Graph theory Prof Amir Geva Eitan Netzer. G=(V,E) V – Vertex E – Edges.
Welcome []€¦ · SCALING. Proprietary + Confidential THANK YOU ROY GEVA GLASBERG HEAD OF STARTUP...
Transcript of Welcome []€¦ · SCALING. Proprietary + Confidential THANK YOU ROY GEVA GLASBERG HEAD OF STARTUP...
Welcome
#Nexus2017
Registration, Continental Breakfast and Exhibition
Networking
8:0 AMTo 9:15 AM
#Nexus2017
Google’s Critical Connection to Emerging Market Entrepreneurs
ROY GLASBERGGoogle Launchpad Accelerator, Global Lead
9:15 AMTo 9:45 AMK
EYN
OTE
#Nexus2017
Emerging market success
Roy Geva Glasberg - May 2017
WE DO: ENABLE STARTUP SUCCESS GLOBALLY THROUGH IN-PERSON MENTORING
WE ARE GOOGLE’S MENTORSHIP DRIVEN STARTUP PROGRAM
WH
AT
IS L
AUN
CHPA
D
WE PROVIDE:THE BEST RESOURCES FOR STARTUP SUCCESS (methodologies)
AND LEARNINGS ON HOW TO BUILD SUCCESSFUL PRODUCTS AND PLATFORMS FOR STARTUPS (feedback)
ENSURE EFFECTIVE EMERGING MARKETS STARTUP ECOSYSTEMS
WHY
WH
Y
Startup Ecosystem Success
The four pillars of a successful startup ecosystem
MentorshipStartup Success
Investment Policy
HO
W
WH
ERE
Europe
LATAM
NAMER
SSAAPAC
2017 - (40 countries, 5 continents)
LAUNCHPAD HAS BEEN INTRODUCED IN OVER 25 COUNTRIES TO DATE
IMPA
CT T
O D
ATE LAUNCHPAD SPACE AS THE BRIDGE
BETWEEN SV AND THE WORLD
LAUNCHPAD ACCELERATOR IS THE LARGEST CORPORATE ACCELERATOR
WH
O
THE WHO BEHIND THE PROGRAM
1,500 MENTORS
IN 25 COUNTRIES
30 GOOGLE TEAMS
500 Investors
9 Policy & PR
TEAMS
CHA
NG
ING
TH
E M
INDS
ET
CHANGING THE MINDSET
THE POTENTIALWHAT ARE EMERGING MARKET STARTUPS SOLVING FORTHE ROLE OF CORPORATIONS
CHA
NG
ING
TH
E M
INDS
ET
THE POTENTIAL
CHA
NG
ING
TH
E M
INDS
ET
WHAT ARE EMERGING MARKETS SOLVING FOR
● CUTTING EDGE● DIGITAL WORLD● EMERGING CHALLENGES
CHA
NG
ING
TH
E M
INDS
ET
THE ROLE OF CORPORATIONS
IDEATION
PRODUCT VALIDATION
SCALING
Proprietary + ConfidentialProprietary + Confidential
THANK YOU
ROY GEVA GLASBERGHEAD OF STARTUP PROGRAMS
[email protected] Glasberg on Linkedin
Navigating in the New Reality of the United States
MODERATOR:STEVE KIRZPace Harmon, Managing Director
PANELISTS:PRIYA ALAGIRI – Founder, Alagiri Immigration Law Firm
ALANA WAGNER -Director, West Coast International Trade and Investment Office, Government of British Columbia, Canada
DILAWAR SYED - President, Freshdesk
9:45 AMto 10:40 AM
#Nexus2017
PHOTO COMPETITION
#Nexus2017
Great prizes up for grabs1st Prize – iPad Mini 2nd Prize – BEATS Pill Plus
#Nexus2017
Competition Theme
“The Search for Talent”
#Nexus2017
Competition Rules
• Post a photo on Twitter with the hashtags:
#Nexus2017 #Talent• Submissions must arrive before 3:30pm today
• Winners will be announced at 4:00pm
• Creativity counts: the more imaginative the better!
#Nexus2017
Good Luck and happy snapping!
