Web Information System Design
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Transcript of Web Information System Design
Course Summary
Understanding the current Web architecture
Web components
Web as document space
Structure of Web documents
Web principles
Knowing the future Web
Web as knowledge space
Web of data
Semantic Web
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Current Web (Web of Documents)
Future Web (Web of Data)
Class Schedule
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Part 1: Web of Documents No.1 History of the Web No.2 Web Documents No.3 Put Style to Web Documents No.4 Foundation of Web Documents No.5 Accessing Web No.6 Web of Documents No.7 Mid Term Presentation
Part 2: Web of Data No.8 Data on the Web No.9 Resource Description Framework No.10 Open Data No.11 Linked Open Data No.12 Ontology on the Web No.13 Web of Data No.14 Final Presentation
No.1 History of the Web
Tatsuya Hagino
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Question
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What is Web?
What can you do using Web?
How important Web is?
If there were no Web, how could you get information?
Invention of Web
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When 1989 - 1990
Where CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) at Geneva, Switzerland http://www.cern.ch/
Who Tim Berners-Lee (British, Computer Engineer)
For what In order to answer:
Where is this module used?
Who wrote this code? Where does he work?
What documents exist about that concept?
Which laboratories are included in that project?
Which systems depend on this device?
What documents refer to this one?
How Web = Hypertext + Internet
CERN (European Organization for Nuclear
Research)
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Google map Google map
Pictures from http://public.web.cern.ch/public/
Proposal of Web by Tim Berners-Lee
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Information Management: A Proposal
http://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html
Compare Three Methods
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Trees Keywords Hypertext
Easy to manage. Do not reflect complicated reality.
Fast to search. Assign keywords beforehand. Users do not know keywords.
Can express any structure. Keywords can be nodes.
WEB
What is Web?
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Internet
Local networks are connected together.
Using TCP/IP
Hypertext
Text with references (hyperlinks) to other text
Nonlinear text
Coined by Ted Nelson in 1963
Web = Internet + Hypertext
text
文書 text
text
文書 text
text
文書 text text
文書 text
Web = Internet + Hypertext
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Hyperlink
Hyperlink
Hyperlink
Web Basic Components
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Prepare documents using HTML and CSS
Get documents from server using HTTP
Address documents by URL
Web Server
Web Browser HTTP
Internet HTML
document HTML
document URL
HTML document
HTML document
HTML document
First Important Inventions of Web
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HTML + CSS Web page description language HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
Describe the content
CSS: Cascading Style Sheet Describe the style
HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol Protocol for transferring Web page Simplification of anonymous FTP Handle multimedia Language negotiation
URL: Uniform Resource Locator Address of Web page
HTML
CSS
+
HTTP 0.8
HTTP 1.0
HTTP 1.1
URL URI IRI
First Web Server and Web Browser
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Implemented on NeXT computer Browser can also edit documents
HyperMedia Browser/Editor
http://info.cern.ch/default.html
Why Web Becomes Popular?
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Free Gopher has license problem (free for academic use only)
Open system Anybody can join Search engine automatically collect documents
Not strict Broken links (404 Not Found) HTML grammar error
Standardization IETF World Wide Web Consortium
Not perfect as hypertext system
Snow ball effect
From Web 1.0 to Web 2.0 and Beyond
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1990 2000 2010
Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0 ?
HTML CSS XML
RDF OWL
Ajax
HTTP
URL
Web Services
SNS blog
Social Bookmark
Linked Data SPARQL
RIF
Personal Use
Cooperate Use
Personal Use
read write
read only
read write
Intranet World Wide
Community
Prediction of Web Development 4.0
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http://www.popxpop.com/archives/2007/02/web40.html
What is Web for?
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Web is the killer application of the Internet.
Become social infrastructure
Use Web to find information
Use Web to get service
Two purposes of Web
Human to human communication
for anybody
from anywhere
Human to machine communication
to solve problems
User Agent Accessibility
Guideline
Authoring Tool Accessibility
Guideline
Help Human to Human Communication
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Anybody can use: Text format
No need for special software
Internationalization Can show any natural language
Ruby
Vertical writing
Accessibility Handicapped people
Separation of content and presentation Voice browser
Use from anywhere: Independent from OS Independent from device
PC, TV, mobile phone
Web Content Accessibility
Guideline
•Perceivable •Operable •Understandable •Robust
Help Human to Machine Communication
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Problem solving using Web:
Search engine can find only pages
No general application available
HTML documents are for human to read.
Semantic Web:
Prepare data for machines to process
Agents collect data to solve problems.
HTML RDF +
Summary
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History of the Web
Invention of Web
HTML and CSS
HTTP
URL
From Web 1.0 to Web 3.0
Purpose of Web
Human to human communication
Human to machine communication
Question
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What is missing in the Web?
What do you think problems of the Web?
Can you propose new features of Web?
