Weekly Literature - Ellis Family - Homeellis2020.org/treasures/TG-treasures/unit2_week4_1.pdfA Great...

Lightning Bolt

— Joan Bransfield Graham

by Susan Dickson

He Madethe World Brighter


Weekly Literature

Week At A Glance

Tested Skills for the Week

Read-Aloud AnthologyListening Comprehension

Readers’ Theater

•

•

Vocabulary/Comprehension

Whole Group

VOCABULARY

hilarious, convinced, mischief,

independence, (come in)

handy, dizzy, whirlwind,

nowadays

Dictionary/Idioms

COMPREHENSION

Strategy: Generate

Questions

Skill: Problem and Solution

WRITING

Book Review

Science LinkPhysical Science

Electricity and Magnetism

Small Group Options

Differentiated Instructionfor

Tested Skills

Weekly Theme: Bright Ideas

Science LinkMain Selection Genre Biography

Genre Concrete Poem

220A

A

UDIO CD

A GreatA Great

InventorInventorby Laurie Rozakis

Biography

A GreatA Great


Biography

A GreatA Great


Biography

A GreatA Great


Biography

A GreatA Great


Biography

A GreatA Great


Biography

Resources for Differentiated Instruction

Leveled ReadersLeveled Readers

• Same Theme• Same Vocabulary• Same Comprehension Skills

LEVELED PRACTICE

CLASSROOM LIBRARY

Phonics and Decoding

Comprehension

Vocabulary

Also available Reading Triumphs,

Intervention Program

•

•

•

INTERVENTION ANTHOLOGY

Approaching On Level Beyond

On-Level Reader

sheltered for English

Language Learner

ELL Teacher’s Guide

also available

Beyond LevelApproaching Level

English Language Leveled Reader

On Level

ELL

HOME-SCHOOL CONNECTION

Family letters in

English and Spanish

Take-Home Stories

•

•

ONLINEINSTRUCTION

www.macmillanmh.com

AUDIO CD

Listening

Library

Fluency

Solutions

•

•

CD ROM

Vocabulary

PuzzleMaker

•

A

UDIO CD CD ROM

Also AvailableLEVELED READER PROGRAM

Genre Biography

Genre BiographyGR Levels O–T

O Q TApproaching On Level Beyond

Trade books to apply Comprehension Skills

How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning 220B

http://www.macmillanmh.com

A GreatA Great


Biography

How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning,

224–241

Leveled Readers

Student Book

by Susan Dickson



Student Book

ORAL LANGUAGE• Listening

• Speaking

• Viewing

Listening/Speaking/Viewing

Focus Question What’s happening in the picture on page 220? Would you put your head on that shiny ball? Why?

Build Background, 220

Read Aloud: “What REA Service Means to Our Farm Home,“ 221

Listening/Speaking

Focus Question What was it like to be Ben Franklin?

WORD STUDY• Vocabulary

• Phonics/Decoding

Vocabulary

hilarious, convinced, mischief, independence, (come in) handy, dizzy, whirlwind, nowadays, 222

Practice Book A-O-B, 59

Strategy: Dictionary/Idioms, 223

Vocabulary

Review Vocabulary, 224

Phonics

Decode Words with /är/ and /ôr/, 247E


READING• Develop

Comprehension

• Fluency

“He Made the World Brighter,” 222–223

Comprehension, 223A–223B

Strategy: Generate Questions



Model Fluency, 221

Partner Reading, 220I

How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning, 224–241

Comprehension, 224–241





LANGUAGE ARTS• Writing

• Grammar

• Spelling

Writing

Daily Writing Prompt: Think about a problem you would like an invention to solve. Create a solution and describe your invention.

Book Review, 246–247B

Grammar Daily Language Activities, 247I

Possessive Nouns, 247I

Grammar Practice Book, 51

Spelling Pretest Words with /ôr/ and /är/, 247G

Spelling Practice Book, 51–52

Writing

Daily Writing Prompt: Pick an invention, and describe what life would be like without it.



