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SATs questions related to light

Q1.Sun, Earth and Moon

(a) Yu Lin is using fruit to model the Sun, Earth and Moon.

Complete the table to show the best fruit for modelling the Sun, Earth and Moon. Think about the size and shape.

Object in space Sun Earth Moon

Which fruit should be used for the model?

1 mark

(b) Yu Lin is in the playground on a sunny day.

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Tick ONE box to show when Yu Lin’s shadow will be shortest.

before school: 8.30 – 9.00 am

morning break: 10.30 – 10.45 am

lunch break: 12.00 – 1.00 pm

afternoon break: 2.30 – 2.45 pm

after school: 3.30 – 3.45 pm

1 mark

(ii) Tick ONE box to show which movement in space causes Yu Lin’s shadow to change length during the day.

the spin ofthe Earth the Earth orbiting

the Sun

the spin of the Sun the Moon orbiting

the Earth

1 mark

(c) Complete the table below about the different movements in space.

2 marks

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Movement in space Time movement takes

Earth orbits the Sun 365 days

Earth spins once on its axis ..........................................

............................................................ 28 days

Q2.Shadows

(a) Josh is investigating shadows. He places a block on the floor. He holds a lamp and looks at the shadow the block makes.

(i) Look at the pictures below.

Which picture shows the correct length and direction of the shadow made by the block?

Tick one.

1 mark

(ii) Why does a shadow form when Josh shines the light on the block?

Tick one.

The block is grey and shiny.

The block is smooth and rigid.

The block is solid and opaque.

The block is hard and transparent.

1 mark

(b)

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Josh investigates if the distance he puts the lamp from the block affects the length of the shadow on the floor.

Josh records his results in the table below.

Distance of lampfrom block (cm)

Length of block'sshadow (cm)

5 7

10 9

15 12

20 14

25 17

Describe the relationship between the distance of the lamp from the block and the length of the shadow.

1. ...................................................................................................................

2. ....................................................................................................................1 mark

(c) Josh found out that the distance of the lamp from an object does affect how long the shadow is.

He wants to find out more about how to change shadow size.

Suggest another investigation that Josh could carry out using the same lamp and block to find out more about how the size of a shadow changes.

1. ...................................................................................................................

2. ....................................................................................................................1 mark

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Q3.Road safety

(a) Julia has a bike with a light.

The picture below shows thecircuit in Julia’s light.

(i) Draw a circuit diagram to show the circuit in Julia’s light.Use symbols in your drawing.

2 marks

(ii) What should Julia add to her circuit to make the light brighter?

Julia should add .........................................................................1 mark

(b) It is important for people riding bikes to be seen in the dark.The pictures below show what two jackets look like when Julia shines a torch on each of them.

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Jacket A Jacket B

Julia can see jacket B better than jacket A.

Explain what happens to the light from the torch for Julia to see jacket B better than jacket A.

.................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................1 mark

(c) Julia’s house is near a bend in the road. There is a mirror on a pole so car drivers can see people coming round the bend.

Draw TWO arrows on the diagram below to show the direction light travels for the car driver to see the light on Julia’s bike.

2 marks

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Q4.Jack’s shadow

(a) Class 3 are investigating shadows in the playground.It is a bright sunny day.

Susie measures the length of Jack’s shadow at 9 am.

Then she measures the length of Jack’s shadow at midday.Jack stands in the same position in the playground.

Which picture shows Jack’s shadow at midday? Tick ONE box.

1 mark

(b) Explain why a shadow forms on the ground when the sunlight shines on Jack.

.................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................1 mark

(c) At 3 pm Jack stands in the same place in the playground. Susie measures Jack’s shadow again. His shadow has changed position.

What movement in space causes Jack’s shadow to change position?

.................................................................................................................

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.................................................................................................................1 mark

(d) The class observed Jack’s shadow on a sunny day.

Tick ONE box to show why the class should not do their test on a cloudy day.

On a cloudy day...

