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DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGYFACULTY OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES

UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR CALABAR-NIGERIA

PROPOSAL FOR B.SC DEGREE PROGRAMME IN PHARMACOLOGY

1. Philosophy and Objectives of the Degree Programme1.1 PhilosophyPharmacology provides the knowledge of drugs actions and their effects in the treatment of diseases as well as development of new pharmaceutical products for improved health care system. This knowledge covers Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and fate of drugs in biological system.The Bachelor Degree Programme in Pharmacology will produce graduates at the middle level manpower in the areas of drug research and development who are competent to fill in the gaps in the pharmaceutical industry, research institutions, and as trainers in the medical schools, schools of nursing and allied health sciences.1.2 ObjectivesThe objectives of the B.Sc. Programme are:

1. To teach and apply Pharmacological concepts required in the future clinical practice of doctors in both rural and urban areas of Nigeria and any other part of the world.

2. To teach and give students scientific foundation for continued study and research in Pharmacology so as to help in producing specialists in Pharmacology.

3. To train students to design and carry out research in the field of Pharmacology and to interpret scientific data generated from experimental procedures while making use of statistical concepts.

4. To produce quality manpower needed in pharmaceutical industries, Universities and especially Schools of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences in Nigeria and other countries of the world.

2. Admission, Duration of Study and Graduation Requirements2.1 Admission requirements

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The entry qualifications for the four-year Degree Programme of Bachelor of Science (Hons.) in Pharmacology are as follows: West African School Certificate, General Certificate of Education, NECO, or equivalent with credits in English Language, Chemistry, Physics, Biology or Biological Sciences, Mathematics. 3. Duration of Study and Graduation RequirementsThe normal duration for the Bachelor’s Degree in Pharmacology is four academic sessions of eight semesters while the maximum period shall be 50% above the number of academic session. To be eligible for the award of a Bachelor of Science Degree, a student must obtain a minimum of 90 Credit Units in the three-year programme, inclusive of the university course requirements. 4. Organization of the ProgrammeA programme of study is provided leading to a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc) degree in Pharmacology which may be awarded as Honours or as Pass degree. Instruction for the programme is organized in courses and each student is required to register for not less than 18 credit units and not more than24 credit unit per semester. Each course is normally assigned 3 credit hours. There are four levels of course organization numbered as follows:100 - 199200 - 299300 – 399400 - 499 The first digit indicates year of study, the middle digit indicates area of study while the last digit indicates the semester in which the course is offered. The course numbers are prefixed by a three character discipline code, indicating the department in which the course is domiciled e.g. ANA, BCM, PHS, PHM for Anatomy, Biochemistry, Physiology, Pharmacology respectively.

5. B.Sc. Courses in PharmacologyYear One

Course DetailsFirst Semester

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Course No. Course Title Credit UnitBIO 111 General Biology 1 3PHY 101 General Physics 1 3CHM 111 General chemistry I 3MTH 111 Elementary Mathematics I 3GSS 101 Use of English 2GSS 131 History and philosophy of Science 2

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Second SemesterCourse No. Course Title Credit UnitBIO 112 General Biology II 3PHY 112 Introductory physics II 3CHM 122 General Chemistry II 3GSS 102 Use of English 2GSS 112 Nigerian Heritage 2GSS 122 Philosophy and Logic 2PHM 101 History and Scope of Pharmacology 3

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Year TwoFirst SemesterCourse No. Course Title Credit UnitANA 221 General Anatomy and gross

anatomy of upper and lower limbs 3PHS 211 Physiology of Excitable Tissues 3PHS 221 Blood Physiology 3PHS 231 Cardiovascular System 3BCM 221 Chemistry of Bio-molecules 2BCM 211 Physical Biochemistry and

Analytical Methods 3GSS 211 Introduction to Computers 2MCB 211 General Microbiology 3

