(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 1.

WEFT THREAD KNITTING LOOM,

No , 265,296. Patented Oct, 3, 1882,

R PETERS. P h ~ I ~ L ~ t b l ~ r n ~ l ~ o r . ~ a % h m i t ~ " . ~ D C

(No M o d e l . ) J. J, A D G A T E ,

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 . J m J, A D G A T E ,

ATTORNEY.

8 Sheets-Sheet 4. J , J, A D G A T E ,

WEFT THREAD KNITTING LOOM.

No. 265,296.

(No Model.)

No. 265,296,

8 Sheets-Sheet 5.

W E F T THREAD KNITTING LOOM,

c Patented O c t , 3, 1882.

WITNESSES :

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 6. J , J, A D G A T E ,

WEFT THREAD KNITTING LOOM,

No, 265,296, - Patented Oct, 3, 1882,

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 . J, J, ADGATE.

WEFT THREAD KNITTING LOOM,

No. 265,296, Patented Oct, 3, 1882.

WITNESSES : c Lwd-

-

N PETERS. dholollnolnphOr W*.h,"#Oi' 0. C

( N o Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 8. J , J. A D G A T E ,

W E F T THREAD KNITTING LOOM.

N. PETERS. Phd-Llkhopnph.r. Yia~!~rn~lon. O C

J O S E P H J. A D G A T E , O F N E I V P O R K , N. P.

WEFT-THREAD KNITTING-LOOM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 265,296, dated October 3, 1882.

Application file& Jnly 20, 1881. (Xo model.)

To all zo1~o~)z i t ~l~ccy co~zcer~z: Be i t known that I, JOSEPH J. ADGATE, of

Nrw York city, Nen~York, have inrented anew and useful Improvement in Weft-Threacl Kuit-

5 ting-Looms, of which the following is a speci- fication.

My i~lvention consists, first, in an improved tlrread-standard aucl thread-guides; second, in an irnproved stop-motion mechanism ; third, in

r an improved take-up device; fourth, in an im- prored cloth - guide in connection with the take-up mechauism, all snbstantit l l l~ as here- inilfter set forth.

My invention will be hereinafter described in r g conuection with other ~nechanism of the ma-

chine, and is illustrated ill tlie acco~npauging drawings, in mhich-

Figure 1 is a side view of the loom ready for use,with the n e e d l ~ s in place and yarn snp-

20 plied from bobbins, shoming the cloth after it leaves the cyliniler, and an end view of the take-up mechanism. Fig. 2 is a sectional side view of the looln on the line x x of Pig. 3, show- ing the cloth on the inside of the cylinder held

25 in position by theadjnsting cloth-guide W as i t leaves the cylincler on its wag to the talie.up. Fig. 3 is a top view of tlie loom. Pig. 4 is an end view of a part detached. Fig. 5 is a side riew of the loom with the cam-cylinder re-

30 nioved and a portion of the ring C, table A, cylinder B, and take.np cnt an7ay so as to rep- resent portions thereof in section, showing the cylindrical holes in the ring C, and the corre- spondiug holes in the cylinder B1, in l ~ h i c h

35 the pin ?zl of the stopping device operates, and the manner in which the pinion engages the

.cogs on the flange a t the bottom of the cylin- der E, with a sideviem of the take-up mechan- ism, and the nleaus of iuserting and securing

40 the plates wliich form the nerdle,channels; also, the bent nletal rod 21', which serves as a liaucl-lever to turn the hand-wheel zc. Fig. G is a perspective view of the cam-cylinder,with the gates for inserting the needles shown in

45 place therein. Fig. 7 i s a perspective and plan view of the gate removed froru the cam. Fig. 8 is a sectiol~al view of a portion of the table, the cylilider B, the ring O, and tlie cam- cylinders B f , showing the mannerin which the

50 several parts are secured together, and the relative position of the plates b3 b4, and the needles and stopping clerice, and the meaus of

acljnsting the stitch and concluctingthe threacl from the bobbins to the needles. Fig. 9 is a side riew of the keg which secures the plates 55 b3 and b4 i11 place after their insertion in the groove of the cylinder HI. Fig. 10 is a top riew of a part of the loo~n, showing the staurl- ard H in section, as a t the line x x, Fig. 5. Pig. 11 is a top view of the cross-bar on the Go th~ead-guide standard, showing the slotted lioles for receiving the thread ; Fig. 12, a vien~ corresponding to that in Fig. 11, but showing also a spring or spriugs for prerenting the thread from gettingontof place when the loom 65 is in operatiou ; Fig. 13, a section of the threatl- guifle and clamp on tlie standard, showing the method of adjustment by means of a tapering hole arid set-screw ; Fig. 14, side views of plates marked b3 aucl b" Fig. 15, sitle views of diC 7 0 ferent forms of ~ieedles used in the machine ; Fig. 16, a view iu section showing a modifiecl form of the neeclles and the means for lockiug the cylinder 15 to the fixed ring C, and other parts designated by letters and hereinafter de- 75 scribed. Fig. 17 is a view of the right side of the fabric niade on the loon1 with the needles set in the following order, begilir~iug on the left hand : first, a straight needle, 1; seconcl, a croolred needle, 1 2, showing the front threacl 80 taken with th.e rear or locking thread; third, a straight neeclle, 1; fourth andfifth, crookerl needles; sixth and seventh, straight needles; eighth and ninth, crookecl neeclles; tenth and eleventh, straight needles; and twelfth, crooked 85 needles. Fig. 18 is a view of the "wrong" side of the fabric, showing the resalt of the same order of settiug the neeclles and the quantity of fabric made by one revolution of the cyllncler and two stitches on thenext revo- go lution. The white line 1 represents a white front threacl. The hatched line 2 represents a white rear or lockiug thread, ancl the black line 3 represents one colorecl front thread osed with the nineteen white ones. The fabric is 95 represented as very open, tila width of the stripe from A to B ou Fig. 17 being, when closely knitted, abont fire-eighths of an i~ich. Fig. 19 is a plan vle\17 of the bobbin-shelf and fastenings, showing the legs in section, and roo the pins which llolcl the bobbins, with dotted lines representing the plates which secure the shelf to the legs of the table. Fig. 20 is a view of the bottom of the same, showing the plates

and their corrnections wit11 tlte legs,n~hiclt are sl~omu in section.

