WELCOME

Dr. M. Kishan Kumar,Professor & Head

Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University

College of Veterinary science, Korutla

ECONOMICS OF FEEDING ECONOMICS OF FEEDING

SHEANUT (SHEANUT (Vitellaria paradoxa)Vitellaria paradoxa)

CAKE BASED COMPLETE DIETSCAKE BASED COMPLETE DIETS

ON LACTATING BUFFALOES ON LACTATING BUFFALOES

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION• Complete diet technology enables to utilize the crop residues and agro industrial by products effectively for livestock feeding with higher nutrient utilization of such diets

• Attempt was made to utilize sheanut cake & palm press fibre at different levels along with other locally available concentrate ingredients in complete diets for lactating Murrah buffaloes and to evaluate the effect of Sheanut cake based complete diets on cost economics

Sheanut cake a solid residue from the Sheanut cake a solid residue from the shea fat industry is available in large shea fat industry is available in large quantities in west Africa is now quantities in west Africa is now receiving attention as a potential feed receiving attention as a potential feed ingredient in our country too.ingredient in our country too.

Palm press fibre is the fibrous residue Palm press fibre is the fibrous residue of the pericarp of oil palm fruit after of the pericarp of oil palm fruit after separation of nut & has potential separation of nut & has potential importance for livestock feeding.importance for livestock feeding.

Shea treeShea tree

Shea nutShea nut

ObjectiveObjective

To Assess the cost of production (Rs.) To Assess the cost of production (Rs.) of per kg milk and 6% fat corrected of per kg milk and 6% fat corrected milk (6% FCM) of lactating graded milk (6% FCM) of lactating graded Murrah buffaloes fed with Murrah buffaloes fed with conventional (RI) and complete feed conventional (RI) and complete feed (RII, RIII).(RII, RIII).

EXPERIMENTAL DIETSEXPERIMENTAL DIETSIngredientIngredient Concentrate Concentrate

mixture(R I )mixture(R I ) (R II )(R II ) (R III ) (R III )

Jowar strawJowar straw -- 20.00 20.00 25.00 25.00

Palm press Palm press fibrefibre

-- 20.00 20.00 15.00 15.00

Maize Maize 3030 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

Deoiled rice Deoiled rice branbran

17.00 17.00 10.50 10.50 4.00 4.00

Wheat bran Wheat bran 20.00 20.00 9.009.00 5.00 5.00

Groundnut Groundnut cakecake

15.0015.00 9.00 9.00 10.0010.00

Cottonseed Cottonseed cake cake

15.00 15.00 -- --

Sheanut Cake Sheanut Cake -- 18.50 18.50 28.00 28.00

Salt Salt 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00

Mineral Mineral mixture mixture

2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00

Total Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Vitamin AD3 Vitamin AD3 (g/qt) (g/qt)

-- 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF EXPERIMENTAL RATIONS (%DM)

NutrientComplete diet

Ration I (Control)Sheanut

cake

Palm press fiberRation II

Ration III

Concentrate

mixture

Chopped

jowar straw

Jowar green fodder

Organic matter

92.78 93.48 91.32 88.24 91.74 92.19 90.76

Crude protein

12.12 12.30 17.94 3.46 7.18 13.21 8.28

Ether extract

1.50 1.79 5.34 1.11 1.24 2.12 9.16

NFE 55.32 55.17 58.48 53.55 55.30 67.04 34.58

NDF 59.92 56.20 33.26 70.20 66.48 60.27 72.14

ADF 46.62 46.92 17.22 50.70 46.31 41.13 53.12

MATERIALS AND METHODSMATERIALS AND METHODS

Animals : 12 Graded Murrah Buffaloes in Animals : 12 Graded Murrah Buffaloes in mid lactationmid lactation

No. of Diets: 3 (RI, RII, RIII)No. of Diets: 3 (RI, RII, RIII) RI Conventional,- Concentrate Mixture, RI Conventional,- Concentrate Mixture,

Chopped jowar straw, Jowar fodderChopped jowar straw, Jowar fodder RII - Sheanut Cake 18.50%, Palm press RII - Sheanut Cake 18.50%, Palm press

fibre 20.00%fibre 20.00% RIII - Sheanut Cake 28.00, Palm press RIII - Sheanut Cake 28.00, Palm press

fibre 15.00%fibre 15.00% Duration: 4 MonthsDuration: 4 Months Design : RBD Layout Design : RBD Layout

Traits measuredTraits measured

Daily feed intakeDaily feed intake Milk YieldMilk Yield Milk Fat YieldMilk Fat Yield 6% FCM Yield6% FCM Yield Feed CostFeed Cost

Attribute Conventional diet

( R I )

Mash ( R II )

Mash( R III )

