Websters Worksheets

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Webster's Essential Mini Dictionary Dictionary Guide Worksheets Photocopiable activities for learning dictionary skills Designed for use with the Webster's Essential Mini Dictionary

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  • Webster's Essential Mini Dictionary

    Dictionary Guide WorksheetsPhotocopiable activities for learning dictionary skills

    Designed for use with the Webster's Essential Mini Dictionary

  • c a m b r i d g e u n i v e r s i t y p r e s sCambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, So Paulo, Delhi, Dubai, Tokyo

    Cambridge University Press32 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013www.cambridge.org

    Cambridge University Press 2011

    It is normally necessary for written permission for copying to be obtained in advance from a publisher. These worksheets are designed to be copied and distributed in class. The normal requirements are waived here and it is not necessary to write to Cambridge University Press for permission for an individual teacher to make copies for use within his or her own classroom. Only those pages that carry the wording Copyright Cambridge University Press may be copied.

    Design: Boag Associates; Claire Parson

  • These Dictionary Guide Worksheets are downloadable versions of the Guide to the Dictionary presented in the Ventures Dictionary. The Guide is designed to help you develop skills in using a dictionary.

    The worksheets are grouped as five separate units, which can be used for independent study or in a class.

    Unit 1: Finding your way around the dictionary

    What is an entry?Alphabetical orderFinding an entrySpelling

    Unit 2: Information about the word

    Irregular forms: verbsIrregular forms: nounsIrregular forms: adjectivesPronunciationsVocabulary levels

    Unit 3: Parts of speech

    NounPronounDeterminerAdjectivePrepositionVerb, auxiliary verbPhrasal verbAdverbConjunction

    Unit 4: The entry for the word

    DefinitionsPhrasesExample sentencesPictures

    Unit 5: More about the word

    Formal and informalRelated wordsOppositesCommon mistake notes

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  • Websters Essential Mini DictionaryDictionary Guide WorksheetsCopyright Cambridge University Press 2011 Unit 1: Finding your way around the dictionary 1

    Unit 1: Finding your way around the dictionary

    What is an entry?

    A dictionary entry tells you what a word means and how to use it. At the beginning of each entry in this dictionary is the main form of the word, in color. This is the headword. A headword can be one word (light) or it can be more than one word (light bulb).

    This guide will help you to use the entries in this dictionary. It will show you how to look for the entry you want and what information you will find in the entry.

    Alphabetical order

    The English alphabet has 26 letters. The order of the letters is:

    Small letters: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

    Capital letters: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

    The entries in the dictionary are in alphabetical order. We ignore spaces and punctuation marks when putting words in alphabetical order. For example, fairy tale is found between the words fairy and faith.

    If you are trying to decide the alphabetical order of two words with the same first letter, look at the second letter. Go through each letter of the word from left to right until you find a letter that is different. The first letter that is differ-ent shows you what order the words should be in.

    To help you remember the alphabetical order of English, the alphabet is shown down the side of each page of the dictionary.

    1 Put these words in alphabetical order.

    table book light pencil chair sock yacht hair

    1 2 3 4

    5 6 7 8

    2 Put these words in alphabetical order.

    talk take thank teacher tall today Thursday tongue

    1 2 3 4

    5 6 7 8

    Finding an entry

    When you open the dictionary, you will see a word at the top of each page. These help you to find the page that the word you are looking for is on. The word at the top of the left page is the first entry on that page, and the word at the top of the right page is the last entry on that page. If the word you are looking for comes in alphabetical order between these two words, it will be on the two pages you are looking at.

  • Websters Essential Mini DictionaryDictionary Guide WorksheetsCopyright Cambridge University Press 2011 Unit 1: Finding your way around the dictionary 2

    3 Draw a line from the headword to the words that it will appear between.

    1 good port... ...praise

    2 police wed... ...which

    3 early goal... ...grandchild

    4 whale point... ...population

    5 poster DVD... ...easy

    4 Which of these words will you find on the pages that start with mouse and end with must? Draw a line under the words that will be on these two pages.

    mouth more much mood my mug

    move Mr. mother mustnt music Ms.

    Spelling

    The dictionary entries show the correct spellings of words. Sometimes words can be spelled in more than one way, or another word can be used with exactly the same meaning. These different spellings or different words are shown in parentheses at the beginning of the entries:

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    advantage /Kd(vBn.tIdJ / noun1 Bsomething good that helps you:One advantage of living in town is beingclose to all the stores. 2 take advantageof somethingB to use the things thatare good or that can help you in a situa-tion: Take advantage of the tness centerwhile you're here. 3 take advantage ofsomeone/something to treat someoneor something badly in order to get whatyou want: I think she takes advantage ofhis generosity.

    adventure /Kd(ven.tSKr / noun Danexciting and sometimes dangerous ex-perience: Our trip to Africa was an amaz-ing adventure.

    adventurous /Kd(ven.tSKr.Ks / adjAn adventurous person likes to try newor difcult things: I'm going to be moreadventurous with my cooking.

    adverb / (Bd)vErb / noun Da word thatgives more information about a verb,adjective, phrase, or other adverb. Inthe sentence He ate quickly, quicklyis an adverb.

    advertise / (Bd.vKr)tAIz / verb (present parti-ciple advertising, past tense and past participleadvertised) 1 B to tell people abouta product or service, on television, onthe Internet, in newspapers, etc., so thatpeople will buy it: Companies are not al-lowed to advertise cigarettes on televi-sion. 2 B to put information in anewspaper, on the Internet, etc., askingfor someone or something that youneed:My company is advertising for anew receptionist.

    advertisement / )Bd.vKr(tAIz.mKnt /noun Da picture, short movie, etc.that is designed to persuade people tobuy something: a newspaper/television/online advertisement

    advertising / (Bd.vKr)tAI.zIN / noun [noplural] the business of persuading peo-ple to buy products or services: Sarahworks in advertising.

    advice /Kd(vAIs / noun [no plural]Dsuggestions about what you thinksomeone should do: This book gives

    advice on savingmoney. I took your ad-vice and went home early. Can I giveyou a piece of advice?

    Commonmistake: advice

    Remember that this word is notcountable.I need some advice.I need an advice.To make advice singular, say a pieceof advice.

    Commonmistake: advice oradvise?

    Be careful not to confuse the nounadvice with the verb advise.I advise you to see a lawyer.I advice you to see a lawyer.

    advise /Kd(vAIz / verb (present participleadvising, past tense and past participleadvised) B to tell someone that he orshe should do something: I would ad-vise him to see a doctor.

    adviser /Kd(vAI.zKr / noun (also advisor)someone whose job is to give adviceabout a subject: a nancial adviser

    aerobics /eK(roU.bIks / noun [no plural]physical exercises that you do to music,especially in a class

    aerosol / (eKr.K)sFl / nouna metal container thatforces liquid out in smalldrops when you press abutton

    affair /K(feKr / noun1 a sexual relationshipbetween two people when one or bothof them is married to someone else: Hehad an affairwith a woman at work.2 a situation, especially a bad one: Theway the mayor's ofce is handling the af-fair is being criticized.

    affairs /K(feKrz / plural noun situationsthat involve a particular subject or aparticular type of person: an expert onforeign affairs the university ofce ofstudent affairs

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    date: Applications have to be in by the31st. 4 Bnear or next to: I'll meet youby the post ofce. 5 holding a particu-lar part of someone or something: Shegrabbed me by the arm. 6 past: He spedby me on a motorcycle. 7 used to showmeasurements or amounts: twelve by tenfeet of oor space I'm paid by the hour.

    by2 /bAI / adv past: I sat there, watchingpeople walk by.

    bye /bAI / exclamation (also bye-bye)Agoodbye: Bye, see you tomorrow.

    byte /bAIt / noun a unit for measuringthe amount of information a computercan store

    CcC, c / si / the third letter of the alphabet

    c. written abbreviation for cup: a measure-ment used in cooking

    C written abbreviation for Celsius or centi-grade: 30C

    cab /kBb / noun informal Ba taxi (=carthat you pay to travel in): We took a cabto the theater.

    cabbage / (kBb.IdJ / noun Ba large,round vegetable with a lot of green orwhite leaves

    cabin / (kBb.In / noun 1 B the areawhere most people sit on a plane 2 asmall house made of wood: a log cabin3 a small room to sleep in on a ship: Wehad a cabin on the top deck.

    cabinet / (kBb.K.nKt / noun 1 a group ofpeople in a government who advise theleader: A member of the Cabinet 2 acupboard with shelves or drawers:kitchen cabinetsc See The Kitchen on page C10

    cable / (keI.bKl / noun 1 B [no plural] thesystem of sending television programsor telephone signals along wires in the

    ground: cable TV 2 a wire that carrieselectricity or telephone signals 3 ametal rope

    cactus / (kBk.tKs / noun(plural cacti, cactuses) aplant with thick leavesand sharp points thatgrows in deserts

    cafe (also cafe, /kB(feI /)/kB(feI / noun Aa smallrestaurant where you buydrinks and small meals

    cafeteria / )kBf.K(tIKr.i.K / noun a restau-rant where you pick up and pay foryour food and drink before you eat it: aschool cafeteria

    cage /keIdJ / noun Bacontainer made of wire ormetal bars used for keep-ing birds or animals in: abird cage

    cake /keIk / nounAa sweet foodmade from our,butter, sugar, andeggs mixed to-gether and baked: achocolate cakec See Food on page C7

    calculate / (kBl.kjK)leIt / verb (present parti-ciple calculating, past tense and past participlecalculated) to discover an amount ornumber using mathematics: I'm tryingto calculate the cost of the trip.

    calculation / )kBl.kjK(leI.SKn / noun theuse of mathematics to nd a number oramount

    calculator / (kBl.kjK)leI.tKr / noun Basmall machine that you use to do math-ematics

    calendar / (kBl.Kn.dKr / nounDsomething that shows all the days,weeks, and months of the year

    calf /kBf / noun (plural calves) 1 Bayoung cow 2 the back of your leg be-low your kneec See The Body on page C2

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    the thread through 3 keep an eye onsomeone/something to watch or takecare of someone or something: Couldyou keep an eye on the kids for a mo-ment? 4 in someone's eyes in some-one's opinion: In my parents' eyes, I'llalways be a child.

    eyebrow /(AI)brAU/ noun the thin lineof hair that is above each eyec See picture at eye noun (1)c See The Body on page C2

    eyelash /(AI)lBS/ noun (also lash) one ofthe short hairs that grow from the edgeof your eyelids: false eyelashesc See picture at eye noun (1)

    eyelid /(AI)lId/ noun the piece of skinthat covers your eyes when you closethemc See picture at eye noun (1)

    eyesight /(AI)sAIt/ noun [no plural] theability to see:My eyesight is gettingworse.

