weather WEEKLY WEATHER AND CROP BULLETIN · Pacific Northwest, with a few spots in both regions...

Volume 106, No. 15 http://www.usda.gov/oce/weather April 9, 2019

(Continued on page 3)

Contents

Crop Moisture Maps ....................................................... 2 Temperature Departure Map .......................................... 3 Extreme Maximum & Minimum Temperature Maps ....... 4 April 2 Drought Monitor & Soil Temperature Map........... 5 National Weather Data for Selected Cities ..................... 6 March Weather and Crop Summary ............................ 9 March Precipitation & Temperature Maps ................ 13 March Weather Data for Selected Cities ................... 16 National Agricultural Summary ..................................... 17 Crop Progress and Condition Tables ........................... 18 International Weather and Crop Summary ................... 22 Bulletin Information & U.S. Crop Production Highlights ............................. 34

WEEKLY WEATHER AND CROP BULLETIN

ignificant precipitation fell mainly across the South and Pacific Northwest, with a few spots in both regions

receiving in excess of 4 inches. Mostly light precipitation fell in other areas of the country, except for mostly dry weather in the Southwest. Southern showers resulted in some fieldwork delays, although the rain eased short-term dryness and benefited winter grains and emerging summer crops. On April 2, wet snow fell in parts of the Carolinas. Three days later, portions of the Northeast received measurable snow. Farther west, periods of cool weather

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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE National Agricultural Statistics Service and World Agricultural Outlook Board

HIGHLIGHTS March 31 – April 6, 2019

Highlights provided by USDA/WAOB

2 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin April 9, 2019

April 9, 2019 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 3 (Continued from front cover) and light precipitation limited Midwestern fieldwork opportunities, especially in the still-soggy western Corn Belt. In contrast, weekly temperatures averaged more than 5°F above normal in many locations from the Pacific Northwest to the northern half of the Plains. However, cool weather across the South and East held temperatures at least 5°F below normal in parts of the western and central Gulf Coast States. On April 2, light freezes occurred as far south as central Louisiana. Elsewhere, warmer weather on the Plains promoted winter wheat development, while widespread precipitation fell across the northern half of the western U.S. In particular, late-season precipitation eased the effects of a dry March from the Pacific Northwest to the northernmost Rockies. During the first half of the week, cool conditions dominated the South. The first day of April featured daily-record lows in locations such as Tupelo, MS (30°F), and Lufkin, TX (32°F). The following day, record-setting lows for April 2 included 30°F in El Dorado, AR; 31°F in Shreveport, LA; and 32°F in Austin, TX. Meanwhile, mild air overspread the Pacific Northwest, where Bellingham, WA, posted a daily-record high of 71°F on April 2. In contrast, April 2 high temperatures in North Carolina peaked at just 40°F in Raleigh-Durham and 43°F in Fayetteville. By week’s end, warmth arrived in the upper Midwest, where La Crosse, WI (71°F on April 6), experienced its warmest day since October 10, 2018. Late-week warmth also developed in the Southeast, where daily-record highs in Florida for April 6 reached 90°F in Gainesville and Naples. Early-week rain fell in southern Texas, where record-setting totals for March 31 included 1.76 inches in Harlingen and 1.52 inches in McAllen. In contrast, Quillayute, WA, completed its driest March on record, with a total of 1.51 inches (previously, 1.84 inches in 1992). Later, a storm system produced rain and wet snow in the Atlantic Coast States. Daily-record rainfall totals for April 2 reached 2.23 inches in Cape Hatteras, NC, and 1.00 inch in North Myrtle Beach, SC, while a trace of snow fell in Greensboro, NC, and Greenville-Spartanburg, SC. On the same date, Charlotte, NC, reported snowfall totaling 0.1 inch—the first measurable snow in April at that location since April 3, 1915. Heavy

