Gastrointestinal Pathology - Rapidology - Welcome to Rapidology
Welcome to the Pathology of the kidney
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Transcript of Welcome to the Pathology of the kidney
Welcome to the
Pathology of the kidneyhttp://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/
RENAHTML/RENALIDX.html
Who am I?• 90% fused at:
• Lower pole
Who am I?
disorganized architecture, dilated tubules with cuffs of primitive stroma, and an island of cartilage
Multicystic renal dysplasia
Clue: (press now)
Under congenital anomalies
• Multicystic renal dysplasia • Characterized histologically by
persistence of abnormal structures – cartilage, undifferentiated mesenchyme, immature CDs and abnormal lobar organization
Cystic diseases of kidney
• Categories 1. Polycystic kidney disease
• AD (adult) • AR (childhood)
2. Medullary cystic disease • Medullary sponge • Nephronophthisis (not a real word)
3. Acquired (dialysis- associated) 4. Simple cyst
Who am I?• Outcome – benign • CF – microscopic hematuria • Pathologic features – single or multiple
cysts in normal sized kidneys • SIMPLE CYSTS
What disease is this related to?
• Clue (press now)
ADPKD• Important cause of hypertension in young
adults, and cause of progressive chronic kidney failure
• Cysts develop in cortex and medulla, lined by tubular-type cells
• Normal tissue exits around cysts but often show nephroscleorosis and chronic interstitial nephropathy
• Cysts are filled with clear serous fluid or sometimes hemorrhagic fluid
Who am I? • The cysts have uniform lining of
cuboidal cells, reflecting origin from CD • Enlarged kidneys, smooth external
surface • Dilated elongated channels are present
at right angles to cortical surface
ARPKD
Which is medullary sponge kidney and which is acquired cystic
disease?
Tumors
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Benign • Renal papillary adenoma • Angiomyolipoma • Oncocytoma
What is this?• Renal cortical adenoma
Malignant tumours• Renal cell carcinoma
• Where do they arise from?• Arise from tubular epithelium • What are some risk factors? • RF:
• Smoking • Obesity (in females) • Hypertension• Unopposed estrogen therapy • Exposure to asbestos, petroleum, heavy metals
What type of RCC am I?
• Clear cell
What are the other types of RCC?
• Papillary carcinoma • Chromophobe• Collecting duct
Who am I? • I present often as abdominal mass • I am paler, more fleshy and more
uniform than other RCC• I present most commonly between the
age of one and four
Urinary tract obstruction and stones
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Define hydronephrosis
• Dilation of renal pelvis and calycese associated with progressive atrophy of kidney due to obstruction to outflow of urine
• What are some common causes of obstruction?
What am I? • What are the 4 types?• Calcium oxalate and phosphate• Magnesium ammonium phosphate• Uric acid• Cystine