    FfF, f /ef/the sixth letter of the alphabet

    F written abbreviation for Fahrenheit: a mea-surement of temperature: a body tem-perature of 98.6F

    fable /(feI.bKl/ noun a short story thatshows people how to behave

    fabric /(fBb.rIk/ noun cloth: a light cot-ton fabric

    fabulous /(fBb.jK.lKs/ adj very good:They have a fabulous house.

    face1 /feIs/ noun1 the front part of thehead where the eyes,nose, and mouth are:She has a long, thinface. 2 the front orsurface of something:the north face of themountain a clock face

    3 face to face Abeing with someonein the same place: We need to talk face toface. 4 make a face B to show withyour face that you do not like someoneor something: Joe made a face when hesaw what was for lunch. 5 to some-one's face If you say something tosomeone's face, you say it to the persondirectly, when you are with him or her:If you have something to say, say it to myface.

    face2 /feIs/ verb (present participle facing,past tense and past participle faced) 1 B tobe or turn in a particular direction: Theroom faces south. She turned to facehim. 2 to have a problem: Passengerscould face long delays. 3 to accept thatsomething unpleasant is true and startto deal with the situation: I think he hasto face the fact that she no longer loveshim. 4 let's face it used before you saysomething that is bad but true: Let'sface it, we are not going to win this game.5 can't face (doing) something to notwant to do something or deal withsomething because it is difcult or un-pleasant: I can't face walking up all thosesteps again.face up to something phrasal verb to ac-cept that a difcult situation exists andis something you must deal with: Even-tually he faced up to his money problems.

    face-to-face /(feIs.tK(feIs/ adj Bbe-tween people who are in the sameplace: a face-to-facemeeting

    facilities /fK(sIl.K.tiz/ plural nounBequipment or services that are pro-vided for a particular purpose: childcare/exercise facilities

    facility /fK(sIl.K.ti/ noun a building orset of rooms that is designed or used fora particular purpose: a sports/military fa-cility

    fact /fBkt/ noun 1 Bsomething thatyou know is true, exists, or has hap-pened: No decision will be made until weknow all the facts. The real problem isthe fact thatwe cannot agree. 2 infact/in actual fact Dused to say whatis really true: I was told there were some

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    c Opposite uneven adj

    even2 /(i.vKn/ adv 1 Dused to empha-size something that is surprising: Every-one danced, even Mick. I said hello, buthe didn't even look at me. 2 even bet-ter, faster, smaller, etc. Dused whencomparing things, to emphasize the dif-ference: Alex will be even taller than hisfather. 3 even if used to say that noth-ing will change if something happens:Even if you take a taxi, you'll still missyour train. 4 even though although:He went to work even though he wasn'twell.

    evening /(iv.nIN/ noun B the part ofthe day between the afternoon and thenight: Are you doing anything this eve-ning?

    evenly /(i.vKn.li/ adv into equalamounts: They divided the prize moneyevenly between them.

    even number /(i.vKn (nVm.bKr/ noun anumber that can be exactly divided bytwo, for example four, six, or eightc Opposite odd number noun

    event /I(vent/ noun 1 Asomethingthat happens, especially something im-portant or strange: Local people havebeen shocked by recent events in thetown. 2 Ba race, party, competition,etc. that has been organized for a par-ticular time: They organize a lot of socialevents.

    eventually /I(ven.tSu.K.li/ adv in theend, especially after a long time: We allhope that an agreement can be reachedeventually.

    ever /(ev.Kr/ adv 1 Bat any time: Haveyou ever been skiing? No one ever callsme anymore. 2 ever since Dalwayssince that time: We met in high schooland have been friends ever since.3 hardly ever Balmost never:Wehardly ever go out these days. 4 ever sovery: He smiled ever so slightly.c See also forever

    every /(ev.ri/ determiner 1 Beach oneof a group of people or things: He knowsthe name of every child in the school.

    2 Aused to show that something is re-peated regularly: They go camping everysummer.

    Commonmistake: every

    When every is followed by body,one, thing, or where, you write thewords together.Everybody needs to bring somethingto eat.Can everyone see that?Do you have everything you need?I've looked everywhere for it.In other situations you use every as aseparate word.You have to show your membershipcard every time you go.Do you go jogging every morning?

    everybody /(ev.ri)bAd.i/, /(ev.ri)bVd.i/pronoun Aanother word for everyone

    everyone /(ev.ri)wVn/, /(ev.ri.wKn/pronoun (also everybody) Devery per-son: I've received a reply from everyonenow. Everyone agreed with the decision.

    everything /(ev.ri)hIN/ pronoun1 Dall things or each thing: They losteverything in the re. What's the matter,Nick, is everything all right? 2 every-thing else all the other things: The meattasted strange, but everything else wasokay.

    everywhere /(ev.ri)hweKr/ adv D inor to every place: I've looked every-where, but I still can't nd that letter.

    evidence /(ev.I.dKns/ noun [no plural]1 something that makes you believethat something is true or exists: evi-dence of global warming There is no sci-entic evidence that the drug is harmful.2 information that is given or thingsthat are shown in a court of law to helpto prove that someone has done acrime: He was arrested despite the lack ofevidence against him.

    evident /(ev.I.dKnt/ adj formal obvious toeveryone and easy to see or under-stand: It was evident from his voice thathe was upset.

  • Websters Essential Mini DictionaryDictionary Guide WorksheetsCopyright Cambridge University Press 2011 Unit 2: Information about the word 1

    Unit 2: Information about the word

    Irregular forms

    Some forms of nouns, verbs, and adjectives have special forms or spellings. These are irregular forms. Irregular forms are shown at the beginning of the entry:

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    are part of a company: a bank withbranches all over the country 3 a part ofa subject: Geometry is a branch ofmath-ematics.

    brand /brBnd / noun a product that ismade by a particular company:Whichbrand of toothpaste do you use?

    brand new / (brBnd (nu /, / (brBn (nu / adjBcompletely new: a brand new car

    brandy / (brBn.di / noun (plural brandies)a strong alcoholic drink made from wine

    brass /brBs / noun [no plural] a shiny yel-low metal: a door with a brass handle

    brave /breIv / adj BNot afraid of dan-gerous or difcult situations:He died af-ter a brave ght against cancer.

    bravely advbravery / (breI.vK.ri / noun [no plural]actions or behavior that show someoneis brave

    bread /bred / noun [no plural] Aa basicfood made by mixing and baking ourand water: a slice of bread a loaf ofwhite breadc See Quantities on page C14

    break1 /breIk / verb (present participlebreaking, past tense broke, past participlebroken) 1 D to separate into two ormore pieces, or to make somethingseparate into two or more pieces: Theyhad to break a window to get in.2 D to damage a bone in your body:She broke her leg in the accident.3 D to stop working or to make some-thing stop working:Who broke the TV?4 B to stop an activity and have ashort rest: Let's break for ve minutesand have some coffee. 5 to come to anend or make something come to anend: Eventually someone spoke, breakingthe silence. 6 to not do something thatyou should do: I don't like to breakpromises. 7 break the law to do some-thing that the law says you must not dobreak down phrasal verb B If a car ormachine breaks down, it stops working:My car broke down on the way to work.break into something phrasal verbB to get into a building or car using

    force, usually to steal something: Some-one broke into the ofce and stole somecomputers.break off phrasal verb to become sepa-rated from something by force: A largepiece of ice had broken off from the iceberg.break something off phrasal verb 1 toseparate something from somethingelse by breaking it: He broke off a pieceof chocolate. 2 to end something sud-denly: She broke off the engagement twoweeks before the wedding.break out phrasal verb If somethingdangerous or unpleasant breaks out, itsuddenly starts: The re broke out in theearly morning. War broke out in 1914.break up phrasal verb B to stop havinga relationship: He just broke up with hisgirlfriend.

    break2 /breIk / noun 1 D the act ofstopping an activity for a short time,usually to rest: a coffee break 2 Bavacation or period of time away fromwork or school: spring break 3 Baplace where something has broken: Thex-ray shows a bad break in her arm.breakdown / (breIk)dAUn / noun 1 (alsonervous breakdown) a short period ofmental illness 2 an occasion when acar or machine stops workingbreakfast / (brek.fKst / noun A the foodyou eat in the morning after you wake upbreast /brest / noun Bone of the twosoft, round parts on a woman's chestbreath /breh / noun 1 B [no plural] theair that comes out of your lungs: His

