TRADE(Regents Questions 2000 – 2013)

THE MEDIEVAL WORLD TRADING SYSTEM

Which concept does this map illustrate?1) Balance of Power2) Ethnocentrism3) CULTURAL DIFFUSION4) Self-sufficiency

Based on this map of 13th-century world systems, which of these circuits was limited to one continent?1) I2) II3) V4) VIThe information on this map implies that trade made these regions1) Militaristic2) INTERDEPENDENT3) Isolationist

4) Ethnocentric

Which conclusion is supported by information provided by the map?1) Traders depended mainly on river as avenues of transportation2) More products were carried on the ocean than across land3) Silk was the principal product traded4) TRADERS OFTEN COMBINED SEA AND LAND ROUTESWhich conclusion is supported by information provided by the map?1) socialism2) INTERDEPENDENCE3) self-sufficiency4) cultural isolation

Based on the information provided by this maps, which statement about urban areas between 650 and 1500 is accurate?1) Most urbanization occurred in the Southern Hemisphere2) Most urbanization is associated with a tropical climate3) Most urban areas were located in Europe4) MOST URBAN AREAS DEVELOPED NEAR WATERWAYS

Which title is best for the partial outline below?1) Areas in the Hanseatic League

2) Route of European Crusaders3) MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE AND GOODS4) Regions Under Mongol ControlIBN BATTUTA & MARCO POLO One way in which the travels of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta are similar is that each1) Started mass migrations from Europe2) STIMULATED INTEREST IN OTHER CULTURES3) Led to the establishment of colonies4) Resulted in archaeological discoveries in AfricaHistorians value the writing of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta because they1) SERVE AS PRIMARY SOURCES ABOUT TRADE AND CULTURE2) Provide the basis for European holy books3) Include advice on how to be a democratic ruler4) Present unbiased views of life in Africa and Asia Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta are best known for1) Exploring the Western Hemisphere2) Leading religious movements3) Opening trade between Africa and Japan4) PROVIDING EXTENSIVE INFORMATION ABOUT LANDS AND PEOPLEIbn Battuta and Marco Polo were similar in that both1) ruled over vast empires that included diverse peoples2) PRODUCED WRITTEN RECORDS OF THEIR EXTENSIVE TRAVELS3) converted thousands of people to Christianity4) fought to free their people from Mongol ruleThe travels of Marco Polo and of Ibn Battuta were similar in that these travels1) led to nationalistic movements2) helped to spread the ideas of religious leaders3) STIMULATED THE EXPANSION OF TRADE4) supported democratic forms of governmentThe travels of Marco Polo resulted in the1) introduction of gunpowder to China2) decline of Mongol rule in China3) EXPANSION OF TRADE BETWEEN CHINA AND EUROPE4) use of Confucian teachings in EuropeWhat was one result of the travels of Marco Polo?1) Africa remained isolated2) Ottoman power decreased3) Colonies were established in japan4) INTEREST IN ASIAN CULTURES INCREASEDOne way in which the travels of Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta are similar is that they resulted in1) AN INCREASED INTEREST IN DIFFERENT CULTURES2) the development of slavery3) a reduction in trade4) the discovery of East AsiaMany achievements made during the Golden Ages of both Islam and the West African Kingdoms reached European societies by way of 1) TRADE NETWORKS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA REGION2) Trade expeditions between China and Africa3) The voyages of Ferdinand Magellan4) The travels of Commodore Matthew Perry

The journals of early travelers such as Ibn Battuta of Morocco, Zheng He of China, and Mansa Musa of Mali are examples of1) PRIMARY SOURCES DESCRIBING OBSERVATIONS OF THE TRAVELERS2) works of fiction intended to describe the adventures of the travelers3) secondary sources that record the travelers' interpretations of history4) outdated resources for historical researchZHENG HE & ISOLATION

Which conclusion about Zheng He’s voyages is valid based on the information on this map?1) His fleet traveled only as far as the Bay of Bengal2) HIS EXPEDITIONS SAILED TO PORTS IN ASIA AND AFRICA3) His fleet conquered and controlled Luzon4) His expeditions traded directly with the interior of Africa

Which conclusion can be made about the Ming Dynasty of China as a result of the travels of Zheng He1) China profited more from African trade than from Asian trade2) Islam became the dominant religion of China3) The Ming dynasty established trade routes to Europe4) ADVANCED NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGY WAS AVAILABLE IN CHINA

 Which conclusion is best supported by the map?1) Eastern Chinese cities had extensive contact with the Persian Empire in 14052) Rivers and mountains prevented the expansion of overland Chinese trade3) THE CHINESE CAME INTO CONTACT WITH PEOPLE OF OTHER CULTURES BETWEEN 1405 AND 14224) China was isolated from outside contact under the rulers of the Ming Empire