showers developed on the 4th in the central Gulf Coast region, where Lake Charles, LA (6.42 inches), experienced its wettest April day since April 29, 1940, when 7.61 inches fell. Another round of precipitation moved across the East on April 5, when Albany, NY, collected a daily-record snowfall of 2.1 inches. Farther west, periods of precipitation resulted in daily-record totals in Washington locations such as Bellingham (0.62 inch on April 3) and Wenatchee (0.32 inch on April 5). Northwestern precipitation intensified at week’s end, when daily-record totals in Oregon for April 6 included 1.21 inches in Salem, 0.88 inch in Troutdale, and 0.78 inch in Portland. Mild, mostly dry weather prevailed in Alaska, although some precipitation fell across the state’s southern tier. Weekly temperatures averaged at least 10 to 20°F above normal in many mainland locations, accompanied by numerous daily-record highs. In fact, Juneau collected its eighth consecutive daily-record high (59°F) on April 1. Other record-setting highs for April 1 included 61°F in Yakutat and 51°F in King Salmon. From March 30 – April 3, King Salmon logged five consecutive daily-record highs (52, 54, 51, 52, and 53°F). Among the Alaskan stations receiving at least an inch of rain from April 4-6 were Kodiak (1.71 inches) and Ketchikan (2.00 inches). Farther south, dry weather again dominated Hawaii. During the first 6 days of April, no rain fell in Honolulu, Oahu. During the same 6 days, Lihue, Kauai, netted rainfall totaling just 0.03 inch (5 percent of normal). Lihue also posted a daily-record high of 87°F on April 6—the warmest day in that location since August 21, 2018.

April 9, 2019 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 5

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The Drought Monitor focuses on broad-scale conditions. Local conditions may vary. See accompanying text summary for forecast statements.

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http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/

U.S. Drought Monitor April 2, 2019

Valid 8 a.m. EDT

(Released Thursday, Apr. 4, 2019)

Intensity:D0 Abnormally DryD1 Moderate DroughtD2 Severe DroughtD3 Extreme DroughtD4 Exceptional Drought

Author:Curtis Riganti

Drought Impact Types:

S = Short-Term, typically less than 6 months (e.g. agriculture, grasslands)

L = Long-Term, typically greater than 6 months (e.g. hydrology, ecology)

Delineates dominant impacts

National Drought Mitigation Center


NUMBER OF DAYS

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AL BIRMINGHAM 69 45 78 32 57 -1 0.74 -0.52 0.50 3.47 48 16.09 96 87 40 0 1 4 1HUNTSVILLE 67 44 79 33 55 -2 0.55 -0.71 0.32 4.41 57 25.28 139 83 46 0 0 4 0MOBILE 71 50 82 42 61 -2 1.53 0.13 1.43 3.16 38 12.65 66 86 65 0 0 2 1MONTGOMERY 73 48 80 40 61 0 0.27 -0.93 0.16 4.05 55 11.05 62 91 45 0 0 3 0

AK ANCHORAGE 47 29 51 27 38 7 0.01 -0.10 0.01 0.05 7 1.73 80 82 59 0 7 1 0BARROW 8 -5 24 -12 1 10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.69 767 2.32 703 93 79 0 7 0 0FAIRBANKS 41 20 54 12 31 9 0.00 -0.03 0.00 0.00 0 1.44 118 62 50 0 7 0 0JUNEAU 52 32 59 27 42 5 0.35 -0.30 0.31 2.56 63 12.26 95 89 70 0 3 2 0KODIAK 47 32 53 26 39 4 1.65 0.48 1.25 8.85 142 16.93 84 88 72 0 5 3 1NOME 32 18 37 13 25 12 0.00 -0.14 0.00 1.82 253 5.65 236 82 75 0 7 0 0

AZ FLAGSTAFF 56 27 59 19 42 2 0.00 -0.40 0.00 2.59 88 11.49 149 72 26 0 6 0 0PHOENIX 83 60 88 55 71 5 0.00 -0.13 0.00 0.30 25 2.83 102 35 23 0 0 0 0PRESCOTT 65 36 67 29 51 4 0.00 -0.24 0.00 1.11 53 7.54 136 63 20 0 2 0 0TUCSON 80 51 84 46 65 3 0.01 -0.06 0.01 0.63 72 3.75 137 40 19 0 0 1 0

AR FORT SMITH 67 44 75 35 56 -1 0.77 -0.09 0.59 3.63 78 12.62 131 85 42 0 0 3 1LITTLE ROCK 65 42 73 34 53 -4 2.40 1.17 1.62 5.71 96 16.90 131 88 40 0 0 2 2

