6 o'clock position.
STT has gained much acceptance internationally in pipe welding and similar applications that require precise control of heat input, as well as smoke and spatter reduction. Since the heat is controlled directly, the internal back bead profile is also controlled. Welders find that not only are open‐root welds easier but their mechanical and metallurgical properties are excellent.
Moreover, open root welds are made without ceramic or copper internal backup. In the case of copper, corrosion is eliminated by avoiding copper inclusions.
The process is effective for welding mild‐ and high‐strength steels, as well as stainless steel and related alloys.
On steel, it offers the advantages of low hydrogen and 100‐percent CO2 shielding with low spatter.
When welding duplex stainless, critical pitting temperature is significantly better with STT than with GTAW, and travel speeds three or four
times that of GTAW can be obtained, with much less skill.
Lincoln Electric’s STT process stands up to the rigorous requirements demanded by the pipeline industry and is worth exploring, especially in today’s environment where pipeline construction is exploding around the globe.
STT‐ New & Existing Generation
Power Wave® S350 & STT Module
Power Wave® 455M/STT
AS/NZS ISO 3834 Guidance 7
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Compliance to AS/NZS ISO 3834 AWI™ Guidance for Fabricators Certification Certification for AS/NZS ISO 3834 Quality Requirements for Fusion Welding is not required. As a standard, AS/NZS ISO 3834 simply lays down requirements for compliance. It is not a mandatory standard to be enforced by law. A fabricator wishing to comply with 3834, can simply consider the relevant sections of the standards and satisfy themselves of their compliance, which they can then declare to potential customers. As part of this declaration, they are required to detail the documents used and the controls implemented.
Developing a competitive edge Compliance with 3834 provides a global recognition of a fabricator’s capability, can reduce costs associated with rework, wastage etc. and can enhance a company’s ability to sell its products in both domestic and international markets. Improved client confidence AS/NZS ISO 3834 contains three levels of quality requirements and the appropriate level for your
company will depend on the degree of complexity of the company’s welding operations.
In an endeavour to increase your company’s capability in the welding quality market, AWI™ can assist in 3834 compliance after completion of our application document by: 1. Review of the application documentation. 2. AWI will conduct an assessment of your
company’s current quality system, procedures etc. 3. Determining which level
of welding quality is appropriate for your company and which is in the most practical for your company to achieve and maintain.
The outcome of the AWI™ assessment will determine if your company’s system is in need of additional controls and procedures or is already successful in compliance to the relevant section/s of 3834.
We can assist in building a 3834 document structure and develop the required controls and procedures or fill in any gaps to your existing quality structure.
Successful applicants will be issued with a “Certificate of Compliance” indicating which level of compliance has been achieved. Certification can be addressed at a later stage if the company decides it wants to address this option.
Paint Marking Pens 8
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Quality Industrial Marking Products
Are you tired of paying too much for paint markers or buying them from the large corporations with no service? Well www.paintpens.com.au is the answer. We are an Australian small business where service is paramount.
The paint markers distributed by us are manufactured in the USA, are of high quality and have features like no other comparable industrial grade paint markers. The paint formulas are industrial grade, fast drying,
manufactured for tough environments, and are ideal for a marking a wide range of surfaces including metals, glass, rubber and plastic, either permanently or with a removable mark. The fibre tip markers have an ergonomic rubber grip. Most markers have a durable pocket clip.
Variety of choice to suit your application
A key difference is the variety of both marker tips and paint formulas available. Markers come in conventional Fibre Tip (which can be reversed for twice the life!) and highly durable Metal Tip.
A roller ball marker is also available. Permanent and Removable, Oil Based and Water Based formulas are available.
Specialty markers include a High Temperature marker, capable of withstanding up to 1100 degrees Celsius, UV markers only able to be seen under UV
black light, and a marker developed specifically for steel to be galvanized—the ‘Metal Pro’ marker. The ‘Metal Pro’ marker formula will dissolve completely during the galvanizing process and therefore won’t leave a ghosting mark!
We are looking for companies who can assist with trialing this marker in Australia!!
Online shop
We have an online shop, which is the easiest way to buy our paint marking products. A wide variety of colours are available as well as Jumbo Markers and Ink Markers.
Special Offer to AWI Members
For February and March there is a special offer to AWI members. Email your order through to [email protected] and quote your AWI Membership No. Payment terms are payment prior to shipping and GST is included on the offers below.
OFFER 1 – White Fibre Tip Oil Based Paint Marker (normally $72.60/box 12)
12 markers for ONLY $60
36 markers for ONLY $144 – only $4 per marker!!