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    go over something phrasal verb to ex-amine something, such as a piece ofwriting or some numbers, in order tomake sure that it is correct: I'm just go-ing over my essay one more time.go through something phrasal verb tohave a difcult or bad situation: She'sgoing through a difcult time with herjob.go up phrasal verb B to become higherin level: House prices keep going up.

    goal /QoUl/ noun 1 Ba point scored insports such as soccer, by sending a ballinto a particular area, such as betweentwo posts: He scored two goals in the sec-ond half. 2 D in some sports, the areabetween two posts where players try tosend the ballc See Sports 2 on page C16 3 Dsome-thing that you want to do in the future:Andy's goal is to run in the New York Mar-athon.

    goalkeeper/(QoUl)ki.pKr/ nounB the player in asport such as soc-cer who tries tostop the ball fromgoing into the goal

    goat /QoUt/ nounBan animal with horns that is kept forthe milk it makes

    god /QAd/ noun 1 God B in certain re-ligions, the being that made the uni-verse and controls it 2 Ohmy God!informal Dused to emphasize how sur-prised, angry, shocked, etc. you are: Ohmy God! The car got stolen. 3 thankGod informal Bsomething you saywhen you are happy because somethingbad did not happen: Thank God nobodywas hurt in the accident. 4 a spirit, es-pecially a male one, that people pray to:the ancient Greek gods and goddesses

    goddess /(QAd.Ks/ noun a female spiritthat people pray to: the ancient goddessof love

    goggles /(QAQ.Klz/ noun special glassesfor protecting your eyes: a pair of gogglesc See Sports 1 on page C15

    gold1 /QoUld/ noun [no plural] Ba valu-able, shiny, yellowmetal used to makecoins and jewelry

    gold2 /QoUld/ adj 1 Dmade of gold:gold jewelry 2 Dbeing the shiny yel-low color of gold: gold paint

    golden /(QoUl.dKn/ adj Dbeing abright yellow color: golden hair

    goldsh /(QoUld)fIS/ noun (plural goldsh)a small orange sh that is often kept asa pet

    golf /QAlf/ noun [no plural] Da gameyou play by hitting a small ball with along, thin stick into holes on a largearea of grass: a golf ballc See picture at ballc See Sports (2) on page C16

    golfer noungolf course /(QAlf )kFrs/ noun an areaof land used for playing golf

    gone /QFn/, /QAn/past participle of go

    good1 /QUd/ adj (comparative better, superla-tive best) 1 Denjoyable or nice: agood book Did you have a good time atthe party? 2 Aof a high quality: Thefood at this restaurant is very good.3 Aable to do something well: Anna isa good cook. 4 Akind or helpful: She'sa good friend. 5 Asomething you saywhen you are happyabout something:Oh good, he nally got here.6 Ahaving a positive or useful effect:Fruit is good for you. 7 A informalsomething that you say when a personasks how you are or how someone youknow is: How are you, Emily? I'mgood, thanks! 8 AA good child oranimal behaves well. 9 Dsuitable orsatisfactory:When would be a good timeto call? 10 Dmorally right: a goodperson

    Commonmistake: good orwell?

    Good is an adjective and is used todescribe nouns.She's a good cook.Her children had a good education.

    Irregular forms of verbs

    Past tenses that are not regular are shown at the entry for the verb. There is also a list of irregular verbs at the back of the book that shows the infinitive form of the verb, its past tense, and the past participle.

    Irregular forms have their own entries, which tell you to go to the main form of the word:

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    one who has arrived in a place: Bothfamilies were there to welcome us. 2 tobe happy about something and want itto happen: The decision was welcomedby everybody.

    welcome3 /(wel.kKm/ noun B the actof saying hello to someone who arrivessomewhere: He was given a warmwel-come by his fans.

    welfare /(wel.feKr/ noun [no plural]1 someone's welfare is his or her healthand happiness: He is concerned about thewelfare of homeless people. 2 money orhelp that a government gives to peoplewho are poor or do not have jobs:wel-fare payments

    well1 /wel/ adj (comparative better, superla-tive best) Bhealthy: You look well! I'm not very well.

    well2 /wel/ adv 1 A in a good way: Ithought they played well. He's doingwell in school. 2 A in a complete wayor as much as possible: I know him verywell. 3well done!Dused to tell some-one how happy you are about their suc-cess: I scored three goals! Well done!4 as well Aalso: Are you going to inviteSteve as well? 5 as well as somethingA in addition to something: They havelived in California as well as Oregon.6 oh well Aused to say that a situa-tion cannot be changed although itmight be disappointing: Oh well, you'llhave plenty of other chances to nd a job.7 all is well Beverything is in a goodor acceptable state: I hope all is well withZack. 8 may/might as well used to saythat it is better to do something, eventhough it is not a lot better: It's not rain-ing, so we might as well walk there.

    well3 /wel/ exclamation Bsomethingyou say before you start speaking: Areyou coming to my party? Well, I'm notsure.

    well4 /wel/ noun a deep hole in theground from which you can get water,oil, or gas

    we'll /wil/ short form of we will: We'll behome on Friday.

    well behaved /(wel bI(heIvd/ adj be-having in a polite and quiet way: Thechildren are polite and well behaved. awell-behaved child

    well dressed /(wel (drest/ adjAwearing attractive, good qualityclothes: a well-dressed woman

    well known /(wel (noUn/ adj B fa-mous: These pictures show her before shewas well known. a well-known actor

    well off /(wel (Ff/ adj having a lot ofmoney: Her parents are really well off. awell-off family

    well paid /(wel (peId/ adj earning a lotof money: a well-paid job

    went /went/ past tense of gowept /wept/ past tense and past participle ofweep

    were /wEr/ past tense of be, used withyou, we, and they: They werehappy.

    we're /wIKr/ short form of we are: Hurry!We're late!

    weren't /wErnt/, /(wEr.Knt/ short form ofwere not: They weren't there.

    west, West /west/ noun [no plural]1 D the direction that you face to seethe sun go down:Which way is west?2 the west D the part of an area thatis farther toward the west than the rest:The west of the state has a lot of farms.3 the West the countries of NorthAmerica and western Europe

    west adj D the west shore of the lake West Virginia

    west adv DWe drove west.western, Western /(wes.tKrn/ adj 1 inor from the west part of an area:westernConnecticut 2 related to the countriesof North America and western Europe:a Western diplomat

    wet /wet/ adj (comparative wetter, superlativewettest) 1 Dcovered in water or an-other liquid: a wet towel 2 D raining:a wet and windy day 3 Dnot dry yet:wet paint

    we've /wiv/ short form of we have: We'vebeen waiting for you.

    5 Write the past tense and past participle of these verbs.

    past tense past participle

    1 break

    2 make

    3 get

    4 swim

    5 take

    Irregular forms of nouns

    To make most nouns plural, you normally add s, for example, book, books. Some nouns do not have this regular plural form. If a plural form of a noun is not regular, it is shown in parentheses after the headword:

    When is Ruth coming? Shell be heresoon.

    shed1 /ed / nouna small building used to keep thingssuch as tools: a garden shed

    shed2 /ed / verb (shedding, shed)shed leaves, skin, hair, etc. to losesomething because it falls off: A lot oftrees shed their leaves in the autumn.

    shed /id /1 short form of she had: By the time Igot there, shed fallen asleep.2 short form of she would: She knew thatshed be late.

    sheep /ip / noun(plural sheep)A1 a farm animalwhose skin iscovered with wool: aflock of sheep

    sheer /r / adj1 used to say that a feeling or qualityis very strong: a look of sheer delight sheer determination2 very steep: a sheer cliff face

    sheet /it / noun1 B1 a large piece of cloth on a bedthat you lie on or under2 a sheet of paper, glass, metal, etc.A2 a flat piece of paper, glass, etc.

    shelf /elf / noun (plural shelves /elvz /)A2 a board used to put things on,often attached to a wall: kitchenshelves

    shell /el / nounthe hard outer covering of some crea-

    tures and of eggs,nuts, or seeds: asnails shell

    shell /il /short form of she will:Shell be away untilTuesday.

    shellfish / elf /noun [no plural]sea creatures thatlive in shells and areeaten as food

    shelter1 / eltr /noun1 a place that protects you from badweather or danger: a bomb shelter2 [no plural] protection from badweather or danger: We took shelterfrom the rain in a doorway.

    shelter2 / eltr / verbto go under a cover or inside a build-ing to be protected from bad weatheror danger: We sheltered from the rainunder a tree.

    shepherd / epd / nounsomeone whose job is to look aftersheep

    sheriff / erf / nounan elected law officer in the US

    shes /iz /1 short form of she is: Shes very nice.2 short form of she has: Shes beenworking very hard.

    shield1 /ild / nouna large, flat object that soldiers hold infront of their bodies to protect them-selves

    shield2 /ild / verbto protect someone or somethingfrom something bad: She shielded hereyes from the sun.

    shift /ft / noun1 a change in something: There hasbeen a shift in public opinion on thismatter.2 a period of work in a place such asa factory or hospital: a night shift

    shin /n / nounthe front part of a leg between theknee and the footf See The Body on page C2

    shed 362

    father | bird | i see | saw | u too | a my | a how | e hair | e day | no | near | boy | pure | a fire | a sour |

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    6 Look up these nouns. Write down their plural form.