22Second SemesterCourse No. Course Title Credit UnitANA 231 General Embryology, Embryology

of Body Cavities and Introductionto Medical Genetics 3

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BCM 242 Chemistry & metabolism of LipidsSteroids and Biological Pigments 3

BCM 252 Chemistry & metabolism of proteins & Amino acids 3

BCM 262 Chemistry & Metabolism of Nucleic Acids 3

PHS 262 Renal Physiology, Body Fluids and Temperature Regulation 3

PHS 272 Respiratory System 2PHM 222 Anatomical Basis for Drug Actions 3GSS 212 Computer Application 2

21Year ThreeFirst SemesterCourse No. Course Title Credit UnitPHM 301 General Principles of Pharmacology 2PHM 331 Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacogenetics 2PHM 341 ANS-Parasympathetic Mechanisms 2PHM 351 ANS-Sympathetic Mechanisms 2PHM 361 Neuropharmacology 3PHM 371 Pharmacology of the Organ Systems 3PHM 381 Practical 4GSS 301 Entrepreneurship - 1 2PHS 321 Endocrinology & Reproduction 2

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Second SemesterCourse No. Course Title Credit UnitPHM 312 Endocrine & Reproductive System

Pharmacology 2PHM 342 Vitamins and Nutritional Haemopoietic

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Agents 2PHM 352 Toxicology

3PHM 362 Experimental Methods in Toxicology 1PHM 372 Chemotherapy of Tropical Diseases,

Antiseptics & Disinfectants 3MCB 312 Microbial Genetics & Molecular Biology 2PHS 372 Special Senses ITPHS 382 Laboratory Teaching & Instrumentation 3GSS 302 Entrepreneurship - 2 2

18 Year FourFirst SemesterCourse No. Course Title Credit UnitPHM 411 Chemotherapy of Microbial

Diseases, Vaccines and Sera 2PHM 421 Chemotherapy of Neoplastic Diseases,

Anti-neoplastics 1PHM 431 Immunopharmacology: Pain,

Inflammation, Anti-inflammatory agents 2PHM 441 Practical on all 400 level courses 4PHM 451 Psychopharmacology 1PHM 461 Ethnopharmacology 2PHM 471 Care of Laboratory Animals and

Laboratory management 2PHM 481 Environmental Toxicology 2PHM 491 Principles of Therapeutics,

Drug Prescription & dispensing 2PHM 401 Quantitative Pharmacology 3

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Second SemesterCourse No. Course Title Credit UnitPHM 412 Seminars in Pharmacology 4PHM 422 Pharmacokinetic Principles 3

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PHM 462 Projects in Pharmacology 9 16

COURSE DESCRIPTIONBIO 111 General Biology I (3 Units)This is an introductory Biology course which is designed to give the student a background into the general tenets of animal and plant Biology, cell structure and organization, diversity, reproduction, inter-relationship of organism, heredity, evolution and elements of ecology.BIO 112 General Biology II (3 Units)The course is intended to give a comparative study of the major morphological characteristics of the different plant and animal groups, showing the gradual evolution from lower to higher organisms. The ecological adaptations of the different groups of plants and animals will be studied.MCB 211 General Microbiology I (3 Units)Historical aspects, scope of microbiology, general characcteristiecs of microorganisms, growth and reproduction, sterilization and disinfection, brief survey of microbes as friends and foes.MCB 312 Microbial Genetics & Molecular Biology (2 Units)The course covers basic a survey of the concepts of microbial genetics (bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi) including discussion of methods and findings in the areas of mutagenesis, inductions, isolation and biochemical characterization of mutants, adaptation, transformation, transduction and conjugation. General and specialized methods and techniques in microbial genetics. Pre-requisite. PHS 211 Physiology of Excitable Tissues (3 Units)Introduction to Physiology and its place in medicine, the composition of cell, cell membrane and transport mechanism, membrane potentials, Physiology of excitable tissues, types of ionic channels, cell signaling, introduction to patch clamp technique.PHS 221 Blood Physiology (3 Units)Compartmentalization and composition of body fluids, general characteristics and functions of blood, properties and functions of plasma, red blood cells, factors involved in erythropoiesis, blood