OFFER 2 – White Fibre Tip Water Based Paint Marker (normally $72.60/box 12)
36 markers for ONLY $135 – only $3.75 per marker!!
1 case (144 markers) ONLY $499
OFFER 3 ‐ White Fibre Tip ‘Metal Pro’ Paint Marker (normally $84.70/box 12)
12 markers ONLY $60 (incl. GST)
36 markers ONLY $144 – only $4 per marker!!
Company Bio 9
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Pipe Weld Australia
Pipe Weld Australia are a pipe fabrication and installation company located in Adelaide, South Australia.
We pride ourselves on our professionalism and ethical behaviour, our quality of workmanship and innovative work practices which has led to engineering and trade excellence delivering to our clients cost effective solutions.
Our experienced and highly specialised staff deliver quality services both locally and nationally to the mechanical services, mining, commercial and industrial piping industries.
Some of the many clients we have completed projects for include:
Hastie Group, Leighton’s Gordon Brothers Tri‐tech Refrigeration (VIC) Chevron, SA water Mogas Environmental Clark Energy Frigrite (SA)
With over 40 years in the pipe fabrication and welding industry; PWA provides a complete piping solution, from qualifying weld procedures to complete, welder qualification all within a quality control and a quality assurance framework.
All of our welders are AS1796 certified assuring all projects are completed to the highest standard, every‐time.
PWA's well‐equipped workshop is designed to fabricate pipe spooling to our clients requirements. We also offer the flexibility of onsite welding and installation service nationwide.
Projects completed.
Christie’s beach upgrade
Fig 1 – Picture of PWA welder
This project involved the supply, fabrication and installation of 316 stainless steel and carbon steel pipe work for Leighton’s Contractors.
The project was performed to SA Water specifications with a requirement for 10% Radiography and Dye‐penetrant testing. Over 250 welds were completed in pipe sizes of 40 to 300mm diameter with 100% compliance and no repairs. For this project, Pipe Weld Australia supplied a full MDR including ITP, welder qualifications, full weld traceability (weld maps) and material traceability.
Desalination plant for Gorgon Barrow Island Gas plant (Chevron)
Fig 2 – Photograph of desalination unit
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Fig 3 – Photograph of desalination unit
This project involved fabricating two off skid mounted desalination plants units to Chevron’s exacting specifications
Each unit had upwards of 3500 welds on pipes ranging from 15 to 100mm nominal bore in wall thicknesses ranging from schedule 10 to 40.
All the pipework was 316 stainless steel and the NDE requirements for on this project was:
20% Radiography and 5% Dye‐penetrant testing.
Testing was required to cover welds completed by all of the seven welders used during the fabrication. PWA completed this requirement with 100% compliance and no repair and in the process completed full weld mapping and material traceability; which was a requirement of the project
PWA have also successfully completed heat exchanger skids for Clarke Energy
Fig 4 – Photograph Heat exchanger skid
PWA provides a specialised pipe welding service for workshop and site work.
We have a great team of certified Welders, Boiler Makers, Pipe Fitters and Trade Assistants.
PWA has experience in fabricating with:
Stainless and Carbon Steels Aluminium Copper and copper Brazing
So if you need someone for an hour, day or even longer we can accommodate your needs at competitive prices.
Pipe Weld Australia Pty Ltd ABN 94 127 516 606 8/55 Kapara Road, Gilman SA 5013 Phone: 08 8241 2525 Fax: 08 8241 2525 Email: [email protected] Web: www.pipeweldaust.com.au
Welding Inspection System 11
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Servo‐Robot Hand Held Welding Inspection System
The WiKi‐SCAN wireless handheld inspection system is designed to be used in the field to improve the reliability and speed of inspections in manufacturing industries.
What Does WiKi‐Scan Do?
The WiKi‐SCAN wireless handheld inspection system is designed to be used in the field as an all‐in‐one point and shoot wireless device.
It is non‐contact, portable and compact and will just about replace every other tool and gadget that the welding inspector has in his armoury.
Checks un welded joint for conformance to Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS)
Checks welds (in process and finished) for conformance to applicable Weld Quality Standard
Measures over welding Provides a permanent record (photo, file, report &
database) of all results Measures general features (hole, scratch, nut,
etc.)