#Nexus2017
Exhibition and Networking
10:40 AMTo 10:55 AM
#Nexus2017
The Unicorns of the Americas: Adapting to a New Model for Cross-Border Acceleration
MODERATOR:LYNNE BAIRSTOW - Managing Partner, MITA Ventures
PANELISTS:
DANIEL GREEN - Partner, Gunderson-Dettmer
ALFRED LUTTER - Founder, Lutter Consulting
PABLO VITTORI - Managing Director, Gaming and Tech, Globant
10:55 AMTO 11:40 AM
#Nexus2017
Preparing for Automation Inside and Outside the Enterprise
MODERATOR:
FABIANO ROSA - Consultant, PwC Canada
SPEAKERS:
RAJEEV GUPTA - Regional Vice President, TCS Latin AmericaGUSTAVO PARÉS - Partner, Nearshore Delivery SolutionsSTEVE RUDDERHAM - Vice President Global Business Services, Kellogg Company
11:40 AMTo 12:20 PM
#Nexus2017
Networking Lunch
12:20 PMTO 1:10 PM
#Nexus2017
Join the Conversation #Nexus2017
#Nexus2017
Lessons from the Frontlines
MODERATOR:STEVE MEZAK - Founder and CEO, Accelerance
PANELISTS:ROBERTO MARTINEZ – CEO, Nearsoft
ZHIYIN PAN - VP of Engineering, Chartio
KARL ROTTMANN - Senior Director, Cylance
OWEN TRAN - Chief Technology Officer, Points International
HUI WU-CURTIS - Senior Director Customer Care Strategy, Choice Hotels
1:10 PMTo 2 PM
#Nexus2017
The State of Nearshore: Key Findings and Analysis
SPEAKER:
SALIL DANI - VP, Global Sourcing, Everest Group
2 PMTo 2:30 PM
#Nexus2017
May 24, 2017
Google Quad Campus, Mountain View, California
The State of Nearshore: Key Findings
and Analysis
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 2
Everest Group
helps senior
executives of
leading
companies
capture value
from the next
generation of
global services
Resources
Webinars, research,
and blogs
Subscriptions
Research reports,
data sets, customised
tracking services
Implementation
Consulting services to
capture value from
decisions
Strategy
Consulting and
research to turn
insights into decisions
Range of services
From insight to action.
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 3
Discussion points for today
Global context and
trends
Location deep-dive Implications for
companies’ location
strategy
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 4
Global services (exports) market size – excludes domestic market
2016; Thousand FTEs
1 Includes Canada, Africa and the Middle East
Note: Includes global services exports for 35 leading locations. Excludes domestic market
Source: Country- / city-level investment promotion agencies, global services organisations, and Everest Group (2016)
The Global Services Industry employs ~5 Million FTEs
distributed across multiple Offshore/Nearshore Locations
India
PhilippinesOther Asia Pacific
Nearshore
Europe
Latin America
~2,500100% = ~3,600
Others1
62%
33%
4%
30%
7%4%
14%
13%
8%11%
5% 9%
IT Services BP Services
Latin America has ~10%
share in global services
market
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 5
Latin America – Market heatmap1
2016
Latin America has witnessed highest growth in global
services headcount over the last 2 years
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Costa Rica
Mexico
Guatemala
PanamaColombia
Nicaragua
Uruguay
Peru
Belize
El Salvador
1 Analysis based on growth in headcount for global services (i.e., exports) for 2016 over 2014
2 Includes Canada, Africa and the Middle East
Source: Country- / city-level investment promotion agencies, global services organizations, and Everest Group (2017)
13%
7%
12%
2%
LatinAmerica
Asia Pacific
NearshoreEurope
Others
Growth rate of global services (exports market)
headcount by regions1
2014-2016; % per annum
JamaicaHonduras
Trinidad & Tobago
Emerging locations (20,000-100,000 FTEs2)
Established locations (100,000-500,000 FTEs2)
Nascent locations (< 20,000 FTEs2)
Mature locations (>500,000 FTEs2)
2
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 6
Increasing share of Latin America in new center
setups
Share of Latin America in new center setups
2015-Q1 2017; Percentage
1 Includes Canada, Africa and the Middle East
Note: Center setups covering both GICs/shared services and service providers
Source: Everest Group’s Market Vista Research
15% 19%
42%45%
33%30%
10% 6%
2015 2006 - Q1 2017
208 319100% =
Latin America
Nearshore
Europe
Asia Pacific
Others1
Share of tier-2/3 cities in new center
setups in Latin America
2015-Q1 2017; Percentage
100% = 90
Tier-2/3
Tier-129%
71%
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 7
New centers in Latin America increasingly
supporting functions beyond voice
47
18
Voice BPO
Breakup of new centers in Latin America by functions
2015-Q1 2017; Percentage
2015
2016-Q1 2017
Note: Totals may exceed 100 percent given a center supports multiple functions
Source: Everest Group’s Market Vista Research
28
56
16
43
62
19
IT Non-voice BPO ES/R&D
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 8
Key drivers for growth in Latin America
Cost
savings
Access to
talent
Servicing
domestic
market needs
Competitive
intensity and
saturation in
mature locations
Supporting digital
capabilities
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 9
How cheaper is Latin America compared to U.S.?
