AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS

I am I’m not Am I? Yes, I am. No, I’m not.You are You aren’t Are you? Yes, you are. No, you aren’tHe is He isn’t Is he? Yes, he is. No, he isn’tShe is She isn’t Is she? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.It is It isn’t Is it Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.We are We aren’t Are we? Yes, we are. No, we aren’t.You are You aren’t Are you? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.They are They aren’t Are they? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t

VERB TO BE

Back to School The Basics

Colors

pink blue yellow green black brown white orange red grey purple

Greetings

Hi! Hello! Good morning! Good afternoon! Good evening! Goodbye! Bye! Goodnight!

How are you? I’m fine thanks.

And you? Not bad.

I’m 10 years old How old are you? I’m from Russia What’s your

name? How do you spell

it? What’s your

School Subjects

My favorite subject is…

English geography music history maths computers science art physical

education (PE) drama

School supplies

schoolbag notebook book ruler atlas pencil sharpener pencil pencil case pen

Classroom Language

Read Listen Be quiet, please. Come to the board,

please. Open your books Close your books Sit down please Stand up, please.

Singular Plural

this these

that those

Existential in Present Demonstratives

Wh-questions Meaning ExampleWhat ¿Qué? What is your name?When ¿Cuándo? When is your birthday?Where ¿Dónde? Where is your book bag?Why ¿Por qué? Why are you sad today?Who ¿Quién? Who is that man?Which ¿Cuál? Which is your favorite song?How ¿Cómo? How old are you?How many… ¿Cuántos? How many apples are there?How much… ¿Cuánto? How much money do you have?How often… ¿Que tan a

menudo?How often do you go to the movies?

Describing PeopleI am…

young/old tall/short thin/fat

I have… big/small (nose,

mouth, eyes, head etc.)

long / short / medium hair

straight /wavy / curly hair

Black / blond / red / grey / brown hair

Subject Pronouns

Possessive Adjectives

I myYou yourHe hisShe herIt itsWe ourYou yourThey theirCOUNTRIES NATIONALITIES LANGUAGE

The UK British EnglishThe USA American EnglishPoland Polish PolishTurkey Turkish TurkishFrance French FrenchRussia Russian RussianItaly Italian ItalianPortugal Portuguese PortugueseGreece Greek GreekMexico Mexican SpanishChina Chinese ChineseSpain Spanish SpanishJapan Japanese JapaneseSaudi Arabia Saudi Arabian Arabic

Affirmative Negative Questions Short Answers

There is There isn’t

Is there? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.

There are There aren’t

Are there?

Yes, there are. No, there aren’t.

a/an Some anyFor 1 thing Means a few Used for questions and negatives

For countables and uncountables For countables and uncountablesA chair Some chairs I don’t have any French books.An apple Some water/butter/sugar Do you have any money?

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTSIONS SHORT ANSWERS No “s”

I like I don’t like Do I like? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.You like You don’t like Do you like? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.He likes He doesn’t like Does he like? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.She likes She doesn’t like Does she like? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.It likes It doesn’t like Does it like? Yes, it does. No, it doesn’t.We like We don’t like Do we like? Yes, we do. No, we don’t.You like You don’t like Do you like? Yes, we do. No, we don’t.They like They don’t like Do they like? Yes, they do. No, they don’t.

Ordinal Numbers

Cardinal Numbers

1st. first 1 one

2nd. second 2 two

3rd. third 3 three

4th. fourth 4 four

5th. fifth 5 five

6th. sixth 6 six

7th. seventh 7 seven

8th. eight 8 eight

9th. ninth 9 nine

10th. tenth 10 ten

11th. eleventh 11 eleven

12th. twelfth 12 twelve

13th. thirteenth 13 thirteen

14th. fourteenth 14 fourteen

20th. twentieth 20 twenty

21st. twenty first 21 twenty one

22nd. twenty second 22 twenty two

30th. thirtieth 30 thirty

31st. thirty first 31 thirty one

Singular Nouns

Plural Nouns

Rules

doll dolls Añadir una -s al final del sustantivo.cat cats

glass glassesAñadir -es si la palabra

acaba en -sh, -ch, -s, -ss, -x, -z, -o

tomato tomatoeswatch watchesbuzz buzzesbox boxeslady ladies Cuando la palabra acaba en -

y, y va precedida de consonante se sustituye esta por una -i y se añade -es

cherry cherriesbaby babies

leaf leaves Algunas palabras que acaban en -f o -fe, hacen el plural cambiando estos

por -ves

knife kniveslife livesscarf scarveschild children

Plurales Irregulares

mouse miceman menwoman womenfoot feettooth teethperson peoplenews news

Algunas palabras van siempre en plural y otras

siempre en sigular.

scissors scissorspants pantsfish fishdeer deer

Describing People rude clever quiet ugly hardworking polite happy funny strong weak noisy silly serious

Prepositions Spanishin en (dentro)on en (sobre)under debajobehind detrásnext to al ladoin front of en frente debetween entrenear cerca

Family members grandfather grandmother dad mum/mom brother sister uncle aunt daughter father-in-law mother-in-law husband wife cousin/cousin

Present SimpleWe use it for habits of routines.We use it for things that are true.We use it with these words:

always often usually sometimes rarely/seldom never

Daily Routines get up in the morning go to school go to bed have breakfast have lunch have dinner watch TV take a shower brush my teeth wash the dishes do my bed

Jobs What do they do?

vet looks after sick animals teacher teaches children mechanic fixes cars secretary types letters, helps her boss hairdresser fixes people’s hair/cuts hair nurse takes care of people in the hospital photographer takes pictures footballer plays football pilot flies planes

Adjective Comparative Superlative Rules

long longer than the longest Cuando el adjetivo tiene 1 silaba (en sonido) se le

agrega -er (comparativos) -est (superlativos) al final

del adjetivo

wide wider than the widest big bigger than the biggest fast faster than the fastest

heavy heavier than the heaviest Cuando el adjetivo termine en y se aplica la

misma regla que si tuviera una sola sílaba.

pretty prettier than the prettiest

beautiful more beautiful than

the most beautiful Cuando el adjetivo tiene 2 o más silabas (en sonido) se le agrega more + adjective

(comparativos) the most + adjective

(superlativos)

dangerous more dangerous than

the most dangerous

good better than best

No siguen ninguna de las reglas anteriores.

bad worse than the worse far farther/further

thanthe farthest/ the furthest

many more than the most

Formal and Informal Greetings Formal Greetings Informal Greetings

IN AT ON

December at 8 o’clock on my birthday in the morning at school on Monday in the afternoon at work on Christmas day in the evening at night on august 8th in summer/winter at noon/at midnight in spring/in

autumnat the weekend

- Good morning - Hello- Good afternoon - Hi- Good evening - How are you doing? - How do you do? - How have you been?- How are you? - How are things going? Formal Responses Informal Responses -Good morning - Hello/Hi- Good afternoon - Hi- Good evening - Fine, thanks and you?- Very well, thank you - Great, thanks

Formal closings Informal closings-It has been a pleasure, goodbye - I have to go now, bye-Thank you for your time, goodbye - I’ll see you later/around, bye

- Have a nice day, bye