CA BAKERSFIELD 75 53 82 48 64 4 0.01 -0.20 0.01 2.03 128 4.61 116 70 50 0 0 1 0FRESNO 74 52 79 48 63 5 0.14 -0.20 0.14 1.40 56 6.89 102 83 57 0 0 1 0LOS ANGELES 71 57 81 54 64 5 0.00 -0.30 0.00 2.11 80 12.05 138 78 52 0 0 0 0REDDING 65 52 77 42 59 5 0.88 0.03 0.55 10.23 174 26.03 146 86 67 0 0 5 1SACRAMENTO 66 50 73 42 58 2 0.56 0.16 0.36 4.33 138 15.99 152 95 60 0 0 3 0SAN DIEGO 71 58 82 56 65 4 0.09 -0.27 0.08 1.33 52 7.55 110 73 54 0 0 2 0SAN FRANCISCO 64 52 70 49 58 3 0.16 -0.33 0.08 4.68 128 16.44 136 82 75 0 0 3 0STOCKTON 70 50 75 42 60 3 0.48 0.12 0.29 2.89 112 9.78 126 88 68 0 0 3 0

CO ALAMOSA 53 22 61 19 38 1 0.24 0.13 0.24 1.43 260 2.96 293 85 37 0 7 1 0CO SPRINGS 59 34 67 24 46 5 0.01 -0.29 0.01 1.22 92 2.19 112 75 24 0 5 1 0DENVER INTL 61 34 70 25 48 6 0.00 -0.14 0.00 1.39 138 2.87 195 79 27 0 3 0 0GRAND JUNCTION 64 41 69 32 52 5 0.01 -0.19 0.01 2.31 197 3.75 165 60 34 0 1 1 0PUEBLO 65 35 76 30 50 4 0.04 -0.22 0.04 1.36 114 2.10 118 81 46 0 3 1 0

CT BRIDGEPORT 55 36 68 29 45 1 0.70 -0.26 0.33 3.79 76 11.38 98 66 45 0 2 4 0HARTFORD 56 31 67 22 43 0 0.58 -0.33 0.31 3.34 72 12.39 108 69 38 0 4 4 0

DC WASHINGTON 62 41 72 34 51 0 0.18 -0.51 0.10 4.14 99 10.96 109 74 33 0 0 3 0DE WILMINGTON 60 36 69 29 48 0 0.12 -0.70 0.07 4.21 90 12.04 110 81 32 0 2 3 0FL DAYTONA BEACH 77 59 84 50 68 1 0.79 0.00 0.51 1.68 37 6.48 62 100 60 0 0 4 1

JACKSONVILLE 74 53 86 42 64 0 0.83 -0.02 0.27 2.79 60 8.99 78 95 54 0 0 4 0KEY WEST 83 73 85 67 78 3 0.15 -0.32 0.10 1.95 86 5.00 83 86 67 0 0 2 0MIAMI 83 69 89 66 76 2 1.59 0.87 1.59 3.50 110 7.03 98 89 59 0 0 1 1ORLANDO 81 60 88 55 71 2 0.60 -0.14 0.59 1.23 29 6.49 73 89 54 0 0 2 1PENSACOLA 71 54 77 46 62 -2 2.55 1.31 1.67 4.06 54 9.17 52 91 66 0 0 4 2TALLAHASSEE 73 52 83 41 62 -2 1.27 0.09 1.06 4.29 57 8.88 51 95 67 0 0 6 1TAMPA 81 63 86 57 72 3 0.51 0.01 0.37 2.43 74 9.55 116 87 52 0 0 3 0WEST PALM BEACH 82 68 85 63 75 3 0.38 -0.53 0.34 3.28 74 14.59 136 87 59 0 0 3 0

GA ATHENS 68 44 74 33 56 -1 0.31 -0.62 0.16 2.30 40 11.25 76 81 48 0 0 3 0ATLANTA 69 48 76 38 59 1 0.61 -0.38 0.33 2.68 43 13.05 82 72 45 0 0 4 0AUGUSTA 70 45 77 34 57 -2 0.90 0.01 0.54 3.14 58 8.68 62 87 62 0 0 2 1COLUMBUS 71 49 77 41 60 -1 0.39 -0.71 0.31 2.85 43 10.00 63 88 42 0 0 2 0MACON 71 46 82 36 59 -1 0.28 -0.63 0.09 1.81 32 9.33 61 90 42 0 0 5 0SAVANNAH 71 50 80 39 60 -2 0.25 -0.63 0.12 1.95 44 5.39 48 93 53 0 0 4 0