Scale
Skills
Choice of
location
Talent
model
Type of
services
Factors
impacting
cost of
delivery
Large vs. medium scale
IT vs. voice-BPO vs.
non-voice BPO
Transactional
vs. judgmental
Domestic vs. offshore
Entry vs. Experienced mix
Tier-2 vs. tier-3 cities
Generic vs. niche
English vs. Bilingual vs.
Multilingual
Factors to consider in assessing cost
differentials
Language
skills and
proficiency
Complexity
of work
Geography
served
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 10
Domestic/regional demand is a key driver influencing
location decisions in Latin America
LATIN AMERICA: SPANISH DOMESTIC BPO MARKET EXAMPLE (NOT EXHAUSTIVE)
X-YMarket potential for
Spanish domestic BPO1
Spanish domestic BPO
market size (US$ million)
Leveraging “non-traditional:
geographies (e.g., Peru, El
Salvador)
Interest around tier-2/3
cities in the large markets
(e.g., Medellin in Colombia)
Mexico
150
370
2012 2017
30-35X
Uruguay
Peru
El Salvador
Colombia
3090
2012 2017
40-45X
Argentina
105
265
2012 2017
12-16X
1 Market potential estimated as ratio of addressable market to current market size
Source: Everest Group (2017)
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 11
Latin America has a relatively smaller but rapidly growing
digital services market, driven primarily by cloud and social
media capabilities
Key locations for digital services delivery in Latin America
Current market share: <10% share in
digital services global sourcing market
Growth: >15% per annum
Key services: Cloud infrastructure
management for regional and North
American clients and regional social
media operations support (listening,
monitoring, and moderation)
Source: Everest Group (2017)
Buenos Aires
Santiago
Sao Paulo
Bogota
Mexico
City
San Jose
<2K
<2K
<2K
7-9K
5-7K
3-5K
High Medium LowProcess maturity
Social Mobility Analytics Cloud
Social Mobility Analytics Cloud
Social Mobility Analytics Cloud
Social Mobility Analytics Cloud
Social Mobility Analytics Cloud
Social Mobility Analytics Cloud
X-YEmployed pool for digital
services (Thousand FTEs)
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 12
Call-to-action for companies to successfully
leverage Latin America for digital skills
Increase collaboration between the industry and the academe to plug the skill
gaps – both technical and linguistic
Identify and pursue a unique digital value proposition to capitalize on
complimentary growth opportunities with established location such as India
Leverage the domestic demand to further develop digital capabilities to
support global demand
Develop “Digital ready” infrastructure and business environment to gain
investor confidence
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 13
Companies need to intentionally evaluate the role
of Latin America in their overall location portfolio
Typical role of Latin
America in global
services
Complement mature
locations for service
delivery
Gateway to serve
domestic market
Hub for
regional operations
Unique roles in service
delivery
Deliver specialized work
1
2
3
4
5
Proprietary & Confidential. © 2017, Everest Global, Inc. 14
Summary and recap of key messages
1 Latin America is a growing, integral part of global delivery
2 Expanding landscape of tier-2/3 cities in Latin America
3While adoption is increasing, there are trade-offs to be
considered and managed
4Companies need to intentionally evaluate the role of Latin
America in their portfolio
5Important to align investments and adapt operating models to
realize benefits from Latin America
Stay connectedDallas (Headquarters)
+1-214-451-3000
Bangalore
+91-804-276-4533
Delhi
+91-124-496-1000
London
+44-207-129-1318
New York
+1-646-805-4000
Toronto
+1-647-557-3475
Website
www.everestgrp.com
Social Media
@EverestGroup
@Everest Group
Blog
www.sherpasinblueshirts.com
Sherpas In Blue Shirts
Afternoon Networking
2:30 PMTo 2:40 PM
#Nexus2017
How Nearshore Engineers Meets the Innovation Challenge: The Case of Yucatán
SPEAKER:
LUIS ALBERTO MUNOZ UBANDO - Chief Innovation Officer, Grupo Plenum
2:45 PMTo 3:15 PM
#Nexus2017
We increase the capabilities of our customers
through innovative software solutions using
science and technology.