    1 bookshelf

    2 child

    3 foot

    4 man

    5 mouse

    6 potato

    bookshelves

  • Websters Essential Mini DictionaryDictionary Guide WorksheetsCopyright Cambridge University Press 2011 Unit 2: Information about the word 2

    7 sheep

    8 wife

    7 Look up these nouns. Put a line under the correct plural form.

    1 city cities citys cityes

    2 life lifes lifs lives

    3 fireman firemans firemen firemens

    4 tomato tomatoes tomatos tomates

    Irregular forms of adjectives

    Adjectives can have different forms. The comparative form is used to show that someone or something has more of a particular quality than someone or something else. To make the regular comparative form, you either add er to the end of the adjective or use the word more before it.

    The superlative form of adjectives is used to show that someone or something has more of a particular quality than anyone or anything else. To make the regular superlative form, you either add est to the end of the adjective or use the word most before it.

    Comparative and superlative forms that are not regular are shown at the be-ginning of the entry:

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    fantastic /fBn(tBs.tIk/ adj informalBvery good: He looks fantastic in thatsuit.fantasy /(fBn.tK.si/ noun (plural fantasies)a pleasant situation or event that youimagine, which is not real or true:Steve's fantasy was to have a big houseand an expensive car.FAQ /fBk/ noun a set of questions thatmany people ask when they use the In-ternet or a computer program, or a doc-ument containing these questions andtheir answersfar1 /fAr/ adv 1 Dused to talk abouthow distant something is: How far is itto the supermarket? 2 very much:Young people are far more independentthese days. 3 as far as I know used tosay what you think is true, although youdo not know all the facts: As far as Iknow, they are coming to the party. 4 byfar used to say that something is thebiggest, the best, etc.: This is his bestbook by far. 5 so far Duntil now: Sofar, we haven't made much progress onthe project.far2 /fAr/ adj (comparative farther orfurther, superlative farthest or furthest)describing the part of something that ismost distant from you: His ofce is at thefar end of the hallway.fare /feKr/ noun B the price that youpay to travel on a plane, train, bus, etc.:plane/bus faresfarm /fArm/ noun B land and build-ings used for growing crops and keep-ing animals: a dairy farm (=where cowsare raised for milk)farmer /(fAr.mKr/ noun Asomeonewho owns or takes care of a farmfarming /(fAr.mIN/ noun [no plural]D the job of working on a farmfarmyard /(fArm)jArd/ noun an area ofland with farm buildings around itfarther /(fAr.Kr/ adj, adv comparative offar: more distant: I couldn't walk any far-ther.farthest /(fAr.Kst/ adj, adv superlative offar: most distant: Which planet is farthestfrom the sun?

    fascinated /(fBs.K)neI.tId/ adj very in-terested: They were absolutely fascinatedby the video game.fascinating /(fBs.K)neI.tIN/ adj very in-teresting: a fascinating storyfashion /(fBS.Kn/ noun 1 B the mostpopular style of clothes or behavior at aparticular time: Long hair is in fashionnow. Fur coats have gone out of fash-ion. 2 D [no plural] the business ofmaking and selling clothes: fashionmagazinesfashionable /(fBS.K.nK.bKl/ adjBpopular at a particular time: fashion-able clothesc Opposite unfashionable adj

    fast1 /fBst/ adj 1 Bquick: fast cars afast swimmerc Opposite slow adj 2 If a clock or watchis fast, it shows a time that is later thanthe correct time:My watch is ve min-utes fast.fast2 /fBst/ adv 1 Aquickly:We ran asfast as we could. 2 fast asleep com-pletely asleep (=sleeping) 3 in a rmor tight way: He tried to get away, butshe held him fast.

    Commonmistake: fast

    Remember that there is no adverbfastly. Use the adverbs fast orquickly instead.The situation is changing fast.Alice got dressed very quickly.

    fasten /(fBs.Kn/ verb 1 D to close or at-tach something: Fasten your seat belts.2 to attach one thing to another: He fas-tened the shelf to the wall.fast food /(fBst (fud/ noun [no plural]Bhot food that is served very quicklyin a restaurant because it is alreadymadefat1 /fBt/ adj (comparative fatter, superlativefattest) DSomeone who is fat weighstoo much: She eats all the time but nevergets fat.c Opposite thin adjfat2 /fBt/ noun a solid or liquid sub-stance like oil that is taken from plants

    8 Look up these words. Write their comparative and superlative forms.

    comparative superlative

    1 bad

    2 heavy

    3 lazy

    4 good

    Pronunciations

    Pronunciations are shown after the headword. For example, the pronunciation for the word dog is shown like this: /dg/. The pronunciations are written using the symbols of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The list on the inside front cover of the dictionary tells you how to read the pronunciation symbols. The most difficult symbols are also shown at the bottom of each page, with an example of a word that contains that sound.

  • Websters Essential Mini DictionaryDictionary Guide WorksheetsCopyright Cambridge University Press 2011 Unit 2: Information about the word 3

    The symbols and show you which part of the word to say strongly. The high symbol shows you the part of the word that you should say in the strongest voice. The low symbol shows you the part of the word that you should say in a strong voice, but not as strong as .

    The dictionary entries do not show pronunciation for abbreviations used only in writing, such as Dr., in., and lb..

    9 Look up these words. Draw a line from the word to its pronunciation.

    1 fish /lf/2 dictionary /ru/3 island /sn/4 knee /hwt/5 through /f/6 sign /dkneri/7 laugh /lnd/8 which /ni/

    10 Put a line under the part of the word that has the strongest stress.

    1 doctor 2 incorrect 3 award 4 question

    5 record (noun) 6 record (verb)

    Vocabulary levels A1 A2 B1

    In the dictionary entries you will see the numbers and letters A1, A2, and B1. These are symbols that show you which words or meanings of words are most important for you to learn first. A1 words are the most basic words and should be learned first, followed by A2 words, then B1 words. You can use these levels to decide what the important words are that you need to study.

    11 Look up these words and write down the level for each one.

    1 bread

    2 home (noun)

    3 home (adverb)

    4 lucky

    5 fast (adjective)

    6 fast (adverb)

    7 rainforest

  • Websters Essential Mini DictionaryDictionary Guide WorksheetsCopyright Cambridge University Press 2011 Unit 3: Parts of speech 1

    Unit 3: Parts of speechA part of speech is one of the grammatical groups into which words are divided, such as noun, verb, and adjective. It shows what job each word does in a sentence. In the dictionary, each word has a part of speech label that is shown at the beginning of the entry, after the pronunciation. The names of the parts of speech used in this dictionary are: noun, verb, auxiliary verb, adj, adv, pronoun, preposition, conjunction, quantifier, and exclamation. Phrasal verbs also have a part of speech label.

    When two words have the same spelling but different parts of speech, they have separate entries. For example, bite and bite have the same spelling but are separate because bite is a verb and bite is a noun.

    12 Look up these words. How many parts of speech do they have?

    1 light 2 chat

    3 milk 4 hot

    5 tax 6 home

    13 What part of speech are these words? Look them up in the dictionary to find out.

    1 opinion 2 curious

    3 tent 4 frighten

    5 together 6 within

    Noun

    A noun is a word that refers to a person, object, place, event, substance, idea, feeling, or quality. For example, the words teacher, book, and beauty are nouns.

    14 Look up these words. Draw a line under the words that are nouns.

    hat happy actor between luck chair

    read awful compare house

    Some nouns have only a plural form and cannot be used with a or an. These nouns are called plural nouns and are always used with plural verbs. Nouns such as scissors and glasses are plural nouns.

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    2 to suddenly move away in differentdirections: The crowd scattered at thesound of shots being red.

    scene /sin/ noun 1 Ba short part of amovie, play, or book in which thingshappen in one place: a love scene 2 aview or picture of a place, event, or ac-tivity: scenes of horror 3 a place where abad thing has happened: the scene of thecrime

    scenery /(si.nK.ri/ noun [no plural]1 B the attractive, natural things thatyou see in the countryside 2 the largepictures of buildings, countryside, etc.used on a theater stage

    scent /sent/ noun 1 a nice smell: thesweet scent of orange blossoms 2 a nicesmelling liquid that people put on theirskin

    schedule1 /(skedJ.ul/ noun 1 Ba listof the times and days of classes at aschool, college, university, etc. 2 Dalist of times when buses, trains, etc. ar-rive and leave 3 a list of dates andtimes that shows when things will hap-pen or a plan for them to happen: a pro-ject schedule Will the work be completedon schedule (=at the expected time)?

    schedule2 /(skedJ.ul/ verb to plan anevent for a particular day or time: I needto schedule a doctor's appointment.

    scheduled /(skedJ.uld/ adj planned tohappen at a particular time or on a par-ticular date: The play will start half anhour later than the scheduled time.

    scheme /skim/ noun a plan for doingor organizing something, especially onethat does not follow the usual rules: acreative scheme for making money

    scholar /(skAl.Kr/ noun someone whohas studied a subject and knows a lotabout it: a legal scholar

    scholarship /(skAl.Kr)SIp/ noun anamount of money given to a person byan organization to pay for his or hereducation

    school /skul/ noun 1 Ba place wherechildren go to learn things: I ride my

    bike to school. 2 A [no plural] the timethat you spend at school: I started schoolwhen I was ve. 3 a dance, language,riding, etc. school Da place whereyou can study a particular subject: Shegoes to dance school every Saturday.4 D informal any college or universityschoolchild /(skul)tSAIld/ noun (pluralschoolchildren) Ba child who goesto school: The bus was full of schoolchil-dren.schoolteacher /(skul)ti.tSKr/ nounsomeone who teaches children in aschoolscience /(sAI.Kns/ noun 1 D [no plural]the study of the structure of naturalthings and the way that they behave2 Da particular type of science: Chem-istry, physics, and biology are all sciences.science ction /(sAI.Kns (fIk.SKn/ noun

    [no plural] (also sci-, /(sAI(fAI/) Bstoriesabout life in the future or in other partsof the universescientic /)sAI.Kn(tIf.Ik/ adj B relatingto science: scientic experiments

    scientically adv The theory has notbeen scientically proven.scientist /(sAI.Kn.tIst/ noun Bsome-one who studies science or works in sci-encescissors /(sIz.Krz/ plural noun Ba toolfor cutting paper, hair, etc. that youhold in your hand and that has twoblades: a pair of scissorsc See picture at pair noun (3)scold /skoUld/ verb to speak angrily tosomeone, especially a child, because heor she has done something wrong: Hismother scolded him for breaking a vase.scoop /skup/ verb to remove somethingfrom a container using a spoon, yourcurved hands, etc.: She scooped the icecream into the dishes.scooter /(sku.tKr/ noun 1 Da smallmotorcycle 2 a child's vehicle that hastwo wheels xed to the ends of a longboard and a long handlescore1 /skFr/ noun D the number ofpoints someone gets in a game or test: ahigh/low score What's the score?