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groups, white blood cells, origin, types, properties, functions, antigenicity and immunities, platelets and hemostatic mechanism, reticuloendothelial system, clotting and fibrinolytic system, human immunodeficiency virus (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome HIV/AIDS), pathophysiology, test, physiology of stem cells and cloning.PHS 231 Cardiovascular System(3 Units)Overall plan and functions of the cardiovascular system, physiological anatomy of the heart, mechanical events of cardiac cycle, cardiac output and its estimation, electrocardiogram, the vascular system gross sectional area of different vascular groups, systolic diastolic pulse and mean arterial pressure, exchange of fluids across the capillaries, venous and central venous pressures, integration of cardiovascular functions, central control centers, regulations of systemic blood pressure, cardiovascular adaptations in health and disease, circulation through special areas.

PHS 262 Renal Physiology, Body Fluids and Temperature Regulation (2 Units)

The skin: Functional anatomy, temperature regulations, abnormalities of temperature regulation, Metabolism, factors regulating metabolism, conditions for measuring basal metabolic rate, Physiologic anatomy of the kidney, renal circulation and autoregulation, Glomerular filtration, Tubular transport, Urine formation, counter-current system, Water volume and ionic regulation, Acid-base balance, Micturition, Abnormalities of renal function, Recent advances in renal physiology.PHS 272 Respiratory System (2 Units)Physiologic anatomy of respiratory apparatus, brief review of relevant gas laws, lung volumes, mechanics of breathing, gas diffusion through alveoli capillary membrane, pulmonary circulation, ventilation perfusion ratio, oxygen and carbondioxide transport control of respiration, hypoxias, oxygen treatment, abnormal types of breathing, attitude and depth, acclimatization, respiratory adjustments in health and disease.BCM 221 Chemistry of Biomolecules (2 Units)Chemistry, structure and properties of carbohydrates. Classification of carbohydrates. Steerio and optical isomerism in

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carbohydrates. Polysaccharides including mucopolysaccarides and cell wall polysaccharides. Test for carbohydrates. Biological importance of carbohydrates. Chemistry and classification of lipids properties and structure. Fats fatty acids, waxes, steroids, phospholipids, glycosphingosides, sulfolipids, proteolipids and steroids. General properties of proteins, classification of proteins chains (primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures). Colour reactions of proteins and amino acids. Chemistry and properties of nucleic acid. Purines and pyrimidine bases. Nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acid structures. Types and functions of the RNAs. Genome organization. Nucleoproteins. Vitamins and co-enzymes. Plant growth factors BCM 231 Physical Biochemistry and Analytical Methods

(3 Units)Gases, solutions, equilibrium and dissociation constants. Hydrogen ions concentration and the pH, acids, bases and buffers. Osmotic pressure: The biochemical importance of pH. Methods of expressing concentrations. Bonds and interactions. Introduction to the principles and applications of some commonly used biochemical techniques (colorimeter, chromatography, electrophoresis, centrifugation, spectrophotometry, spectroscopy and manometary)BCM 242 Chemistry & metabolism of Lipids Steroids and Biological Pigments (3 Uints)Chemistry and classification of lipids. Properties and structures of fatty acids, waxes, steroids, phospholipids, glycophingosides, fulfolipids and steroids. Digestion and absorption of lipids. Blood lipid (including lipoproteins). Synthesis and degradation of fatty acids (including oxidation of fatty acids). Fatty acid intercinversion. Prostaglandins. Disorders of lipid metabolism.BCM 252 Chemistry & metabolism of proteins & Amino acids (3)General properties of proteins, classification of proteins and amino acids, properties of amino acids. Synthesis of peptides. Methods for separating and determination of amino acids and peptides. Amino acids sequence and organization of protein chains (primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures). Colour reactions of proteins and amino acids. Digestion, absorption and metabolism of proteins and amino acids.