GAIN VALUE through innovative technology
How Nearshore Engineers Meet the Innovation
Challenge: The Case of Yucatán
Latin America and Caribbean engineering studios are not only able to operate in today’s
agile development environments, but are also preparing to vastly improve business
processes through A.I., machine learning and data analytics. Hear how these needs are
being provided with greater efficiency than ever before and how nearshoring is being
transformed.
LUIS ALBERTO MUÑOZ UBANDO
Chief Innovation Officer, Grupo Plenum
VIDEO
87 88-93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
“Smart creative has deep technical knowledge in how to use the tools of her
trade, and plenty of hands-on experience. In our industry, that means she is
most likely a computer scientist, or at least understands the tenents and
structure of the systems behind the magic you see on your screen every day.
She is an expert in doing. She doesn´t just design concepts, she builds
prototypes.”
1.- Analytically Smart
2.- Business Smart
3.- Competitive Smart
4.- User Smart
5.- Smart Creative
6.- Curious Creative
7.- Risky Creative
8.- Self-directed Creative
9.- Open Creative
10.- Thorough Creative
11.- Communicative Creative
The Innovation department at Grupo Plenum
Grupo Plenum
Navic allows you to locate your boats in real time.
Because everyone deserves to be a CEO
OUR JOURNEY SO FAR
Idea was
born Seed funding
MVP in a box
officially registered
First 3 pilots
First official client
18 clients won
SXSW
Collision
pre-launch
Nexus official USA
launch
23 international
clients won
Investment
43 international
clients won
12/2015
02/2016
03/2016
03-06/2016
05/2016
05/2016-
01/2017
03/2017
05/2017
Today
07/2017-
01/201801/2018-
01/2019
2015
2016
2017
2019
2018
07/2017
Is a Minimum Viable Product construction service, aimed at
technology based startups, with a maximum duration of 3
months.
The main objective is to test a software product within a
specified market segment in the shortest time possible,
analyzing customer conduct (early adopters) and involvement
throughout the entire product lifecycle.
WHAT´S
INSIDE THE
BOX?
A cross-functional stand
alone team who are
supported by 1-3
engineers per project
depending on which box
you choose.
YOUR OWN
DREAM TEAM
Chief Operations Officer at Grupo Plenum as well as
MVP in a box and more than 20 years’ experience
within the IT sector having seen over more than 200
software engineering projects
Carlos Borges
COO
Victor Gutierrez
Funder & Advisor
Vanessa Hererra
Founder & CEO
Alberto Munoz
CIO
Josh Northcott
Founder & CMO
CEO, President of the board and founder of Grupo
Plenum and owner of MVP in a box. Victor is also the
creator of the first Information Technology Centre in
all of Mexico, in Merida in 2004.
Business Development Director for Plenumsoft and
Founder and CEO of MVP in a box. Successfully
led implementation of more than 80 software
products across multiple business lines.Chief Innovation Officer at Grupo Plenum as well as
CIO for MVP in a box. Founder of The Robotics
Institute of Yucatán and President South-East and
VP Innovation at CANIETI.
Director of International Outsourcing for Plenumsoft
and Founder and CMO of MVP in a box. Extensive
career building startups throughout Mexico and
internationally.