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    cause something: That book gave me anidea. 8 B to allow someone or some-thing a particular amount of time: I'malmost ready just give me a few min-utes. 9 B to pay someone a particularamount of money for something: I gavehim $20 for his old camera. 10 to per-form or speak in public: Tony gave agreat speech.give something away phrasal verb1 B to give something to someonewithout asking for payment: They're giv-ing away a CD with this magazine. 2 totell people something secret, often with-out intending to: The party was supposedto be a surprise, but Sharon gave it away.give something back phrasal verb B togive something to the person who gaveit to you: Did she give you those booksback yet?give in phrasal verb D to nally agreeto do something that someone wants:We will never give in to the terrorists' de-mands.give something out phrasal verb B togive something to a lot of people: Hegave out copies of the report.give up phrasal verb B to accept thatyou have been defeated and agree tostop competing or ghting: You'll neverguess the answer do you give up?give up something phrasal verb 1 B Ifyou give up something bad, such assmoking, you stop doing it or having it:I gave up drinking two years ago. 2 B tostop doing an activity or piece of workbefore you have completed it, usuallybecause it is too difcult: I gave up try-ing to help her. I had to give up halfwaythrough the race. 3 B to stop doing aregular activity or job: Are you going togive up work when you have your baby?glacier /(QleI.SKr/ noun a very largepiece of ice that moves very slowlyglad /QlBd/ adj 1 Bhappy aboutsomething: I'm very glad that you likeyour present. 2 very willing to do some-thing: I'd be glad to help.gladly /(QlBd.li/ adv If you would gladlydo something, you would like to do it: Iwould gladly pay extra for better service.

    glamorous /(QlBm.Kr.Ks/ adj attractivein an exciting and special way: She'svery glamorous.glamour (also glamor, /(QlBm.Kr/)/(QlBm.Kr/ noun [no plural] the quality ofbeing attractive, exciting and special:the glamour of Hollywoodglance1 /QlBns/ verb (present participleglancing, past tense and past participleglanced) 1 D to look somewhere fora short time: He glanced at his watch.2 to read something quickly: Sheglanced through the newspaper.glance2 /QlBns/ noun a quick look: Shetook a quick glance around the restau-rant.glare1 /QleKr/ noun a long, angry lookglare2 /QleKr/ verb (present participleglaring, past tense and past participle glared)to look at someone in an angry way: Sheglared at him.glass /QlBs/ noun 1 B [no plural] a hard,clear substance that objects such as win-dows and bottles are made of: brokenglass glass jars 2 Aa containermade of glass that is used for drinking:Would you like a glass of water?

    glasses /(QlBs.Iz/ plural noun Aa pieceof equipment with two transparentparts that you wear in front of your eyesto help you see better: a pair of glasses She waswearing glasses.c See picture at glassgleam /Qlim/ verb to shine in a pleas-ant, soft way: Her new car gleamed in thesun.

    15 Look up these words to see if they are plural nouns, then draw a circle around the correct verb form in the sentences.

    1 Where is/are my pajamas?2 The computer graphics is/are very good.3 The furniture has/have arrived.

    3

    noun

  • Websters Essential Mini DictionaryDictionary Guide WorksheetsCopyright Cambridge University Press 2011 Unit 3: Parts of speech 2

    4 My pants is/are dirty.5 I think politics is/are very boring.

    Some nouns do not have a plural form and cannot be used with a or an. These nouns have [no plural] after the part of speech label:

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    B to hit or push someone, especiallyaccidentally, so that he or she falls tothe ground: I saw that bike rider knock alady down.knock someone out phrasal verb 1 tomake someone become unconscious,usually by hitting him or her on thehead: He was knocked out halfwaythrough the ght. 2 to defeat a personor team in a competition so that theperson or team cannot take part anymore: Our team was knocked out in theseminals.knock something over phrasal verb tohit or push something, especially acci-dentally, so that the thing falls to theground or onto one side: I knocked abottle of wine over when I reached acrossthe table.knock2 /nAk/ noun a sudden shortnoise made when something hits a sur-face: There was a knock at the door.knot /nAt/ noun a placewhere pieces of string,rope, etc. have been tiedtogetherknow /noU/ verb (past tense knew, past parti-

    ciple known) 1 B to have informationabout something in your mind: Andrewknows a lot about cars. How old isshe? I don't know. He knew that shewas lying. 2 Aused to ask someoneto tell you a piece of information: Doyou know where the post ofce is?3 A to be certain: I know she'll be reallypleased to hear the news. 4 D to beable to do something: Do you knowhow to ski? 5 D to have spent timewith someone or in a place so that theperson or place is not new to you: I'veknown Al since we were children. I grewup in Boston, so I know it well. 6 letsomeone know B to tell someonesomething: Let me know if you're goingto the party. 7 I know used when youagree with something someone has justsaid: It's a beautiful day, isn't it? Iknow let's hope it lasts. 8 you knowDused to make sure someone under-stands which person or thing you aretalking about: I was talking about Rachel

    you know, the tall woman with theblond hair. 9 B (also know about) Ifyou know a subject, you are familiarwith it and understand it: Ask Andy to xit he knows about computers. 10 beknown as somethingB to be called:California is also known as the SunshineState. 11 get to know someone/some-thing B to gradually learn more aboutsomeone or something: I got to knowFrank at work. 12 as far as I knowused to say that you think something istrue, but cannot be sure: As far as Iknow, he isn't married.

    Commonmistake: know ornd out?

    To know something means to al-ready have information about some-thing.Kelly knows what time the trainleaves.His parents already know what hedid.To nd out something means tolearn new information for the rsttime.Can you nd out what time the trainleaves?His parents were angry when theyfound out what he did.

    knowledge /(nAl.IdJ/ noun [no plural]B information and understanding thatyou have in your mind: His knowledgeof history is amazing.

    Commonmistake: knowledge

    Remember you cannot make knowl-edge plural. Do not say knowl-edges.I have some knowledge of Spanishand German.

    knowledgeable /(nAl.IdJ.K.bKl/ adjknowing a lot: He's very knowledgeableabout art.

    known /noUn/past participle of knowknuckle /(nVk.Kl/ noun one of the partsof a nger that bends

    16 Look up the words that have a line under them. Are the sentences correct?

    correct incorrect

    1 I need an advice.

    2 Can you send me some informations?

    3 They bought some new equipment.

    4 I have some sand in my shoe.

    5 Someone has stolen my luggages.

    6 We have a good news for you.

    Pronoun

    A pronoun is a word that is used instead of a noun that has already been talked about. For example, she, it, and mine are pronouns.

    Determiner

    A determiner is a word that is used before a noun or adjective to show which person or thing you are referring to. For example, my in my old car and that in that man are determiners.

    Adjective

    An adjective is a word that describes a noun or pronoun. For example, small, interesting, and blue are all adjectives.

    17 Look up these words. Draw a line under the words that are adjectives.

    afraid nibble bag react broken

    adventure narrow honest immediately deep

    Preposition

    A preposition is a word that is used before a noun or pronoun to show place, direction, or time. For example, on in Your keys are on the table is a preposition.

    Verb, auxiliary verb

    A verb is a word that is used to say what someone does or what happens. For example, the words go, read, make, and feel are verbs. An auxiliary verb is

  • Websters Essential Mini DictionaryDictionary Guide WorksheetsCopyright Cambridge University Press 2011 Unit 3: Parts of speech 3

    a verb that is used together with another verb to make a new tense or other grammatical form. For example, have in They have arrived and be in to be called are auxiliary verbs.

    Phrasal verb

    A phrasal verb is a verb that has two or three words. Together these words have a meaning that is different from each of the separate words. For example, count on and count up are phrasal verbs.

