Welcome to the Textile Factory

Find a seat. If no seats are available, please stand by counter.

No talking, laughing or horseplay during production.

You will receive 10 points for working hard and following the guidelines.

Employees who produce the largest quantity of high-quality garments will receive 5 bonus points.

Look at projection and draw ONLY your assigned part of the shirt using the crayon provided.

Technological AdvancementsNew inventions (upgrade to pens) (3 minutes)

Start Factory Sounds. Company Merger – now the fastest, best quality line will earn 10 bonus points. (3 minutes)

Move to the city, space more cramped – push desks together. (3 minutes)

Workers who slow down get replaced by immigrants.

Shut off lights.Toss drawings that don’t meet

standards.

WAR: Activity Debriefing

Answer the following questions in a paragraph in your WAR for Topic 27:

Did you enjoy the activity?What did you like or dislike about it?What feelings did you experience?

The North: Revolutions

Topic # 27Chapter 12

The Industrial Revolution Begins

Starts in Great Britain in mid-1700s.

Begins with textiles first by using Arkwright’s water frame to spin thread.

Then the spinning jenny weaves threads together.

Factories that used this needed water power, so were based along rivers and streams.

Sneaky Samuel Slater In the 1790’s he

immigrated to the USA and shared his knowledge with American textile entrepreneurs.

Opened the Pawtucket, Rhode Island Mill in 1793.

Over the next 40 years, mills were built all over the Northeastern United States.

Southern investors still focused on agriculture.

Potential War leads to Creativity

In 1798, Eli Whitney developed the idea of interchangeable parts.

(he later invents the cotton gin, details in next topic.)

The government was excited to mass produce guns in case of a war with France.

Slow to Grow in USA It was a slow revolution in

the US because:◦ There was lots of land to

farm.◦ People didn’t want to live in

cities.◦ Few people had money to

invest.◦ Britain produced goods

cheaper, so American businesses couldn’t compete.

USA mainly produced cotton goods, flour, weapons and iron.

Eventually, steam power means that factories can be built anywhere, not just along rivers.

How the War of 1812 Helped Us

Sparked growth of all parts of American factories because we COULDN’T purchase items from Britain.

Even old T.J. believed that it was important for the USA to not rely on other countries for products.

After the War, industry starts really booming!

Families in the FactoryRhode Island SystemFamilies hired for one

set wage – more labor for the $$.

Everyone was okay with this because on farms all family members helped.

Housing and entire towns often built around the mill to make it appealing to families.

Store credit and payment plans develop at company stores.

The Lowell System

Starts in Waltham, Massachusetts, 1814.

Focused on young single girls and women, known as Lowell Girls.

They lived in boarding houses (apartments) under strict rules.

Encouraged to take classes and participate in clubs in the factory town.

Workers Organize Immigration led to

more competition for jobs.

Trade unions form and try strikes to improve pay and work conditions.

Sarah G. Bagley was a major reform organizer for the Lowell system.

Many unions fought and won 10-hour workdays by 1850.

Short Recap Video on the Industrial Revolution.

The Transportation Revolution

By the late 1830s we have two major machines in widespread use:◦ Steam boat◦ Steam-powered locom

otive (train)Makes transporting

the goods made in the factories very easy!

Also made it easy to transport food to far-off cities, allowing cities to grow quicker.

SteamboatsRobert Fulton tests the

Clermont steamboat along the Hudson River in 1807, sparking their use.

Used along many rivers, reduced cost of transporting goods to 1/10 of what it was.

Gibbons v. Ogden court case stopped states or people from controlling waterways, making them free for everyone to use.

Railroads EmergeIn 1830, Peter Cooper

showcased his locomotive Tom Thumb by racing it against a horse-drawn rail car.

He lost the race, but proved the strength and speed of a steam locomotive.

By 1860, there are over 30,000 miles of rails in the USA, concentrated in the Northeast.

American DestinyBy 1840, America had

more train tracks than all of Europe.

BUT – we had to work them around mountains and rivers – making us more innovative and creative than the British.

People loved the new experience of railway travel!

Everything Changes and GrowsShift from burning wood

to burning coal, because it is much cheaper.

Coal-mining industries begin, with towns developing around the mines, like the factory towns.

Steel production increased building, machines and transportation.

Increased need for timber and paper goods for houses, furniture and newspapers.

The TelegraphDeveloped in 1832 by

Samuel Morse.Not used for several

years.Proved useful at the

Democratic National Convention of 1844, when the candidate’s name was sent from Baltimore to Washington, D.C.

Grew with the Railroad (need to communicate with stations for times and schedules)

Life on the Farm is now Grand

John Deere created a steel plow, making planting crops much easier.

Cyrus McCormick creates a mechanical reaper, making harvesting much easier – and he creates a model of advertising, demonstration, repair and credit that changes business in America.

Household life is pretty good too!Elias Howe invents a

personal sewing machine, and Isaac Singer perfects and markets it.◦ By 1860, Singer Sewing

Machines are the most prominent in the WORLD!

Iceboxes kept food fresher longer.

Iron cookstoves made it easier to prepare a variety of foods.

Other inventions include household clocks, safety pins, matches.

If time allows:Interactive Textile MillPrimary Sources about

Life in the MillsTransportation Systems

MapThe Impact of Mass Tra

nsportation