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Use of the Internet (web searching) and it’s tools/technologies for teaching / learning activities

Binod Kumar Yadav Senior Librarian Central Library, BPKIHS

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Objective of the programme

To build the capacity to enable the participants for effective web searching (Internet).

To use the tools (Internet technologies) for professional and personal benefit.

To access to quality information.

To optimize the use of the resources.

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Topics

Overview of the Internet Web searching techniques Evaluation of the resources Web 2.0 concepts

• Social bookmarking: Del.icio.us, connotea, citeUlike etc.• Wiki• Blogs• RSS• Forum

Demo

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Overview of the Internet

-Is a network of networks within which all devices communicate via the TCP/IP protocol suite

- No one run the Internet, like a cooperative.

- Open architecture (anyone can connect up and use it.

- So, it is a worldwide network of computer networks that use the TCP/IP network protocols to facilitate data transmission

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Overview of the Internet contd…

Three levels:-

1. A physical network- it is a world wide network.

- Every device connected to the Internet has an Internet address: i. The numeric IP address, valid from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255 e.g. 131.118.80.1 124.108.120.31 (www.mail.yahoo.com) 64.233.181.99 or 147 (www.google.com)

ii. The text address- Uniform Resource locator (URL), e.g. www.frostburg.edu

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The Internet…

2. A collection of protocols

3. An ever increasing, conceptual network of Internet resources accessed by Internet services

i. Communication services: - Email - Forum, Electronic bulletin boards and newsgroups

- Mailing lists: allow to subscribe mass communication on a specific subject - Chat/ IM ii. Resource access services

- File transfer, Remote login iii. Information retrieval - www: information retrieval system

- Gopher ( Go for Information on the Internet) - WAIS ( Wide Area Information System)

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Web Searching Techniques

Why? It’s a challenge

Vast amount of resources

No organisation

No direct searching

Coverage of search tools very limited

Sites come and go

constant change

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Web Searching Techniques contd..

We should know the techniques-

to access to relevant information,

to get the recall (unwanted) less and precise (relevant) information more, and

familiar with various techniques that the Search engine such as Google, Yahoo, Altavista, pubmed etc. used.

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Web Searching Techniques contd…

Problems

How can I make my search more specific?I can’t see why

I’m getting these results!

Most of the sites I retrieve aren’t relevant to my query

Too much information I can’t find the useful

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Web Searching Techniques contd…

Some tips:

Specify your search terms Use professional terms Use the keywords from standard tools- SLSH, LCSH,

MeSH and others Use lowercase letters Ignore preposition, article and other stop words Read the searching guideline of the particular

databases

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Web Searching Techniques contd…

A. Formulation of query statements Exact wording or phrase- by surrounding terms with quotes e.g. “human swine influenza”

File format e.g. “human swine influenza” :filetype:ppt ,, :pdf

filetype:ppt site:edu “global warming”

Website or domain e.g. site:edu “b. p. koirala” site:bpkihs.edu “contact”

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Web Searching Techniques contd…

Webpage title e.g. intitle: b. p. koirala allintitle:abcdef

Definition e.g. define: swine influenza

Specific website or whole class of sites

e.g. "mbbs curriculum":site:edu

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No space

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Space

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Web Searching Techniques contd…

B. Use of Boolean operators

(AND, OR, NOT)

C. Truncation

e.g. epidem*

D. Nested searching

e.g. history AND (war or peace)

e.g. (swine OR H1N1) AND (flu OR influenza OR virus OR

pandemic)

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Boolean operators

AND- retrieves only records containing both terms. e.g. War AND peace

OR- retrieves records containing either one or more terms

NOT- exclude records containing the second term

e.g. war NOT peace

peace

war

War

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Evaluation of the Internet Resources

Why and how can we evaluate the resources?

Because:

- Anyone can put up a webpage

- Many sites are not updated

- No quality control

- Most sites not “peer-reviewed”

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Evaluation contd.

Is it someone’s personal page? Look for personal name following a tilde(~) or percentage sign (%)

Is the server commercial? e.g. geocities.com

What type of domain does it come from? ( educational, non-profit, commercial, government etc.) Look the domain extension: .gov, .edu., .mil, .org

Is it current and updated? Look for last updated

What are the author’s credentials on this subject?

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Evaluation contd.

Quality information

Look for indicators such as links, related links, reference whether

scholarly or not.

Use www.alexa.com ( web information company)

( type URL in the search box)

- to know the traffic details, ownership for domain name, sites that link

to the page and others

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Web 2.0

- Term coined in the year 2004 by Tim O’Reilly

- refers to 2nd generation of Internet service

such as social networking, wiki, blog etc.

- Allows to interact and customize information over cyberspace

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Web 2.0: Evolution Towards a Read/Write Platform

Companies Communities HTML XML

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Web 2.0 concepts

Social - shared, open collection, browsable, linkable

Participative - massively multi-user, web-based applications

Tagging - organize/ categorize with keywords

- flat, non-hierarchical

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Web 2.0 contd…

Web tools :-

A. Social book marking

-effective tool for teaching/ learning activities

B. Blogs

C. Wiki

D. RSS/ Forum/ alerting services

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A. Social Book marking

-Founded by Joshu Schachter in 2003

- It is a practice of saving book mark to a public website & tagging

them with keywords

- These are just annotated URLs

Uses Accessibility - web based storage

Organisation - keyword/ tagging

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Social Book marking contd…

Collaboration - students, friends, professional community etc.

Assignment- to consult book marked resource

Same sources for further use

Keep tract on the new development

Personal archive

Privacy

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Social Book marking Vs favorite

save on the Internet Only in one computer

i.e. Millions of computers

Tagged resources will No such facility, added

remain same even if resource deleted ones

the website changes system get formatted.

Tagged resources shared Not shared

Access by anybody at anytime Inaccessible from

From anywhere remote location

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Social Book marking contd.

Example:- Connotea (a free online reference management service for scientists,

researchers, and clinicians. It facilitates to organise, share and discover the online resources.)

- citeUlike (a free service for managing & discovering scholarly references. It

helps to store, share and discover new articles and resources)

- FURL : we can archive entire WebPages

- Del.icio.us

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Delicious

-It is a social bookmarking service that allows users to tag, save, manage and share resources on the Internet.

- Integrative approach to sharing, teaching and learning.

Delicious

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Delicious contd…

Why should we use social book marking?

We have already discussed for the need of it.

Generally, we come across the problem like:-Unable to access relevant resources.- difficult to access the same resources.

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Delicious contd…

What can we do?

Book mark any site on the Internet, and get to it from anywhere, at anytime and by anybody.

Share book marks and get book marks in return.

Store and discover the most useful book mark on the web

Install button in browser

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B. Blogs

- Web logs in short “blog”

- Named by John Barger

- These are web service that allow us to submit/ post our thoughts, events for others to read

- so, it is a way of conveying information instantly to the community/ world.

Example: Blogger, Livejournal etc.

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C. Wiki

- Ward Cunniggham invented in 1995

- It is a type of website that allows us to add and edit content and suited for constructive & collaborative authoring.

- Example: Wikipedia (a freely licensed, freely copy, encyclopedia contributed by thousand of volunteers & run by Wikimedia Foundation)

- good tool for collaborative assignments - http://wiki.ieee-earth.org

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D. Really Simple Syndication (RSS)

- Also known as Rich Site Summary

- Make easy for one website to include a list of headlines from another site i. e. syndication.

- Advantage:

i. Scan multiple sites from one place.

ii. Update itself with the latest items.

iii. Scan only feeds of interest

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Delicious login

Demonstration

Thank You