WELCOME Child Sex Ratio A SITUATION REPORT ON MISSING GIRL CHILD BASED ON CENSUS OF INDIA 2001...

WELCOME

Child Sex RatioA SITUATION REPORT ON

MISSING GIRL CHILD BASEDON CENSUS OF INDIA 2001

Office of the Registrar General, India13TH March 2004

Am I alone in this crusade?

“It is clear that the sex ratio in the age group 0-6 has decreased at a much faster pace than the overall sex ratio of the country after 1981.

The decreasing sex ratio in this child population perhaps has a cascading effect on the population over a period of time leading to diminishing sex ratio in the country…

– Provisional Population TotalsPaper 1 of 2001 India

Analysis of Census Data

“... One thing is clear- the imbalance that has set at the early age-group is difficult to be removed and would remain to haunt the population for a long time to come.

To say the least, demographically the sex ratio of 927 of the population in the age-group 0-6 does not augur well for the future of the country. “

– Provisional Population Totals Paper 1 of 2001 India

The rest is all history …

Analysis of Census Data

What is Sex Ratio ?

Sex ratio, in India, is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in the population

It is an index of male-female (im)balance in population

At the Census 2001, sex ratio of population stood at 933 females per 1000 males which is a marginal increase from 927 recorded at the 1991 Census

SEX RATIO - INDIA

900

910920

930

940

950960

970

980

1901

1911

1921

1931

1941

1951

1961

1971

1981

1991

2001

CENSUS YEARS

FE

MA

LE

S P

ER

100

0 M

AL

ES

RURAL AND URBAN SEX RATIO: INDIA

820

850

880

910

940

970

10001

901

19

11

19

21

19

31

19

41

19

51

19

61

19

71

19

81

19

91

20

01

CENSUS DECADES

FE

MA

LE

S P

ER

10

00

MA

LE

S

Rural Urban

Sex Ratio in the Districts : 1991 and 2001

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1991 2001

Less than 800800 - 849850 - 899900 - 949950 - 9991000 - 1049

Census years

Persons Males Females

1901 238 121 117

1951 361 186 176

1961 439 226 213

1971 548 284 264

1981 683 353 330

1991 846 439 407

2001 1027 531 496

Census thus reveals that the deficit of women has risen from 3 million in 1901 to 35 million in 2001

INDIASEX RATIO

1981

1991

N.A.

N.A.

2001

Data not available

SEX RATIO850 AND BELOW851 - 900901 - 950 951 - 10001001 AND ABOVE

Source: Census of India

(Females per 1000 males)

Child Sex Ratio(0-6 years)

Child Sex Ratio

Child sex ratio, i.e., sex ratio in the age group 0 to 6 years is a powerful indicator to examine the SOCIAL RESPONSE and ATTITUDE towards the GIRL CHILD in recent past.

The presentation of data on child sex ratio has shown a grim picture of the status of girl child in some parts of the country as per the Census of India 2001.

Child Sex Ratio

Census Total Rural Urban

1981 962 963 931

1991 945 948 935

2001 927 934 903

Decline in child sex ratio from 945 in 1991 to 927 in 2001 has activated the the entire political, legal and administrative set up of the country.

If it is accepted that the impact of differentialsex selective – undercount, age reportingand migration is negligible then, the sex ratioin the age-group 0-6 years will be principallyinfluenced by :

1. Sex ratio at birth2. Sex selective mortality at younger ages

The sex ratio at birth is usually a biological constant with a value that lies between 943 to 954. As the male infant mortality is higherthan female in normal populations, the child sex ratio would tend to increase and improveover the globally accepted constant.

INDIACHILD SEX RATIO IN

AGE GROUP 0-61991

A

A

N.A. INDIACHILD SEX RATIO IN

AGE GROUP 0-62001

A

A

N.A.

N.A. DATA NOT AVAILABLE

INDIACHILD SEX RATIO IN

AGE GROUP 0-6

1991 2001

FEMALES PER 1000 MALES IN AGE GROUP 0-6

800 AND BELOW801 - 850851 - 900901 - 950 951 - 10001001 AND ABOVEData Not Available

HIMACHAL PRADESHCHILD SEX RATIO IN AGE GROUP 0-6

(DISTRICTS)1991 2001

Lahul & Spiti

Chamba

Kangra

Kullu

Mandi KinnaurUna

Hamirpur

Shimla

Bilaspur

Solan

Sirmaur


1991(DISTRICTS)

951

958

965

939

966

968

973

923

938

958

951

923

Lahul & Spiti

Chamba

Kangra

Kullu

Mandi KinnaurUna

Hamirpur

Shimla

Bilaspur

Solan

Sirmaur


2001(DISTRICTS)