Thesamelettersrefer tosimilar1)ar t s tltrongh- out the several vietvs.

5 I will nonr 1)roceecl to describe the ~nacl~ilre as follows:

Tlte frame consistsof a table, A,n~ai leofcast- iron or o t l~er snitable material, supported by legs A1, \vliicll legs iL1 are also p r o ~ ~ l d c d with

K O feet A'" whicl~ ntay be fi~steuetl to the floor by bolts, scre\vs, brackets, or other snitable me:%fls. The legs A' are also provicled mitlt a shelf or ~)l:~tforln, A", on n71rich tlrc bobbins t l ~ a t sup- 111y tlte jar11 are placed, ~ L I I I I I ~ I I ~ loosely 011

I 5 stucls or pins (2, \\lhich project abore the snr- filee of tbe sltelf alttl correspoud in nnmber witli tllo number of threads to be ased in the cloth to be made. Tlre shelf A? is p l~fer :~bly of' wooil, autl is co~rstrncted in t111ee l)arts, be-

2 0 ing sectio~is of a flatteired riug, ~ v i t l ~ close-fit- tilrg j o~n t s 01)l)osite the ceuters of the legs Af of the fran~e, alrd joined together by being bolted or secu~ed to iron 1)l;rtes n , Iravi~rg tlreir inner e~tils in tlte form of bolts, n ~ l ~ i c l ~ are

25 seC"e\recl into lroles in the legs lil; or they may pass throng11 the holes in the legs and be se- cured ou tlre iuller suiface of the legs by means of nuts. The outer edge ot tlte table is pierced mitlr as n~al iys~nal l holesnf as there are threads

30 to be nsecl on the loom. 111 the center of the table A, in a circ~llar

I~ole, is placetl a cyliuder nlacle of cast-iron, t l ~ e circn~ntereuce of which is equal to the nriclth of clot11 to be made on the looln. l'lris eylincler

35 consists of two parts, one part, B, esteudi~tg Oelotv tlie table, i ts lo~ver eclge beilrg Flanged :111cl prcvicled with cogs, and its npper edge corn- i ~ ~ g up to the lower srirbce of t l ~ e table. Tlre otlier part, B1, extcltcls above the table ancl

40 rests on the edge of' the table ac!jaceut to the circular hole i l l which the cylit~der rcrolves, having a flange, b, which eute~rds do\\rn and into tlre upper polti011 of part B, to which i t is firmlxfixetl byineansof the boltsJ1. Theouter

4 5 opl)osite surtnces or sides of the cylincler U1 are ~nacle 1)arallel :~ud turned to s true circle, being 1)roviclccl aro~urd its circn~lrfere~ice with a clore- tailed grool-e or depression, b2, for receiring the plates b' autl b4, w l~ i c l~ constitute tlre chall-

50 nels In \.r.lricll the lleedles play. T1renpl)er yor- tiou of the cyliniler rests ancl t i ir~rs 011 the flat surface of the table A, as see11 in Fig. 8. I t nray, however, if desired, be constructeel a t tlre point of contact in the form of a V, with a cor-

5 j responcli~rg groove in the upper si~rface of the edge of the table, by which rneaus the cylinder \\ill be niade to nlo\Te Illore accuretelg iu its revolutiolrs, allel w ~ l l the more easily be liept ~)roperly lubric:ited, tlte chaunel fornling ;t xes-

60 elvoirfor the oil. 0 1 1 the lower partof thiscyl- i ~ ~ d e r is a line of holes, cL, near together, slid estencling around the \vl~ole circumference of the cylinder, as see11 a t B3 ill Fig. 5 . The con- struction of the cxliuder as above clescribecl i s

65 not herein claimed. Upon t l ~ e top of the table A, and outside of

tlte eylinclcr I:', is affisecl firnlly by bolts c a solicl iron ring, C, turned to match the cj-li~~tler I:', and placecl as close to i t as possible ~ i t l l - out impact. In the ring C! are two l~oles, cf, 7 0 uniler each h@ading on the looul.

Upon the outer snrfilcc of the cyliuder Ill, niid a t right angles to an11 fitted in t l ~ e clorcl- t;~ilecl groove bZ, is affisetl :in :~l,ntnient-bar, I) , ~ n a d e of steel, by bolting or ril-eti~rg i t fi1.1111.v 75 to the cg-ii~~iler, projecti~rg ::~l)ont one f'ourtl~ of an inell begone1 the outer snl f:rcc 01. circr~~nf'er- enceof the cylil~rler, : L I I ~ l~t:ingal)out O I I ~ fi)ni tlr of an inoh ill tlriokness, more or less, aeco~xling to tile size of tlre loo~n. S o

Plates of steel 0 ' wntl 1)' a te constrnctctl of the proper t,l~icliriess to rn;llte clrannt.ls for tho needles, a~rcl about tl11c1e irrctlc.~ in le~lgtll, 11 it11 o~reedg'ilovetailcd rrear both c~rtls t o ~ n n t c l ~ tlrc clox*etailetl groove bL i r ~ the cyll~rclcr 1:'. 1I;ilf' 8 j of tltese plates 6' are uratle ot a witltl~ to c:lnse them,\\?hen in place, topiqjcct ;rOr)ut one-fou1~t11 of an inch, tlte same as t l ~ c nb~~t~nelrt-l): lr 1). The otlter l~alf', b3, are rnatle :tl)oat one-ciglltlt of an inch lrarron.el., care beillg t : i l<c~~ to Irave go the 131;~tes 6"f the proper t l ~ i c l i ~ r ~ s s to rrgu- lntc the closeness of the fabi>ic ml~ic l~ is dcsi~,tbtl to be l~iacle on tlte loo~rr, : L I I ~ also to 11;~ro t 1 1 ~ 1)lates b ' of snclr tlr~cliuess ns to nralce tlrc: nee- dle-chauncl of the proper ~ \~ i t l t h to fit tlre nee- 95