Features
Very user friendly thanks to its integrated video alignment functions – Just Point, Shoot and Inspect
Automatically determines when to take the measurement so no special skills are required
Compares the measurements against set
tolerance limits Illuminates the weld area for easier inspection A zoom function allows observation and
measurement of porosity, cracks and spatter Features such as toe radius, toe angle and small
undercut can be accurately measured Can take a picture of the joint and/or weld for
future reference and documentation Permanent record of each weld inspection is
available Attaches voice and written comments to the
inspection record Exports results to a spreadsheet for additional
analysis Stores up to 16GB of inspection results
Benefits
Any weld inspector can become proficient with the WiKi‐SCAN within minutes
Easy to use thanks to its integrated video camera and can inspect any weld the operators hand can reach
Fatigue critical features like toe radius, toe angle and undercut can be quickly and accurately measured
Over welding can be quantified so excessive consumable and power usage can be reduced thus saving money
Real‐time viewing for rapid evaluation of inspection results
The weld inspection record including Go/No‐Go status, detailed results and pictures can be sent via email anywhere in the world
Joint Inspection
The scanner can measure joint preparation and fit‐up providing information before welding occurs. Why start welding if the joint is not within tolerance?
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Weld Inspection
Measures the weld bead and compares to set tolerance limits
Provides an electronic record of all results (images, comments, measurement data and 3D scans)
Recording Formats
SERVO‐ROBOT Inc. (Headquarters) 1370 Hocquart, St‐Bruno Quebec, CANADA , J3V 6E1 Tel.: +1‐450‐653‐7868 Fax: +1‐450‐653‐7869
Sales and marketing: [email protected] Technical service: [email protected]
Progress Update 13
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Progress of the AWITM
Chairman’s address
On behalf of the working Directors of the AWI, I take this opportunity to extend to all our Sponsors and members a happy and prosperous 2012. We have had a very interesting year during 2011 and take much pride in our success and the development of the AWI™.
We thank you all for your support and input and we looking forward to greater working relationships and success for the New Year.
We will be unveiling new strategies, activities and expansion throughout the coming months.
There are also some exciting developments being negotiated at this time. These will be relayed in due course through a series of “News Flashes” and be further detailed in WeldEd, the AWI’s “E‐Magazine”.
The Directors of AWI™ encourage you to promote our Institute and bring in more members and sponsors. We would also ask that you support our existing sponsors by using their products and services.
AS/NZ ISO 3834 Update
The AWI™ receives regular inquiries for information on the AS/NZS ISO 3834 “Welding Fabricators Certification Scheme”. There appears to still be some confusion in industry and we welcome the opportunity to assist in clarifying the essential elements of this Scheme ‐ See our article on page 7.
The AWI™ would like to highlight to all Australian fabrication companies that there is no requirement for full Certification to AS/NZS ISO3834.
A quality weld management system can meet compliance to this standard by displaying that a business is in control of the important elements in their welding activities.
We offer supporting information to assist any business endeavouring to achieve compliance and lift their company’s profile and reassure your client base of a will to establish traceability in the important company welding activities.
Together, with assistance from the AWI™, your company can forge a simple, cost effective quality system which will help reduce rework costs, give your company a competitive edge by improving client confidence; which in turn makes your company more ‘saleable’ in the project tendering phase.
Certification to AS 1796
A key responsibility of the Australian Welding Institute is to provide a credible, transparent and user friendly welding qualification system for its members. To do this the AWI™ earlier established an Educational and Certification Working Group (E&C) to meet the following primary objectives:
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To undertake, arrange and promote education, training, qualification and certification for the benefit of members of the Institute and the welding industry as a whole
To work closely with Australian TAFE bodies, Registered Training Organisations (RTO’s) related government agencies and departments to enhance National training agendas.
To further emphasise on the AWI’s determination to focus on National outcomes, it has been successful in facilitating certification arrangement between Victoria and New South Wales,
The AWI™ is close to being able to offer its members and member company staff certification to AS 1796. The E&C committee have been involved in a
comprehensive process with state TAFE’s and RTO’s and these effort are beginning to bear fruit, with a National certification program due to be launched early this year.
The AWI™ is also in a position to offer welding training for company management, team leaders and supervisors which can be tailored to suit a company’s specific needs.
Just contact
[email protected] for further details
Inspection Equipment Inspection Kits
Managing
quality of welds requires quality
inspection equipment.
Technoweld supplies the finest quality inspection equipment, whether its inspection kits or individual gauges we have popular gauges in stock.
Technoweld committed to providing competitively priced professional quality products. For more Information: Technoweld Pty. Ltd.
E: [email protected] M: 0409 698 968
W: www.technoweld.com.au