986962

836

960

916839

864

930

884

900

940

CHILD SEX RATIO800 AND BELOW801 - 850851 - 900901 - 950951 AND ABOVEData not available

North West

South West

West

East

NorthNorth East

New Delhi

Central

854

845

886

858870

868

867

882

902

South

North West

South West

West

East

NorthNorth East

New Delhi

Central

CHILD SEX RATIO800 AND BELOW801 - 850851 - 900901 - 950951 AND ABOVE

913

904

912

913920

918

917

919

937Central

New Delhi

North EastNorth

East

West

South West

North West

South

DELHICHILD SEX RATIO IN AGE GROUP 0 - 6

(DISTRICT)1991 2001

Gurdaspur

Hoshiarpur

Amritsar

Kapurthala

Jalandhar

Rupnagar

K

Nawanshahr

Firozpur

Moga

Ludhiana

Fatehgarh Sahib

Faridkot

MuktsarPatiala

Bathinda

Mansa

Sangrur

P

887873

861

871

878

877

884

860

886

858

867865

879

900

874

873

PUNJAB CHILD SEX RATIO IN AGE GROUP 0-6 1991 (DISTRICT)

884

FEMALES PER 1000 MALES IN AGE GROUP 0-6800 AND BELOW801 - 850851 - 900901 - 950951 - 10001001 AND ABOVE

775

810

783

775

797

791

K

810

819

819 814

754

805

807 770779

779

784

P

SangrurFirozpur

Amritsar

Patiala

Moga Ludhiana

Bathinda

Gurdaspur

Hoshiarpur

Mansa

Muktsar

Jalandhar

Rupnagar

Faridkot

Kapurthala

Fatehgarh Sahib

Nawanshahr

PUNJABCHILD SEX RATIO IN AGE GROUP 0-6

2001 (PROVISIONAL)(DISTRICT)

20011991

PUNJ ABCHILD SEX RATIO IN AGE GROUP 0 - 6

(DISTRICT)

Panchkula

Ambala Yamuna-nagar

Kurukshetra

KaithalKarnal

Sirsa

Jind

Fatehabad

HisarPanipat

Sonipat

Rohtak

Bhiwani

Jhajjar

GurgaonFarida-

bad

RewariMahen-dragarh

Sirsa

Hisar

Bhiwani

Karnal

Gurgaon

Kaithal

Sonipat

Jhajjar

Fatehabad

Rohtak

RewariFarida-

bad

Ambala

Panipat

Kurukshetra

Mahen-dragarh

Yamuna-nagar

Panchkula

Jind

HaryanaChild sex ratio

(District)

1991 2001

CHILD SEX RATIO800 AND BELOW801 - 850851 - 900901 - 950951 - 10001001 AND ABOVE

Mahen-dragarh Rewari

Farida-bad

Gurgaon

Jhajjar

Bhiwani

Rohtak

Sonipat

Panipat

Hisar

Fatehabad

Jind

Sirsa

Karnal

Kaithal

Kurukshetra

Yamuna-nagarAmbala

Panchkula


HaryanaChild sex ratio 2001

(Sub-District)

District Child Sex Ratio (2001)

South (Sikkim) 1036

Upper Siang (Arunachal Pradesh) 1018

Pulwama (Jammu & Kashmir) 1017

Bastar (Chhatisgarh) 1014

Dantewada (Chhatisgarh) 1014

East Kameng (Arunachal Pradesh) 1011

Kupwara (Jammu & Kashmir) 1010

Senapati (Manipur) 1007

Mokukchung (Nagaland) 1004

Badgam (Jammu & Kashmir) 1003

Child Sex Ratio – Top Ten Districts in India

District Child Sex Ratio (2001)

Fathegarh Sahib (Punjab) 754

Patiala (Punjab) 770

Kurukshetra (Haryana) 770

Gurdaspur (Punjab) 775

Kapurthala (Punjab) 775

Bhatinda (Punjab) 779

Mansa (Punjab) 779

Amritsar (Punjab) 783

Sonipat (Haryana) 783

Ambala (Haryana) 784

Child Sex Ratio – Bottom Ten Districts in India

Ranges of Child Sex Ratio (0-6)

Census Years

1991 2001

Total 577 577

Less than 800 - 16

800 - 849 1 32

850 - 899 68 71

900 - 949 181 208

950 - 999 306 242

1000 - 1049 21 8

Distribution of districts by ranges of Child Sex Ratio, 1991 & 2001 (Provisional)


Number of villages

2001 1991

Less than 750 4697 2688

751 – 900 4563 4284

901 – 1000 1695 2762

1001 – 1200 899 1843

Above 1200 424 851

Total 12278 12428

Distribution of villages by ranges of Child Sex Ratio, 1991 & 2001 Census : PUNJAB


Number of villages

2001 1991

Less than 750 1852 977

751 – 900 3359 3142

901 – 1000 1057 1818

1001 – 1200 367 949

Above 1200 129 239

Total 6764 7125

Distribution of villages by ranges of Child Sex Ratio, 1991 & 2001 Census : HARYANA

Child Sex Ratio(Below 850)

India by districts 2001

The situation at tahsil or

taluk level ?