, dles to be usetl. I t will be observccl tllat tl~c? n~iclth of the ~tccdle-ch.z~~~rr l m i l l tleptx~rtl 011 t l ~ o thicliness of the narrow platcls bl, ant1 tl1:rt tlro spaces Octn-ec?n tire lreetlles will be ~-cgl~l:itc~l bx the tltiol;ness of the wide ~ ) l ; ~ t e s 1)'. 'l'i~c.se IOO plates are plnccd in tlie t1oret:~ilecl g~oovc:! b2- f i ~ s t a ~ ~ a r ~ o w o n e , b2, anti tlren a~r~t leor re , b1,:1~~tl so o ~ t alternatc~ly-ant1 111~ive11 li181nly agnitrut the :~bnt i i le~~t- l ) :~r 1) n~l t i l the wltole clrcrilrrtrr- ence of the cglintlcr is snpplictl, tlto 1:ist O I I ~ 105 bei11g driven in fir~ill,)~ a t the O ~ ~ I I ~ I I ~ I)', :LII(I secured in place by 111ea11s of the I,ey tl . 'l'lro side plates, b', n7bicIr for111 tlle fln~lgcs or t l ~ v ~ s - ions between t l ~ e ~tretlle-clr:~~lnclr, ;ire ~ t ~ a t l e sqlinre a t the top, alril of a nritltl~ sullicielrt to I ro fol.in a siipport for tile sti tcl~es \\rl~cn the ~rctl- tiles descenil, ancl tlliis assist ill cashng off tile stitches. l1lrey ni:ry, Irowerer, if tlesirecl, llo narroivecl clo\ru to any tlesiretl \vitltli \\111cl1 will acco~uplislr t l ~ i s pnll)ose. Tlle 1c11gtl1 of the I r 5 plates 6' :~nd bi is regnlatetl by t l ~ e size of tl~ch loo~n. The top mnst corne 111) i111sh wit11 t l ~ c top of the cyli~ttler I:', alrcl tlte bottom c x t c ~ ~ t t domu nearly to the top of the ring C, leaving, llo\~rever, a s~ua l l space betwee~r tlretn : t ~ r t l the r z o ring to avoid f'rict~olt ant1 to receire any ltiece of br-oken needle or foreign matter tlr:~t In:ry pass do~vn t l~ro~lgl l tlre ncetlle-chan~rel. Tlre abutment-bar I) is left witltout cha~rncls, a~l t l serves to marl< the proper place fbr cu t t i~ lg tltc I 25 Icnrttecl web of clotl~, arrd to ~nal;e o sclvage when the ciotli is f'ulled aud dresseil; but, if desired, i t may be chanuelecl tor neetlles alrtl made uniform wit11 tlle b:rlance of tlle c ~ l ~ u c l ~ r . Ou the ootsiile of the cyliucler B1, wlren so corn- I 30 pleted, is l~laced a cam-cylinder, E, wltiol~ is

, attached to the ring C: by lneans of tlre bolts tJ

passing tllrongll the lugs e' and e$ and secured by the nut c?.

On the inner side of the cam-cglinder E is constri~cted a cam-groove, e3, extencling around

5 the eutlre circ~llnterer~ce of the cylinder, as fol- lows: Tlie snrface IS dividecl into ten ecl~lal sections, e:lch s e c t i o ~ ~ to be the location'of a 11eadi11g which is to supply a wefl ancl a rear or 10clii11g thread to the fabric to be Bnitteil

10 ou tlie loom. A plate of steel, F, is prepared, about an e ~ g l ~ t h ot illoil in thlclrness, curved or beut so as to fit the inner surface of the cyl- inder, and acl.justing tlie lower edge to the lower edge of tlie sectiou. The upper eclge is

I; cut or folmetl as follows: A t one enc1,J'; the upper edge ot' the plate is abont 111idway of the lle~ght of the section, exteuding parallel mith the top of the sectiou a short distance, the u~easu~~ement beiug such that when the knee

20 of the needla-shank rests thereon the top or hool< of the ~ ~ e e d l e will be high enough above the top of the cylinder B1 to hare clearetl the latch h o ~ u the loop snrrounrling the neeclle. I t the11 rises a t J" OLI a grac1u:ll incliue until the

25 1)otnt f2 is reacbecl, where tile top of a neeclle so plnced will be abont one inch above the top of the cylincler B1, or high enongh to allow the bencl i r ~ the crooked needle V' to be free from impact with the cyl~ncler and to free all the

I 30 latcl~es fro111 the eucircling loop. It then re- surrles its l lor~~ontill course along the cam-race until it arrives :it the point f", or abont one and a half inch, mheu it clesceucls 011 an i r~c l~ne 111ltil i t rraches the poiutfi , where the top of

35 the needle so l~laceil will be erlough below the top of the cglincler El to free it from the loop n711icll W:LS ~ i l ~ l ~ e d by the stitch taker1 in the needle-liooli a t tile last heacl~ng. It the11 runs again on an ~nclllie nut11 it reaches the exact

40 he~ght from tile loner cclge of the plate (incli- cttted by j" :at which tlie line was started from the other etld of the plate, when it resuules its l~or~zontal course to the eucl of the plate. An- other s11:11li~r plate, F1, 1s l)rel)i~re(l, ~ i t h its

45 lon8eredge corresj~oncliugexactly in shtlpe with the upper edge of the plate 17. These plates are tixecl to the i ~ ~ n e r sarf'ace of the section of tl~ecam-cyliutlerE,by n~eausofscre~vsd,atsuch a distance apart as to make a proper cam-race,

50 eJ. Each section being supplied mith similar l~lates, a coutir~uons cam-race is forme(1 aronucl tl~eent~recircumferenceof theinsic1eofthecttn1- cylirlder 3:. The cam-race may be carried, if tlesiretl, from the point, j'5 on the ~ncliue up to

55 a height eqlial to the l~ighestpoint, fZ, arid the plates nlay be cast of steel and fitted to the cylinder; or they may be struck out of a steel plate of n proper tlliclrness by Ineatis of dies in t lle ordinary manner, or by a (lie so arranged

G O that a single plate nlay be cut in two parts on tile cam-liue, one pal t being nsed for the up- I)er and the other for the lower plate of tlie section, the space between them coustitut~ng the cam race; or, if clesired, the sectio~is may

65 be macle lor~ger aucl inclacle two or Inore head- iugs of the loom in one section.

