· Web viewHow can biomedical professionals help treat, cure and improve the quality of life of...
Transcript of · Web viewHow can biomedical professionals help treat, cure and improve the quality of life of...
HBS Midterm Study Guide Name: ________________________
Unit 1 Key Terms
Anterior
Deep
Directional Terms
Distal
Dorsal
Identity
Inferior
Lateral
Medial
Posterior
Proximal
Regional Terms
Superficial
Superior
System
Ventral
Adipose tissue
Appendicular Skeleton Axial Skeleton
Connective Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
Femur
Forensic Anthropology Humerus
Pelvis
Skull
Tibia
Tissue
Agarose
Biometrics
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) Gel electrophoresis
Restriction enzyme
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs)
Unit 2 Key Terms
Brain Stem
Central nervous system
Cerebellum
Cerebrum
Gyrus
Limbic System
Lobe
Peripheral nervous system
Phrenology
Sulcus
Action Potential
Axon
Dendrite
Ion
Myelin sheath
Neurologist
Neuron
Neurotransmitter
Reaction Time
Reflex
Synapse
Endocrine Gland
Endocrine System
Exocrine Gland
Gland
Glucagon
Hormone
Hypothalamus
Insulin
Pituitary gland
Accommodation
Astigmatism
Blind spot
Cone
Cornea
Depth Perception
Hyperopia
Iris
Lens
Myopia
Optic nerve
Pupil
Refraction
Retina
Rod
1.1
How can directional terms and regional terms help describe location in the body? (Human Body System Graphic Organizers)
What features of structure and function are common to all humans?
Humans can be told apart by the <0.1% that is different about us. That’s what gives us each our unique identity.However, we share most of our features in common. Here are examples.
1.2
What are the main types of tissue in the human body?
How does the structure of a type of human tissue relate to its function in the body?
Epithelial Muscle Nervous ConnectiveFunction & Location: Function & Location: Function & Location: Function & Location:
Characteristics: Characteristics: Characteristics: Characteristics:
How does the distribution and structure of different types of tissue in the body contribute to personal identity?
What are the functions of the human skeletal system?
What is forensic anthropology and how does this field relate to human body systems?
1.3
What is the structure and function of DNA?
How does DNA differ from person to person?
What role does DNA play in our identity?
How can the field of biometrics be used to verify and protect identity?
How can tools of molecular biology be used to compare the DNA of two individuals? (PCR)
What are restriction enzymes?
What are restriction fragment length polymorphisms?
What is gel electrophoresis and how can the results of this technique be interpreted?
2.1
What is communication?
What are ways communication occurs in machines and in the human body?
Machines Humans
What are consequences of miscommunication in the body?
How do the central nervous system & the peripheral nervous system work together to control the body?
Sensory Input Motor Output
How do scientists determine which areas of the brain are associated with specific actions, emotions or functions?
Earliest Attempts Then & Now Now
What are the functions of the main regions of the brain?
The cerebellum mostly controls fine motor movement & balance. The cerebrum is higher thought. The gyri arethe ridges between grooves/furrows (sulci) and get deeper with learning. The limbic system controls emotions & motivation. There are 4 major lobes (divisions)—frontal, occipital, temporal & parietal.
2.2
How does communication happen within the body?
Electrical Signals Nervous System Chemical Signals Endocrine System
What is the basic structure and function of a neuron?Function StructureDendrites –
Axon –
Myelin Sheath –
Nodes of Ranvier –
Axon Terminals –
Synapses –
Synaptic Cleft –
Neurotransmitters –
How do the different types of neurons work together to send and receive signals?
Sensory Neuron Interneuron Motor NeuronFunction: Function: Function:
Location: Location: Location:
How are electrical impulses created in the human body?
Action Potential
How do neurons convey information using both electrical and chemical signals?
What factors impact our ability to react to a stimulus?
How and why does reaction time differ in reflex and voluntary actions?
Reflex Voluntary
How do errors in communication impact homeostasis in the human body?
Epilepsy
Parkinson’s
Huntington’s
Alzheimer’s
Multiple Sclerosis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s)
How can biomedical professionals help treat, cure and improve the quality of life of those suffering from nervous system disorders?
2.4
How do humans communicate with the world around them?
How does the power of sight allow humans to communicate with the outside world?
How is light focused by the eye?
Be able to identify/label/explain the parts of the eye on a diagram.