Week May 27-May 30Week May 27-May 30 Tuesday – Notes on Evolution and receive Tuesday – Notes on Evolution and receive

review sheet for final!review sheet for final!

Wednesday – Review flipbook and receive Wednesday – Review flipbook and receive passed back workpassed back work

Thursday – Review flipbook Thursday – Review flipbook

Friday – Review and JeopardyFriday – Review and Jeopardy

YesterdayYesterday

Turn in what you completed yesterday at Turn in what you completed yesterday at the stations.the stations.

If you weren’t here, you can come in at If you weren’t here, you can come in at lunch on Monday, after school Monday, or lunch on Monday, after school Monday, or Tuesday to complete this!Tuesday to complete this!

It is EXTRA CREDIT for everyone!!It is EXTRA CREDIT for everyone!!

WEEKEND!WEEKEND!

What did you do? What did you do?

EVOLUTION!EVOLUTION! What does that word mean to you?What does that word mean to you?

TURN INTURN IN

Charles DarwinCharles Darwin

Born Feb 12, 1809Born Feb 12, 1809 Same day as Abraham LincolnSame day as Abraham Lincoln

*H.M.S. Beagle - traveled around the world*H.M.S. Beagle - traveled around the world *Galapagos Islands*Galapagos Islands

*Looked at finches – a small song bird*Looked at finches – a small song bird *Also studied turtles on the different islands*Also studied turtles on the different islands

**On trip home came up with his popular On trip home came up with his popular book “The Origin of Speciesbook “The Origin of Species””

During his travels, Darwin made numerous During his travels, Darwin made numerous observations and collected evidence that observations and collected evidence that led him to propose a revolutionary led him to propose a revolutionary hypothesis about the way life changes hypothesis about the way life changes over time. over time.

**He helped support the THEORY of He helped support the THEORY of Evolution.Evolution.

**Darwin observed that the characteristics Darwin observed that the characteristics of many animals and plants varied of many animals and plants varied noticeably among the different islands of noticeably among the different islands of the Galapagos. the Galapagos.

See how the turtles are different on the See how the turtles are different on the three different islands.three different islands.

Did Darwin come up with Did Darwin come up with Evolution?Evolution?

*Darwin didn’t come up with Evolution, but *Darwin didn’t come up with Evolution, but he did come up with the process that helps he did come up with the process that helps describe how evolution occurs describe how evolution occurs

Natural SelectionNatural Selection

EvolutionEvolution

Natural SelectionNatural Selection

EvolutionEvolution *Evolution means a change over *Evolution means a change over

time or descent with modificationtime or descent with modification

*It occurs in *It occurs in populationspopulations, not , not individuals in response to individuals in response to environmental pressuresenvironmental pressures

*Natural selection is the *Natural selection is the mechanismmechanism of evolution (the way of evolution (the way it happens)it happens)

Natural SelectionNatural Selection *Natural Selection: N*Natural Selection: Nature selects the best

adapted varieties to survive and to reproduce.  **Individuals with a variation of a trait that gave Individuals with a variation of a trait that gave

them an advantage in staying alive longer and them an advantage in staying alive longer and to reproduceto reproduce, which passes these strong traits , which passes these strong traits on to future generations.on to future generations.

Example: Example: Galapagos finches with beaks Galapagos finches with beaks suited to eat cactus got suited to eat cactus got more food in one environment, others with beak shapes able more food in one environment, others with beak shapes able to get nectar from flowers in different environments able to to get nectar from flowers in different environments able to survive and reproduce. survive and reproduce.

*Natural selection due to the following *Natural selection due to the following reasons:reasons:**1. Overproduction1. Overproduction – organisms produce – organisms produce more offspring than can survivemore offspring than can survive

Fun Facts: A fern plant may produce 50 million spores each Fun Facts: A fern plant may produce 50 million spores each year. If they all survived, in the second year they year. If they all survived, in the second year they would nearly cover North America. An oyster may shed would nearly cover North America. An oyster may shed 114,000,000 eggs in a single spawning season. If they 114,000,000 eggs in a single spawning season. If they all survived, the ocean would be literally filled with all survived, the ocean would be literally filled with oysters.oysters.

Natural SelectionNatural Selection *2. Variation*2. Variation – Within a – Within a

population there are many population there are many differences between differences between organisms. These organisms. These differences are inherited.differences are inherited. Examples:Examples:

• Color in flowersColor in flowers• Length of antlers in elkLength of antlers in elk• Height in humansHeight in humans• Shape of beak in birdsShape of beak in birds

Natural SelectionNatural Selection *3. Struggle for existence*3. Struggle for existence – –

There are There are limited resourceslimited resources, so , so living things must living things must compete compete against each otheragainst each other to stay alive. to stay alive.

*4. Survival of the fittest*4. Survival of the fittest – Only – Only the organisms best adapted to the organisms best adapted to the environment will livethe environment will live

Natural SelectionNatural Selection *5. Populations evolve*5. Populations evolve – Over time, the – Over time, the

favorable adaptations are passed on and the favorable adaptations are passed on and the entire population changes entire population changes

Artificial SelectionArtificial Selection *Artificial selection occurs *Artificial selection occurs

when humans select the best when humans select the best traits for plants and animalstraits for plants and animals

*(Can you think of examples?*(Can you think of examples?• Disease-resistant cropsDisease-resistant crops• Beefy cattleBeefy cattle• Horse racingHorse racing• Dog breedingDog breeding• Lab testing with rats and mice – Lab testing with rats and mice –

putting desired traits within their putting desired traits within their genesgenes

AdaptationsAdaptations *Adaptations are genetic changes that increase *Adaptations are genetic changes that increase

the survival of a populationthe survival of a population

Types of AdaptationsTypes of Adaptations

*Mimicry – Organisms that copy the *Mimicry – Organisms that copy the appearance of another species for appearance of another species for protectionprotection

Types of AdaptationsTypes of Adaptations *Camouflage – When an organism blends in to *Camouflage – When an organism blends in to

its surroundingsits surroundings