Articles of Confederation, Structure of the Constitution, Principles of Government, & Function of Branches

Timeline of Events1777 1787 1788 1992

Articles of Confederation = US’s first Framework Shays’s Rebellion *9 of the 13 states ratified the 27th Amendment wasof government – Created a confederation of the 13 *Showed the AOC Constitution after the Anti-Federalist added to the Constitutioncolonies. One branch – Legislative & a Weak can’t maintain law & order. secured a Bill of Rights to be added. *Congressional pay raisescentral government. No power to tax or enforce laws. *55 Delegates from 12 states meet to *Constitution became the US’s 2nd

discuss revising the Articles Framework of government on March 4th, 1789.

Two Frameworks for GovernmentThe Articles of Confederation The Constitution

A loose alliance of separate powers A strong national government unifying the statesThe states had all the power A federalist government where a central power would share authority with the statesAll states had one vote-regardless of size. A bicameral legislature made of the House and SenateNo executive office to enforce laws The federal government would consist of 3 branches; legislative, executive, judicialOnly states could collect and use taxes The national government has the power to tax.

Constitutional Convention CompromisesNew Jersey Plan Virginia Plan Great Compromise

(Connecticut Plan)3/5 Compromise Electoral College

Favored Small States

Favored Large States Created a Bicameral Legislature w/ both Equal Representation & Proportional Representation

Every 5 slaves = 3 people for representation and tax purposes

A compromise to ensure the President & Vice-President were elected by informed & educated citizens

Equal representation per state – same as the Articles of Confederation

Representation based on Population for the larger states

Roger Sherman North did not believe slaves should be counted for representation

South believed slaves should be counted for representation

438 representatives100 senators + 3 D.C.__________ 538 total electors divided out across the states based on population.

William Paterson James Madison & Edmund Randolph

Senate = New Jersey Plan

House = Virginia Plan

550,000 African Americans were enslaved in 1787 & most lived in southern states.

Florida has 27 representatives that go to the House of Representative plus 2 Senators from our State that go to the Senate.Florida has 29 electors

7 Articles of the Constitution Lazy Elephants Jump Slowly And Sit Regularly I. Legislative II. Executive III. Judicial IV. States V. Amendment VI. Supremacy Clause VII. Ratification

Preamble to the Constitution = 6 goals that highlight the INTENTIONS of our Founding Fathers

Goals of the PreambleWe the People of the United States…

Constitutional Amendment Process2/3 vote in both houses

3/4 vote of all states

We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. [great example of popular sovereignty]

Principles of GovernmentChecks & Balances- restrain power of each branchSeparation of Powers – split branches, split jobsFederalism- division of power b/w states & federalPopular sovereignty- power from the peopleLimited government- maintain social contractRule of Law- no one is above or below the law

Anti-Federalists = Weak Central Government*Bill of Rights *State Power

Federalists = Strong Central Government*Federalist Papers *Unified under a National Government

Compromise = FEDERALISM – power is shared b/w the states & national government (Enumerated, Reserved, Concurrent)

James Madison = Father of the Constitution

General George Washington – 1st President of the USA – Not elected by the people

Goa

ls a

nd P

urpo

ses

in Order to form a more

perfect Union

establish Justice insure domestic Tranquility

provide from the common

defense

promote the general Welfare

secure the Blessings of Liberty to

ourselves and our Posterity

The goal and purpose of the government is to make things better for all.

The goal and purpose of government is to make a fair and honest system for all.

The goal and purpose of government is to create peace in the country.

The goal and purpose of government is to protect the country from other countries or people that might try to harm us.

The goal and purpose of government is to create a better life for all.

The goal and purpose of government is to secure liberty and freedom for current and future generations.

….do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

How A Bill Becomes A Law

Congress

President’s Roles:Chief Diplom

atCom

mander in

ChiefLegislative LeaderParty LeaderEconom

ic LeaderChief ExecutiveHead of State

Vice President is ALSO: President of the Senate