 The map shows that on his voyages, Zheng He explored1) both the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans2) at the same time as the Spanish explorers3) lands in the Western Hemisphere4) ARABIA AND THE EAST COAST OF AFRICAOne result of the voyages of Zheng He was that1) CHINESE MERCHANTS BEGAN TRADING WITH AFRICA2) Christian missionaries arrived in China3) Indian artisans showed the Chinese how to make Ming porcelain4) China set up colonies in EuropeDuring the Ming Dynasty, why did China stop investing in overseas naval expeditions?1) Many foreigners were imitating Chinese culture2) CHINESE LEADERS SAW LITTLE VALUE IN EXPLORATION3) People disagreed with Confucius’s demand for more territory4) Chinese merchants were threatened by foreign competition. Zheng He contributed to the prosperity of China under the Ming dynasty by1) defeating the Manchu invaders2) constructing the Great Wall along the northern frontier3) EXPANDING TRADE WITH NATIONS OF ASIA AND AFRICA4) establishing colonies in Korea and Japan

 Based on this map, which statement is most accurate concerning China between 1400 and 1500?1) Most of China's commerce was conducted on overland trade routes2) China remained isolated from outside contacts3) The Ming dynasty traded more with Persia than with any other culture4) CHINA INTERACTED AND TRADED WITH MANY DIVERSE CULTURESSILK ROADBefore the use of the Silk Road, how did geography affect early China?1) THE MOUNTAINS AND DESERTS IN WESTERN AND SOUTHWESTERN CHINA SLOWED THE EXCHANGE OF IDEAS2) The northwestern region provided many fertile areas suitable for farming3) The three major river systems provided barriers against invasion4) The lack of deep-water ports on the eastern coast prevented China from developing trade with other nationsThe Silk Road was important because it allowed for the1) exploration of China by the Roman Army2) development of agriculture by the nomadic people of Central Asia3) movement of Chinese armies through Southeast Asia4) EXCHANGE OF GOODS BETWEEN ASIA AND THE MIDDLE EASTTrade along the Silk Roads and the trans-Saharan trade routes resulted in 1) elimination of all traditional beliefs2) a movement toward decolonization3) the Columbian Exchange4) CULTURAL DIFFUSION BETWEEN DIFFERENT SOCIETIES One way in which the Silk Roads and the West African trade routes are similar is that along both routes1) The main items exchanged were ivory and tobacco2) Concrete was used to improve the surface of the roads3) A single currency was used to make transactions easier4) IDEAS WERE EXCHANGED AS MERCHANTS INTERACTED WITH EACH OTHERThe use of the Silk Road in Asia and caravan routes in northern Africa and southwestern Asia encouraged1) self-sufficiency2) cultural isolation3) ethnocentrism4) CULTURAL DIFFUSIONTHE COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION

Which conclusion can be drawn from the information provided by the map?1) Africa was Europe's most active trading partner2) The Hanseatic League controlled trade in the Black Sea3) Asians and Europeans traded primarily by water routes4) A VAST NETWORK OF TRADE ROUTES CONNECTED THE CENTERS OF TRADE IN EUROPEHow did the Commercial Revolution change economic practices in Europe?1) The manorial system was established 2) A CAPITALIST ECONOMY WAS DEVELOPED3) The Church became a major economic power4) Colonies were granted independenceThe introduction of banking, letters of credit, joint stock companies, and guilds contributed to the start of the 1) Renaissance2) Agricultural Revolution3) Enlightenment4) COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION

One reason for the success of the cities in the Hanseatic League and the Italian city-states was that both were1) protected by mountains2) isolated from the rest of Europe3) ACCESSIBLE BY WATER4) close to a network of navigable riversWhich economic practice developed as a result of the growth of the trade routes shown on the map?1) CAPITALISM2) hunting and gathering3) subsistence farming4) manorialismThe Commercial Revolution helped lead to the Industrial Revolution because during the Commercial Revolution

1) the barter system was instituted2) NEW FORMS OF BUSINESS WERE DEVELOPED3) socialism was introduced to Europe4) subsistence agriculture was promotedDuring the Commercial Revolution, where did trading centers most often develop?1) in the mountains2) near grasslands3) ALONG WATERWAYS4) on the tundraWhat was one result of the Commercial Revolution in Europe? 1) Decrease in the size of the middle class2) Expansion of the manor system3) DEVELOPMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS4) Wider use of the barter system\What was one result of the European Commercial Revolution?1) A decline in the spice trade2) The destruction of the papacy3) THE DEVELOPMENT OF CAPITALISM4) An increase reliance on barteringWhich revolution in Europe is most closely associated with the rise of capitalism, the formation of guilds, and the growth of banking systems?1) COMMERCIAL2) Scientific3) Agrarian4) GloriousWhich period in European history is most closely associated with the emergence of trade fairs, the founding of guilds, and the creation of the Hanseatic League?1) Age of Pericles2) COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION3) Age of Reason4) Glorious RevolutionIn Europe, joint stock companies, shareholders, entrepreneurs, and the bourgeoisie contributed to the1) RISE OF CAPITALISM2) development of feudalism3) decline of communism4) increase in the power of guildsDevelopment and expansion of banking, insurance companies, and stock exchanges were essential to the system of1) feudalism2) tribute3) CAPITALISM4) barteringWhich revolution led to the concept of banking, the creation of guilds, and the development of capitalism in Europe?1) COMMERCIAL2) Agricultural3) Scientific 4) IndustrialThe development of banking during the Commercial Revolution in western Europe was significant because it1) PROVIDED CAPITAL RESOURCES TO MERCHANTS FOR INVESTMENT2) Allowed peasant farmers to finance the construction of new homes3) Enable the proletariat to challenge the bourgeoisie 4) Created pensions for retired workers

