Objective & Strategy

Concrete Pictorial Abstract

Combining two parts to make a whole: Part whole model

Initially the two parts should be presented clearly grouped together then move to not e.g.

This model can be used to help find missing numbers

Combining two parts to make a whole: Bar model

Use double sided counters/objects to show addition problems set out in a bar to support adding.

Pictorial representaiton – show the problems in pictures in a bar.

Draw boxes round the image to help focus representations

Replace pictures with dots and draw arrows outisde the bar to represent the different parts/bridge to numbers instead of dots if children are ready (moves into Yr2)

Starting at the bigger number and counting on

Use objects/numicon to also support

Regrouping to make 10, on a tens frameThis is an essential skill for column addition later

Use a tens frame to also show this

Look at three part addition questions where two numbers can make ten e.g.8 + 2 + 4 =

Represent and use number bonds and related subtraction facts within 20

Use objects/tens frames with double sided counters to find relatied facts

Children to work systematically to find patterns when discovering number bonds and related facts within 20. Use similar images to those in previous addition steps

Apply number bonds facts to different situations

Understanding addition as augmentation, using stories Supporting understanding as reduction for subtraction later on

Word problems

First – then – now storiesPlan contexts such as number of people on a bus that children can act out e.g.First three children were sitting on the carpet,Then two more children sat on the carpetNow five children are sitting on the carpet

Use pictures and can move to counters

Or could be shown on a number line

Objective & Strategy

Concrete Pictorial Abstract

Taking away ones.

Crossing out

Counting back Put 13 in your head, count back 4. What number are you at?

Finding the difference (using cubes, numicon or Cuisenaire rods, double sided counters)

Find the difference between 8 and 5.8-5, the difference is.

Represent and use number bonds and related subtraction facts within 20

Part part whole model

Use this to help find missing numbers

Understanding subtraction as reduction

Link to part-part whole

Introduce reduction in a practical way by having a range of reduction context to explore using first….., then….., now…. Story representation

e.g

Use objects on a mat like this

Word problem to answer -

Making 10 using tens frame

Jump back 8 first, then another 1. Use the ten as the stopping point

Ways to help at home

Have fun with mathsPlay games that involve numbers, such as bingo, dice, card games and board games. Play ‘Guess My Shape’ – you think of a shape, and your child asks you questions in order to guess the shape. You can only answer ‘yes’ or ‘no’. Whatever your age, songs can be an enjoyable way of practising number skills. Try a backwards counting song like ’10 in a Bed’.

Read togetherReading a book together is a great chance for your child to talk about the maths they can see on the page when reading. As well as this, lots of traditional tales and rhymes lend themselves to activities beyond the book. You could use play dough to make currant buns as in 'Five Currant Buns in the Baker's Shop', or make models of the animals used to pull Cinderella's coach and put them in order by size. Use building blocks to build a house for the little pigs and focus on the use of first, second, third etc. Or you could make a tower for Rapunzel and talk about how many bricks and which colour(s) you used.

Talk about mathsTalking with your child about maths is important for building confidence. Whenever you can, try to talk about

Practise number skillsAs your child’s understanding and knowledge of number develops, ask them