HI HILO 80 66 83 65 73 1 0.65 -2.80 0.41 5.30 31 17.80 50 82 69 0 0 3 0HONOLULU 85 66 86 64 75 0 0.00 -0.30 0.00 0.09 4 2.59 36 77 64 0 0 0 0KAHULUI 86 67 87 61 76 2 0.01 -0.50 0.01 0.63 23 8.13 91 75 65 0 0 1 0LIHUE 82 66 87 61 74 1 0.03 -0.71 0.03 1.14 27 4.60 38 79 69 0 0 1 0

ID BOISE 60 44 66 36 52 5 0.36 0.06 0.14 1.69 101 6.48 154 80 51 0 0 4 0LEWISTON 63 43 68 37 53 5 0.33 0.07 0.22 1.23 91 5.22 152 77 58 0 0 3 0POCATELLO 56 35 60 24 46 4 0.57 0.30 0.20 1.82 113 5.42 144 88 57 0 2 5 0

IL CHICAGO/O'HARE 53 35 66 23 44 1 0.25 -0.55 0.25 2.34 70 7.21 107 80 55 0 2 1 0MOLINE 56 35 72 26 46 1 0.12 -0.71 0.07 2.26 62 9.04 135 79 54 0 3 2 0PEORIA 54 36 68 26 45 -1 0.30 -0.42 0.30 4.64 134 10.29 155 82 56 0 2 1 0ROCKFORD 53 34 67 22 44 2 0.13 -0.61 0.12 2.22 73 8.52 147 80 58 0 3 2 0SPRINGFIELD 56 36 69 27 46 -2 0.55 -0.19 0.52 4.06 107 10.09 140 97 52 0 3 2 1

IN EVANSVILLE 60 39 70 27 49 -2 0.26 -0.73 0.25 7.54 147 18.93 170 89 50 0 2 2 0FORT WAYNE 53 34 69 23 44 0 0.07 -0.69 0.07 4.01 114 8.55 114 88 56 0 2 1 0INDIANAPOLIS 56 37 68 24 47 0 0.03 -0.77 0.03 5.09 123 12.58 139 82 45 0 2 1 0SOUTH BEND 52 30 68 19 41 -2 0.19 -0.61 0.19 2.37 66 7.36 94 84 56 0 2 1 0

IA BURLINGTON 54 36 71 26 45 -2 0.14 -0.62 0.14 3.46 96 8.07 125 81 53 0 2 1 0CEDAR RAPIDS 56 34 72 18 45 2 0.12 -0.55 0.09 1.36 48 6.23 126 94 46 0 3 3 0DES MOINES 59 36 76 22 48 3 0.22 -0.48 0.13 2.74 98 6.55 130 83 56 0 2 3 0DUBUQUE 53 32 67 19 43 2 0.22 -0.50 0.09 1.91 60 8.56 145 83 61 0 3 3 0SIOUX CITY 58 34 77 19 46 3 1.49 0.93 0.82 4.39 177 6.03 163 93 74 0 4 4 1WATERLOO 57 35 75 20 46 4 0.46 -0.18 0.20 2.31 86 6.48 141 90 55 0 2 3 0

KS CONCORDIA 67 42 78 25 54 6 0.54 0.02 0.53 2.71 97 5.08 122 81 52 0 1 2 1DODGE CITY 65 38 79 20 51 2 0.01 -0.46 0.01 1.21 54 2.82 80 84 41 0 2 1 0GOODLAND 65 35 76 20 50 6 0.00 -0.25 0.00 1.17 83 2.34 103 90 50 0 3 0 0TOPEKA 63 40 76 27 52 2 0.31 -0.32 0.31 3.05 98 6.54 125 78 56 0 1 1 0

Based on 1971-2000 normals *** Not Available

TEMP. ˚F

National Weather Data for Selected CitiesWeather Data for the Week Ending April 6, 2019

Data Provided by Climate Prediction Center

PRECIPSTATES

AND STATIONS

RELATIVE HUMIDITY PERCENT

TEMPERATURE ˚F PRECIPITATION


NUMBER OF DAYS

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WICHITA 65 41 74 26 53 2 0.38 -0.21 0.35 2.94 91 5.08 100 81 49 0 1 2 0

KY JACKSON 62 40 76 24 51 -1 0.26 -0.60 0.25 2.62 51 15.75 128 77 36 0 2 2 0LEXINGTON 61 40 73 25 50 0 0.27 -0.60 0.25 3.14 61 14.88 127 68 45 0 2 2 0LOUISVILLE 63 44 76 29 53 1 0.24 -0.65 0.13 3.81 74 16.21 139 68 37 0 2 2 0PADUCAH 63 41 76 29 52 -1 0.13 -0.89 0.13 6.40 124 21.60 172 83 45 0 3 1 0

