IES LA ARBOLEDA ndash CENTRO TIC - PLURILINGUumlEC Padre Ellacuriacutea 13 - 11500 El Puerto de Santa Mariacutea (Caacutediz)Tfno 956 243516 Corporativo ndash 490516 Fax 956 243522 Corporativo - 490522 e-mail11700810edujuntadeandaluciaes httpwwwjuntadeandaluciaesaverroesies_laarboleda

CHAPTER 2 NUTRITION FOOD AND DIET1 NUTRITION AND HUMAN BEINGS1 Complete this table

MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS FOR NUTRITIONNAME FUNCTION

2 Answer this interactive activity

AnayaDigital NATURAL SCIENCE 3

3 Are these sentences true or false Correct the false onesa) Nutrition is one of the vital functions all beings have

b) Nutrition is the same that feeding

c) In the nutrition process there is matter and energy exchange with the environment

d) We eliminate waste products through the skin the kidneys and by breathing

e) In humans there is only one system related to nutrition the digestive system

f) The final destination of the oxygen we breathe is the mitochondria

g) The general equation of cellular respiration isNUTRIENTS+O2 ENERGY+CO2+WASTE SUBSTANCES+H2O

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4 Dados los siguientes esquemas y utilizando todos los teacuterminos que se detallan (aparato digestivo aparato circulatorio aparato respiratorio aparato excretor energiacutea nutrientes sustancias de desecho oxiacutegeno dioacutexido de carbono ceacutelulas del cuerpo alimentos orina) asiacute como todas aquellas otras palabras que estimes oportuno

Realiza una explicacioacuten detallada del proceso de nutricioacuten humana y los aparatos que intervienen en la misma

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2 DIET5 Read your English book and complete this table about types of nutrients

NUTRIENTS MAIN FUNCTION FOOD SOURCES

6 Using the information available in your textbook answer the follow - ing questionsa) Complete Nutrients are substances we need for obtaininghelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip and for making our own living matter

b) Could you say what feeding is

7 Visit this web httpwwwedistribucionesanayaeducacion8440042U02_SC301_Nutrients20and_dietactividad2_1indexhtml and answer the interactive activity

8 Visit this webhttpwwwedistribucionesanayaeducacion8440042U02_SC301_Nutrients20and_dietactividad2_2indexhtml and answer the interactive activity

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3 ENERGY SUPPLY5 Major nutrients provide energy to the body This energy keeps your heart beating your brain active and your muscles working Energy is measured in kilocaloriesbull Proteins give us 4 kcalg bull Carbohydrates give us 4 kcalg bull Lipids give us 9 kcalg Why do you think animals use lipids (= fats) to store energy (Include these groups of words in your answer to move low body weight twice the amount of energy) Discuss your answer with your partner

And why do you think plants use carbohydrates to store energy Discuss your answer with your partner

6 Name the factors why a personrsquos daily energy requirements are determined

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4 FOODS7 Look at the food wheel and complete the following sentences

a) The food groups that carry out the same helliphelliphelliphellip have the same colours

b) The food groups that are red carry out a helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellip in the organism those that are green a and those that are yellow an helliphelliphelliphellip

c) The sizes of the food groups are not equal they depend on their helliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphelliphellipin the diet The foods that have to be eaten in greater quantity are represented in a size than those which are consumed hellip

8 In some of these food groups there is an odd one out Say which one it is and underline it

A Bread egg macaroni sugarB Watermelon cabbage cauliflower carrotsC Milk cheese yoghurt ice creamD Salmon sardine egg butterE Banana orange apple asparagus

9 Where do nutrients come fromFor each food identify the food group from the food wheel to which it belongs List the main nutrients found in each food

Food Food group Main nutrient(s) Main function

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from the food wheel

Bread

Rice

Carrots

Apple

Lentils

Beef steak

Cottage cheese

Canned tuna

Potatoes

Lettuce

Yogurt

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5 BALANCED DIET10 Visit this web httpwwwabpischoolsorgukpagemodulesbalanceddietactivitycfmcoSiteNavigation_allTopic=1 and try to work out what foods are required for a balance diet

