Web осень 2012 лекция 6
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Transcript of Web осень 2012 лекция 6
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def application(environ, start_response):
status = '200 OK'
output = 'Hello World!'
response_headers = [('Content-type', 'text/plain'),
('Content-Length', str(len(output)))]
start_response(status, response_headers)
return [output]
WSGIScriptAlias / /path/to/megasite/mysite.wsgi
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from cgi import parse_qs, escape
index_html = """<html>...</html>"""
about_html = """<html>...</html>"""
contact_html = """<html>...</html>"""
def application(environ, start_response):
# Returns a dictionary containing lists as values.
d = parse_qs(environ['QUERY_STRING'])
# In this idiom you must issue a list containing a default value.
page = d.get('page', [''])[0] # Returns the first page value.
# Always escape user input to avoid script injection
page = escape(page)
if page == 'about':
response_body = about_html
elif page == 'contact':
response_body = contact_html
else:
response_body = index_html
status = '200 OK'
response_headers = [('Content-Type', 'text/html'),
('Content-Length', str(len(response_body)))]
start_response(status, response_headers)
return [response_body]
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app = Flask(__name__)
@app.route('/')
def index_page():
db = get_db()
cur = db.execute('select title, text from entries order by id desc')
entries = cur.fetchall()
return render_template('show_entries.html', entries=entries)
@app.route('/contact/')
def contact_page():
return render_template('contact_page.html')
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Model-view-controller – схема использования нескольких шаблонов
проектирования, с помощью которых модель данных приложения,
пользовательский интерфейс и взаимодействие с пользователем
разделены на три отдельных компонента так, что модификация
одного из компонентов оказывает минимальное воздействие на
остальные.
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myblog/
manage.py
myblog/
__init__.py
settings.py
urls.py
wsgi.py
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'blog',
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '1',
'HOST': '',
'PORT': '',
}
}
blog/
__init__.py
models.py
tests.py
views.py
INSTALLED_APPS = (
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.sites',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'django.contrib.admin',
'blog',
)
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from django.db import models
import datetime
class Category(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
description = models.TextField(blank=True)
def __unicode__(self):
return self.title
@models.permalink
def get_absolute_url(self):
return ('category_detail', (self.pk,))
class Post(models.Model):
title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
content = models.TextField()
category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
creation_date =
models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.datetime.now)
def previous_post(self):
"""Return the previous entry"""
def next_post(self):
"""Return the next entry"""
def __unicode__(self):
return self.title
@models.permalink
def get_absolute_url(self):
return ('post_detail', (self.pk,))
class Meta:
ordering = ['-creation_date']
>>> from blog.models import Category, Post
>>> Category.objects.all()
[]
>>> c = Category(title="Python")
>>> c.save()
>>> c.id
1
>>> c.title="About Python"
>>> c.save()
>>> Category.objects.all()
[<Category: About Python>]
>>> Category.objects.filter(id=1)
[<Category: About Python>]
>>> c = Category.objects.get(id=1)
<Category: About Python>
>>> c.post_set.all()
[]
>>> c.post_set.create(title="New post", content="Many words")
<Post: New post>
>>> c.post_set.count()
1
>>> c.delete()
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def post_list(request):
object_list = Post.objects.all()
return render(
request, 'blog/post_list.html',
{'object_list': object_list}
)
def post_detail(request, pk):
try:
object = Post.objects.get(pk=pk)
except Post.DoesNotExist:
raise Http404
return render(
request, 'blog/post_detail.html',
{'object': object}
)
def category(request, pk):
cat = get_object_or_404(Category, pk=pk)
post_list = Post.objects.filter(category=cat)
return render(request, 'blog/category.html', {
'category': cat,
'post_list' : post_list
})
from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views',
(r'^$', 'post_list'),
url(r'^post/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', 'post_detail',
name='post_detail'),
url(r'^category/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', 'category',
name='category_detail'),
)
import os
def rel(*x):
return
os.path.join(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file_
_)), * x)
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
rel('../templates'),
)
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Блог</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Мой блог</h1>
{% block content %}{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
<ul>
{% for object in object_list %}
<li><a href="{{ object.get_absolute_url
}}">{{ object }}</a> {{
object.created_date|date:"d.m.Y" }}</li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endblock %}
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
<h2>{{ object }}</h2>
<p><small>{{ object.creation_date }} <a
href="{{ object.category.get_absolute_url}}">{{
object.category }}</a></p>
<div>{{ object.content }}</div>
{% endblock %}
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
<h2>{{ category }}</h2>
<ul>
{% for object in post_list %}
<li><a href="{{
object.get_absolute_url}}">{{ object }}</a></li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% endblock %}
from django import forms
class ContactForm(forms.Form):
email = forms.EmailField(label=u'Ваш e-mail',
max_length=100)
message = forms.CharField(label=u'Сообщение',
widget=forms.Textarea)
from blog.forms import ContactForm
from django.core.mail import send_mail
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
def contact(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
form = ContactForm(request.POST)
if form.is_valid():
subject = u'Сообщение с блога'
message = form.cleaned_data['message']
sender = form.cleaned_data['email']
recipients = ['[email protected]']
send_mail(subject, message, sender, recipients)
return HttpResponseRedirect('/')
else:
form = ContactForm()
return render(request, 'blog/contact.html', {
'form': form
})
urlpatterns = patterns('blog.views',
(r'^$', 'post_list'),
url(r'^post/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', 'post_detail',
name='post_detail'),
url(r'^category/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', 'category',
name='category_detail'),
(r'^contacts/$', 'contact'),
)
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block content %}
<form action="" method="post">
{% csrf_token %}
{{ form.as_p }}
<input type="submit" value="Отправить" />
</form>
{% endblock %}
from django import template
from blog.models import Post
register = template.Library()
@register.inclusion_tag('blog/tags/last_posts.html')
def last_posts():
return {'post_list': Post.objects.all()[:5]}
<ul>
{% for object in post_list %}
<li><a href="{{ object.get_absolute_url}}">{{
object }}</a></li>
{% endfor %}
</ul>
{% load blog_tags %}
{% last_posts %}
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