Wednesday 10/1 Wednesday 10/1 wk wk 88

1. How many times a day do 1. How many times a day do Muslims pray?Muslims pray?

2. What is the name of the 2. What is the name of the month that Muslims fast during month that Muslims fast during daylight hours?daylight hours?

Islam After Islam After Muhammad’s DeathMuhammad’s Death

Ch 3.3Ch 3.3

Pg 99Pg 99

New Muslim Leaders EmergeNew Muslim Leaders Emerge

► The leaders following Muhammad continued The leaders following Muhammad continued to spread the Prophet’s message.to spread the Prophet’s message.

► Muhammad’s DeathMuhammad’s Death► Abu BakrAbu Bakr

Muhammad’s DeathMuhammad’s Death

► Died in June 632Died in June 632► Was 63 years oldWas 63 years old► Is buried in Medina, Is buried in Medina,

where he diedwhere he died

► Trusted friendTrusted friend► Muhammad’s father-in-Muhammad’s father-in-

lawlaw married Abu Bakr’s married Abu Bakr’s

daughter A’ishahdaughter A’ishah

► Became the first caliphBecame the first caliph Restored calm to Muslim Restored calm to Muslim

communitycommunity Reunited the Muslim Reunited the Muslim

empireempire Began to expand the area Began to expand the area

under Muslim controlunder Muslim control

Rightly Guided CaliphRightly Guided Caliph

►The caliphs who expanded the Muslim The caliphs who expanded the Muslim Empire showed tolerance to those they Empire showed tolerance to those they conquered.conquered.

““Rightly Guided” CaliphsRightly Guided” Caliphs►Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, AliAbu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali

The Empire ExpandsThe Empire Expands Religious ToleranceReligious Tolerance

““Rightly Guided” CaliphsRightly Guided” Caliphs

►Refers to the first four caliphsRefers to the first four caliphs►Used the Qur’an and Muhammad’s Used the Qur’an and Muhammad’s

actions to guide themactions to guide them

The first 4 CaliphsThe first 4 Caliphs

►Abu BakrAbu Bakr►UmarUmar►UthmanUthman►AliAli

The Empire ExpandsThe Empire Expands

Religious ToleranceReligious Tolerance

►FreedomsFreedoms Christians and Jews not forced to become Christians and Jews not forced to become

MuslimMuslim Did not have to be in militaryDid not have to be in military Could hold public officeCould hold public office

►RestrictionsRestrictions Had to pay a special taxHad to pay a special tax Could not convert others to their religionCould not convert others to their religion

A Split in IslamA Split in Islam

► The issues of how to choose leaders divided The issues of how to choose leaders divided the Muslim community.the Muslim community.

SunniSunni Shi’aShi’aEarly CaliphsEarly Caliphs first 4 caliphs werefirst 4 caliphs were only Ali was only Ali was

rightfulrightful

rightful rulersrightful rulers rulerruler

Muslim rulerMuslim ruler any Muslim who followedany Muslim who followed only a descendant may only a descendant may Muhammad may ruleMuhammad may rule be imam or be imam or

rulerule

Sources of IslamSources of Islam Qur’an and Sunnah ofQur’an and Sunnah of Qur’an Qur’an Sunnah and Sunnah and

MuhammadMuhammad teachings of teachings of ImamImam