LA BATON ROUGE 71 51 86 38 61 -3 2.10 0.87 2.00 3.21 52 10.11 58 94 51 0 0 3 1LAKE CHARLES 71 52 83 38 62 -2 6.42 5.64 6.42 7.12 169 15.05 116 87 56 0 0 1 1NEW ORLEANS 73 57 83 49 65 0 4.15 2.91 3.52 5.66 90 16.17 92 83 61 0 0 3 1SHREVEPORT 68 46 75 31 57 -5 0.47 -0.47 0.32 2.86 57 10.49 76 92 52 0 1 3 0

ME CARIBOU 41 26 56 18 33 1 1.01 0.43 0.53 2.23 73 10.79 133 78 45 0 7 3 1PORTLAND 50 30 61 24 40 1 0.53 -0.49 0.25 3.00 60 12.48 102 83 36 0 4 4 0

MD BALTIMORE 60 36 70 30 48 -1 0.07 -0.68 0.03 3.77 82 10.96 99 78 44 0 2 3 0MA BOSTON 57 37 70 30 47 3 0.76 -0.12 0.34 3.63 79 11.00 93 77 27 0 1 5 0

WORCESTER 50 28 61 23 39 0 0.54 -0.41 0.21 3.34 66 11.90 97 85 35 0 6 4 0MI ALPENA 42 26 52 18 34 0 0.23 -0.29 0.09 1.58 61 6.71 118 86 49 0 5 3 0

GRAND RAPIDS 50 31 65 19 41 1 0.13 -0.62 0.08 2.30 71 9.19 135 80 42 0 3 2 0HOUGHTON LAKE 43 25 58 12 34 -1 0.25 -0.29 0.15 1.97 78 6.98 130 83 53 0 5 3 0LANSING 50 31 66 20 41 1 0.09 -0.62 0.07 2.06 70 6.94 116 82 53 0 2 2 0MUSKEGON 48 32 64 24 40 1 0.12 -0.53 0.11 3.28 112 11.05 164 77 50 0 2 2 0TRAVERSE CITY 43 28 51 18 36 -1 0.36 -0.25 0.20 1.66 66 8.62 118 89 45 0 4 4 0

MN DULUTH 43 27 48 18 35 3 0.10 -0.37 0.05 1.31 63 4.40 109 77 54 0 5 2 0INT'L FALLS 42 21 55 11 32 1 0.04 -0.24 0.04 0.86 72 3.80 142 94 52 0 5 1 0MINNEAPOLIS 48 32 53 21 40 1 1.02 0.50 0.95 3.04 132 6.56 158 77 55 0 4 3 1ROCHESTER 49 30 67 19 40 2 0.29 -0.31 0.12 1.71 71 6.61 162 96 65 0 4 3 0ST. CLOUD 44 28 49 17 36 0 0.56 0.08 0.51 2.26 118 4.62 141 94 51 0 5 2 1

MS JACKSON 67 46 77 36 57 -3 1.34 -0.07 0.91 5.23 75 14.87 87 86 50 0 0 2 1MERIDIAN 69 46 77 37 57 -4 1.12 -0.33 1.11 4.13 51 16.23 83 86 54 0 0 2 1TUPELO 67 43 80 30 55 -2 1.90 0.64 1.60 4.63 63 25.65 149 82 47 0 1 3 1

MO COLUMBIA 59 39 73 28 49 -1 0.56 -0.26 0.56 5.10 130 12.06 154 84 51 0 2 1 1KANSAS CITY 60 39 77 24 49 0 0.82 0.24 0.50 4.12 140 8.34 154 84 48 0 2 2 1SAINT LOUIS 59 40 71 30 49 -2 0.45 -0.38 0.45 6.25 145 12.74 146 79 51 0 2 1 0SPRINGFIELD 63 40 75 26 51 0 0.58 -0.41 0.58 3.99 85 9.73 107 80 56 0 3 1 1