11 Look at this ldquoFood pyramidrdquo and answer the questions below Discuss your answers with your partner

a) It advisable to eat eggs every day

b) Must you eat vegetables every day

c) Is it a good choice to eat a ldquodonutrdquo before going to school in the morning

d) Is it good to eat red meet three times a day

9 Write true if the statement is true or false if the statement is false

a) Saturated fats are usually from vegetable sources

b) Lipids are solube in water

c) Unsaturated fats are usually liquids

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d) Oil and butter are rich in water

e) Bread and pasta are rich in proteins

f) Vitamins are important because provide us energy

12 Indicate whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F) a) A balanced diet gives us the necessary amounts of each nutrient b) The diet mustnrsquot include any fat

c) In the Mediterranean diet the majority of the proteins come from fishd) In the Mediterranean diet the main source of fat is buttere) A pure vegetarian diet is not healthyf) A balanced diet must contain over 40 proteinsg) A balanced diet must include vegetable fibre

13 Discuss each question with your partner and fill in your answers together a) What does it mean to balance your calories

b) In general if the calories that you eat and drink are equal to the calories your body uses your weight (circle the correct answer)hellip Goes down Stays the same Goes up

c) In general if the calories that you eat and drink are less than the calories your body uses your weight (circle the correct answer)hellip Goes down Stays the same Goes up

d) In general if the calories that you eat and drink are more than the calories your body uses your weight (circle the correct answer)hellip Goes down Stays the same Goes up

e) How do you know if your calories in and calories out are out of balance

f) Why do different people need to eat a different number of calories

g) List 3 ways your body uses energy

h) Which physical activity do you think requires more energy walking for 10 minutes or running for 10 minutes Why do you think this activity requires more energy

14 Mia is a 16 year old who needs about 2000 calories a day Below are the foods Mia ate today She ate 2908 calories which is over her daily calorie limit She wants to make sure she eats a balanced diet that meets her bodyrsquos nutrition needs within an appropriate calorie

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level Can you help Mia get closer to her daily calorie limit without losing important nutrition that her body needs Cross out items andor edit the amounts to help Mia

IES LA ARBOLEDA ndash CENTRO TIC - PLURILINGUumlEC Padre Ellacuriacutea 13 - 11500 El Puerto de Santa Mariacutea (Caacutediz)Tfno 956 243516 Corporativo ndash 490516 Fax 956 243522 Corporativo - 490522 e-mail11700810edujuntadeandaluciaes httpwwwjuntadeandaluciaesaverroesies_laarboleda

15 Read this text and answer the multiple choice questionsEating a Balanced DietEating a balanced diet means choosing a wide variety of foods and drinks from all the food groups It also means eating certain things in moderation namely saturated fat cholesterol refined sugar and salt The goal is to take in nutri-ents you need for health at the recommended levelsYour balanced diet must be planned at your own calorie level and portion size is key You want to get the most nutrients for the calories by choosing food with a high-nutrient density Nutrient-dense foods provide substantial amounts of vitamins and minerals and relatively few calories such as fresh fruit and veget-ables lean meat and fish and whole grains and beans Low-nutrient dense foods have few vitamins but lots of calories such as candy bars soda donuts and onion ringsNecessary to the building maintenance and repair of body tissue like our skin muscles and internal organs proteins are the major components of our im-mune system and hormones When choosing protein-rich foods pay attention to what else you are getting with that selection Foods that are high in satur-ated fats will raise your blood cholesterol levels putting you at risk of heart dis-ease or strokeVegetable sources of protein such as nuts beans and whole grains are great choices and offer vitamins minerals and healthy fibers The best protein choices are poultry and fish For those who love red meat you should stick with the leanest cuts choose moderate portion sizes and make it only an occa-sional part of your dietDeveloping healthy eating habits is not as confusing or as restrictive as you may imagine The first principle of a healthy diet is simply to eat a wide variety of foods This is important because different foods make different nutritional contributionsFruits vegetables grains and legumesmdashfoods high in complex carbohydrates fiber vitamins and minerals low in fat and free of cholesterolmdashshould make up the bulk of the calories you consume The rest should come from low-fat dairy products lean meat and poultry and fish