WHO ARE WE
1 Scrum master
1 Construction team
1 Designer
1 Business consultant
1 Marketing expert
440 Working hours investment
10 Interactive pages
1 Scrum master
1 Construction team
1 Designer
528 Working hours investment
10 Interactive pages
1 Scrum master
1 Construction team
1 Designer
1 Business consultant
1 Marketing expert
1 Extra SW engineer
704 Working hours investment
15 Interactive pages
$10,499 / 1st month $11,999 / 1st month $14,999 / 1st month
BUILD IT BOX CREATE IT BOX LAUNCH IT BOX
$999
$1,999
BENEFITS
Market
validation
Reduced development
time
Optimized Costs Dream
Team
Experience
OUR SUCCESS
SO FAR:
www.mvpinabox.com.mx
Your first choice as an entrepreneur bringing your new business to market
Because everyone deserves to be a CEO
How Nearshore Engineers Meet the Innovation Challenge:
The Case of Yucatán
Latin America and Caribbean engineering studios are not only able to operate in today’s agile development environments, but are also
preparing to vastly improve business processes through A.I., machine learning and data analytics. Hear how these needs are being
provided with greater efficiency than ever before and how nearshoring is being transformed.
LUIS ALBERTO MUNOZ UBANDO
Chief Innovation Officer, Grupo Plenum
87 88-93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15
“Smart creative has deep technical knowledge in how to use the tools of her trade, and plenty of hands-on
experience. In our industry, that means she is most likely a computer scientist, or at least understands the
tenents and structure of the systems behind the magic you see on your screen every day. She is an expert in
doing. She doesn´t just design concepts, she builds prototypes.”
1. Analytically Smart
2. Business Smart
3. Competitive Smart
4. User Smart
5. Smart Creative
6. Curious Creative
7. Risky Creative
8. Self-directed Creative
9. Open Creative
10. Thorough Creative
11. Communicative Creative
24
GAP
Because everyone
deserves to be a CEO
Chief Operations Officer at Grupo Plenum as well as
MVP in a box and more than 20 years’ experience
within the IT sector having seen over more than 200
software engineering projects
Carlos Borges
COO
Victor Gutierrez
Company Owner
Vanessa Hererra
CEO
Alberto Munoz
CIOJosh Northcott
CMO
CEO, President of the board and founder of Grupo
Plenum and owner of MVP in a box. Victor is also the
creator of the first Information Technology Centre in
all of Mexico, in Merida in 2004.Business Development Director for Plenumsoft and
Founder and CEO of MVP in a box. Successfully
led implementation of more than 80 software
products across multiple business lines.
Chief Innovation Officer at Grupo Plenum as well as
CIO for MVP in a box. Founder of The Robotics
Institute of Yucatán and President South-East and
VP Innovation at CANIETI.
Director of International Outsourcing for Plenumsoft
and Founder and CMO of MVP in a box. Extensive
career building startups throughout Mexico and
internationally.
WHO ARE WE
OUR JOURNEY SO FAR
Idea was
born Seed funding
MVP in a box
officially registered
First 3 pilots
First official client
18 clients won
SXSW
Collision
pre-launch
Nexus official USA
launch
23 international
clients won
Investment
43 international
clients won
12/2015
02/2016
03/2016
03-06/2016
05/2016
05/2016-
01/2017
03/2017
05/2017
Today
07/2017-
01/201801/2018-
01/2019
20
15
20
16
20
17
20
19
20
18
07/2017
Is a Minimum Viable Product construction
service, aimed at technology based startups,
with a maximum duration of 3 months.
The main objective is to test a software product
within a specified market segment in the
shortest time possible, analyzing customer
conduct (early adopters) and involvement
throughout the entire product lifecycle.
WHAT´S
INSIDE THE
BOX?
1 Scrum master
1 Construction team
1 Designer
1 Business consultant
1 Marketing expert
440 Working hours investment
10 Interactive pages
1 Scrum master
1 Construction team
1 Designer
528 Working hours investment
10 Interactive pages
1 Scrum master
1 Construction team
1 Designer
1 Business consultant
1 Marketing expert
1 Extra SW engineer
704 Working hours investment
15 Interactive pages
$10,499 / 1st month $11,999 / 1st month $14,999 / 1st month
BUILD IT BOX CREATE IT BOX LAUNCH IT BOX
$999
$1,999
A cross-functional stand
alone team who are
supported by 1-3
engineers per project
depending on which box
you choose.
YOUR OWN
DREAM TEAM
BENEFITS
Market
validation
Reduced development
time
Optimized Costs Dream
Team
Experience
www.mvpinabox.com.mx
Your first choice as an entrepreneur bringing your new business to market
Because everyone
deserves to be a CEO
A.I., Robotics and the Future of Work
SPEAKER:
AARON SMITH - Associate Research Director, Pew Research
3:15 PMTo 4:00 PM
#Nexus2017
Research findings on the present (and future) of automation and work
Aaron Smith
Associate Director, Research
May 30, 2017 50www.pewresearch.org
Why care about automation and jobs?