N.A.

N.A. Data Not Available

CHILD SEX RATIO800 AND BELOW801 - 850851 - 900901 - 950951 - 10001001 AND ABOVEDATA NOT AVAILABLE

Child Sex Ratio 2001

India at tahsil level

PUNJ ABCHILD SEX RATIOIN AGE GROUP 0-6

2001 (PROVISIONAL)(TAHSIL)

790

773

779

811

812

818

798

826

782

764819

813763

788

838

756

775

761

835

795

786 754

768

777

815820

839

769

817

796

781

821789

766

814

780

836

776

794

743

757

800807

755

827793

772

855

706

784725

801

774

773

795786

769

789772

812

781818

795

788788

788776

826

818

818

813

812

789 786

777

CHI LD SEX RATIO725 AND BELOW726 - 775776 - 825 (SA-793)826 - 875876 - 925926 AND ABOVE

PUNJ ABCHILD SEX RATIOIN AGE GROUP 0-6

1991(TAHSIL)

908

875

858874

864

865887865

872 885860896

847895

864900

894883 914894

884880

895872 869

904 879867

882865 863

857

898882 868874

864859

867854 862

862

880873 878873 CHI LD SEX RATIO

725 AND BELOW726 - 775776 - 825826 - 875 (SA-875)876 - 925926 AND ABOVE

Child Sex RatioPunjab (Tahsil)

1991 - 2001


Child Sex Ratio 2001Haryana by Tahsils

THE SITUATION CONTINUES TO BE GRIM …

Media Reports

Punjab asked to probe falling sex ratio -Times of India,

27th April 2001 Sex ratio lowest in the prosperous

states- Times of India, 30th April 2001

Female foeticide on the rise in India

- Hindustan Times, 4th May 2001

IMA plans religious leaders need to fight female foeticide

- The Hindu, 22nd June 2001

Will clergy’s crusade against foeticide make an impact? - Times of India, New Delhi 10th June 2001

Religious heads roped in to set right sex ratio – The Tribune

Billion reasons why planning counts in census - South China Morning Post

What can we do ??

Following the publication of the provisional census results, which among other aspects focused on the plight of the girl child, there has been an enormous activity in the legal, social and governmental spheres to control this menace.

The PIL in the Supreme Court, the Fatwha issued by the religious priests in Punjab and the amendments to the PNDT Act are clear signs of the interest generated in this area of great social concern. ‘SAVE THE GIRL CHILD’ campaign needs to be further supported actively by all the agencies within and outside government in a civilized society to restore the balance of sexes.

CONTROLLING AND MONITORING FEMALE FOETICIDE

- WHAT CAN BE DONE ?

Can we wait for the next census in 2011 to tell whether the sex ratio at birth have improved or further deteriorated ? DEFINITELY NOT.

The answer lies in monitoring sex ratio at birth from the CIVIL REGISTRATION DATA, which gives monthly report for any administrative level.

Instructions have been already issued in this regard by the Registrar General India, to all the CHIEF REGISTRARS OF BIRTHS AND DEATHS in the state for monitoring the monthly sex ratio at birth and disseminate this data back to the public and governments.