When the cam-plates are adj~lsted and fixed to the cylinder, at intervals arourld the same sliding gates Q are placed, abont three-fourths of an iuch in wiclth, with beveled edges, ex- 7~ tending frotn the top of the cam-plates don711 to the dam-race, which gates may be removed ancl r(lplaced, as clesired, for the pnrpose of placing, removing, ar~tl replacing the needles. The gates G are ylncecl on that portion of the 75 cam whcre the caul-race runs parallel with the top of the cylincler, so as to a r o ~ d any clanger of its interfering with the action of the neeclles wheu the loo111 is i : ~ operatiou, aud also that i t may be accessible between the heaclings. 8 o

I affix to the top of the ca~n-cylincler, a t the poiut where the ut~etlltls are h~ghest, a rod or standard, H, about ten inches ill length, by ill-

serting it into a l~ole in the cam-cylincler aucl secoring it by it set-screw, 7 ~ . On the top of 85 this rod is a cross-bar, Id, haviug a t each encl a s~na l l slottetl bole: K , to receive the yarn. The cross-bar 7h1 map, if clesirecl, be supplietl with n apriug, h?, as seeu in Fig. 12, io prevel~t the yarn from escal) i~~g therefrom.

On the rod H, I place two slicliug c l i t~ l~ l )~ , I 9 O

ant1 11, by passiug the rod through a hole in theclamps jnst large euongh to allow tbeclaiop to slide u p ant1 down freely, and the clamp is secnred at any desired poiut by means ot the 95 set-screw i. To each of these clamps, as shown in Figs. S and 13, is attached a wire formed a t the end illto a, hook, il, properly arranged to carr.7 the yarn aud guide tt to the hooks of the needles. The lloles through the clamps 1 and 100

I1are tapering-that is, rnadelarger a t one encl than a t the other, as seen in Pig. 13-so as to allow collsiclerable change of position of tlie hook nlithont rnovirlg the clarnl) on the rod E l . The bodies of the clarnps I autl I' are pro\-idell 1c5 with projectionsi2, having in them slotted holes tl~rongh which the yani is passed before going to the thread-guide il.

A t the right of the stautliartl H is afisetl iri the cam-cplintler E, by means of the set-screw I , o kl, a crank-shaped stauclard, IC, having an arm, k , made of small elastic wire, extenclir~g behint1 the sta~ldilrcl H and alollg tile side of the nee- dles, as a latch-guard to 1)revent the la~ches of the needles from flying a p wheu t l ~ e loop of the I I 5 yarn s l ~ p s troni them. This guartl is tnacle of small elastic wire, wllicli will bencl so c~asily as not to i~~ j i l r e the latch by contact. bat be of sufficient resistance to cause tile l:~tcll, rnl~en striklug it, to resume its penclent l)osition, the 1 2 0 crank of the steudard allowii~g cousiclen~ble margin in the distauce a t which the guarcl call be placed from the needles by sioiply tnruing the stanclarcl in the hole in which it is secure11 by the set-screw k'. The craolr-stanclarcl also 125 e ~ ~ a b l e s one, In corlnection with bending the wire guarcls, to set t l~err~ in ally desiretl 1tos1- tion rcaclilg. Still f~ i r t l~e r to the right of the standnrtl H, to the cam-cglinclr?r E, by Illearis of a set-screw, I , passing through a slot, is af- 130 fixecl a cloth-presser, L, consisting of a plate of steel so bent as to pass over, above, and be-

In operation, when the cylillder B is stopped suddenly by the stopping device the addi- tional force which is thrown upon the stnil s1 causes the incl i~~ed stud dl to force it back-

5 ward, carrying with i t the sleeve Q1, ancl thus automatically releasing the clutch of the pol- ley auil allowing it to torn freely without im- parting any motior~ to the 100111 until the sleeve Q1 is again n~oved toward tlle disk PI by the

10 lever to3 fbrcing the segments p1 outward arlcl engaging the pulley sufficiently to agaiu clutch the pulley ancl put the loom in motion.

For the purpose of taking up and minding in con~pact form the cloth as fast as i t is made

15 and a t the same tirue giring the proper ten- sion to tlle cloth a t the needles, I attach to the bottom of the cylinder E, by the screm- bolts r: a frame made of wrougllt-iron, and con- sisting of two broad bars, R R, exteuding

zo do\vn\vard nearly to the floor, then turning a t right angles, ancl tneeting a t the center 111, where they are halved and firmly fixed to- gether by means of screws. By this nlauner of construction the whole frame can be taken

25 apart and relnoredwith ease; or by removing the screw a t It1 and loosening one of the bolts r the rollers S and S1 can be remo~ecl and re- placecl without difficulty.

A t the lower end of the frame I place two 30 friction-rollers, S and S1, placed one above tlie

other, having bearings in the bars R R', and being coated with emery or otherwise rough- ened on the surface to cause them to engage the cloth sharply. The lower roller, S1, is so

35 arranged in a slotted bearing that by nlearis of the movable blo(:lis or plates s it can be raised or loweretl a t ~)lcasore aucl secured in the clesired position by the set-screw st.

To each of the bars R R, I attach an iron 40 plate, T, extending fro111 abovc! the roller S to

nearly half-ray to the iron rods r', a n ~ l pro- jecting on one side beyond the edge of the ber R, ant1 providecl with a flange, t2, which, with the edge of the bar E, makes a groove, t', ~ l l i c h

45 is open a t tile top. In the grooves t1 tl, I glace the encls of a rod,

U, constructecl of iron or other heavy mate- rial, which is allowed to slide domu in the grooves, ancl is provided mith a boxing on

50 wliich is rolled t l ~ e clot11 to rest on the top of the roller S, and is not confiued ~erticallyabovt~, but is allomecl to rise np as the cloth-roll i n - creases, until i t is rtlady to be removed froru the loom, which is clone by cutting the cloth

55 a11d ra~sittg the roll until tlle cntls of the rot1 U are lemored from the tops of the grooves t1 tl. The rod U,except its jonrnaled entls, which tnrn ancl slide in the groores t1 tl, may be made square and boxed mith straw-1)oarcl or other

60 suitable material in such manner that it can- riot turn in the boxing, ljnt call be easily with- drawn endwise therefrom. The said boxing sl~oold be 111acle cyliuclrical, in order that the web rolled thereon shall hare a cylind~ical

65 form and press ever~ly on the roller S below. I t is used for the purpose of removing the web

I from the rocl when thesaicl web is large enough to remove from the loom. One end of the jour- nal of the roller S passes through a hole in the end of tlie arrn J, aud then through a bearing in go the barR, and then through a ratchet-wheel, J1, to which i t is rigidly fixed, as also to a crank- wheel, 21, on its outer end, mhich is provided with holes in its outcr edge, i r~to which the hand-lever zsl ruay I)e inserted for the purpose 75 of Inore easily tightening the cloth-roll when desired.

