Web Browsers

Web browser-  software that you run on your computer to make it work as a web client.

Web Servers-  Computers connected to the Internet which have files available to the public.

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard format for web pages that use tags that tell the browser how to display the text contained in the document.

Web Browsers

The HTML anchor tag allows the linking of multiple documents together with hyperlinks (links).

Most Web browsers display hyperlinks tin a color other than the color of the text as well as underlining them. 

Hyperlinks allow the user to connect to web  pages, media, graphic files, sound and video clips.

Web Pages and Web Sites

Web site-  A collection of linked web pages that has a common theme or focus.  The main (first) page of a web site is called the home page.

Addresses on the Web

IP (Internet Protocol address)-  A unique identification number each computer on the Internet has the IP Addressing system uses a four part number.  Each part is separated by a period (pronounced "dot"). Web browsers use domain name addressing.  Domain name-  a unique name associated with a specific IP address. 

The program which coordinates the IP address and domain name for all computers attached to it is called DNS (domain name system) software. 

Addresses on the Web

Most domain names have three parts: The protocol such as http:// The name of the organization The top-level domain

(preceded by a period)

Top-level internet domain names:

com----Business and other commercial enterprises edu----Postsecondary educational institutions gov----U.S. government agency, bureau, or

department int----International organizations mil----U.S.

military unit or agency net----Network service provider or resource org----other organizations, usually charitable or not-

for-profit

URL (uniform resource locator)

A four-part address that identifies a web pages exact location.  It tells the browser:

1. What transfer protocol to use when transporting the file

2. The domain name of the computer on which the file resides

3. The pathname of the folder or directory on the computer on which the file resides

4. The name of the file

Main Elements of Web Browsers

Title bar-  shows the name of the open page and the name of the browser.

Scroll bar-  Used to move the page up or down through the document window.

Status bar-  includes information about the browser's operations

Menu bar-convenient way for the user to execute typical File, Edit, View, and Help commands.

Home button-  Displays the start page for your browser.

Quick Access to Web Page Directories and Guides

Web directory-  Web page that contains a list of Web page categories.

Web search engines are web pages that conduct searches of the web to find the words that you enter.

Internet Explorer and Netscape each have a button which you can click to search the Internet.

Once you find a page you would like to revisit, you can list it in your favorites folder or bookmark it.

Using the History List

As you visit web pages, the browser stores the locations of them in a history list. 

You can click the Back button or the Forward button to travel through that list.

You can click the Reload (Netscape) button or the Refresh (Internet Explorer) button to refresh the page causing the browser to request the page in the window again.

You can click the Stop button to halt the web page transfer.

Printing and Saving Web Pages

Web browsers include both the print and save capabilities. 

The easiest way to print a web page is to click the Print button. 

You can save a page to disk by click on File and Save. 

You may have to save the graphics separately by right-clicking on them and clicking Save Picture.

Printing and Saving Web Pages

Copyright-  the legal right of the author or other owner of an original work to control the reproduction, distribution and sale of their work.

Copyright comes into existence as soon as the work is placed into a tangible form and exists even if the work doesn't contain a copyright notice.

Webmaster-  The person maintaining the web site who can provide information about that page.