Possessive Nouns, 247I


Spelling Word Sorts, 247G

Spelling Practice Book, 53

ASSESSMENT• Informal/Formal Vocabulary, 222

Comprehension, 223B

Comprehension, 233, 241

Phonics, 247E

Differentiated Instruction 247M-247VDifferentiated Instruction 247M-247VTurn the Page for

Small Group Lesson Plan

Suggested Lesson Plan Instructional NavigatorInteractive Lesson Planner

Student Book

by Susan Dickson



Student Book

220C220C

Vocabulary

Vocabulary Words

Dictionary/Idioms

Comprehension



Writing

Persuasive Writing

Listening/Speaking

Focus Question How was Thomas Alva Edison like Ben Franklin? Use details from both selections in your answer.

Summarize, 243


Focus Question How is the information presented in “Lightning Bolt” similar to the information in How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning? In what ways is it different?

Expand Vocabulary: Inventions and Effects, 247F


Focus Question What were some of the basic household problems that Ben Franklin and Thomas Edison solved that make our lives easier today?

Speaking and Listening Strategies, 247A

Vocabulary

Review Words in Context, 247C

Strategy: Dictionary/Idioms, 247D


Phonics

Decode Multisyllabic Words, 247E

Vocabulary

Building Inventions, 247F

Apply Vocabulary to Writing, 247F

Vocabulary

Spiral Review: Whirlwind Vocabulary, 247F

How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning, 224–241

Comprehension

Comprehension Check, 243

Maintain Skill: Fact and Opinion, 243B

Repeated Reading, 243A



“Light Bulb and Lightning Bolt,” 244–245

Comprehension

Concrete Poem: Poetry

Figurative Language and Alliteration, 244



Self-Selected Reading,220I

Comprehension

Connect and Compare, 245

Practice, 243A


Writing

Daily Writing Prompt: Write a dialogue between Ben Franklin and Thomas Edison or a modern-day inventor.

Writer’s Craft: A Strong Opening, 247A

Review, 246–247B


Mechanics and Usage: Titles, 247J


Spelling Word Meanings, 247H


Writing

Daily Writing Prompt: Has the electricity ever gone off in your home? Write a journal entry about what it was like.

Writing Trait: Ideas and Content, 247B



Possessive Nouns, 247J


Spelling Review and Proofread, 247H


Writing

Daily Writing Prompt: Suppose you have the chance to interview the inventor of your favorite appliance. What would you ask?



Possessive Nouns, 247J

Grammar Practice Book, 55–56

Spelling Posttest, 247H


Fluency, 243A Vocabulary, 247D

Student Book

Lightning Bolt

— Joan Bransfield Graham

Student Book Student Book

Differentiated Instruction 247M-247V Differentiated Instruction 247M-247VDifferentiated Instruction 247M-247V

Weekly Assessment, 109–116

How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning 220D

Suggested Lesson Plan

For intensive intervention see TriumphsR E A D I N G

Focus on Skills

Differentiated Instruction

What do I do in small groups?

Instructional Navigator Interactive Lesson Planner

Approaching Level

• Additional Instruction/Practice

• Tier 2 Instruction

Fluency, 247N

Vocabulary, 247N

Comprehension, 247OELL Drawing, 247O

Phonics, 247M

Vocabulary, 247O

Leveled Reader Lesson, 247P

• Vocabulary

• ComprehensionOn Level

• Practice Vocabulary, 247Q

Leveled Reader Lesson, 247R

• ComprehensionELL Leveled Reader,

247U–247V


• Comprehension

• Vocabulary

Beyond Level

• Extend Vocabulary, 247S

Leveled Reader Lesson, 247T

• Comprehension


• Comprehension

• Vocabulary

Use your observations to guide additional instruction and practice.

Vocabulary

Words: hilarious, dizzy, nowadays,

independence, convinced, handy,

whirlwind, mischief

Strategy: Dictionary/Idioms

Comprehension



Fluency

Phonics

Decode Words with /är/ and /ôr/

220E

Day 5

Focus on Leveled Readers

Leveled Reader DatabaseGo to www.macmillanmh.com

Search by

• Comprehension Skill

• Content Area

• Genre

• Text Feature

• Guided Reading Level

• Reading Recovery Level

• Lexile Score

• Benchmark Level

BeyondApproaching

ELL

Apply skills and strategies while reading

appropriate leveled books.