To the outer e i d of the arm J is pivoted a rod, Y, which passes up through a guide-link, Y1, which is firmly riveted to the bar R, anci So extends upward through another guide-linlr, 21, also fixed to the bar E, to a point a little below the lower sicle of the table A, where its upper end terminates in a pivoted roller, t. On the pivot mhich attaches the rocl Y to the arm 85 J is placed a pawl, y, which engages the ratch- et-wheel J 1 on its upper side.

To the barE,directly over the ratchet-wheel J1, is pivotecl another pawl, X , which engages the ratchet-wheel on its side opposite to the go arrn J.

On the rod Y, near its npl)er end, is placed a collar, yl, which can be moved up or down and fastened with a set-scre~v, y2. Around the roc1 Y is placed a helical spring, TI, mhich rests 95 on the guide-link Y1 a t its lower eud, being held in place a t its upper end and its tension regulated by tbe collar yl, which is adjustable by means of the set-screw y2. Above the col- lar ?/I is auotl~er adj~istable collar, y3, ~ h i c h , ros being firmly fixed to the rod Y by its set-screw y" \when forced up by the action of the spring TI impiuges on the guide-link Z and limits the portion of the rocl Y mhich extencls above the guide-link 8, thereby atlj nsting tile piootecl 105 wheel -1 to ellgage tho inclined stutls Z! a t a greater or less distal~ce from their lower ex- tremity, as lnay be desired to regulate the ao- tion of the paw1 y.

0 1 1 the u ~ ~ d e r side of the table A, at equal IIO clistances apart, are placed, in the lirle of the pivoted roller t, fourstucls,Z1, with inclined sur- faces, against which the pivotecl roller t strikes when tile loon1 is in operation.

A greater or less nounber of stutls Z1 Z' may I 15 be used, according to the size of the loom, or other controlling clrcnmstauces.

The needles V ant1 V1 are constructecl of or- dinary steel wire of the best quality, as fol- lors: On the top is a hoolr, v ,w~th a latch, 2,'. 12a Below the shaft v2 is bent or bored oat a t v?, so as to prevent tlre needle from tarni l~g in the needle-channel, below which it is bent a t right angles, and the wire theu turned back upon itself, forniing a knee-like prqjection, X, to en- 125 gage the wall of the cazn-race, then bent again a t right angles in a line with the shaft v2 above the knee, auil again tarnecl back upou itself x nearlx u p to tile knee X, thereby making an additional beariug to prevent its torning in 130 the channel. The needle V is constructecl with the shaft straight from the bend or bow

v3 to the hook v. The lleeclle V' has the shaft u2 straight from the bend or bow v1 up to the poiut 02, about half an inch below the hoolc v, \vhero i t bencls backmarcl aucl then ~ 1 ) ~ a r d , SO as to throw tlre hook v out of a vertical line ill the rear toward the inner surface of the nee- dle-cylinder abont a quarter of a11 inch. Tliis co~lstrnction of neetlle cloes away with the ne- cessity of a jack, with its projection, to actin the cam-race, ancl also with the nutlesirable feature of soldering, n h i c l ~ te~lcls to \~~ealien and injure the neeclles, aucl gives the desired length autl streugth w t h a good lateral bear- iug in the needle-channel, with the best possi- ble lrnec? to engage the cam, and all iu o~ re piece, which adds to the economy, strength, autl darab~li tg of the neeclle.

For tlre purpose of Iceepiug the cloth in prol)er slrape wllerr it leal es the needles and guiding i t to the cloth-roll U, I c o ~ ~ s t r ~ i c t an acljustir~g cloth-gnicle co~rsistiug of a ring of irou wire, JV, a little less in cliauleter t l ~ a u tlre irisicle of tlre cj.linder B', with n bail-like appeudage, w, mlrich I place within the cglin- cler after the cloth has bceu passecl down be- tween tlie rods 1.' ?.', with the ring TIT resting on the cloth below :he needles, and the bail- like appendage on or above the rods 9.' 9.' for t l ~ e purposeof slweadiug autl guiding the clot11 on its way to tlle cloth roll U.

For the purpose of regn1;ttiog the length of the stitclr the bolt t3 is used for an ailjusting- screw, by wl~ich the cam-cyliuder E can be raised or lo \~ered a t pleasure, as seen in Pig. S. The l omer i~~g of' the carn-cylincler carries wit11 i t tlre needles, so that wheu the needle, Iraring seized tlre garn, is a t the point where the previonslg-tdlcen loop is cast oft', the yaru is d ~ a w n ~ I O \ V I I , SO as to forin a longer stitch t b a l ~ n-lren the cam-cglincler is higher, and the ~leeclles cousequeutl~- not clrawn so lo\v. T l i~ee of tllesc acljnsting-screws t7 are l)ro~~itlecl, 81- though the co~istrilctiou is not limited to any lm~ticular n~ullbcr, as a loom of large dia~ne- ter \\.ill require illore of these adjosti~~g-sere\\ s t11:~n oue of small dia~uoter. The adjusting- screw 1 : 1s constructeel i ~ s follo~vs : Tl~roagh the lug e' of the riug C is a hole pr~ \~ idec l u7it,h :I screw-thl8eatl, i11 wl~icll hole is Littecl tlre bcre~v-bolt t', the upper eud of j~lrich is sri~aller and passes through a smaller hole in the log e"f t l ~ e cam-cglinder, whicI1 i t fits sl~ngly. The bolt t' is t~wned clown a t the upper entl, \\.llere i t passes through t l ~ e lug c4, leaviug a slroulder on mhicll the lrlg e"ests, the sl~lallor 1)ortiolr passing up througl~ the lag e4, where the caul-cylinder is ~ecurc(1 in place by the rut d. When the bolt tJ is turned u p tlre shouider carries up the c~lirrtler E, ancl \vl~en i t is tnmed do\ru the c j lindrr I3 is lowereel correspo~rdingly.