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    could arrive any time now. 4 Busedas a more polite form of can whenasking someone to give you somethingor do something: Could you lend me $5? Could you turn the music down a little,please? 5 Bused for making a sug-gestion:We could go for a drink afterwork tomorrow, if you like.

    couldn't /(kUd.Knt/short form of could not: Icouldn't understand what he was saying.

    council /(kAUn.sKl/ noun a group ofpeople who are chosen to control atown, city, or area: the town council

    councilman /(koUn.sKl.mKn/ noun (pluralcouncilmen) a man who is chosen tobe a member of a town, city, or areacouncil

    councilwoman /(koUn.sKl)wUm.Kn/noun (plural councilwomen) a womanwho is chosen to be a member of atown, city, or area council

    counselor /(kAUn.sK.lKr/ noun someonewhose job is to provide help or advice: aguidance counselor (= someone whohelps students choose what kind of workor study to do)

    count1 /kAUnt/ verb 1 to see how manypeople or things there are: I counted themoney on the table. 2 to say numbersin their correct order: Can you count totwenty in French? 3 to be important:Doesn't my opinion count for anything?count on someone phrasal verb to becertain that you can depend on some-one: I can always count on my parents tohelp me.count someone/something up phrasalverb to add together all the people orthings in a group

    count2 /kAUnt/ noun 1 the action ofcounting something, or the total num-ber you get after counting:At the lastcount the club had 410 members. 2 losecount to forget how many of somethingthere is: I've lost count of the number oftimes she's arrived late.

    countable noun /(kAUn.tK.bKl (nAUn/noun Ba noun that can be used in

    the singular and the plural: House is acountable noun.

    counter /(kAUn.tKr/ noun 1 the place ina store, bank, etc. where people areserved: The woman behind the countertook his money. 2 a at surface in akitchen where you prepare food

    counterclockwise /)kAUn.tKr(klAk)wAIz/adj, adv in the opposite direction fromthe way the hands (=parts that point tothe numbers) of a clock movec Opposite clockwisec See picture at clockwise

    country /(kVn.tri/ noun 1 B (pluralcountries) an area of land that has itsown government, army, etc.: Europeancountries 2 A [no plural] land that isnot in towns or cities, and that can haveelds and farms on it or be wild: It's niceto get out in the country on weekends. This whole area is bear country (=wheremany bears live).

    Commonmistake: country,land, nation, or state?

    Country is the most general wordthat means an area of land. It usu-ally means an area of land with itsown government and people.China, Japan, and other countries inAsia

    Nation is used to talk about a coun-try, especially when you mean thepeople or the culture of that country.The nation celebrated the 100th an-niversary of its independence.

    State is used to talk about a countryas a political or ofcial area. Somecountries are divided into politicalunits that are also called states.Belgium became an independentstate in 1830.America has 50 states.the State of Florida

    Landmeans an area of ground, notan area with its own government.We bought some land to build ahouse on.

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    could arrive any time now. 4 Busedas a more polite form of can whenasking someone to give you somethingor do something: Could you lend me $5? Could you turn the music down a little,please? 5 Bused for making a sug-gestion:We could go for a drink afterwork tomorrow, if you like.

    couldn't /(kUd.Knt/short form of could not: Icouldn't understand what he was saying.

    council /(kAUn.sKl/ noun a group ofpeople who are chosen to control atown, city, or area: the town council

    councilman /(koUn.sKl.mKn/ noun (pluralcouncilmen) a man who is chosen tobe a member of a town, city, or areacouncil

    councilwoman /(koUn.sKl)wUm.Kn/noun (plural councilwomen) a womanwho is chosen to be a member of atown, city, or area council

    counselor /(kAUn.sK.lKr/ noun someonewhose job is to provide help or advice: aguidance counselor (= someone whohelps students choose what kind of workor study to do)

    count1 /kAUnt/ verb 1 to see how manypeople or things there are: I counted themoney on the table. 2 to say numbersin their correct order: Can you count totwenty in French? 3 to be important:Doesn't my opinion count for anything?count on someone phrasal verb to becertain that you can depend on some-one: I can always count on my parents tohelp me.count someone/something up phrasalverb to add together all the people orthings in a group

    count2 /kAUnt/ noun 1 the action ofcounting something, or the total num-ber you get after counting:At the lastcount the club had 410 members. 2 losecount to forget how many of somethingthere is: I've lost count of the number oftimes she's arrived late.

    countable noun /(kAUn.tK.bKl (nAUn/noun Ba noun that can be used in

    the singular and the plural: House is acountable noun.

    counter /(kAUn.tKr/ noun 1 the place ina store, bank, etc. where people areserved: The woman behind the countertook his money. 2 a at surface in akitchen where you prepare food

    counterclockwise /)kAUn.tKr(klAk)wAIz/adj, adv in the opposite direction fromthe way the hands (=parts that point tothe numbers) of a clock movec Opposite clockwisec See picture at clockwise

    country /(kVn.tri/ noun 1 B (pluralcountries) an area of land that has itsown government, army, etc.: Europeancountries 2 A [no plural] land that isnot in towns or cities, and that can haveelds and farms on it or be wild: It's niceto get out in the country on weekends. This whole area is bear country (=wheremany bears live).

    Commonmistake: country,land, nation, or state?

    Country is the most general wordthat means an area of land. It usu-ally means an area of land with itsown government and people.China, Japan, and other countries inAsia

    Nation is used to talk about a coun-try, especially when you mean thepeople or the culture of that country.The nation celebrated the 100th an-niversary of its independence.

    State is used to talk about a countryas a political or ofcial area. Somecountries are divided into politicalunits that are also called states.Belgium became an independentstate in 1830.America has 50 states.the State of Florida

    Landmeans an area of ground, notan area with its own government.We bought some land to build ahouse on.

    In this dictionary, phrasal verbs are in alphabetical order at the end of the entry for the verb. There is also a list of the most important phrasal verbs in the middle of the dictionary.

    18 How many phrasal verbs can you find in the dictionary formed from these verbs?

    1 get 2 stand 3 look 4 read

    19 Choose a meaning from the box and write it next to the correct phrasal verb.

    to start a trip

    to break into pieces

    to say or write something that is not true

    to wait for a short time

    to return to a place

    1 fall apart

    2 make up

    3 set off

    4 get back

    5 hang on

    Adverb

    An adverb is a word that gives more information about a verb, adjective, phrase, or other adverb. In the sentence He ate quickly, quickly is an adverb.

    Conjunction

    A conjunction is a word that is used to connect phrases or parts of a sentence. For example, the words and and because are conjunctions.

  • Websters Essential Mini DictionaryDictionary Guide WorksheetsCopyright Cambridge University Press 2011 Unit 4: The entry for the word 1

    Unit 4: The entry for the word

    Definitions

    The definition tells you what a word or phrase means. Many words and phrases have more than one meaning. Each different meaning has a number.

    All the definitions in this dictionary use simple words. Words that are more difficult than usual are explained in parentheses:

    20 Look up the words in dark letters and answer these questions.

    1 How many meanings does the verb light have?

    2 What is the number of the meaning of light that is connected with being able to see?

    3 How many meanings does the adjective bright have?

    4 What is the number of the meaning of bright that is connected with being intelligent?

    5 Look at the entry for present (noun). How many meanings does the phrase the present have?

    21 What types of things are the dark words? Look the words up and complete the sentences with a word from the box.

    sport tree shoe animal food

    1 A kangaroo is a type of

    2 Lettuce is a type of

    3 Boxing is a type of

    4 A sandal is a type of

    5 An oak is a type of

    Phrases

    A phrase is a group of words that are often used together and have a particular meaning. Phrases are shown in colored letters.

    In the entry for the noun minute there are five meanings. Three of them are for phrases:

    xvi

    If there are parentheses around part of a phrase, for example (at) any minute, it means that you can leave that part out. So you can say Her train will arrive at any minute or Her train will arrive any minute.

    If there is a slash / in a phrase, for example wait/just a minute, it means that the phrase can be used with either the part before the slash or the part after the slash. So you can say wait a minute or just a minute.

    Some phrases have etc. at the end of them. This means that you can use the phrase with one of the words in the list, or a similar word:

    Some phrases have after the words. This means that the phrase is the start of a sentence and you can add words to the phrase to make a complete sentence:

    If you are looking for a phrase in the dictionary, you will usually find it at the entry for the first important word in the phrase. For example, take it easy is found at the entry for easy (adverb).

    22 Look up these phrases. Where did you find them? Write the headword of the entry where you found the phrase.

    1 standard of living 2 lose your temper (with somebody) 3 fold your arms 4 cross your mind 5 look like

    standard

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    minimum1 /(mIn.K.mKm/ adj DTheminimum amount of something is thesmallest amount that is allowed or pos-sible: There is a minimum charge of $5 forpostage.c Opposite maximum adj

    minimum2 /(mIn.K.mKm/ noun B thesmallest amount that is allowed or pos-sible: Please keep noise to an absoluteminimum.c Opposite maximum noun

    mining /(mAI.nIN/ noun [no plural] theprocess of digging coal, gold, etc. out ofthe ground

    miniskirt /(mIn.i)skErt/ noun a veryshort skirtc See Clothes on page C5

    minister /(mIn.K.stKr/ noun a religiousleader in some Christian churches

    ministry /(mIn.K.stri/ noun the workthat a religious leader or group does:the church'sministry to the homeless

    minor /(mAI.nKr/ adj not important orserious: There are a few minor problems. He suffered only minor injuries.c Opposite major adj

    minority /mK(nFr.I.ti/, /mK(nAr.I.ti/ noun(plural minorities) less than half of agroup of people or things: The violencewas caused by a small minority of soccerfans. I agreed to the suggestion, but Iwas in the minority.c Opposite majority noun

    mint /mInt/ noun 1 a candy with afresh, strong taste 2 [no plural] a plantwhose leaves are used to add avor tofood and drinks

    minus1 /(mAI.nKs/ preposition1 Bused when the second of twonumbers should be taken away from therst: Five minus three is two. 2 withoutsomething: She arrived at the meetingminus her briefcase.