Large body of research showing impact of automation on blue collar work:
• Vast majority of manufacturing job losses in recent decades linked to automation and greater productivity
(Ball State CBER, 2017)
• Each robot per 1,000 workers leads to 6.7 human jobs lost (NBER, 2017)
Growing body of research that many more jobs outside the factory floor may be susceptible to automation
• 47% of all employment categories in U.S. at some risk of automation (Frey & Osbourne, 2013)
• Currently demonstrated technologies could automate 45 percent of the activities people are paid to perform
(McKinsey, 2017)
In addition to obvious political impacts, work is important to people and plays an outsized role in the American
psyche
May 30, 2017 51www.pewresearch.org
This has entered in the public consciousness in a big way in recent years…
May 30, 2017 52www.pewresearch.org
Our research on this subject
1) 2014 “canvassing” of technology experts
2) 2015 survey of U.S. adults about their expectations for automation of work in the future
3) 2016 survey of U.S. adults about their broad experiences/expectations around work and jobs
4) 2017 survey (data collection currently underway) on many different aspects of automation in a personal and
work setting
RESULTS FROM OUR CANVASSING
OF TECHNOLOGY EXPERTS
May 30, 2017 www.pewproject.org 53
May 30, 2017 54www.pewresearch.org
Our “conversation starter” about automation and jobs
The “yes/no” question: Self-driving cars, intelligent digital agents that can act for you, and robots are advancing
rapidly. Will networked, automated, artificial intelligence (AI) applications and robotic devices have displaced
more jobs than they have created by 2025?
The “elaborate” question: Describe your expectation about the degree to which robots, digital agents, and AI
tools will have disrupted white-collar and blue-collar jobs by 2025 and the social consequences that will emerge
from that.
The “bonus” question: To what degree will AI and robotics be parts of the ordinary landscape of the general
population by 2025? Describe which parts of life will change the most as these tools advance and which parts
of life will remain relatively unchanged.
May 30, 2017 55www.pewresearch.org
How they responded
Where they see AI/robots having the biggest impact:
• Integrated into daily life, to the point of invisibility
• Driving, transportation, and logistics
• Intelligent agents managing our homes and lives
• Large swathes of the service sector—both online and off—will be impacted
• Caring for the elderly, disabled, and sick
• Minority viewpoint: changes will be gradual and incremental (at least in next decade)
What they see as the impact on human employment:
• 48% said Yes, they will be a net displacer of human jobs
• 52% said No, they will not widely displace human jobs
KEY THEMES FROM THOSE WHO DO NOT EXPECT AI AND ROBOTS TO TAKE
HUMAN JOBS IN SIGNIFICANT #S
Results in detail
May 30, 2017 www.pewproject.org 56
May 30, 2017 57www.pewresearch.org
Theme #1
New advances have always produced as many new jobs as they displace. Jobs will shift, but new types of work
will emerge
"Historically, technology has created more jobs than it destroys and there is no reason to think otherwise in this
case.” (Vint Cerf)
“There is no shortage of things that need to be done and that will not change.” (Jonathan Grudin)
May 30, 2017 58www.pewresearch.org
Theme #2a and 2b
Some skills are uniquely human, and cannot be replicated by even the most advanced robots and algorithms
“…machines can’t do…thinking, creativity, synthesizing, problem-solving, and innovating” (Pamela Rutledge)
“Truth be told, computers are not very smart…They can do things that require logic, but logic is only one part of
the human mind.” (Celia Pearce)
Disruption may happen sometime, but not soon
“AI and robotics will be a niche, with a few leading applications such as banking, retailing, and transport. The
risks of error and the imputation of liability remain major constraints to the application of these technologies to
the ordinary landscape.” (Christopher Wilkinson)
“In 12 years I do not think autonomous devices will be truly autonomous. I think they will allow us to deliver a
higher level of service with the same level of human involvement.” (David Clark)
May 30, 2017 59www.pewresearch.org
Theme #3
Political and social factors will cushion the jobs impact
“I see the movement towards AI and robotics as evolutionary, in large part because it is such a sociological leap.