A GreatA Great


Biography

O Q T

On LevelSubscription also available.

Levels O-T

Small Group Options

Additional Leveled Reader Resources

Phonics, 247M

Fluency, 247N

Vocabulary, 247O


• Comprehension

Phonics, 247M


• Comprehension

Fluency, 247N


• Make Connections Across

Texts

Fluency, 247Q

Vocabulary, 247Q


• Comprehension

Literary Elements, 247Q


• Comprehension

Fluency, 247Q


• Make Connections Across

Texts

Fluency, 247S

Vocabulary, 247S


• Comprehension

Literary Elements, 247S


• ComprehensionELL Fluency, 247S

Fluency, 247S

Self-Selected Reading, 247T

How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning 220F


Teacher-Led Small Groups

Indepen

de

nt

Ac

tiv

itie

sLite

rac

yW

orkstations

© M

acm

illan

/McG

raw

-Hill

✔ Put a check next to the activities you complete.

Name Date

My To-Do ListMy To-Do List

Reading

Practice fluency

Read a biography

Writing

Write a book review

Write a moon poem

Social Studies

Research underground wiring

Write a persuasive paragraph

Technology

Vocabulary Puzzlemaker

Fluency Solutions

Listening Library

www.macmillanmh.com

Word Study

Give clues about words

Spell words with /är/ and /ôr/ sounds

Science

Research the light bulb

Make a time line

Leveled Readers

Write About It!

Content Connection

Independent Practice

Practice Book, 59–65

Grammar Practice Book, 51–56

Spelling Practice Book, 51–56

Contracts Unit 2 • How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning 11

Isabella

Vincent

Jack Eliza

Dean

Maria

Green

Literacy Workstations

Independent Activities

Teacher-LedSmall Groups

Red

Blue

Orange

Green

What do I do with the rest of my class?

Managing the Class

Class Management Tools

Includes:

• How-To Guides • Rotation Chart • Weekly Contracts

Hands-on activities for reinforcing weekly skills.

Layered Book Foldable Pyramid Foldable

220G

A

UDIO CD

A GreatA Great


Biography

Solve It!Edison invented things to solve problems

that he saw. Think about a problem that

you solved. With a partner, write three

sentences describing the problem and how

you solved it.

What Is Your Invention?With a partner, think of an invention of your

own. Describe what it is. Use the flow chart to

show how it works.

Independent Activities

Approaching On Level ELL Beyond

LEVELED PRACTICE

Approaching On Level ELLBeyond

ONLINE INSTRUCTION www.macmillanmh.com

Turn the page for Literacy Workstations.

VOCABULARY PUZZLEMAKER

Activities providing multiple exposures to vocabulary, spelling,and high-frequency words, including crossword puzzles, word searches, and word jumbles

CD ROMCD ROM

For Repeated Readings and Literacy Activities

Leveled ReadersLeveled Readers

Skills: Vocabulary (p. 59), Comprehension: Problem and Solution (p. 60), Graphic Organizer (p. 61), Fluency (p. 62),

Literary Elements: Figurative Language and Alliteration (p. 63), Vocabulary Strategy: Dictionary (p. 64), Phonics (p. 65)

• Meet the Author/Illustrator

• Oral Language Activities

• Computer Literacy Lessons

• Vocabulary and Spelling Activities

• Research and Inquiry Activities

• Leveled Reader Database

LISTENING LIBRARY

Recordings of selections

• Main Selections

• Leveled Readers

• ELL Readers

• Intervention Anthology

FLUENCY

SOLUTIONS

Recorded passages for modeling and practicing fluency

How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning 220H


Reading20 Minutes

• Select a paragraph from the Fluency passage on page 62 of your Practice Book.

• With a partner, take turns reading the sentences aloud.

• Pause when you come to commas and end punctuation.

FluencyExtension

• Read the sentences again, pretending that they all end with exclamation points.

• Discuss how the passage sounds different.

• Time Your Reading: Listen to the Audio CD.