    minus2 /(mAI.nKs/ adj A minus numberis less than zero: The temperature lastnight was minus ten.

    minute1 /(mIn.Kt/ noun 1 Da periodof time equal to 60 seconds: It'll take

    you thirty minutes to get to the airport. She was ten minutes late for her inter-view. 2 Aa very short period of time:I'll be with you in a minute. 3 wait/just a minute Dused when askingsomeone to wait for a short time: Just aminute Ileft my coat in the restaurant.4 at the last minute at the latest timepossible: The concert was canceled at thelast minute. 5 (at) any minute verysoon: Her train will be arriving any min-ute.

    minute2 /mAI(nut/ adj very small: Herhands are minute.

    miracle /(mIr.K.kKl/ noun 1 somethingthat is very surprising or difcult to be-lieve: It's amiracle that he's still alive.2 something very strange that happenswhich you cannot explain: One of Christ'smiracles was turning water into wine.

    miraculous /mK(rBk.jK.lKs/ adj verysurprising or difcult to believe: Hemade a miraculous recovery from his ill-ness.

    miraculously adv One person miracu-lously survived the crash.

    mirror /(mIr.Kr/ noun Ba piece of spe-cial glass in which you can see yourself:a bathroommirror He looked at himselfin the mirror.c See The Living Room on page C11

    misbehave /)mIs.bI(heIv/ verb (present par-ticiple misbehaving, past tense and past parti-ciple misbehaved) to behave badly

    mischief /(mIs.tSKf/ noun [no plural] be-havior, usually of a child, that is slightlybad

    mischievous /(mIs.tSK.vKs/ adj be-having in a way that is slightly bad butnot serious: a mischievous ve-year-old

    miserable /(mIz.Kr.K.bKl/ adj 1 Dsad:I just woke up feeling miserable. 2 badand making you sad: People are living inmiserable conditions.

    misery /(mIz.Kr.i/ noun [no plural] sad-ness and suffering: The war brought mis-ery to millions of people.

    misfortune /mIs(fFr.tSKn/ noun some-thing bad that happens to you: He had

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    minimum1 /(mIn.K.mKm/ adj DTheminimum amount of something is thesmallest amount that is allowed or pos-sible: There is a minimum charge of $5 forpostage.c Opposite maximum adj

    minimum2 /(mIn.K.mKm/ noun B thesmallest amount that is allowed or pos-sible: Please keep noise to an absoluteminimum.c Opposite maximum noun

    mining /(mAI.nIN/ noun [no plural] theprocess of digging coal, gold, etc. out ofthe ground

    miniskirt /(mIn.i)skErt/ noun a veryshort skirtc See Clothes on page C5

    minister /(mIn.K.stKr/ noun a religiousleader in some Christian churches

    ministry /(mIn.K.stri/ noun the workthat a religious leader or group does:the church'sministry to the homeless

    minor /(mAI.nKr/ adj not important orserious: There are a few minor problems. He suffered only minor injuries.c Opposite major adj

    minority /mK(nFr.I.ti/, /mK(nAr.I.ti/ noun(plural minorities) less than half of agroup of people or things: The violencewas caused by a small minority of soccerfans. I agreed to the suggestion, but Iwas in the minority.c Opposite majority noun

    mint /mInt/ noun 1 a candy with afresh, strong taste 2 [no plural] a plantwhose leaves are used to add avor tofood and drinks

    minus1 /(mAI.nKs/ preposition1 Bused when the second of twonumbers should be taken away from therst: Five minus three is two. 2 withoutsomething: She arrived at the meetingminus her briefcase.

    minus2 /(mAI.nKs/ adj A minus numberis less than zero: The temperature lastnight was minus ten.

    minute1 /(mIn.Kt/ noun 1 Da periodof time equal to 60 seconds: It'll take

    you thirty minutes to get to the airport. She was ten minutes late for her inter-view. 2 Aa very short period of time:I'll be with you in a minute. 3 wait/just a minute Dused when askingsomeone to wait for a short time: Just aminute Ileft my coat in the restaurant.4 at the last minute at the latest timepossible: The concert was canceled at thelast minute. 5 (at) any minute verysoon: Her train will be arriving any min-ute.

    minute2 /mAI(nut/ adj very small: Herhands are minute.

    miracle /(mIr.K.kKl/ noun 1 somethingthat is very surprising or difcult to be-lieve: It's amiracle that he's still alive.2 something very strange that happenswhich you cannot explain: One of Christ'smiracles was turning water into wine.

    miraculous /mK(rBk.jK.lKs/ adj verysurprising or difcult to believe: Hemade a miraculous recovery from his ill-ness.

    miraculously adv One person miracu-lously survived the crash.

    mirror /(mIr.Kr/ noun Ba piece of spe-cial glass in which you can see yourself:a bathroommirror He looked at himselfin the mirror.c See The Living Room on page C11

    misbehave /)mIs.bI(heIv/ verb (present par-ticiple misbehaving, past tense and past parti-ciple misbehaved) to behave badly

    mischief /(mIs.tSKf/ noun [no plural] be-havior, usually of a child, that is slightlybad

    mischievous /(mIs.tSK.vKs/ adj be-having in a way that is slightly bad butnot serious: a mischievous ve-year-old

    miserable /(mIz.Kr.K.bKl/ adj 1 Dsad:I just woke up feeling miserable. 2 badand making you sad: People are living inmiserable conditions.

    misery /(mIz.Kr.i/ noun [no plural] sad-ness and suffering: The war brought mis-ery to millions of people.

    misfortune /mIs(fFr.tSKn/ noun some-thing bad that happens to you: He had

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    minimum1 /(mIn.K.mKm/ adj DTheminimum amount of something is thesmallest amount that is allowed or pos-sible: There is a minimum charge of $5 forpostage.c Opposite maximum adj

    minimum2 /(mIn.K.mKm/ noun B thesmallest amount that is allowed or pos-sible: Please keep noise to an absoluteminimum.c Opposite maximum noun

    mining /(mAI.nIN/ noun [no plural] theprocess of digging coal, gold, etc. out ofthe ground

    miniskirt /(mIn.i)skErt/ noun a veryshort skirtc See Clothes on page C5

    minister /(mIn.K.stKr/ noun a religiousleader in some Christian churches

    ministry /(mIn.K.stri/ noun the workthat a religious leader or group does:the church'sministry to the homeless

    minor /(mAI.nKr/ adj not important orserious: There are a few minor problems. He suffered only minor injuries.c Opposite major adj

    minority /mK(nFr.I.ti/, /mK(nAr.I.ti/ noun(plural minorities) less than half of agroup of people or things: The violencewas caused by a small minority of soccerfans. I agreed to the suggestion, but Iwas in the minority.c Opposite majority noun

    mint /mInt/ noun 1 a candy with afresh, strong taste 2 [no plural] a plantwhose leaves are used to add avor tofood and drinks

    minus1 /(mAI.nKs/ preposition1 Bused when the second of twonumbers should be taken away from therst: Five minus three is two. 2 withoutsomething: She arrived at the meetingminus her briefcase.

    minus2 /(mAI.nKs/ adj A minus numberis less than zero: The temperature lastnight was minus ten.

    minute1 /(mIn.Kt/ noun 1 Da periodof time equal to 60 seconds: It'll take

    you thirty minutes to get to the airport. She was ten minutes late for her inter-view. 2 Aa very short period of time:I'll be with you in a minute. 3 wait/just a minute Dused when askingsomeone to wait for a short time: Just aminute Ileft my coat in the restaurant.4 at the last minute at the latest timepossible: The concert was canceled at thelast minute. 5 (at) any minute verysoon: Her train will be arriving any min-ute.

    minute2 /mAI(nut/ adj very small: Herhands are minute.

    miracle /(mIr.K.kKl/ noun 1 somethingthat is very surprising or difcult to be-lieve: It's amiracle that he's still alive.2 something very strange that happenswhich you cannot explain: One of Christ'smiracles was turning water into wine.

    miraculous /mK(rBk.jK.lKs/ adj verysurprising or difcult to believe: Hemade a miraculous recovery from his ill-ness.

    miraculously adv One person miracu-lously survived the crash.

    mirror /(mIr.Kr/ noun Ba piece of spe-cial glass in which you can see yourself:a bathroommirror He looked at himselfin the mirror.c See The Living Room on page C11

    misbehave /)mIs.bI(heIv/ verb (present par-ticiple misbehaving, past tense and past parti-ciple misbehaved) to behave badly

    mischief /(mIs.tSKf/ noun [no plural] be-havior, usually of a child, that is slightlybad

    mischievous /(mIs.tSK.vKs/ adj be-having in a way that is slightly bad butnot serious: a mischievous ve-year-old

    miserable /(mIz.Kr.K.bKl/ adj 1 Dsad:I just woke up feeling miserable. 2 badand making you sad: People are living inmiserable conditions.

    misery /(mIz.Kr.i/ noun [no plural] sad-ness and suffering: The war brought mis-ery to millions of people.