To tlre r i ~ i g O, a t equal ~listances betweell t l ~ e bolts i', is fixed a metal plate by s c ~ , e \ ~ i n g i t fir1111y to the ring C, and tl~rougll this plate areillsertecl thescr t~\~~sa ' , n?hichexteiicl tl~roligh and project on the inside, so that they may be

pressecl against tlie iuner surf~lce of the caul- cylinder f'or the purpose of a(lsjnsting it antl causing the needle-cylincler to revolve a t ei~n:ll distallees f'i.0111 its inuer snrfi~ce a t all 1)oirlt.;. 7 0 This is acconlplishecl by tt11'11i11g t l~cse ~ : r e \ v s c"n\rarcl or outward u~rtil the space bet\vec~i the two cyli~rclers is equal 011 all sicles.

The operation of the 1oo111 ir; as f'ollo\vs: Tllo parts 11ari11g bee11 properly nilj astetl, the nila- 75 clles placed iu tlre ~~eedle-chamber : ~ l t c ~ ~ ~ r ; l t ~ i y , first a straight rrecclle, V, and t l ~ c ~ r a u~,ool;c.tl needle, V', mibl~ tlie I ;~~ees S lestir~g i l l the cam-race, the gates replacetl, the bobbills oL yarn (twenty in number) l)lacccl OII tile stuils So for their recel)tiou, alternating one of \\eft :~ud oue of loclii~lg thread, each yarn b e i ~ ~ g pirsscil tlrrough its guicle-holes, first i l l the edge of t 1 1 ~ table, then in the cross-bar li', tl1c11 tlirouglr the slottecl project io~~s ~ % I I the cl:~rr~l)s I :111(1 Sg I/, (shown in Figs. 13 aucl 8,) a r ~ d the11 t l~ rong l~ the thread-guide i to the fabric i n rc:~ch of the proper neeclle-hooli v, and the fB bric c:~~.r.icvl tlown between the rods i).' 1.') al to~l~l( l t 1 1 ~ r o l l ~ ~ r S, betoreen tlrat ant1 tlre roller S', a ~ o ~ i ~ ~ t l thr~t , 90 mid the11 attaclrecl to the cloth-roc1 U, ant1 the b L ta l ie- i~l)~~luechanis~nadj~isted so tl1:~t tlle pi\-- otecl roller t ~vill strike the irlcli~retl stntls %' ;rt the proper height, ~ n c l t11e lrelical s p ~ i u g 'l" I e supplied with the proper te~lsion, and t l ~ e :c t l - g j justirlg cloth -guide IV h:tri~rg been pl,~c.etl nritl~in the knitted fabric r e s t i ~ ~ g bcttvc>ci~ :11rd npoii the rods 1.' TI, ancl the hook 9n"of the stopping clerice being placccl on the yarn :lr~tl the power al)pl~ecl to the 1:ulley Ck by nrealrs of I C O

the lever rci, the pinion P e~rg:r,nes the cogs EL on the cyli~ider C , thereby t~u l~ i r rg t l ~ e c g l ~ ~ r d c r C' from lefc to light, c a r ~ g i l ~ g tlie ueoilles wit11 it, nrh~cb, fo11o\~i11g tlle tl~rectior~ of tllcx caul- race e2, i r ~ 1vh1c11 tllciir krrecs eog~lge the calrt, '"5 rise u p iu the needle-clr:~o~~els above the to[) of the cylinder C', the nec>dles V s t a~ rc l i~~g pcr- peuclicular, aud the l~eetlles Lr', Irn\-iug t Ite 1)1 o- jectiug bc~rtl, elisengaged f ro~n iu~pnct wit11 tl~r: back i\~:rll of the needle-cliaunel as they pitss r 10

before tlle standaril II, fit11 b:lck i l l il Illre x\)onL a, q a a ~ t e r of a11 i l~ch in the i.ib:Lr of the top of tho necilles \r. The ;)-art1 1\~11ich passes t l~ roug l~ theslotted 1)rojectious iorr tlre cliiurl) I' a t each heading is delirered by the t11re;ld-guide at- I r tachecl thereto between tlre two cliricletl lines of ireeclles ancl constitutes the weft-tllrend, \vhile.tlre y:~rn which passes tl~rongll the .slot- ted 1wojections i on the clamp I at, each hcatl- ing is delivered by the thread-gnicle :~tt;tcl~etl I 2 s

thereto ill frout of the f 'r-o~~t rollT of r~eeclles autl coustitntes tl~elocking-threiltl oftlre t'ab~ic. As tlre needles pass the I~endings, t l ~ e lntcl~rs being ~ I O \ \ ~ I I , they descend, i ~ n d the h001i~ oi ' t l~i? Srout needlcs seize thelockillg-thread n~~dc i l r ry 1 2 ;

i t down with thein,n~I~ile tlie ~ ~ e e d l e s of'tlre ic:tr line, as the bencl oL colrles irr cout:lct wit11 tlre b'lclr \call of the nccille-oha1111e1, Itlove Sor\v:~rtl :u~cl seize the re:rlX or weft tlrreatl, antl, co~l~irrg illto line with the front iicedles, seize the loel\- 130 ing-thread also, antl both go dom~r below t l ~ e top of the cyliailer El. As they descerrcl tlre

tops of the plates b4 prevent the fabric from descending with them, ancl the loop which is nlreatly around the shaft of t,he neeclles below the latches is tlrawn np, closing the latch upon

5 the 11ook and holding the stitch just taker1 un- til the rising loop is cast off, ancl by the tension of t l ~ e Bnitted fabric, prodaced by the action of tlie take-up, drawn backsnfficientlytoallow the needle to rise withont again passing through it.

ro The needle the11 rises, forcing itself through the loop formed by the stitch i t holcls in its 11001~ uutil the latch is freed from the loop, be- ing assisted in the operation by the clown~~ard tension of the fabric and by the action of the

r j clotll-presser E, under which i t passes, and by which i t is held clown \vhile the neeille rises to the proper height. At this poinr, the latch- guard 1~ is placed, :lnd if the latch flies np, as sometimes happens, it strikes against the elas-

2 0 tic wire and talls back to its pe~ideiit position as the neeclle again rises at that heading to re- peat the action above described. This opera- tion is repeated a t each heading, ancl when the ueeclle-cylinder has wade a full revo-

25 lution the ten weft and ten locking threacls have been incorporated in the knitted fabric so closely and intricately ir~terlacecl that when the fabric is properly finished ravelillg is im- possible.