Fluency SolutionsListening Library

Things you need:

• Practice Book

17

In

dep

en

de

nt

Ac

tiv

itie

s

Teacher-Led Small Groups

Lite

rac

yW

ork

statio

ns

Objectives• Read with expression. Time reading.

• Read to identify a problem and its solution.

• Read enthusiastically and for enjoyment every day.

• Keep a personal reading list.

Objectives• Use a dictionary to find definitions of words.

• Sort words with the /är/ and /ôr/ sounds.

Literacy ActivitiesCollaborative Learning Activities

Managing the Class

220I




ReadingWORKSTATION FLIP CHART

Macmillan/McGraw-Hill

WORKSTATION FLIP CHART


Word StudyWORKSTATION FLIP CHART

Writing


WORKSTATION FLIP CHART


Science/Social Studies

Objectives• Write a review of a book of poems.

• Write a poem about the moon.

• Write to develop a personal style.

Objectives• Research facts about light bulbs.

• Write the pros and cons of putting telephone and streetlight

wires underground.

Literacy Workstations

How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning 220J


220

ORAL LANGUAGE• Build Background

• Read Aloud

• Expand Vocabulary

VOCABULARY• Teach Words in Context

• Idioms

COMPREHENSION• Strategy: Generate Questions

• Skill: Problem and Solution

SMALL GROUP OPTIONS

• Differentiated Instruction, pp. 247M–247V

Oral LanguageBuild Background

ACCESS PRIOR KNOWLEDGE

Share the following information.

Some famous electrical inventions are

the telephone (1876), the light bulb

(1879), and the television (1924).

TALK ABOUT BRIGHT IDEAS

Discuss the weekly theme.

■ What electrical appliances do you

use nearly every day?

■ If you had to give up one electrical

appliance, what would it be? Why?

FOCUS QUESTION Ask a volunteer to

read “Talk About It” on Student Book

page 221 and to describe the photo.

■ What is the first thing you notice in

this picture?

■ How is this girl feeling?

Beginning Build Background Help students describe the

picture in simple phrases and sentences. Have students repeat.

Introduce the word electricity. Point to items in the classroom that

use electricity and make statements: The lights use electricity. Have

students repeat.

Intermediate Partner Work Pair students and ask them to

think of things that use electricity. Remind them to think about

machines in the classroom and in their homes. Write the list on

the board. Have students use the list to discuss how they and their

families use electricity.

Advanced Discussion Complete the Intermediate task except

encourage more complex sentences: I use electricity when I do

homework at night and take a bath. My mom uses electricity when she

cooks dinner.

220

For an extended lesson plan and Web site activities for oral

language development, go to www.macmillanmh.com

Picture Prompt

Look at the picture. Write about what you see. You can write a poem,

a story, or a description, or use any other type of writing you like.

Talk About ItWhat’s happening here?

Would you put your hand

on that shiny ball? Why?

Find out more about

electricity at

www.macmillanmh.com

221

Read Aloud Read “What REA Service Means to Our Farm Home”

GENRE: Primary

Sources

Remind students

that a primary

source is a real

way to learn about

history. Explain that

this primary source

is in text form, but

artifacts, places,

sounds, or pictures can also be primary

sources.

LISTENING FOR A PURPOSE

Ask students to listen for problems and

solutions as you read “What REA Service

Means to Our Farm Home” in the Read-

Aloud Anthology. Choose from among

the teaching suggestions.

Fluency Ask students to listen

carefully as you read aloud. Tell

students to listen to your phrasing,

expression, and tone of voice.

RESPOND TO THE SELECTION

Ask students to describe what life

would be like without electricity. Have

them give examples of how life would

be different.

Expand VocabularyAsk students to identify three more

words that relate to this week’s theme

of Bright Ideas. Students can write the

words in a word journal and create new

sentences using each of the words.

