The City SchoolPECHS, Junior Girls

Question Bank (Annual Examination 2016-17)Note: Students are recommended to prepare for their exams by practicing the concepts taught

during the session. Refer notebooks, text books, reference books and question bank.Class: 5 Subject: Science

Topic: earth, sun & moon1 What shape is the Earth?

A flat, like a piece of paper B round, like a plateC a sphere, like a football D a cylinder, like a can of beans

2 Which statement is not evidence for the shape of the Earth?A When ships sail away, the tops of their masts disappear first.B When ships sail towards us, the tops of their masts appear first.C Shadows are different lengths in different places.D Ships have sailed around the world without falling off.

3 What shape are the Sun and Moon?A The Moon is round, like a CD, and the Sun is a sphere.B The Sun is round, like a CD, and the Moon is a sphere.C They are both round, like CDs.D They are both spheres.

4 Which list shows the Earth, Sun and Moon in order of size, starting with the smallest?A Moon, Sun, Earth B Moon, Earth, SunC Sun, Earth, Moon D earth, Moon, Sun

5 Which statement is true?A The Sun is a little bit further away than the Moon.B The Moon and Sun are both the same distance from the Earth.C The Moon is a lot further from the Earth than the Sun.D The Sun is a lot further from the Earth than the Moon.

6 The Sun and the Moon look as if they are the same size because …A they really are the same size.B the Moon is bigger than the Sun.C the Sun is a lot further from the Earth than the Moon.D the Moon is a lot further from the Earth than the Sun.

7 During the day, the shadow of a stick will …A move around and change length.B move around only.C change length only.D stay exactly the same.

8 The Sun seems to move across the sky during the day because ...A the Sun takes 24 hours to move around the Earth.

B the Sun takes 12 hours to move around the Earth.C the Earth takes 12 hours to spin around once.D the Earth takes 24 hours to spin around once.

9Which statement is true?A Our part of the Earth faces the Sun during the day.B Our part of the Earth faces the Sun during the night.C Our part of the Earth faces away from the Sun during the day.D The Sun moves around the Earth.

10 How many days are there in a year?A 12½ B 24 C 30 D 365¼

11 What is the Earth’s orbit?A The path of the Sun around the Earth.B The path of the Earth around the Sun.C The length of time it takes the Earth to go around the Sun.D The length of time it takes the Sun to go around the Earth.

12 Which statement is true?A The Sun rises earlier in the summer than it does in the winter.B The Sun rises earlier in the winter than it does in the summer.C The Sun sets later in the winter than it does in the summer.D The Sun sets at the same time all year round.

13 The Moon …A always looks like a complete circle.B always looks like half a circle.C is always visible.D sometimes seems to be different shapes.

14Approximately how long does it take for the Moon to orbit the Earth once?A 7 days B 28 days C 36 days D 65 days

15 Why do we always see the same side of the Moon?

A The Moon does not spin on its axis.

B The Moon takes 7 days to spin on its axis once.

C The Moon takes 36 days to spin on its axis once. D The Moon spins on its axis in the same time that it takes to go around the

Look at these sentences. Write down if each one is true or false.

If the sentence is false, write out a correct version.

1 The Earth is where we live.______________________________________________________________________

2 The Earth is round, like a CD.______________________________________________________________________

3 The correct word for the shape of the Earth is a cube.______________________________________________________________________

4 We can see that the Earth is a sphere when we look at photographs taken from the ground.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5 People did not know that the Earth is a sphere until they took photographs from space.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 When ships sail away, the top of the mast disappears first.______________________________________________________________________

7 Ships can sail all the way around the Earth.______________________________________________________________________

8 The Moon is a sphere.______________________________________________________________________

9 Astronauts have flown right around the Moon.______________________________________________________________________

10 The Sun is a circle.______________________________________________________________________

jane and Hassan want to make a model of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun.They know that the Earth is about 3 times bigger than the Moon, and the Sun is about 100 times bigger than the Earth.

1 Jane decides to make their model of the Earth 3 cm across.

a How big should their Moon be? (Hint: Divide the diameter of the Earth by 3.)

b How big should their Sun be?

c Convert your answer to part b into metres. (Hint: Divide your answer to part b by 100.)

d Draw the Moon and the Earth for Jane’s model. Make them the correct sizes.

2 Hassan wants to make their Earth 10 cm across.

a How big should their Moon be?

b How big should their Sun be?

c Why isn’t it a good idea to make the Earth 10 cm across?