Jack's shadow isvery dark.

Jack's shadow isdifficult to see.

Jack's shadow doesnot change position.

Jack's shadow isvery big.

1 mark

(e) Susie has some ideas about shadows.

Write true or false under each idea about shadows.

2 marks

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Q5.Tree shadow

(a) Alex looks at a tree on a sunny day.

Tick ONE box to show where the Sun was when it caused this shadow of the tree.

1 mark

(b) Explain why a shadow forms behind the tree.

..............................................................................................................1 mark

(c) Alex looks at the shadow of the tree at different times of the day. He observes that the shadow is in a different position each time.

The position of the shadow changes because the Sun appears to move across the sky.

Tick One box to explain why the Sun appears to move across the sky each day.

The Earth orbitsthe Sun.

The Earth spinson its axis.

The Sun orbitsthe Earth.

The Sun spins on its axis.

1 mark

(d) Alex looks at the tree’s shadow every two hours. He draws the position of the shadows on the ground.

The diagram below shows his results.

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At 8 pm there is no shadow of the tree on the ground.

Why is there no shadow of the tree on the ground at 8 pm?

..............................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................1 mark

(e) Use Alex’s diagram to estimate what time the shadow was pointing north.

................................................... pm1 mark

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Q6.Light sensor

(a) The light in a classroom comes from different sources.

Tick ONE box below to show one possible source of light in a classroom.

plant

mirror

radiator

computer screen

1 mark

(b) Some children place a light sensor in the middle of the classroom.

The graph below shows how the light level changed over time.

Describe what happened to the light level between two and four minutes on the graph.

......................................................................................................................1 mark

(c) Describe ONE thing that could have happened in the classroom at six minutes to make the light level suddenly change.

......................................................................................................................1 mark

(d) The children measure the light above a desk and below a desk.

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George says: ‘When the light sensor is under the desk, the reading on the sensor goes down.’

Write true or false next to each sentence below.

True or false?

The light source is above the desk. ..............................

The light cannot pass through the desk. ..............................

There is a shadow underneath the desk. ..............................1 mark

(e) Complete the sentence using a word from the box below.

impermeable opaque transparent solid

The sensor reading is lower when it is below the desk because

the desk is ...................................................1 mark

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Q7.The Earth and light

(a) Kate and Ashur are finding out about the Earth, Sun and Moon.

They decide to investigate how shadows change at different times of the day. Kate measures the length of Ashur’s shadow.

They repeat their test at two other times of the day.

Draw THREE lines to match each time of day to the correct length of shadow.

(b) Tick ONE box to show why shadows change length during the day.

The Sun orbits the Earth.

The Earth orbits the Sun.

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The Sun goes up in theday and down at night.

The Earth spins on its axis.

1 mark

(c) The Moon does not give out light of its own. It reflects light from the Sun.

Tick ONE box to show which sentence below is evidence that the Moon does not give out its own light.

The moon is a sphere but appears to changeshape during the month.

The Moon is nearer to the Earth than the Sun.

The Moon cannot be seen on cloudy days.

The position of the Moon in the sky changes.

1 mark

(d) Draw TWO arrows on the diagram below to show the direction the light travels so that a person on the Earth can see the Moon.

2 marks

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Q8.Shadows

(a) Two children hold some objects between a lamp and the wall.

They see that cardboard makes a dark shadow and a plastic sheet makes a faint shadow.

Explain why the shadows are different.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................1 mark

(b) Tick TWO objects which make a faint shadow.

a wooden toy

a piece of tracing paper

a book

a mirror

a clear plastic cup

1 mark

(c) Kelly is drawing around Peter's shadow.

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How could Peter make the shadow of his head bigger?

Tick TWO boxes.

move closer to the paper

move closer to the lamp

use a bigger lamp

use a brighter lamp

move the lamp closer

move the lamp further away

1 mark

(d) Explain how Peter's shadow is formed on the paper.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................1 mark

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