    misfortune /mIs(fFr.tSKn/ noun some-thing bad that happens to you: He had

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    minimum1 /(mIn.K.mKm/ adj DTheminimum amount of something is thesmallest amount that is allowed or pos-sible: There is a minimum charge of $5 forpostage.c Opposite maximum adj

    minimum2 /(mIn.K.mKm/ noun B thesmallest amount that is allowed or pos-sible: Please keep noise to an absoluteminimum.c Opposite maximum noun

    mining /(mAI.nIN/ noun [no plural] theprocess of digging coal, gold, etc. out ofthe ground

    miniskirt /(mIn.i)skErt/ noun a veryshort skirtc See Clothes on page C5

    minister /(mIn.K.stKr/ noun a religiousleader in some Christian churches

    ministry /(mIn.K.stri/ noun the workthat a religious leader or group does:the church'sministry to the homeless

    minor /(mAI.nKr/ adj not important orserious: There are a few minor problems. He suffered only minor injuries.c Opposite major adj

    minority /mK(nFr.I.ti/, /mK(nAr.I.ti/ noun(plural minorities) less than half of agroup of people or things: The violencewas caused by a small minority of soccerfans. I agreed to the suggestion, but Iwas in the minority.c Opposite majority noun

    mint /mInt/ noun 1 a candy with afresh, strong taste 2 [no plural] a plantwhose leaves are used to add avor tofood and drinks

    minus1 /(mAI.nKs/ preposition1 Bused when the second of twonumbers should be taken away from therst: Five minus three is two. 2 withoutsomething: She arrived at the meetingminus her briefcase.

    minus2 /(mAI.nKs/ adj A minus numberis less than zero: The temperature lastnight was minus ten.

    minute1 /(mIn.Kt/ noun 1 Da periodof time equal to 60 seconds: It'll take

    you thirty minutes to get to the airport. She was ten minutes late for her inter-view. 2 Aa very short period of time:I'll be with you in a minute. 3 wait/just a minute Dused when askingsomeone to wait for a short time: Just aminute Ileft my coat in the restaurant.4 at the last minute at the latest timepossible: The concert was canceled at thelast minute. 5 (at) any minute verysoon: Her train will be arriving any min-ute.

    minute2 /mAI(nut/ adj very small: Herhands are minute.

    miracle /(mIr.K.kKl/ noun 1 somethingthat is very surprising or difcult to be-lieve: It's amiracle that he's still alive.2 something very strange that happenswhich you cannot explain: One of Christ'smiracles was turning water into wine.

    miraculous /mK(rBk.jK.lKs/ adj verysurprising or difcult to believe: Hemade a miraculous recovery from his ill-ness.

    miraculously adv One person miracu-lously survived the crash.

    mirror /(mIr.Kr/ noun Ba piece of spe-cial glass in which you can see yourself:a bathroommirror He looked at himselfin the mirror.c See The Living Room on page C11

    misbehave /)mIs.bI(heIv/ verb (present par-ticiple misbehaving, past tense and past parti-ciple misbehaved) to behave badly

    mischief /(mIs.tSKf/ noun [no plural] be-havior, usually of a child, that is slightlybad

    mischievous /(mIs.tSK.vKs/ adj be-having in a way that is slightly bad butnot serious: a mischievous ve-year-old

    miserable /(mIz.Kr.K.bKl/ adj 1 Dsad:I just woke up feeling miserable. 2 badand making you sad: People are living inmiserable conditions.

    misery /(mIz.Kr.i/ noun [no plural] sad-ness and suffering: The war brought mis-ery to millions of people.

    misfortune /mIs(fFr.tSKn/ noun some-thing bad that happens to you: He had

    minute I left my coat in the restaurant

    5 save money, space, time, etc. B1 to reduce the amount of money, space, time, etc. that you have to use: Youll save time by doing it yourself.

    3 would you like. . .? A1 used to offer someone something: Would you like a drink? Would you like to eat now?

    If there are parentheses around part of a phrase, for example (at) any minute, it means that you can leave that part out. So you can say Her train will arrive at any minute or Her train will arrive any minute.

  • Websters Essential Mini DictionaryDictionary Guide WorksheetsCopyright Cambridge University Press 2011 Unit 4: The entry for the word 2

    If there is a slash / in a phrase, for example wait/just a minute, it means that the phrase can be used with either the part before the slash or the part after the slash. So you can say wait a minute or just a minute.

    Some phrases have etc. at the end of them. This means that you can use the phrase with one of the words in the list, or a similar word:

    5 save money, space, time, etc. B1 to reduce the amount of money, space, time, etc. that you have to use: Youll save time by doing it yourself.

    Some phrases have after the words. This means that the phrase is the start of a sentence and you can add words to the phrase to make a complete sentence:

    3 would you like. . .? A1 used to offer someone something: Would you like a drink? Would you like to eat now?

    If you are looking for a phrase in the dictionary, you will usually find it at the entry for the first important word in the phrase. For example, take it easy is found at the entry for easy (adverb).

    22 Look up these phrases. Where did you find them? Write the headword of the entry where you found the phrase.

    1 standard of living

    2 lose your temper (with somebody)

    3 fold your arms

    4 cross your mind

    5 look like

    6 let someone know

    7 for good

    8 feel bad

    Example sentences

    Example sentences help you to understand a word and show you how to use the word.

    Words that are often used together are shown in dark letters in examples:He has had a lot of bad luck in his life.

    Words that are more difficult than usual are explained in brackets:Did you take many pictures (= photograph many things) while you were at the Grand Canyon?

    standard

  • Websters Essential Mini DictionaryDictionary Guide WorksheetsCopyright Cambridge University Press 2011 Unit 4: The entry for the word 3

    23 Look at the example sentences at the entries for the words in dark letters. Use the example sentences to answer the questions.

    1 What type of container do you drink tea from?

    2 What verb is normally used with the noun shelter?

    3 What prepositions are used with the verb reach?

    4 What are two types of things you can put in a stack?

    5 What verb is used with money that means to use money to buy things?

    6 What do you use with a needle to sew?

    7 Write the correct word after need: I need __ leave at five oclock.

    Pictures

    The dictionary contains pictures to help you understand the meanings of words. There are color pictures in the middle of the dictionary and black and white pictures at some entries. If there is a color picture for the entry you are looking at, a note at the bottom of the entry will tell you to look at the color picture:

    Name /CEED/CEED_S/Mp_340 09/30/2010 10:43AM Plate # 0pg 340 # 20

    sit 340

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    someone's brother, or the sister of some-one's husband or wife: She and her sister-in-law are good friends.

    sit /sIt/ verb (present participle sitting, pasttense and past participle sat) 1 A to be in aposition with the weight of your bodyon your bottom and the top part ofyour body up, for example, on a chair:Emma was sitting on a stool. The chil-dren sat at the table by the window.2 A (also sit down) to move your bodyinto a sitting position after you havebeen standing: She sat down on thegrass.sit up phrasal verb to move your body toa sitting position after you have been ly-ing down: I sat up and opened my eyes.c See Phrasal Verbs on page C13

    site /sAIt/ noun 1 D short form of website(=an area on the Internet where infor-mation about a particular subject, orga-nization, etc. can be found) 2 Danarea that is used for something orwhere something happens: a buildingsite 3 the place where something im-portant happened in the past: the site ofa battle

    situated /(sItj.u)eI.tId/ adj formal be situ-ated in, on, by, etc. B to be in a partic-ular place: a hotel situated on Lake Huron

    situation /)sItS.u(eI.SKn/ noun B theset of things that are happening at aparticular time and place: the current po-litical situation He's in a difcult situa-tion.

    six /sIks/ B the number 6

    sixteen /(sIks(tin/ A the number 16

    sixteenth /(sIks(tinh/ 16th written as aword

    sixth1 /sIksh/ A6th written as a word

    sixth2 /sIksh/ noun one of six equalparts of something; 1/6

    sixties /(sIks.tiz/ plural noun 1 the six-ties the years from 1960 to 1969: TheBeatles became famous in the sixties.2 be in your sixties to be aged between60 and 69: Many people retire in theirsixties.

    sixty /(sIks.ti/ D the number 60 sixtieth 60th written as a wordsize /sAIz/ noun 1 Dhow big or smallsomething is: It's an area about the sizeof Florida. The size of some of those treesis incredible. 2 Done of the differentmeasurements in which things, for ex-ample clothes, food, etc. are made: Whatsize shoes do you take?

    skate1 /skeIt/ noun 1 D (also rollerskate, /(roU.lKr )skeIt/) a boot with wheelson the bottom, used for moving acrossthe ground: a pair of skates 2 D (alsoice skate, /(AIs )skeIt/) a boot with ametal part on the bottom, used for mov-ing across icec See Sports 1 on page C15

    skate2 /skeIt/ verb (present participleskating, past tense and past participle skated)D to move using skates

    skater noun skating noun [no plural]skateboard /(skeIt)bFrd/ noun Baboard with wheels on the bottom, whichyou stand on and move forward bypushing one foot on the ground

    skateboarding noun [no plural] D Isskateboarding allowed in the park?c See Sports 1 on page C15

    skeleton /(skel.I.tKn/ noun the structuremade of all the bones in the body of aperson or animal: the skeleton of a dog

    sketch1 /sketS/ noun a simple picturethat you draw quickly: He did a quicksketch of the cat.

    sketch2 /sketS/ verb to draw a sketch: Isketched a map for him on a scrap of pa-per.

    ski1 /ski/ noun (plural skis) Done of apair of long, thin pieces of wood or plas-tic that you wear on the bottom of bootsto move over snow

    ski2 /ski/ verb B to move over snowwearing skis

    skiing noun [no plural] B I'd like to goskiing in Vermont.c See Sports 1 on page C15

    skid /skId/ verb (present participle skidding,past tense and past participle skidded) If a

  • Websters Essential Mini DictionaryDictionary Guide WorksheetsCopyright Cambridge University Press 2011 Unit 5: More about the word 1

    Unit 5: M