3 How big should the Moon and the Sun be if they make their model Earth 1 cm across?

4 You could fit about 30 ‘Earths’ in between the Earth and the Moon.

a How far apart should Jane and Hassan have their Moon and Earth if their Earth is 1 cm across?

b Why would they find it difficult to make their model with the Sun the correct distance away?

The planets

The Earth, the Sun and the Moon are all part of the Solar System. The Sun is at the centre of the Solar System. The Earth moves around the Sun, and the Moon moves around the Earth.

The Earth is a planet. It is made of rock, and has an atmosphere of gases around it. There are eight other planets moving around the Sun.

The diagram shows how big the planets are compared to each other, but the distances between the planets are not correct. If the distances between the planets were drawn to the same scale, Pluto would be over a kilometre away!

1 How many planets are there in the Solar System altogether?

2 a Which is the largest planet?

b Which is the smallest planet?

3 Which planet is furthest away from the Sun?

4 Which planet would you expect to be the hottest? Explain your answer.

5 Find out more about the planets, and make a fact file for each one. You could include the following information:

is the planet rocky, or is it made mainly of gas?

does it have rings?

how big is it (what is its diameter)?

how long does it take to go around the Sun?

6 Find out what else there is in the Solar System, as well as the Sun and planets.

Look in g for p a t t ern s

The Sun does not rise and set at the same time every day. The table shows what time the Sun rises and sets on the first day of every month. You can look for patterns in the data by plotting a graph.

Date Sunrise (am)

Sunset (pm)

Date Sunrise (am)

Sunset (pm)

1st January 8:20 4:00 1st July 3:40 8:301st February 7:50 4:50 1st August 4:20 8:001st March 6:50 5:40 1st

September5:10 6:50

1st April 5:40 6:40 1st October 6:00 5:401st May 4:30 7:30 1st

November7:00 4:30

1st June 3:50 8:20 1st December

7:50 3:50

Plot the information on these axes.

Considering your results1 In which month is sunrise the earliest? _______________________________________

2 In which month is sunrise the latest? ________________________________________

3 Describe how the time of sunrise changes through the year.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4 In which month is sunset the earliest? ________________________________________

5 In which month is sunset the latest? _________________________________________

6 Describe how the time of sunset changes through the year.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7 At which time of year would the days be longest? ______________________________

8 When would the days be shortest? __________________________________________

9 Describe how the length of daylight changes through the year.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Look in g for p a t t ern s

The Sun does not rise and set at the same time every day. The table shows what time the sun rises and sets on the first day of every month. You can look for patterns in the data by plotting a graph.

Date Sunrise (am) Sunset (pm)1st January 8:20 4:001st February 7:50 4:501st March 6:50 5:401st April 5:40 6:401st May 4:30 7:301st June 3:50 8:201st July 3:40 8:301st August 4:20 8:001st September 5:10 6:501st October 6:00 5:401st November 7:00 4:301st December 7:50 3:50

Presenting your results1 Plot the information on a graph. You will need to use axes like these:

Considering your results2 What pattern can you see in the sunrise times?

3 What pattern can you see in the sunset times?

4 The distance between the two lines on your graph shows the length of daylight. How does the amount of daylight change during the year?

Day an d n igh t

1 Fill in the gaps in the sentences using words from the box. You do not need to use all of the words.The Sun seems to move across the sky during the __________. It rises in the __________and sets in the __________. This happens because the Earth is __________ on its axis. It takes __________ hours to spin around once.When our part of the Earth is facing the Sun, we have __________. When our part of the Earth is facing away from the Sun, it is __________.

day daytime east night night-timenorth

south spinning west 10 12 24

2 Label this diagram using words from the box.

axis

daytimenight-time

3 The Sun rises and sets at different times in the summer and winter. Write ‘summer’ or ‘winter’ next to each of these statements.a It is dark when I get out of bed in the mornings. b The Sun is quite high by the time I go to school. c I can play outside after school because it is still light. d The Sun sets quite soon after I leave school. e I have to play indoors in the evening, because it is dark outside.

Days an d years

1 Fill in the gaps using words from the box. You will need to use some words more than once.

day Earth night orbit Sun

2 Choose the correct answers from the brackets.It takes __________ (12, 24, 30) hours for the Earth to spin around once.It takes about __________ (30, 100, 365, 500) days for the Earth to go around the Sun once. This is called one __________ (month, year, decade).

