INTERNET APPLICATIONS

Web ServerPRESENTED BY:ABDUL MAJEED AL-KATTANRABEE AL-RASSRAHAF AAMERRIMON KORONISANDRA SUKARIEH

The Content• Definition of Web Server• Uses of Web Server• Types of Web Server• Apache Web Server• Protocols of Web Server• Virtual Hosting• Server Side Scripting• CGI

Definition of Web Server

What is a Web Server?

• A computer or a group of computers used to store web pages, files and documents.

• Making these pages available to be reached through web browsers.

• Offering different services to customers from all over the world.

Uses of Web Server

What are the uses of a Web Server?

• Store and retrieve data.

• Host web sites and provide access.

• The first web server in 1989:

CERN httpd

Types of Web Server

Nginx web server

Internet Information Services(IIS)

Lighttpd

Sun Java System Web Server

Jigsaw Server

Apache Tomcat

Google server

Types of Web Server

Apache Web Server

• Started in 1995.

•Open source software.

•Works with different operating systems.

• Serves about 54.2% of websites.

Apache Web Server

Apache Modules:mod_access

• Allow• Deny• Order

mod_auth• AuthGroupFile• AuthUserFile• AuthAuthoritative

mod_digest

mod_ssl

Mod-rewrite

Protocols

FTP

POP

IMAP

SMTP

Protocols of Web Server

POP IMAP

Local storage for messages Server storage for messages

Easy local backup Difficult local backup

Higher speed High speed

Cause of losing messages

Disadvantages

Protocols of Web Server

Virtual hosting

Named-based virtual hosting

IP-based virtual hosting

Virtual Hosting

Named-based virtual hosting

• Multiple domain names for the same IP address.

• Determine the host name in the HTTP header.

• SSL\TLS handshake problem and solution (Server Name

Indication ).

• DNS problem and solution (hosts file).

Virtual Hosting

IP-based virtual hosting

• Only one site for each IP address.

• Solve the consensual problem.

• The problem of increasing administrative overhead.

• The problem of IPv4 address exhaustion.

Virtual Hosting

Server side scripting

CGI

What is “Common Language Gateway”?

• Defines a way for a web server to interact with external content-generating programs.

• These programs are referred to as CGI programs or CGI scripts.

• It’s the simplest, and most common, way to put dynamic content on your web site.

CGIConfiguring Apache to permit CGI

• Ensure that the cgi_module is loaded in your httpd.conf file.

LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so

• The ScriptAlias directive tells Apache that a particular directory is set aside for CGI programs.

ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/

• The .htaccess file lets you activate CGI programs if you don’t have access to httpd.conf configuration file.

CGI

FastCGI

• A binary protocol for interfacing interactive programs with a web server.

• A variation on the earlier Common Gateway Interface (CGI).

• Its main aim is to reduce the overhead associated with interfacing the web server and CGI programs.

Questions