30 If, (luring the operatiOn, from a veak spot, knot, or burr in the yarn, or from any other cause, one of the threads of the yarn shoulcl part, tlie upper encl of tlie lever M, through which it passes, becomes diseugagecl and the

3 j weight of the cup O causes it to fall back, thus forcing the rod n' into the hole cZ whicli hap- pens to be before it, instantly s to~ll~iug the mo- tion of the cyliuder B, and by the increasetl resistar~ce of the pulley ca~rsiug the incliuecl

40 stads d1 to force the stud s2 backward, t h ~ ~ s releasing the clutch of the sPgments 23l up011 the puller Q arid allowing the pulley Q to re- volve withont communicating ~notiori to the loom, thereby releasing the loom from strain

..5 and pressure anti1 the brolieu yarn is repaired, mlleu a movement of the lever 1qr3 again ap- 1)lies the power, and the ol>eratiot~ is resunled, as before.

If the stitch is too long, it nlay be shortened 50 by raising the cam-cylit~tler by means of the

screws t 3 ; or it may be lengthened to any prac- tical degree by lowering the cam-cjlincler by the same weans.

If a thinuer or less closely Bnittecl fabric is 5 5 desired, tlie side plates, bJ, arereplaced by thiclc-

er plates of the same construction, t h ~ l s less- er~iug the nnrn1)er of needles in a heading, but retaining the same needles ancl the same rridth of needle-channel.

Go If a coarser or heavier f>~bric is desired, a larger or lower-gage needle sho~ilcl be used, and the narrow plates b3 shonld be repiacetl by thicker ones, to correspond with the lower- gage needles.

65 It will be observed that by the use of col- ored yarn and a different arrangement of the

colors a great variety of patterns can be ob- tained, lirnited only by the di£fereut combina- tions to be nrade with the twenty threads eu- tering into the fabric. 7c

I t will also be observecl that as the crookerl aud straight neeclles can be alternated iu many ways, as singly, or bx twos, or threes, or in ir- r e g u l : ~ s~iccession, a great rariet.7 of styles can be made on the loom by silnl)ly changing 75 the order of the needles.

I t will also be observecl that there is no limit to the ~ridtli of goocts that may be marle on . this loom, a loo~u one foot in cl~ametcr maliing cloth one yard in width, a loom three feet iu 80 diameter makiug cloth three yarcls it1 width, au(2 so on to any practical size ancl cap:acity.

It mill also be obserretl that more than two threacls can be put in a t a heading, as t v o or more threads may be supp!ied to each thread- 85 guide and delirered together to each neeclle- hook byincreasing the number of bobbins, ancl thus increasing the weight of the goods man- nfactnrecl, ancl I do not confine m~sel f to ally specific nnrnber of tlireatls. 90

"

In operating the loom it is necessary to hare sufficient tension on thecloth to lreethestitches from the needles as soon as they are cast off. This I accomplish by the take-up device, as fi)l- lows : The roll of cloth, to which is adcled the 95 weight of the bar U, rests firmly on tlle roller S and is turned by the f'rictiorr of the ronglr- enecl surface. The roller 8' having heen pressed up against the roller S by means of the bloclcs .Y and secarecl in position by the loo screws', corlfinil~g the cloth between the rough surfaces of the two rollers S aucl 8', vhile at the same time it is made to 1)assarouucl both, a11 the power which is expeucleil on the roller S is necessarily transmitted to the clot11 as i t 10s comesfrorn the nerclles a t the same time that it serves to roll i t uljon the bar U. The power which turns the cj-liuclers is also transluitted to tlie roller S by means of the iuclined statls Z1, the rod Y, the pawl y, allc1 ratchet J1, and I I O

this power call be regulated by 1ne:rns of the spring TI. If the teus~ou be too light, the col- lar y3 S I I O L I ~ C Z be luored down, so as to cause a longer iuipact between the inclinetl studs Z . a ~ ~ d tlie piroted wheel t, thereby giviug a I r g longer strokfi to the ariu J, cansir~g the pawl y to pass over a g~ea t e r number of teeth on the ratchet, aucl tliereby tnri~ing the roller S more rapidly. T l ~ e tension of the Icnittetl fabric dependiug on the relative ral~idity wit11 I 20

~ h i c h it is movecl up on the roller S, compare(l with the rapiclitg with mllich it is constractrrl by the needles, the change of pusition of the collars y' and yJ serves to regulate such tru- sion. If the tension be too strong, the collzir 125

y3 should be mo\-ed up om tho rod in the same pr~port~ion.

If; from any cause, i t beco~~ies necessary to tighten the clot11 or roll it np more rapidly than is accomplislied automatically, i t may be doue 130 by inserting the srnall lever 21' into the lioles in the periphery of the haud-mheel zc, or by

turning the hand-wheel z~' nrith the hands; and i t nray be loose~~ecl in the same manucr by rais- ing tlie panls ?j atit1 c: and turning the Ilaucl- \vl~eel 11 b;lcl;nr:r rc?.

5 TVllen tlle roll of clot11 has become as large as tlpsirecl i t 111iiS be cnt across between the roller S and the cloth-roll U (care being taken to 1e;tve or~ougl~ or1 the loom to be attacheil to the bar U,) arrd r e~ao red by s i m p l ~ lifting the

,O ljar Uont ot tlie glooves t1 nrltl pillling i t from the ce~lter of tlie roll, wlier~ jt n ~ a y be again I eplaced in the groores tt, with the cut end of the c.lotll wtt:~ched to commence a new roll.

1Vitl1 ;I 100111 of tlle size show^^ in the dram- 1 5 irlgs :it least teu yards of cloth per ho~l r call

be nrade. \T7itb the help of the stopping tle- vice oue persol1 c~t11 easily tend three or four loorus.