1 A balanced diet is the one which isa) Tastyb) Nutritiousc) Healthyd) Option b and c2 Your balanced diet must be planned at your own calorie level and portion size is key Is this statement correct or incorrecta) Correctb) Incorrect3 Fruits and vegetables are rich in a) Carbohydratesb) Vitaminsc) Both a and bd) Fats

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4 The best protein choices area) Fishb) Poultryc) Both a and b optionsd) Pizza

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6 DIET AND HEALTH

16 Read in your book and complete this table about food-related illnesses

FOOD RELATED ILLNESSESNAME WHAT IS IT

MALNUTRITION

UNDER NUTION

RicketsAnorexiaBulimia

OVERNUTRITION ObesityDEFIENCY DISEASES Scurvy

Anemia

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17 Match each photo with a food-related illnesses

18 What is the difference between malnutrition and undernutrition

IES LA ARBOLEDA ndash CENTRO TIC - PLURILINGUumlEC Padre Ellacuriacutea 13 - 11500 El Puerto de Santa Mariacutea (Caacutediz)Tfno 956 243516 Corporativo ndash 490516 Fax 956 243522 Corporativo - 490522 e-mail11700810edujuntadeandaluciaes httpwwwjuntadeandaluciaesaverroesies_laarboleda

19 Match each phrase (a-h) to the food-related illnesses

a) You eat insufficient food because you donrsquot have enough moneyb) You think that you are fatter than actually you arec) You have bones deformitiesd) You donrsquot have enough vitamin Ce) You eat more food than your need for you vital functionsf) A group of illnesses common in rich countries due to the dietg) You can get ill if you eat an omelette

20 Indicate if these sentences are true (T) or false (F) Discuss your answers with your partnera) Avitaminosis is cured by reducing the consumption of fat in the dietb) Botulism is produced by the ingestion of foods contaminated with the bacteria Salmonellac) Obesity can be treated with a weight-loss dietd) Anorexia is combated eating fruit and vegetablese) Malnutrition is caused by eating too little foodf) Botulism is contracted due to eating canned foods in bad condition

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7 FOOD HABITS LABELLINGBy law food manufacturers must list on the packet the ingredients in a foodUsually the ingredients are listed in descending order by weight (mass) This means that the ingredient that is in the largest amount must be listed first The ingredient that is in the smallest amount will be last

There is a lot of other information on packets for example1048980 storage instructions1048980 a date telling you when you should eat the food1048980 cooking instructions1048980 nutritional information which shows how much of the major nutrients such as protein carbohydrate and fat are present in the foodThe following is the information found on a packet of ndash

IES LA ARBOLEDA ndash CENTRO TIC - PLURILINGUumlEC Padre Ellacuriacutea 13 - 11500 El Puerto de Santa Mariacutea (Caacutediz)Tfno 956 243516 Corporativo ndash 490516 Fax 956 243522 Corporativo - 490522 e-mail11700810edujuntadeandaluciaes httpwwwjuntadeandaluciaesaverroesies_laarboleda

21 Look at the INGREDIENTS list above and answer1 What is the ingredient which is present in the largest amount

2 What is the ingredient which is present in the smallest amount

3 Find the additives in this food (These appear as an E - number and on this packet the name of the type of additive is given eg EMULSIFIER - E471)

4 The packet says that there is ldquono artificial flavourrdquo in this food Find 2 natural flavours that have been added to the food (clue - they are present in very small amounts)

Look at the NUTRITION informationThis information tells you that for every 100 g of this food there will be 207 g of carbohydrate 17 g of this is present as sugars

5 How much lsquootherrsquo carbohydrate is present in 100 g of this food

6 What might this lsquootherrsquo carbohydrate be

There were two symbols on this packet7 Where do you think you would have found this one

What does it mean

8 This one was found somewhere else on the packet

IES LA ARBOLEDA ndash CENTRO TIC - PLURILINGUumlEC Padre Ellacuriacutea 13 - 11500 El Puerto de Santa Mariacutea (Caacutediz)Tfno 956 243516 Corporativo ndash 490516 Fax 956 243522 Corporativo - 490522 e-mail11700810edujuntadeandaluciaes httpwwwjuntadeandaluciaesaverroesies_laarboleda

What do you think it means