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Metabolism of individual amino acid. One-carbon unit. Protein, synthesis (including the involvement of the RNAs). Urea cycle. Disorders of protein and amino acid metabolism.BCM 262 Chemistry & Metabolism of Nucleic Acids (3 Units)Chemistry and properties of nucleic acids. Purines and pyrimidine bases. Nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids structure and synthesis, isolation of nucleic acids, hydrolysis of nucleic acids. Primary and secondary nucleic acid (including methods of determination). Types and functions of RNAs. Genome organization. Nucleoproteins. Metabolism of purines, nucleotides and nucleosides and nucleotides. Macromolecules in eukaryotic cell. Abnormalities in nucleic acids metabolism. Xeroderma pigmentation and skin cancer.ANA 231 General Embryology, Embryology of Body

Cavities and Introduction to Medical GeneticsIntroduction to the developing human, developmental periods, significance of embryology. Description of terms in embryology. Germ cell and gametogenesis (permatogenesis/oogenesis), femal reproductive cycles (menstrual and ovarian cycles). Structure of ovum, ovulation and its role in family planning. Fertilization cleavage, formation of the blastocyst. Formation of germ layers, formation of neural tube and notochont, development of somiltes. Development and subdivisions of intraembryuonic mesoderm and coelon, development of placenta and abnormalies. Further development of embryonic disc. Folding of embryo. Formation of the tissues of the body and derivatives of germ layer. Formation of embryonic cavity, serous membrane, diaphragm and thoracic cavity. Introduction and definition of genetics. Role of genetics in the practice of medicine. Definition and structure of chromosome, classification of chromosomes and the role DNA in genetics. Anormalies of autosomal and sex chromosome structures, gene mutation and diseases.ANA 222 Histology of Cardiovascular System, Immune & Urogenital Systems and its appendages (2 Units)Histology of arteries, arterioles, veins, venules, capillaries, sinusoids, heart lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen and thymus, kidney, ureters, urinary bladder and wethra. Gonads (ovary and testis) and accessory urogenital organs (epodidymis,

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vasodeferens,seminal vesicles, prostate gland, penis and clitoris). Skin and its appendages (hairs, glands, nails, sweat glands).PHM 301 General Principles of Pharmacology (2 Units)Introduction: History of Pharmacology and relationship to other Pharmaceutical and clinical subjects. Pharmacology Textbooks and Journals. Definition and sources of Drugs. Routes of Drug Administration. Drug Absorption, Distribution, Elimination and factors affecting them. Drug metabolism and factors affecting. Enzyme induction and enzyme inhibition. Mechanisms of drug action – Receptor and non-receptor theory. Drug dosage and dose-response curves. Measurement of some pharmacological parameters.PHM 331 Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacogenetics (2 Units)Pattern of transmission of single gene trait. Hardy-Weinberg Law, conditions for its validity, application. On concepts of continuous and discontinuous variation. Pharmacogenetics (drug metabolism, tissue metabolism and receptor alterations). Compartment models (one and two), kinetics after i.v. and oral dosing. Bioavailability, Drug distribution, Protein binding, Renal excretion of drugs. Urinary excretion data in Pharmacokinetic analysis.PHM 341 ANS-Parasympathetic Mechanisms (2 Units)Autonomic Pharmacology - Cholinergic (Parasympathetic) MechanismsTheory of chemical neuro-transmitters – Evidence of acetylcholine as a cholinergic neuro-transmitter. Detection and bioassay of acetylcholine. Cholinergic receptors, sites of action of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. Agonists and antagonists of cholinergic transmission. Parasympathomimetic and parasympatholytic drugs. Cholinesterase and anti-cholinesterases. Properties and use of anticholinesterases. Neuromuscular transmission and drugs which.PHM 351 ANS-Sympathetic (Adrenergic) Mechanisms (2 Units)Theory of chemical neuro-transmitter – Evidence to noradrenaline as an adrenergic neuro-transmitter. Synthesis, storage, release, metabolism and uptake of catecholamines. Detection and Bioassay of Adrenaline and Nor-adrenaline. Adrenergic receptors – Types of Adrenoceptors. Concept of agonists and antagonists.