Ijg reference to Figs. 17 and 18 of tlre clranr- z o ings it mill be n~itletstoocl that a t every alter-

~ r a t c stitch of the f'tbric, \\.hen the ~lcedles are c(loa11y nr~d nlteruatelg divided-t11:~t is, a t ercrg stitch taliet~ bg therear neeille-thestitch c-otrsihts o f t n o tlireads, while the internrecliate

2 5 stitches-that is, the stitches take11 by the ft,otrt ~leetlles-co~lsist of one tllreacl only, aud that tliese doub!e a ~ ~ i l sirrgle loops, as joined closelg together, ~naBe a utlit'or~n surhce which will fr~ll and finisli with a s;nooth surface; but

30 n 11elr two croolted ueedles are placecl side by sitle. as iuclicatetl a t G G , aucl two straight nee- tllrs sitle by side, as iticllcutecl a t 7 7, alteroatecl i t 1 ~) : i i~-s , as the sy)ace between the rows of tlouble stitol~es matlo by the two sillgle threads

35 is too ~vrtle to allow the o t l~ers to close to- getlier, the tlonble s t~ tches of the two crooked or rear ~~ee t l les will fortn a rib or raised sur- face, as i~~dicatecl a t S, Fig. 17, ancl the single stitclies of tlic straight needles mill result it1 s

40 tlel~lessioti, as i~~tlicatecl a t 9 in tlte same fig- tire, the clotlr being twice as thick a t 8 as a t !I, tlin.; cor~stitating hat is callecl LL~.ibbecl c l o t l ~ , ~ which car) be raried in style by cliaog- in:: the order of the needles.

qj J'lgs. 17 nncl I S rppresenc a fabric ill which llitlcteen tlrrcacls of white xarn and otte of col- o~ cci weft-yarn were used, makiug broilcl white stripes di\iclecl by a single colored threi~d. 'I'll~s stripe will be as wide as the tnentg

50 t l~ leads will mal;e it , and will be re1)roclnced a t each revoltitiol~ of the cyliuder, artcl may be varied, by the nsc of colors, at, the ~ ) l ea s i~ re of the oljerator. A loo~n of ten headings mill 11lal;e a, stlll)e of nearly all iuch in witltl~, and

; j the greater the nunlber of headings the micler \\rill be the s t ~ i p e which car1 be matle. A loom of the proper witltl~ forkuittiug blai~liets would o~alre a stlipe of from two to three irlches in ~vitlth of any clesired stj-le or brilliancy.

Go 1111 c s a n ~ i l ~ a t i o ~ ~ of the loolll aud the fabrics n lttcll ( ~ ~ 1 1 be made on i t will show, as has also l)c.cr~ clt~~notrstratel by its use, that tlle finest

or coarsest qualities of unclerwear, broadcloth, c,zssimeres,f~~ucycurtaiu-clot11,l~almoral skirt+, or bl;~ul;ets for the bet1 or for the lap, or for 65 horses can be uncle fro111 :L single loom 1 ) ~ s i~nplp cha l~g i l~g tlrc ngedles and cliau~tcl- pl;~tes.

I a111 aware that dericcs of various liittcl~ have been coustrncted for the purpose of stop- 7 0 ping the cylintlers of circular looms on the bre;tlting of the xarn, tint1 (lo not therefore claim the ap~~ l i c ,~ t i on of a stol)pit~g tlerice, broailly.

IIa.iring tllils tlescribetl the loo111 as cotn- 7 5 plete, aud the various details of r ny i l~~en t ion , tlisclt~iu~ing all those parts \vhich are slto\vtr alrd described and not claimed in this ap1)lica- tiou, \\illat I clairn as ttry i ~ ~ v e ~ l t i o n , arid c l c sire to secure by Letters l'ntent, is- 80

1. The cotnblnation, with tile catn-cjlit~der, of a vertical stantlet (1, IT, slotted cross-bar It1, clatnps I and 11, Ilaving taperiltg holes to re- cr i re the standard II, tho set-screws i i , and thread-guides i1 i', as described ar~cl sl~o\vn. 8:

2. The coll~bint~tion, with the revolriug nee- dle-cylincler B, stationary cam-cylintler E, :urtl series of neetlles, 01' tlie stopping device M, consisting of t l ~ e vertical lever ml, bmcket N, pirots 72. :uld tr2, roc1 nl, ~111) 0, as describecl go and s h o m ~ ~ .

3. Tile cornbinatiorl,'\vitli the needle-cjltn- cler and mcch:~uistn f o ~ . re\-olving the salne, and a ta8ble providecl witb inclined stutls ul)o~t its n ~ ~ d e r side, of a. talte-111, device firmly fixetl 95 to and d e p e ~ l i l e ~ ~ t B*orn the bottom of s;titl o j 1- iucler, and co~lsisti~lg of the frame It It R1, roll- ers S S1 ant1 U, rods 1.' TI, 1'011 P, guitlo lir~li Y1 Z, collars y1 ?j7, mo\-able bloclis s s, screms s1 A',

flanged plate 'l', artn J , ratoliet-nllreel J1 3iv. I O O

otetl roller t , pa\vls g and 2 , set-screnwi? y4, hal~tl-\vheel zc, :LII d sl)tti tlg TI, as described atit1 sllonn.

4. The coo~bitiat ion, \$ it11 t l ~ c taljle A and c a ~ n - c ~ I t n d e ~ * I<, ot the i~~clittetl stnds Z1, at- 105 taclied to tlio table A, the cyliuders U U1 altd ~necb:tuis~n for reroli-ittg the same, frame It, fixed to ~11e cylintler arrtl 1)rorirlecl \with tlrt! rollers S S1 :&lid U, ~ ) I O C ~ < S s., screws sl, flartgt~tl plate !I?, rotls r1 ,.I, :1rt11 J , ratcllct-\vl~eel Jt, I 10

11:~1ltl-nllec?l 16, rod Y , guitle-lirtlis Yt and Z , pa\vls y arld s, coll;lrs !jl y', set- screms y2 ?j4, sl)ritlg TI, l)i\rotetl lnoller 1, ratellet-mlreel J, ar1t1 bolts 7. ).. :LS Itt>rri~t tlcscribed ant1 slrown.

5 . Tlre co~ubi~iatioll, wit11 the needle-t:yl~n- I r j der 1J C1 arid the fra111e It of tlro take-ng, of tlre atl.jnstir~g ~~10th-guitlo Vr, cottsistiug of :I

met;~lltc ~ i n g 11-ith n 1)itil-lllte aljpentlage, :In herein tlesctibecl and shown.