Keeping a vigil on

Sex Ratio at Birth

INDIASEX RATIO AT BIRTH

1982

19991991

NO. OF MALES PER 100 FEMALES105 AND BELOW106 - 110111 - 115116 AND ABOVE

SOURCE:SAMPLE RAGISTRATION SYSTEM

INDIASEX RATIO AT BIRTH

1991

NO. OF MALES PER 100 FEMALES105 AND BELOW105 - 110110 - 115115 - 120120 AND ABOVE

Source: Census of India

Reported sex ratio at birth – Punjab District level 2000

5060708090

100110120130140150

Am

rits

ar

Bat

hind

a

Far

idko

t

Fat

ehga

rh S

ahib

Fir

ozpu

r

Gur

dasp

ur

Hos

hirp

ur

Jala

ndha

r

Kap

urth

ala

Lud

hian

a

Man

sa

Mog

a

Muk

thas

ar

Naw

ansh

ahar

Pat

iala

Roo

pnag

ar

San

grur

Tot

al

Rural Urban

Reported sex ratio at birth by religion Punjab - 2000

136132 134

121

134

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

Sikh Hindu Muslim Christian Total

SOURCE: CIVIL REGISTRATION SYSTEM

HARYANASEX RATIO AT BIRTH

1998

NO. OF MALES PER 100 FEMALES110 AND BELOW111 - 115 (S.A.-113)116 - 120121 AND ABOVE

SOURCE : CIVIL REGISTRATION SYSTEM

PUNJ ABSEX RATIO AT BIRTH

1998

NO. OF MALES PER 100 FEMALES123 AND BELOW124 - 128 (S.A.-126)129 - 133134 AND ABOVE

GanganagarHanumangarh

BikanerChuru

J hunjhunun

J aisalmer

SikarAlwar

J aipurJ odhpurBharatpurNagaur

Dausa

Ajmer

DhaulpurKarauli

Barmer

Sawai MadhopurTonk

Pali

Rajsamand

Bhilwara

J alor

Ajmer

Bundi

KotaSirohi

Baran

ChittaurgarhUdaipur

Chittaurgarh

J halawar

Dungarpur

Banswara

GanganagarHanumangarh

BikanerChuru

J hunjhunun

J aisalmer

SikarAlwar

J aipurJ odhpurBharatpurNagaur

Dausa

Ajmer

DhaulpurKarauli

Barmer

Sawai MadhopurTonk

Pali

Rajsamand

BhilwaraJ alor

Ajmer

Bundi

KotaSirohi

Baran

ChittaurgarhUdaipur

Chittaurgarh

J halawar

Dungarpur

BanswaraNO. OF MALES PER 100 FEMALES

120 AND BELOW121 - 125126 - 130131 AND ABOVE

2000 2001

Sex Ratio at Birth : Rajasthan

Other Interventions

National Campaign on Birth Certificates

Office of the Registrar General, India has launched campaign for

Improvement of Service Delivery

NATIONAL TARGETS

NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY 2000• 100 per cent registration of births, deaths,

marriages and pregnancies by 2010• Reduction of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) to below

30 per 1000 live births by 2010• Reduction of Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) to

below 100 per 100,000 live births by 2010

10th Five Year Plan has set monitorable targets on IMR and MMR consistent with the National Population Policy

Who are the stakeholders?

• Planning Commission – a step towards achieving the NPP 2000 targets

• Dept. of Women and Child Development – a step towards better compliance of the international commitments

• Dept. of Family Welfare – moving towards better data on demographic indicators

• Dept. of Education – better information on children

• Social Welfare and Tribal Affairs – Benefits SC/ST who are at the most disadvantaged even in getting birth certificates.

• And obviously the State Governments

Who benefits?

The beneficiaries include, • About 45 million girls• About 16 million Scheduled Castes

children• About 8 million Scheduled Tribes children

These are the groups who have lesser chance of the births getting registered and also having birth certificates. Any increase in awareness would have a cascading effect.

Plan of action for Child Rights Week - 14th to 20th November 2003

To be launched on 14th November 2003

The aim is to distribute about 10 crore Birth Certificates throughout the country

Initially children in the age group 0 to 9 years will be covered

Innovative Scheme in Tamil Nadu

• Cradles are kept in the Social Welfare Department offices of the State Government for receiving female babies from parents

• The babies are brought up by the State Government

• The scheme was introduced as part of a strategy to prevent probable infanticide

• Was started in 1992 by the Chief Minister during her first tenure

• Only Salem district has so far saved 302 female babies

Source: The Hindu : 1st October 2002

Sensitizing public through

publicity campaign

Publicity Item

Conceived, developed & issued by ORGI

Response & Actions to Census Findings

Government of Haryana

acts ..

Efforts by Punjab Government

NEW YEAR CARD


Special Logo


New Year’s Greeting Card


Publicity Poster

Am I alone in this crusade?

No.

The Government and the civilised

society is responding.

Slowly but surely.

JOIN ME

LET US RETURN THEIR SMILE …

For more information visit our website at:

http://www.censusindia.net/

Or generate maps at:

http://www.censusindiamaps.net/

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Mr RG MitraDeputy Registrar General (Census)

Dr RP SinghDeputy Registrar General (Map)

Mr C ChakravortyJoint Director

Data Dissemination

Mrs S PrasharJoint DirectorGender Cell

Mr Pooran SinghSenior Geographer

Map Division

Thanks

WELCOME Child Sex Ratio A SITUATION REPORT ON MISSING GIRL CHILD BASED ON CENSUS OF INDIA 2001...

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Transcript of WELCOME Child Sex Ratio A SITUATION REPORT ON MISSING GIRL CHILD BASED ON CENSUS OF INDIA 2001...