Talk About It Student pages 220–221

Read Aloudpages 40–43

How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning 221



Vocabularyhilarious dizzy

convinced whirlwind

mischief nowadays

independence

(come in) handy

DictionaryIdioms are phrases whose

meaning differs from the

meaning of each word.

come in handy = “ be useful”

Thomas Edison was a poor student. Hilarious? It is funny when you know how he turned out. Even if his grades didn’t show it, the mother of this future inventor was convinced he was smart. After a few disappointing months in school, she decided to teach Thomas herself at home.

Thomas’s ChildhoodThomas Alva Edison was born in 1847 in

Ohio. Always curious and prone to mischief, Thomas read whenever he could.

Thomas’s fi rst job, at thirteen, was selling newspapers. Back then, that’s when most boys started working. At sixteen he became a telegrapher. This gave Thomas independence and an opportunity to travel. Shortly after this, Edison decided to be an inventor.

14-year-old

Thomas Edison

He MadeHe Madethe Worldthe World BrighterBrighter

by Susan Dickson

He MadeHe Madethe Worldthe World BrighterBrighter

222

222

Vocabulary/Comprehension Student page 222

VocabularyTEACH WORDS IN CONTEXT

Use the following routine.

use computers nowadays instead of

typewriters. What is different nowadays

from when your parents were your age?

What is the same? COMPARE AND CONTRAST

Define: When a joke is hilarious , it

makes you laugh a lot.

Example: We laughed at the hilarious

antics of the pet monkey in the movie.

Ask: What is a synonym for hilarious?

SYNONYM

■ To be convinced is to have accepted

someone’s views. Sam convinced us

to recycle. What have you convinced

people of? EXAMPLE

■ Mischief is something amusing that

may cause trouble. My cat gets into

mischief in my closet. How can mischief

cause trouble? EXPLANATION

■ Countries seeking independence wish

to govern themselves. The American

colonies won independence. What is an

antonym for independence? ANTONYM

■ If something was handy , it was nearby.

I like to keep extra batteries handy.

What are some everyday items you like

to keep handy? EXAMPLE

■ A whirlwind is a storm with circular

wind. A whirlwind can also describe

rushed movement. Her three days in

the city were a whirlwind of activity.

What would happen to lightweight

objects in a whirlwind? EXPLANATION

■ Someone who feels dizzy finds it hard

to keep his or her balance. Angela felt

dizzy when she got off the ride at the

county fair. Tell about a time when you

felt dizzy. PRIOR KNOWLEDGE

■ When something happens nowadays ,

it happens in the present time. People

During Small Group Instruction

If No Approaching Level

Vocabulary, p. 247N

If Yes On Level Options,

pp. 247Q–247R

Beyond Level Options,

pp. 247S–247T

Do students understand

word meanings?

Explain Vocabulary

Dramatize the actions

for dizzy and whirlwind

as you use each word in

a sentence. For handy,

explain that “came in

handy” it is an idiom that

means was useful. Ask, If

you went on a camping trip,

what items did you bring?

What items came in handy?

Help students answer in

full sentences.

Vocabulary and Comprehension

Reread for Comprehension

Generate QuestionsProblem and Solution Problems and solutions are important parts of most stories. Asking yourself questions as you read can help you understand problem and solution.

Reread the selection to find a problem and solution. Use a Problem and Solution Chart to help you.

The Young InventorNot everything Thomas invented

was a success. In fact, his first invention, an electric vote recorder, failed. Edison thought it would come in handy for counting votes. No one else found it useful, but that didn’t stop Edison.

Edison’s Greatest Challenge Back then, gas was the best lighting

source, but burning it was dirty and unhealthy. Gas could also be very dangerous. The idea of using electricity for lighting had been around for over 50 years. But nobody had developed anything practical or safe.

Edison set out to solve this problem. He improved upon what others had learned about electricity. He tested thousands of ideas in a whirlwind of activity. Several men helped Edison with his experiments.

By 1880, they had burned a light bulb for more than 1,500 hours. They must have felt dizzy with excitement!

This was just the beginning. Edison’s success led to the invention of an entire electric lighting system. Nowadays, many appliances and lights run on electricity. It is hard to imagine life without it. So, next time you turn on your computer, think of Thomas Edison—and say “Thanks.”