This passage best illustrates circumstances that characterized the 1) Crusades2) Age of Reason3) COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION4) Scientific RevolutionTRADING CITIES One reason for the growth and success of 9th century cities such as Baghdad, Constantinople, and Ch'ang-An (Xian) was that they1) were part of the Roman Empire2) tolerated religious diversity3) traded only with people from their immediate region4) WERE LOCATED ON MAJOR TRADE ROUTESThe economic wealth of Calicut, Mogadishu, and Venice in the 13th century was primarily dependent on their1) Fertile soil2) Iron Ore3) Gold Mines4) COASTAL LOCATIONSVenice in Europe, Mogadishu in Africa, and Canton in China emerged during the 13th century primarily as important centers of1) agriculture2) TRADE3) manufacturing4) miningOne way in which 14th century Mali in Africa and 14th-century Venice in Italy are similar is that both 1) Were land-locked city-states2) Developed economies based primarily on agriculture3) BECAME WEALTHY AND POWERFUL AS A RESULT OF TRADE4) Were centers for Islamic learningWhich geographic factor enabled the cities of Nanjing and Mogadishu to develop into powerful trading centers?1) LOCATION ON WATERWAYS2) Abundance of natural resources3) Predictable rainfall from the monsoon cycle4) Access to mountain passesDuring the 1400s, the cities of Venice, Constantinople, and Canton achieved prominence because their1) LOCATIONS WERE FAVORABLE FOR TRADE2) pleasant climates led to an increase in population3) democratic governments attracted trade4) military power led to industrialization

Which title best completes this graphic organizer? 1) LOCATIONS WERE FAVORABLE FOR TRADE2) pleasant climates led to an increase in population3) democratic governments attracted trade4) military power led to industrializationCONSTANTINOPLE

Based on the information provided by this map, which statement about Constantinople is accurate?1) Africans traded more goods in Constantinople than in any other area2) Constantinople was a city located on the Mediterranean Sea3) Gold was the primary commodity that China sent to Constantinople4) CONSTANTINOPLE WAS AN IMPORTANT TRADING CENTERConstantinople was a thriving city in the 1200s mainly because of its location on a major trade route between1) China and Southern Africa2) The Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea3) The Inca empire and the Aztec Empire4) ASIA AND EASTERN EUROPEConstantinople became the center of the Byzantine Empire because1) the pope had made it the capital of the Christian world2) it was the religious center for Muslims3) ITS LOCATION MADE IT THE CROSSROADS OF EUROPE AND ASIA4) it was geographically isolated from surrounding empiresThe strategic location of the Byzantine Empire allowed control of the key trade routes between the 1) South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca2) Caspian Sea and the Indian Ocean3) North Sea and the English Channel4) BLACK SEA AND THE MEDITERRANEAN SEAConstantinople’s location on the Bosporus Strait was one reason that the Byzantine Empire was able to 1) conquer the Russian city of Moscow2) spread Judaism throughout western Europe3) CONTROL KEY TRADE ROUTES BETWEEN EUROPE AND ASIA4) unite the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic ChurchesWhich factor contributed to the success of the Hanseatic League, the Kingdom of Songhai, and the British East India Company?

1) Location in the Middle East2) Imperialism in Europe3) DEVELOPMENT OF TRADE WITH OTHER REGIONS4) Growth of the Ottoman EmpireThe result of the Opium War in China was similar to the result of Commodore Perry's expedition to Japan in that both events1) INCREASED WESTERN TRADE AND INFLUENCE IN ASIA2) established European colonies in China and Japan3) promoted democratic governments in Asia4) increased the economic isolation of China and JapanThe growth of maritime and overland trading routes led to1) decreased interest in inventions an technology2) the limited migration of peoples3) INCREASED CULTURAL DIFFUSION4) the development of subsistence agriculture The Ming emperor banned the building of large oceangoing ships in 1433 The Tokugawa shogun issued the Act of Seclusion in 1636One way in which these historical occurrences are similar is that both led to increased1) Social mobility2) Globalization3) Cultural diffusion4) ISOLATION