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Sympathomimetic amines – Catecholamines, properties and uses. Sympatholytic drugs (Adrenergic blockers), properties and uses. Structure-activity relationships among the sympathomimetic amines and beta-adrenergic blockers.PHM 361 Neuropharmacology (3 Units)CNS Depressants and Stimulants: Hypnotics, Sedatives, Tranquilizers, Anticonvulsants and related disorders, Anxiolytic drugs, Tricyclic antidepressants, other CNS stimulants and analeptics. Centrally acting appetite suppressants. Antiparkinsonism drugs. Narcotic and Non-narcotic analgesics. General and local anaesthetics. PHM 371 Pharmacology of the Organ Systems (4 Units)Cardiac muscle physiology. Cardiac glycosides. Anti-hypertensive drugs. Anti-arrhythmic drugs. Anti-angina drugs. Anti-obesity drugs. Anti-lipidaemic drugs. Respiratory stimulants. Anti-tussives and Expectorants. Drugs in asthma. Bronchitis and Pneumonias. Renal physiology and Diuretics. Anti-diuretics and anti-uricaemic drugs. Drugs in urinary tract infections. GIT Physiology. Anti-ulcer drugs. Emetic and Anti-emetics. Purgatives and Laxatives. Antidiarrhoea. Anti-spasmodic drugs. Digestants. Drugs acting on the uterus.PHM 381 Practicals on PHM 301, 331 – 371 (2 Units)Selected practical to illustrate the theoretical principlesPHM 312 Endocrine & Reproductive System Pharmacology 2 UnitsThyroid and Anti-thyroid drugs. Parathyroid and Calcitonin. Anterior pituitary hormones and related hormones. Insulin and oral hypoglycaemic agents. Oestrogens and progesterone. Oral contraceptives and Fertility agents. Androgen and Anabolic steroids.PHM 342 Vitamins & Nutritional Haemopoietic Agents (2 Units)Water soluble vitamins I. Water soluble vitamins II. Fat soluble vitamins I. Fat soluble vitamins II. Drugs effective in iron deficiency of anaemias and other hypochromic anaemias. Drugs in the treatment of Megaloblastic and Pernicious anaemias. Antithrombotic and Thrombotic agents. Management of haemorrhage. PHM 352 Toxicology (3 Units)

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Introduction. Origin and scope of Toxicology. Introduction to laboratory methods. Toxicological evaluation. Purpose and value of ED50 and LD50 determination. Metabolism of some toxic substances. Pesticides. Insecticides. Cyanides. Teratology. Carcinogens. Systemic toxicology. Cosmetics testing. Clinical toxicology. Poisoning and antidotes. Management of drug poisoning. Environmental pollution. Industrial toxicology and Food additives. Forensic toxicology.PHM 362 Methods in Toxicology (1 Unit)Practical 1& 2: ED50 and LD50 DeterminationPractical 3: Acute and chronic poisoning in rabbits (or rats)Practical 4: AntidotesPractical 5: Cosmetic testingPractical 6: Identification of drugs by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)Practical 7: TLC Experiment (contd.) Practical 8: Experimental procedures for analysis of toxicological agents. Use of U.V, I.R., NMR, TLC, HPLC for qualitative and quantitative assay PHM 372 Chemotherapy of Tropical Diseases

(2 Units)Life cycle of malaria parasite. Life cycle of Entamoeba histolytica. Drugs used in the treatment of malaria, Amoebiasis, Trypanosomiasis, Leishmaniasis, Helthminthiasis.