Edison with lamps he created

dd

223

Vocabulary/Comprehension Student page 223

VocabularySTRATEGYDICTIONARY

Idioms Tell students that idioms

are groups of words which have a

collective meaning different from that

of each individual word. Dictionaries

often provide the meanings of idioms.

An entry for a single word may

include idioms containing that word.

Sometimes other idioms are separate

entries. Explain that if the common,

usual meaning of words in a phrase is

not making sense in context, checking

a dictionary might help to find the

meaning of the idiom.

Have students look up the idiom

came in handy by scanning dictionary

entries that follow the entries for

come and handy. Remind them to use

alphabetical order. Explain that came is

the past tense of the verb come.

Read “He Made the World

Brighter”

As you read “He Made the World

Brighter” with students, ask them to

identify clues that reveal the meanings

of the highlighted words. Tell students

they will read these words again in

How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning.

hilarious dizzy nowadays independencehandy whirlwind mischief convinced

Fill in the sentences below with words from the box. Then use the words in the blanks to complete the puzzle.

1. I never get into when I’m inventing something!

2. But when success goes to my head, I feel !

3. Ideas come to me suddenly. They blow in like a .

4. My next invention will come in for people who hate waiting.

5. I am that I will make millions!

mischief

convinced

whirlwind

handy

dizzy

On Level Practice Book 0, page 59

Approaching Practice Book A, page 59

Beyond Practice Book B, page 59 How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning 223


Objectives• Generate questions

• Identify the problem and its

solution

• Use academic language:

generate, problem, solution.

Materials

• Comprehension

Transparencies 9a and 9b

• Graphic Organizer

Transparency 9

• Leveled Practice Books, p. 60

Reread for

ComprehensionSTRATEGYGENERATE QUESTIONS

Tell students that, as they read a biography, they can ask themselves

questions to help them identify the kind of information being

presented. If they have difficulty finding the answers, they can ask

questions about particular details. These will help them identify

the reason why the author has chosen to organize facts about the

subject in a particular way.

SKILLPROBLEM AND SOLUTION

■ Tell students that authors of biographies organize their texts in

different ways. By focusing on a particular trait, such as the ability

of the subject to identify problems and find solutions to them,

a biographer can share important information about the subject

while keeping the biography brief.

Use Academic Language

Write Problem and Solution

on the board. Underneath,

write the Spanish words

problema and solución.

Point out how similar they

are. Say, In this selection we

will identify the problems

the subject of the biography

faces and the actions he

takes to find solutions. Help

students understand that

the word solution means

the answer to a problem.

Problem and Solution

Introduce 19A–B

Practice /Apply

20–37; Leveled Practice Books, 2–3

Reteach / Review

43M–T, 223A–B, 224–243, 247M–T; Leveled Practice Books, 60–61

Assess Weekly Tests; Unit 1, 2 Tests; Benchmark Tests A, B

Maintain 37B, 585B

Student Book pages 222–223 available on Comprehension Transparencies 9a and 9b

Vocabulary and Comprehension

Reread for Comprehension

Generate QuestionsProblem and Solution Problems and solutions are important parts of most stories. Asking yourself questions as you read can help you understand problem and solution.

Reread the selection to find a problem and solution. Use a Problem and Solution Chart to help you.

The Young InventorNot everything Thomas invented

was a success. In fact, his first invention, an electric vote recorder, failed. Edison thought it would come in handy for counting votes. No one else found it useful, but that didn’t stop Edison.

Edison’s Greatest Challenge Back then, gas was the best lighting

source, but burning it was dirty and unhealthy. Gas could also be very dangerous. The idea of using electricity for lighting had been around for over 50 years. But nobody had developed anything practical or safe.

Edison set out to solve this problem. He improved upon what others had learned about electricity. He tested thousands of ideas in a whirlwind of activity. Several men helped Edison with his experiments.

By 1880, they had burned a light bulb for more than 1,500 hours. They must have felt dizzy with excitement!

This was just the beginning. Edison’s success led to the invention of an entire electric lighting system. Nowadays, many appliances and lights run on electricity. It is hard to imagine life without it. So, next time you turn on your computer, think of Thomas Edison—and say “Thanks.”