The technology may be ready, but we are not—at least, not yet.” (Geoff Livingston)
“…any country that wants a competitive economy will ensure that most of its citizens are employed so that in
turn they can pay for goods and services.” (Andrew Rens)
KEY THEMES FROM THOSE WHO DO EXPECT AI AND ROBOTS TO TAKE
MANY HUMAN JOBS
Results in detail
May 30, 2017 www.pewproject.org 60
May 30, 2017 61www.pewresearch.org
Themes #1 and 2
Technological advances may have led to jobs in the past, but are not doing that today…if replacing human
employees saves money, it will happen
“Automation is Voldemort: the terrifying force nobody is willing to name.” (Jerry Michalski)
“Everything that can be automated will be automated.” (Robert Cannon)
Change is happening faster than ever, and impacting previously “safe” industries
“Previous technological revolutions happened much more slowly, so people had longer to retrain, and [also]
moved people from one kind of unskilled work to another. Robots and AI threaten to make even some kinds of
skilled work obsolete.” (Tom Standage)
“Unlike previous disruptions such as when farming machinery displaced farm workers but created factory jobs
making the machines, robotics and AI are different.” (Mark Nall)
May 30, 2017 62www.pewresearch.org
Theme #3
Great success for a few, but diminished options and opportunities for many…creation of a “permanent
underclass”?
“The central question of 2025 will be: What are people for in a world that does not need their labor, and where
only a minority are needed to guide the 'bot-based economy?” (Stowe Boyd)
“…there will be some new opportunities created for complex non-routine work, but the gains at this top of the
labor market will not be offset by losses in the middle and gains of terrible jobs at the bottom.” (Justin Reich)
THEMES THAT EMERGED IN THE RESPONSES FROM BOTH GROUPS
Results in detail
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Theme #1
We have an opportunity to value new skills and rethink the concept of “work”
“If ‘displace more jobs’ means ‘eliminate dull, repetitive, and unpleasant work,’ the answer would be
yes…Everyone wants more jobs and less work.” (Hal Varian)
“We cannot assume that ‘jobs’ will stay the same. Our ways of making a living are going to shift at the same
time.” (Elizabeth Albrycht)
“We’ll see a continued growth of artisanal products and small-scale efforts.” (Tony Siesfeld)
May 30, 2017 65www.pewresearch.org
Theme #2
Concerns about the preparedness of social institutions—government, the business community, and (especially)
education
“The education system is not well positioned to transform itself to help shape graduates who can race against
the machines.” (Bryan Alexander)
“Education systems…are still sitting students in rows and columns, teaching them to keep quiet and memorize
what is told to them, preparing them for life in a 20th century factory.” (Howard Rheingold)
May 30, 2017 66www.pewresearch.org
Theme #3
The future is not set in stone. Our choices will determine the outcome—for good or bad
“Societies will have to adapt their economic policies to accommodate growing wealth created by technology and
the reduction in older types of job opportunities. Those that don’t will see large scale unrest fueled by the
cheap, ubiquitous weaponization of these same technologies.” (David Solomonoff)
“All of this is manageable by states and economies: but it will require wrestling with ideologically fraught
solutions, such as a guaranteed minimum income, and a broadening of our social sense of what is valuable
work.” (Jason Pontin)
SO WHAT DO ORDINARY AMERICANS THINK
ABOUT ALL OF THIS?
Results in detail
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Some final questions/thoughts to consider…
1. How will these shifts impact countries who currently compete on low-wage human labor (e.g. China making
huge investments in automated factories)
2. “Lifelong learning” is ingrained in modern workers’ DNA -- but it’s not clear that they are training for “a
machine will be able to do my job someday”
3. We’re already seeing how hard it is to retrain and migrate today’s displaced workers into thriving
jobs/industries – possible canary in the coalmine?
4. Predictions are difficult, especially about the future – but the technological progress we are seeing
(especially around AI applications) is extremely striking
5. Anecdotally, it seems that many of the jobs being actively created by the current wave of AI (outside of a
small group of developers/engineers/data scientists) are not particularly outstanding -- e.g. thousands of
humans scanning YouTube or Facebook live for porn or violent content, workers training algorithms to do
their jobs
May 30, 2017 72www.pewresearch.org
Thanks! Questions?
Aaron Smith
Associate Director, Research
Pew Research Center
@aaron_w_smith
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