Antiseptics & Disinfectants(1 Unit)

PHM 411 Chemotherapy of Microbial Diseases, Vaccines and Sera (2 Units)Antibacterials/Antibiotics: The sulphonamides and trimethoprim. The Penicillins and Cephalosporins. Tetracyclines and Chloramphenicol. The Aminoglycosides. The Macrolides, etc. Miscellaneous Antimicrobials, Polypeptides. Antifungal and Antiviral agents. Drugs used in the treatment of Tuberculosis and Leprosy. Vaccines and Sera.PHM 421 Chemotherapy of Neoplastic Diseases: Anti-neoplastics (1 Unit)Alkylating Agents, Antimetabolites, Hormones. Other anti-neoplastic agents: Antibiotics, Plant alkaloids and miscellaneous agents.

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PHM 431 Immunopharmacology: Pain, Inflammation, Anti-inflammatory agents (2 Units)Introduction: Definition, Types, Characteristics and pathophysiology of pain, inflammation and anaphylaxis. Experimental models and screening techniques for analgesics and anti-inflammatory agents. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Evaluation of analgesic activity of drugs, Hot-plate method. Anti-inflammatory drugs useful in gout. Vasoactive peptides that mediate pain:i) Kinins, substance compound 4840 etc.ii) Angiotensiniii) ProstaglandinsPathophysiology of allergic and immune reactionsPHM 441 Practicals on all 400 level courses (4 Units)Methodology in evaluation of chemotherapeutic agents. Determination of therapeutic indices. Isolated Tissue and Whole Animal Experiments as in Laboratory ManualPHM 451 Psychopharmacology (1 Unit)History of Psychopharmacology. Developmental Psychopharmacology. Blood Brain Barrier and other membrane phenomenal in Psychopharmacology. Nutritional Psychopharmacology. Behavioral Pharmacology of CNS Stimulants. Drug abuse and drug addiction. Clinical uses of psychotherapeutic agents. Toxicology of psychotherapeutic agents. PHM 461 Ethnopharmacology (2 Units)1. Definition, historical and religious basis of ethnomedicine – The medicine of Avicena, Asculapius and Galen. Traditional medicine in folklore of Calabar bean. South American arrow poison, Coca chewing and opium poppy smokoing of the American Indians, etc.2. Race and cultural influence of traditional medicine. Herbal medicine and orthodox medicine – Homeopath, Naturepath, Chinese ocupuncture, African medicine.3. Socio-economic, politico-religious and technological influence on drug development and medical practice.4. Important plant and animal sources of modern medicine from Belladona to digitalis, from cinchona bark to opium poppy.5. Scientific methods of evaluation of herbal preparations.

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6. Desirability or not of merging orthodox and traditional medical practices.7. The African pharmacopoeia.PHM 471 Care of Laboratory Animals and Laboratory management (2 Units)Students will instructed in accordance with information contained in (i) Pharmacology Laboratory Manual of the Department of Calabar, Calabar and (ii) Guidelines on the Care of and Use of Animals for Scientific Research Purposes of the Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar. Care of laboratory animals. Breeding of different laboratory animals.PHM 48 Environmental Toxicology (2 Units)Introduction to toxicology, definition of terms, branches of toxicology. Environmental toxicology. Global Impacts. Air, Water and Soil Pollutions. Stratosphere ozone depletion. Effects of ozone depletion. Prevention of pollution. Industrial pollutions – Heavy metals poisoning and drug treatment. Chelating agents. PHM 491 Principles of Therapeutics, Drug Prescription & dispensing (2 Units)Therapy as a Science. Individualization of drug therapy. Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic considerations. Other factors that affect therapeutic outcome – Age, Drug-drug interactions, Fixed-dose considerations, Placebo effects, Genetic factors. Drug prescription and dispensing. Calculation of dose. T1/2, Therapeutic index, etc. Dosage regime. Side effects of drugs. Adverse drug reactions. PHM 401 Quantitative Pharmacology (3 Units)Introduction. (i) Drug-drug interactions - Affinity and intrinsic activity, Occupancy theory, Rate theory. (ii) Drug-receptor interactions – Law of mass action, Enzyme substrate interaction. Dose-response relationships. (iii) Law of mass action and Derivation of affinity, PD2. (iv) Competitive antagonism. The Gaddum-Schild Equation for Affinity constant of competitive antagonists. (v) Non-competitive antagonism. Pharmacodynamic prediction from pharmacokinetic data (One compartment model). Receptor desensitization. Mechanisms of post-receptor transduction. (vi) Introduction to Biostatistics. Normal distribution, Mean, Probit transformation, Standard deviation and Standard error. T-test -