Milk yield (kg) 5.82 0.52 6.45 0.29 6.52 0.46

Milk Fat (%) 7.85 0.19 7.80 0.06 7.67 0.02

Milk fat yield (kg)

0.45 0.03 0.50 0.02 0.50 0.03

6% FCM yield (kg)

7.02 0.49 7.78 0.31 7.78 0.55

SNF (%) 8.73 0.04 8.81 0.05 8.84 0.03

TS(%) 16.58 0.16 16.60 0.07 16.51 0.03

RESULTS

Mean performance

Average daily milk yield, milk fat, SNF & Average daily milk yield, milk fat, SNF & Total solids%, 6%FCM were comparable Total solids%, 6%FCM were comparable among the experimental rationsamong the experimental rations

DMI per kg milk yield, 6%FCM yield were DMI per kg milk yield, 6%FCM yield were comparable among all 3 diets.comparable among all 3 diets.

The cost of feed /Kg 6%FCM yield was The cost of feed /Kg 6%FCM yield was 4.6% lower in RIII than conventional diet.4.6% lower in RIII than conventional diet.

AttributeAttribute RIRI RIIRII RIIIRIII

DM intake/kg DM intake/kg MY(kg)MY(kg)

2.08±0.272.08±0.27 1.91± 0.131.91± 0.13 1.87±0.0081.87±0.008

DM intake/kg DM intake/kg 6% FCM Yield 6% FCM Yield (kg)(kg)

1.70± 0.181.70± 0.18 1.58 ± 0.101.58 ± 0.10 1.57± 0.061.57± 0.06

Cost of Cost of feed/kg/MY feed/kg/MY (Rs.)(Rs.)

10.56± 1.3210.56± 1.32 10.55± 0.7010.55± 0.70 9.86± 0.419.86± 0.41

Cost of Cost of feed/kgfeed/kg

6% FCM Yield 6% FCM Yield (Rs.)(Rs.)

8.668.66±±0.960.96 8.73±8.73± 0.530.53 8.26±0.348.26±0.34

The average cost of feed per kg milk The average cost of feed per kg milk yield for the experimental rations I,II yield for the experimental rations I,II and III was Rs.10.56 and III was Rs.10.56 ±± 1.32,10.55 1.32,10.55 ±±0.70 and 9.860.70 and 9.86±±0.41 respectively.0.41 respectively.

The average cost of feed per kg 6% The average cost of feed per kg 6% FCM yield for experimental rations I,II FCM yield for experimental rations I,II and III was Rs.8.66 and III was Rs.8.66 ±± 0.96,8.26 0.96,8.26 ±±0.34 0.34 and 8.26and 8.26±±0.33 respectively. 0.33 respectively.

Observed no significant difference Observed no significant difference between conventional diet (RI) and between conventional diet (RI) and complete diets (RII and RIII) complete diets (RII and RIII)

Present study indicated that feed cost Present study indicated that feed cost was lowered by 6.63 percent unit with was lowered by 6.63 percent unit with complete diet (RIII) when compared with complete diet (RIII) when compared with conventional diet (RI) which seems to be conventional diet (RI) which seems to be beneficial in large commercial dairy beneficial in large commercial dairy units. units.

The feed cost per kg 6% FCM yield was The feed cost per kg 6% FCM yield was comparable among diets though a 40 comparable among diets though a 40 paisa reduction was observed per kg of paisa reduction was observed per kg of 6%FCM yield when diet (RIII) compared 6%FCM yield when diet (RIII) compared to conventional ration (RI).to conventional ration (RI).

The results of the present study indicated The results of the present study indicated that that

the complete diet (RIII) containing jowar the complete diet (RIII) containing jowar

straw (25%) PPF (15%) and sheanut cake straw (25%) PPF (15%) and sheanut cake

(28%) showed positive tendency in (28%) showed positive tendency in improving improving

milk yield, milk fat yield,6%FCM yield and milk yield, milk fat yield,6%FCM yield and

decreased cost of milk productiondecreased cost of milk production

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

The unconventional feed ingredients The unconventional feed ingredients like palm press fibre and sheanut like palm press fibre and sheanut cake could be included in complete cake could be included in complete diets of lactating buffaloes up to 20% diets of lactating buffaloes up to 20% and 28% respectively along with and 28% respectively along with locally available feed ingredients in locally available feed ingredients in roughage concentrate ratio of 40:60roughage concentrate ratio of 40:60

Feeding of complete diets increased Feeding of complete diets increased the production performance and the production performance and quality of milk in buffaloesquality of milk in buffaloes

The cost of feed per kg 6% FCM The cost of feed per kg 6% FCM reduced by 4.62 percent compared reduced by 4.62 percent compared to conventional ration.to conventional ration.

THANK YOUTHANK YOU