Week Four Agenda
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Week Four Agenda•Announcements•Link of the week•Review week three lab assignment•This week’s expected outcomes•Next lab assignment•Break-out problems•Upcoming deadlines•Lab assistance, questions and answers
AnnouncementsScript Comments
Scripts should contain the following comments:
Editing Author:
Script Functionality:
Lab Assignment:
Due Date:
Link of the Week
Object Code • http://freedom-to-tinker.com/blog/felten/source-code-
and-object-code
• What is object code?• Object File Format• What is Executable and Linking Format?
Link of the Week
SourceFile
SourceFile
SourceFile
SourceFile
SourceFile
Object File
Object File
ObjectFile
Object File
ObjectFile
LinkerRuntimeLibrary
ExecutableProgram
Source/Object/Executable Drawing
Link of the Week
Review Week Three Lab Assignment
Textual (command-line) and visual interfaces are two common interfaces used to support engineering tasks on systems. Both utilize Netflows data as the main resource.
Review Week Three Lab Assignment
What is a filter?A UNIX filter command performs an operation or manipulation of text in a file. Standard in and out are typically used during this operation.
Shell Command Line Filters
awk, cat, cut, expand, compress, fold, grep, head, nl, perl, pr, sed, sh, sort, split, strings, tail, tac, tee, tr, uniq, and wc
Review Week Three Lab AssignmentShell File System Filters
cat, cd, chmod, chown, chgrp, cksum, cmp, cp, dd, du, df, fsck, fuser, ln, ls, lsattr, lsof, mkdir, mount, mv, pwd, rm, rmdir, split, touch, umask
Shell Process Filters
at, chroot, cron, exit, kill, killall, nice, pgrep, pidof, pkill, ps, pstree, sleep, time, top, and wait
Review Week Three Lab Assignment
Test CommandA common way to set up a condition for the if command is with the test command.
test condition or [ condition ]
The test command evaluates the condition and returns 0 or 1, depending on the results of the test.The brackets work exactly like the test condition. The open bracket is a link to test.
Review Week Three Lab Assignment
Constructing Conditions-s file -r file -w file-x file -f file -d file
Examples: if [ ! –f /etc/.fsckask ]If the plain file /etc/.fsckask does not exist
If [ -d /etc/rc0.d ]If there is a directory named /etc/rc0.d
Review Week Three Lab Assignment
Perl is a simple language that compiles and executes like a shell or batch type file.
Perl doesn’t impose special growth limitations on an array or data strings
Perl is a composite of C, awk, and Basic.
Perl was originally developed to manipulate text information.
Review Week Three Lab Assignment• Perl’s capabilities range from
- System administration- Web development- Network programming- GUI development
• Perl’s major features are- Procedural Programming makes use of simple
sequential steps, routines, subroutines, and methods.
- Object Oriented Programming (OOP) makes use of “objects”. The key elements of are inheritance, modularity, polymorphism, and encapsulation.
Review Week Three Lab AssignmentPerl and Shell SimilaritiesPerl scalar@ARGV ~ Shell $#Perl $ARGV[0] ~ Shell $1Perl $ARGV[1] ~ Shell $2Perl unless(scalar(@ARGV)==2) ~ Shell if [ $# != 2]All Perl statements are terminated with a “;”Perl exit 0 is returned if execution was
successful.Perl exit 1 is returned if execution fails.
Review Week Three Lab AssignmentPerl syntax$? - this variable contains the return value # - precedes a comment statement in Perl\n - new line syntax“ …” $strexp = “This text is considered as a
string”;‘ …’ $charexp = ‘a’;` …` $cmdexp = `ls –l`;@ARGV – array containing command line
arguments$_ - default implied scalar
Review Week Three Lab Assignment
There are two types of relational operators. One class operates on numeric values, the other on string values.
Relational operators
Numeric String Meaning
> gt Greater than
>= ge Greater than or equal
< lt Less than
<= le Less than or equal
Review Week Three Lab Assignment
Equality Operators
Numeric String Meaning
== eq Equal to
!= ne Not equal to
cmp Comparison, sign results
-1 if the left operand is less
0 If both operands equal
1 If the left operand is greater
Review Week Three Lab Assignment
Commands
cal –y (display a calendar for the year)
cal –j 2010 (display Julian dates)
cal –m 2010 (display Monday first day)
cal –s 2010 (display Sunday first day)
cal 9 2010 (display September 2010 month)
Week Four Expected OutcomesLearning Outcomes• Write Perl scripts, including variables, control
flow, and regular expression syntax
Next Lab Assignment
• Perl is designed to
- Process text data
- Perform pattern matching
- Utilize string handling tasks• Perl is available on many platforms
- UNIX
- Linux
- HP-UX
Next Lab Assignment
Perl utilizes two types of categories- Singular variables that represent a
single- value. The variable prefix symbol for a scalar is the $.