Edison with lamps he created

223

Transparency 9b

Vocabularyhilarious dizzy

convinced whirlwind

mischief nowadays

independence

(come in) handy

DictionaryIdioms are phrases whose

meaning differs from the

meaning of each word.

come in handy = “ be useful”

Thomas Edison was a poor student. Hilarious? It is funny when you know how he turned out. Even if his grades didn’t show it, the mother of this future inventor was convinced he was smart. After a few disappointing months in school, she decided to teach Thomas herself at home.

Thomas’s ChildhoodThomas Alva Edison was born in 1847 in

Ohio. Always curious and prone to mischief, Thomas read whenever he could.

Thomas’s fi rst job, at thirteen, was selling newspapers. Back then, that’s when most boys started working. At sixteen he became a telegrapher. This gave Thomas independence and an opportunity to travel. Shortly after this, Edison decided to be an inventor.

14-year-old

Thomas Edison


by Susan Dickson


222

Transparency 9a

223A


In both fiction and nonfiction stories, someone may face a problem then find a solution, or a way to solve it.

Read the passage. Then answer the questions that follow.

Wangari Maathai is an African woman who wanted to help her people.

She knew that the land of her country, Kenya, needed more care. She also

knew that many Africans did not have enough food. She had an idea. She

got women to start planting trees. Since 1976 the Green Belt movement has

helped 80,000 women plant and care for more than 20 million trees! The

environment has improved, and people now eat the bananas, mangoes, and

papayas that grow on the trees.

Tree planting is not the only way Maathai has helped the environment.

When plans were made to build a skyscraper in Nairobi’s only park, she

organized demonstrations against it and wrote letters to stop it. She was

put in jail, but her letters and the public protests stopped the building from

being built. For her work Wangari has received many honors, including the

Nobel Peace Prize.

1. Who is this passage about?

2. What is one problem Maathai faced?

3. What other problem did Maathai face?

4. What solution did she come up with?

The land of her country needed better care.

Many of her people didn’t have enough to eat.

Wangari Maathai

She decided to get women to plant trees.

Possible responses provided.

On Level Practice Book 0, page 60

Approaching Practice Book A, page 60

Beyond Practice Book B, page 60

■ When students begin reading a biographical sketch, they should

ask themselves, “What problem does the subject face?” or “What

does the subject want or need to do?” These questions will help

them identify the problem. They can then look for actions that

the subject takes to solve the problem.

MODEL

Read the first three paragraphs of “He Made the World Brighter”

on Student Book page 222.

Think Aloud The author tells us that, even though Edison was

a curious child and read all the time, he was a poor student

and did not do well at school. His mother helped solve this

problem by teaching him at home. I wonder if Edison followed

his mother’s example and learned to look for unusual solutions

to other problems. I will keep reading to find out.

GUIDED PRACTICE

■ Have students read the next two paragraphs. Ask them to

explain whether or not the electric vote recorder solved a

problem. (No; apparently, there was no need for it.)

■ Have students tell what problem is described in the first

paragraph under the heading “Edison’s Greatest Challenge.”

(Burning gas for lighting was dirty, unhealthy, and dangerous.)

Have them begin filling out the Problem and Solution Chart by

writing this problem in the Problem box.

■ Help students identify the first action that Edison took in solving

the problem of developing electric lighting. Have them add this

information to the Problem and Solution Chart.

APPLY

Have students reread the remainder of “He Made the World

Brighter” and use the information to complete the Action and

Solution boxes of the Problem and Solution Chart.

During Small Group Instruction

If No Approaching Level Comprehension, p. 247O

If Yes On Level Options, pp. 247Q–247R

Beyond Level Options, pp. 247S–247T

Can students identify the problem, the actions taken, and the

solution?

Transparency 9

ProblemBurning gas for lighting was dirty and

unhealthy.

ActionEdison improved on what others

had learned.

ActionEdison tried thousands of ideas.

ActionEdison asked others to help him.

SolutionEdison invented a long-lasting light bulb

and an electric lighting system.

Problem and Solution Chart

Graphic Organizer Transparency 9

How Ben Franklin Stole the Lightning 223B

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