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Unit 3-Section B: A tourist’s worldKey words:A tourist is anyone who stays away from home for at least one night. Tourism: leisure time activity involving at least one overnight stay away from home. Leisure: use of free time for enjoyment.International tourism: tourists travel to another country. Domestic tourism: tourists remain within their country of residence.

a- The social, economic and political causes of the growth in tourism(i) 3 social causes of growth- Increase in leisure timeDue to:An increase in paid holidays (both time and money to travel)Shorter working weeks ( 1950s=50-hour, 6 day week. Now: between 35 and 40 hours, 5-day week)Increase of ageing population (see economic change)- Development in communications and information technologyDevelopment of computer reservation systems companies operate commercially on a world scaleIncreasing availability of holidays advertised on the internet latest information on a range of travel and tourism products and servicesOnline booking services- Product development and changing consumer needs, expectations and fashions.New products e.g. development of theme parks (Euro Disney)Package holiday-involved a tour company providing travel, accommodation and sometimes holiday activities) from the 1950s. Most recent product development: specialist package holiday such as wedding packages.

(ii) 2 economic factors:- Greater wealth3 reasons:1-More disposable income: Incomes increased at a greater rate than the cost of necessities more disposable income to spend on holidays.2- Fewer children – Average family size in the UK: 1971= 2.4 Today: 1.8 more disposable income3- Two-income families: Mothers working more disposable income- Development in transport1- Increase in car ownership and building of motorways destinations reached more quickly. 2- Aircraft, ships and trains take large numbers of people safely and at a lower cost per person.3- Rise in low-cost airlines such as Ryanair allow tourists to make several short trips a year.

(iii) 2 Political factorsEasier to travel to countries such as China due to changes in the policies those countries have towards tourism. Free movement between the EU countries and common currency easy movement between these countries

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b- Holiday destinations offer a variety of physical and human attractionRead (but don’t learn!) pages 285 and 286 Questions for this part are based on photos to describe. Two categories of attractions1- Environmental/physical

2- Human

c- Different types of holiday

Adventure holidays: purpose: exploration, skill development or thrills such as hiking in Nepal, surfing in Hawaii or Bobsled Weekend. For instance: Adventure company: ExodusBackpacking holidays: form of low-cost independent international travel. Tourists often stay in hostels (budget hotels). Generally for younger travellers.Wedding holidays: Package including marriage ceremony and honeymoon in exotic locations such as the Maldives.

d- Tourism may be also classifiedBy nature of activity:Active tourism: sporting activity, adventure tourismPassive tourism: sightseeing, beach holiday, cruise

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By location preference, for exampleCoastal resort e.g. MaldivesMountains e.g. TroodosBy duration and distance travelledDay trip: local e.g. Lefkara Weekend break: national e.g. PaphosAnnual holiday: international holiday e.g. USA

e- The Butler model of resort developmentThe Butler model is a model showing the sequence of changes experienced by holiday resorts.A resort is a settlement where tourism is the main function.Learn the 7 stages from Figure 5 page 289: Time location, name and 4 main characteristics.THE 7 STAGES FOR BLACKPOOL pages 290/291For each stage: date, 3 facts and one mark for data. Exploration: 1720

Involvement: 1781

Development: 1856-1870

Consolidation: 1872

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Stagnation: 1972

Decline: 1987

Rejuvenation: 2003

• Explain what happens during the involvement stage of the Butler model of resort development. Use an example in your answer. (4)

• Choose a study you have made of an EU holiday resort. Explain how the resort has developed. (6)

f- EFFECTS OF TOURIST INDUSTRY GROWTHTo understand the positive and negative impacts of tourism, including social and cultural, economic and environmental impacts, and considering both LICs and HICsLearn 3 positive/ 3 negative impacts for each country to answer a 6 mark question

• Explain the positive and negative effects of tourism on LICS. Use examples in your answer. (6)• Explain the positive impacts of tourism. Use examples from different countries in your answer.

(6)

LIC: p296: Machu Picchu, Peru HIC: Ayia Napa, Cyprus p293

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g- Ecotourism: Definitions

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