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Paired and Unpaired. Chi-square Test. Analysis of variance, poison distribution. PHM 412 Seminars in Pharmacology (4 Units)Students are expected to attend all Departmental and Faculty Seminars. Each student will be given topics to work on, writ up as well as present during seminars.PHM 422 Pharmacokinetic Principles (3 Units) Introduction – Mathematical basis of time course of ADME. Rates of reaction - Zero-order reaction, First-order reaction. Pharmacokinetic models – One-compartment model, Two – compartment model, Multi-compartment model. Pharmacokinetic parameters – Elimination rate constant, Volume of distribution, Half-life, Clearance. Pharmacokinetic applications – Single IV administration, Multiple doses, Intravenous infusion, Single oral dose, Multiple oral dose. Calculations. PHM 462 Projects in Pharmacology (9 Units)Experimental research project on a topic of interest to be supervised by a qualified Academic Staff.

STAFF OF THE DEPARTMENTAcademic Staff

1. Prof. Francis V. Udoh Diploma in Pharm., M.Sc., Ph.D.(Calabar). HOD

2. Dr. B. A. S. Lawal B.Sc.(Hons.), M.Sc., Ph. D. (Lagos). Senior Lecturer

3. Dr. Pius M. Udia B.Sc. (Hons.), M.Sc., Ph.D. (Calabar). Senior Lecturer

4. Dr. (Mrs.) Grace A. Essiet MBBCh., M.Sc.; MPH, Ph.D (Calabar).Snr. Lecturer

5. Dr. Augustine D. Essien MD. (Minsk.), M.Sc. Ph.D (Calabar). Senior Lecturer

6. Mr. Eban Linus Kechi HND, PGD, M.Sc. Lecturer 1I. 7. Mr. Takem Lapah Pierre B.Sc. (Hons), M.Sc. Assist. Lecturer

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Other Academic Staff8. Dr. A. O. Igiri B.Sc. (Hons), M.Sc., Ph.D. Reader of

Anatomy9. Prof. M. U. Eteng B.Sc (Hons), Ph.D. Professor of

Biochemistry10. Prof. D. U. Owu. B.Sc. (Hons), M.Sc., Ph.D. Professor of

Physiology.11. Prof. S. P. Antai B.Sc. (Hons), M.Sc. Ph.D. Professor of

Microbiology

Technological Staff of Pharmacology Department12. Barr. G. E. B. Inyang HND (Animal Science), LL.B., BL. M.Sc.

(Law) - Chief Animal Health Technologist

13. Mr. Marcus S. Inyang HND (NIST), ANIST, MIST, PGD - Chief Technologist

14. Mr. Isaac A. Onoko HND (NIST), ANIST - Chief Technologist

15. Mr. Etim Inyang Ifang FSLC, WAEC – SNR Lab. Attendant

Administrative Staff of Pharmacology Department15. Mr. Michael U. Elijah HND (Sect. Duties), MCSR – Chief

Confidential Secretary16. Mrs. Affiong Udo Udo FSLC – Caretaker

APPENDIXCommittee Members: B.Sc. Degree Programme in Pharmacology 1. Dr. Pius Monday Udia Chairman2. Mr. Takem Lapah Pierre Secretary3. Prof. Francis V. Udoh Member4. Dr(Mrs) Grace A. Essiet Member