MT BILLINGS 61 40 69 33 50 9 0.25 -0.06 0.15 0.47 34 3.42 124 71 35 0 0 2 0BUTTE 49 26 54 13 37 2 0.11 -0.08 0.07 0.83 83 2.01 101 83 39 0 7 2 0CUT BANK 52 28 57 21 40 4 0.06 -0.08 0.03 0.35 52 1.08 81 88 37 0 5 3 0GLASGOW 57 33 70 28 45 7 0.00 -0.11 0.00 0.18 32 2.18 186 80 49 0 5 0 0GREAT FALLS 55 30 61 19 43 5 0.07 -0.18 0.07 0.64 52 4.20 174 91 40 0 4 1 0HAVRE 57 30 65 25 44 6 0.00 -0.14 0.00 0.23 28 2.13 129 87 45 0 4 0 0MISSOULA 56 32 60 25 44 2 0.07 -0.12 0.07 0.60 53 3.25 110 82 56 0 3 1 0

NE GRAND ISLAND 63 37 77 20 50 6 0.20 -0.32 0.08 3.66 147 5.11 138 91 55 0 3 3 0LINCOLN 64 38 79 18 51 5 0.29 -0.29 0.22 2.79 103 5.77 143 85 48 0 1 3 0NORFOLK 59 34 76 19 47 4 0.90 0.38 0.70 *** *** *** *** 88 62 0 4 2 1NORTH PLATTE 64 32 77 11 48 5 0.01 -0.31 0.01 2.70 178 3.45 143 93 44 0 3 1 0OMAHA 61 39 79 24 50 4 0.21 -0.35 0.13 2.90 111 6.04 144 81 62 0 1 2 0SCOTTSBLUFF 65 32 75 21 49 8 0.08 -0.23 0.04 1.74 122 2.40 94 86 51 0 3 2 0VALENTINE 61 29 78 18 45 5 0.29 -0.01 0.28 2.14 156 3.36 156 86 62 0 4 2 0

NV ELY 54 29 59 20 41 2 0.47 0.28 0.27 3.75 307 6.40 236 90 47 0 6 3 0LAS VEGAS 77 57 80 53 67 5 0.00 -0.05 0.00 0.37 59 3.46 181 34 23 0 0 0 0RENO 61 39 65 33 50 4 0.17 0.07 0.11 1.30 138 8.06 263 72 43 0 0 2 0WINNEMUCCA 60 34 64 24 47 4 0.35 0.16 0.30 1.68 163 4.37 176 87 50 0 3 4 0

NH CONCORD 53 27 65 18 40 1 0.36 -0.36 0.27 1.83 50 8.37 93 83 31 0 5 3 0NJ NEWARK 58 38 69 32 48 1 0.20 -0.72 0.17 4.37 87 12.05 101 66 44 0 1 2 0NM ALBUQUERQUE 62 39 69 32 50 -2 0.12 0.01 0.12 0.73 104 1.90 117 62 27 0 1 1 0NY ALBANY 52 29 62 22 41 0 0.38 -0.38 0.26 1.62 43 8.59 102 70 31 0 5 2 0

BINGHAMTON 46 26 58 20 36 -2 0.47 -0.29 0.28 1.88 52 8.11 94 78 48 0 6 3 0BUFFALO 44 29 60 22 37 -3 0.52 -0.20 0.37 2.86 79 11.85 129 82 48 0 6 2 0ROCHESTER 47 30 60 24 38 -2 0.42 -0.21 0.29 1.60 51 7.07 94 72 50 0 6 3 0SYRACUSE 49 29 59 22 39 -1 0.64 -0.13 0.43 2.09 57 8.19 98 78 40 0 6 3 0

NC ASHEVILLE 63 39 73 30 51 1 0.55 -0.37 0.38 3.01 56 15.20 115 79 47 0 2 2 0CHARLOTTE 66 42 76 31 54 -3 1.40 0.59 1.18 4.42 87 14.95 118 79 38 0 1 3 1GREENSBORO 63 41 75 31 52 -2 0.90 0.10 0.81 4.08 90 13.98 125 84 39 0 2 3 1HATTERAS 65 50 71 42 57 1 2.35 1.37 2.23 5.08 88 15.08 97 89 56 0 0 3 1RALEIGH 61 42 75 31 52 -3 0.90 0.18 0.54 4.10 88 11.79 97 84 56 0 2 3 1WILMINGTON 65 46 78 36 56 -3 1.98 1.22 1.10 5.07 104 8.90 68 88 46 0 0 4 2