3 The Sun is higher in the sky in the summer than it is in the winter, so shadows are shorter in the summer.

Draw in the Sun and the shadow of the stick where they would be in the winter.

Tru e or fa l se ?

1 Decide if each of the statements below is true or false. If a statement is false, write out a correct version underneath it.

2 Now look at each pair of statements, and decide if the second statement is an explanation for the first one. If you have corrected a statement, use your corrected version for this question.

The first one has been done for you.

A You can sail around the Earth without falling off._________True

B The Earth is round, like a plate._____False. The Earth is a sphere, like a football.

B does/does not explain A.C The Sun rises in the west and sets in the east.

______________________________________________________________________D The Earth spins around on its axis.

______________________________________________________________________D does/does not explain C.

E The Sun is bigger than the Earth.______________________________________________________________________

F The Moon is bigger than the Earth.______________________________________________________________________F does/does not explain E.

G The Sun and the Moon look about the same size.______________________________________________________________________

H The Moon is much further away than the Sun.______________________________________________________________________H does/does not explain G.

Leap years

We all use calendars to keep track of what day of the week it is, how long it is to the weekend, or how long it is until our next holiday. Knowing the time of year is even more important for some people. Farmers have to plant seeds at the right time of year so that their crops have time to grow and ripen before winter comes.At one time, people used the length of shadows, or the direction of the Sun at sunrise or sunset, to work out what time of year it was. Midsummer’s day was the longest day, and the day that shadows were shortest. However it wasn’t very convenient to have to check the lengths of shadows every day – it was much easier just to count the days, and say that a new year started every 365 days.This worked for a while, but eventually people noticed that the seasons were happening at the wrong times according to the calendar. The problem was that the Earth does not take exactly 365 days to go around the Sun once – it actually takes nearly 365¼ days.In Roman times they changed the calendar by adding one day every 4 years. The year with an extra day in it is called a leap year. Today, we have the extra day in February, which has 29 days every 4th year. Leap years will happen in 2004, 2008, and every 4 years after that.Even this is not quite the whole story! To keep the calendar in step with the seasons, we occasionally have to miss out a leap year. Every century year (e.g. 1900, 2000, 2100) would

normally be a leap year, but the extra day is only added if the year can be divided exactly by 400. This means that 2000 was a leap year, but 1900 was not.1 Write down two things that you might use a calendar for.2 Why is it important for farmers to know what season it is?3 Why did people start to measure years by counting days?4 Why did seasons start to happen at the wrong times according to the calendar?5 What is a leap year?6 Why do we have leap years?7 Write down the next 5 leap years after 2008.8 Will these years be leap years?

a 2010b 2048c 2100d 2200e 2400

Earth , S un an d Moon

Tick the boxes to show the answer to each question.

Earth Sun Moon

1 Which one is the biggest?

2 Which one is the smallest?

3 Which one do we live on?

4 Which one can we only see in the sky during the day?

5 Which one seems to change its shape?

6 Which one can we sometimes see in the sky at night?

7 Which one is closest to the Earth?

8 Which one is furthest away from the Earth?

9 Which one orbits the Earth?

1 Which one orbits the Sun?

0

Con ce pt map

1 Complete this concept map using words from the box. You may need to use some of the words more than once.

day live Moon orbit sphere spinspins Sun year 28 365

Concept map words

Make a concept map to show what you have learned about the Earth, the Moon and the Sun. Try to include all these words on your concept map. You can use the words more than once if you need to.

28 365 axis day EarthMoon night orbit rotates seasons

sphere spins Sun year

Moon p a t t ern sThis graph shows when the Moon rose and set in March. There are also lines on it to show you when the Sun rose and set.

The Moon and Sun in March.

1 a Are there more hours of daylight at the beginning of March or at the end of March?

b The title of the graph tells you that this information is for March. If it didn’t tell you which month it was for, how could you tell from the sunrise and sunset lines that this graph shows a month in the spring, not a month in the autumn?

2 What does the grey area on the graph show?

3 a Would you be able to see the Moon at 6 pm on 8th March?

b Would you be able to see it at midnight on 22nd March?

c Would you be able to see the Moon at midday on 18th March?

4 a Is the Moon visible during the day or during the night on 2nd March?

b What shape is the Moon on 2nd March?

5 a Is the Moon visible during the day or during the night on 14th March?

b What shape is the Moon on 14th March?

6 a Write a rule for when you should be able to see the full moon, and when you should be able to see the new moon.

b What would you have to do to find out if your rule was correct for every month of the year?