- Plural variables are ones that contain multiple-values. Arrays and hashes are two multi-valued variables.
Next Lab Assignment
Perl data types $answer = 42; (an integer)
$pi = 3.14159265; (a “real” number)$animal = “horse”; (string)$statement = “I exercise my $animal”; (string with
interpolation)$amount = ‘It cost me $5.00’; (string without
interpolation)$cwd = `pwd`; (string output from a
command)
Next Lab Assignment@garage = (“car”, “mower”, “broom”);
Definition: An array is an ordered list of scalars, accessed by the scalar’s position in the list.
@persons = (“Will”, “Karim”, “Asma”, “Jay”);
$count = @persons;
Demonstrate:
Execute week_four.pl script
Next Lab AssignmentOpen Statement
The open function can be used to create file handles for different purposes (input, output, piping), you need to be able to specify which behavior you want.
Next Lab Assignmentopen functions
open(file_handler, “file_name”)
open(file_handler, “<file_name”)
open (file_handler, “>file_name”)
open (file_handler, “>>file_name”)
Next Lab AssignmentFilehandle is utilized for both input and output
files. Most file names are cryptic and are meaningless to programmers. The purpose of a filehandle is to help the programmer remember a simple file name throughout a program.
A filehandle is a name given for a file, device, socket, or pipe.
Filehandle command line format:open(filehandle, file name, permissions, chmod);
Example: open($FH,$file_name);
Next Lab AssignmentWhat is List Processing?
@math_array = (6 - 4, 4 * 4, 8 / 2, 9 - 8);while ( … ) {
…}
Next Lab AssignmentWhat is a for loop?
for (counter = 0; counter < 10; counter++) {
…}Three expressions are contained in a for loop: 1. Set initial state of the loop variable2. Condition test the loop variable3. Modify the state of the loop variable
Next Lab Assignmentforeach VAR (List){
…}
Demonstrate: Execute read_list.pl script
@myNames = ('Larry', 'Curly', 'Moe');foreach (@myNames) {
print $_;}
Demonstrate: Execute sum_list.pl script
Next Lab Assignment#!/usr/bin/perl -w# Author: Bob D'Andrea# Script name: arry_sort.pl# Command line: ./arry_sort.pl@dudes = ( "Bob", "Jake", "Sam", "Ken", "Rockie",
"Homer" );@dudes = sort(@dudes);@chicks = ( "Jamie", "Gloria", "Sue", "Brittany" );@chicks = sort(@chicks);print " @dudes","\n";print " @chicks","\n";
Demonstrate : array_sort.pl
Next lab assignmentPerl Program Statement
#!/usr/bin/perl #!/usr/bin/perl -w
Print continuation statementprint "error: incorrect number of arguments", "\n", "usage: intlist a b (where a < b)", "\n";Demonstrate:
Execute linenum.pl and intlist.pl scripts.
Break-out problems• $strexp = “This text is considered as a string”;• $intexp = 10;• $floatptexp = 2.54;• $charexp = ‘a’;• $cmdexp = `ls –l`;• $argexp = (“two”, “four”, “six”);• @array_exp = (“Jackie”, “Vicki”, “Alex”);• $array [0] = “new value”;• $a = $b + 5;• $container = @container;• ($map{blue}, $map{orange}, $map{jade}) = (0xff0000, 0x00ff00,
0x0000ff0);
Next Lab Assignment
Programming Perl text book reading
Chapter One
Chapter Two
Upcoming deadlines
Lab Assignment 3-1 is due on May 18, 2011.
Lab Assignment 4-1 is due on May 25, 2011
Lab Assignment 6-1 is due on June 8, 2011
Lab Assignment 5-1 is due on June 15, 2011
Lab Assignment 7-1, Midterm exam administered from June 6 through 11.
Midterm outline will be posted on the Bulletin Board by May 30, 2011.
Questions and answers
• Questions• Comments• Concerns
• After class, I will help students with their scripts.