ND BISMARCK 51 31 55 22 41 5 0.02 -0.22 0.02 1.13 107 2.93 145 93 66 0 4 1 0DICKINSON 53 29 65 17 41 5 0.07 -0.23 0.07 0.07 7 2.46 141 90 38 0 4 1 0FARGO 42 30 53 22 36 1 0.00 -0.28 0.00 1.41 100 3.97 144 94 65 0 5 0 0GRAND FORKS 40 28 47 24 34 0 0.08 -0.14 0.05 0.92 85 3.79 162 90 62 0 5 3 0JAMESTOWN 43 28 50 20 36 1 0.02 -0.23 0.02 0.20 18 2.03 91 98 62 0 5 1 0WILLISTON 52 28 68 16 40 5 0.13 -0.06 0.07 0.14 15 2.07 113 84 56 0 5 2 0

OH AKRON-CANTON 52 35 69 23 43 0 0.15 -0.57 0.09 3.63 97 11.04 129 75 53 0 3 3 0CINCINNATI 58 38 70 22 48 -1 0.08 -0.83 0.08 5.90 126 17.24 167 70 46 0 2 1 0CLEVELAND 51 36 67 26 44 1 0.02 -0.72 0.01 3.12 87 10.29 123 75 49 0 3 2 0COLUMBUS 55 37 70 24 46 -1 0.05 -0.64 0.05 5.39 155 13.97 170 74 47 0 3 1 0DAYTON 56 37 69 22 46 0 0.04 -0.84 0.03 3.63 90 14.03 157 71 40 0 3 2 0MANSFIELD 51 35 66 20 43 1 0.07 -0.85 0.05 3.85 93 11.32 126 85 49 0 3 3 0


TEMP. ˚F PRECIPSTATES

AND STATIONS


Weather Data for the Week Ending April 6, 2019



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TOLEDO 54 34 70 22 44 1 0.00 -0.72 0.00 3.54 109 7.91 112 72 47 0 3 0 0YOUNGSTOWN 50 32 67 20 41 -1 0.18 -0.58 0.12 3.75 101 11.21 139 79 51 0 3 2 0

OK OKLAHOMA CITY 67 43 74 29 55 -1 0.65 0.06 0.28 3.36 99 5.90 95 86 43 0 1 3 0TULSA 67 43 74 29 55 -1 0.48 -0.32 0.47 3.97 93 9.04 116 81 53 0 1 2 0

OR ASTORIA 58 45 63 36 51 4 1.65 0.21 0.88 4.13 48 16.71 64 94 79 0 0 4 2BURNS 56 35 59 27 45 5 0.41 0.20 0.20 1.70 120 5.94 160 87 62 0 2 5 0EUGENE 61 47 69 37 54 6 3.14 2.07 1.08 4.25 63 15.47 75 92 82 0 0 6 3MEDFORD 64 46 72 36 55 6 0.92 0.59 0.48 1.87 88 9.86 147 91 47 0 0 5 0PENDLETON 64 42 67 35 53 5 0.18 -0.07 0.11 1.41 96 6.26 151 84 55 0 0 2 0PORTLAND 63 46 71 41 55 6 1.07 0.38 0.57 2.62 61 9.51 70 85 68 0 0 5 1SALEM 60 46 69 37 53 5 2.20 1.45 1.01 3.90 81 13.92 88 88 75 0 0 6 1

PA ALLENTOWN 58 33 68 26 46 2 0.47 -0.32 0.36 5.38 127 13.19 126 63 39 0 3 2 0ERIE 46 33 59 28 40 -2 0.19 -0.61 0.10 3.47 91 10.25 119 70 56 0 5 2 0MIDDLETOWN 59 34 66 30 46 -1 0.23 -0.46 0.22 5.00 129 11.87 123 78 31 0 4 2 0PHILADELPHIA 59 38 68 32 49 1 0.19 -0.64 0.10 3.96 88 11.25 104 67 43 0 2 2 0PITTSBURGH 53 33 66 23 43 -2 0.17 -0.53 0.12 2.36 63 10.65 120 80 42 0 3 2 0WILKES-BARRE 53 30 63 26 42 -1 0.44 -0.26 0.40 3.21 98 9.46 121 76 30 0 5 2 0WILLIAMSPORT 55 29 66 24 42 -2 0.29 -0.50 0.29 2.42 62 9.70 104 75 45 0 6 1 0

RI PROVIDENCE 56 33 67 24 44 0 1.07 0.02 0.46 4.36 82 14.78 112 67 42 0 3 5 0SC CHARLESTON 71 47 80 36 59 -2 1.78 0.95 1.04 2.47 52 4.83 41 95 47 0 0 5 2

COLUMBIA 68 44 76 32 56 -3 1.61 0.68 1.10 4.26 79 8.21 59 86 59 0 1 2 2FLORENCE 67 46 76 33 56 -4 2.12 1.31 1.28 4.65 99 9.16 78 88 43 0 0 2 2GREENVILLE 66 43 76 34 55 0 1.04 0.09 0.94 3.82 63 16.07 109 80 37 0 0 3 1

SD ABERDEEN 49 30 66 23 40 2 0.01 -0.37 0.01 1.16 69 3.60 137 90 78 0 4 1 0HURON 54 32 68 23 43 4 0.09 -0.38 0.08 2.18 105 4.26 136 90 58 0 4 2 0RAPID CITY 59 28 75 20 43 3 0.21 -0.10 0.21 0.92 71 2.40 113 91 43 0 4 1 0SIOUX FALLS 54 33 67 18 44 5 1.09 0.55 0.57 4.74 208 7.26 220 92 70 0 4 5 1

TN BRISTOL 65 37 76 26 51 0 0.89 0.15 0.49 4.20 93 18.96 165 83 33 0 3 2 0CHATTANOOGA 67 44 77 36 55 -1 0.63 -0.57 0.41 6.60 92 24.92 143 79 42 0 0 3 0KNOXVILLE 65 41 76 31 53 -1 0.90 -0.11 0.59 4.74 79 22.79 156 86 38 0 1 3 1MEMPHIS 66 45 80 35 55 -3 2.31 0.99 1.38 6.43 96 19.96 131 81 39 0 0 2 2NASHVILLE 65 43 79 30 54 -1 0.40 -0.56 0.37 4.00 70 22.41 168 78 35 0 1 2 0

TX ABILENE 73 49 84 34 61 0 0.49 0.17 0.49 1.78 105 2.88 76 80 44 0 0 1 0AMARILLO 70 40 78 23 55 3 0.24 -0.04 0.16 2.39 174 2.73 107 81 27 0 1 2 0AUSTIN 73 48 91 32 61 -4 1.37 0.96 1.32 1.89 76 5.76 90 77 62 1 1 3 1BEAUMONT 72 53 83 36 62 -3 0.34 -0.52 0.34 1.16 26 10.68 79 88 58 0 0 1 0BROWNSVILLE 78 62 91 48 70 -1 0.51 0.19 0.42 2.31 191 4.21 112 98 72 1 0 3 0CORPUS CHRISTI 75 59 90 45 67 -2 0.80 0.43 0.77 1.04 51 3.45 63 90 73 1 0 3 1DEL RIO 79 53 92 43 66 -1 0.01 -0.25 0.01 0.45 38 0.71 26 76 55 2 0 1 0EL PASO 75 48 80 40 61 0 0.00 -0.03 0.00 0.26 93 0.47 42 33 13 0 0 0 0FORT WORTH 70 49 83 40 59 -2 0.35 -0.23 0.35 2.39 67 5.26 67 78 45 0 0 1 0GALVESTON 68 58 77 47 63 -4 0.60 0.00 0.58 1.56 48 9.44 95 88 65 0 0 2 1HOUSTON 73 53 84 37 63 -3 0.39 -0.40 0.29 0.89 22 7.00 65 96 67 0 0 3 0LUBBOCK 72 43 82 27 57 1 0.26 0.06 0.18 1.40 149 1.46 68 70 38 0 1 2 0MIDLAND 76 45 85 34 61 1 0.00 -0.06 0.00 0.81 172 0.95 60 69 30 0 0 0 0SAN ANGELO 75 48 87 38 62 1 0.13 -0.08 0.13 0.79 68 1.39 44 76 46 0 0 1 0SAN ANTONIO 73 53 86 37 63 -2 0.04 -0.40 0.04 0.53 23 2.63 46 83 49 0 0 1 0VICTORIA 73 53 86 36 63 -4 0.59 0.06 0.41 0.67 25 5.46 76 93 72 0 0 4 0WACO 69 47 89 34 58 -4 1.32 0.82 1.24 2.71 93 8.29 115 84 68 0 0 2 1WICHITA FALLS 70 44 80 29 57 -1 0.22 -0.30 0.21 2.79 103 4.68 87 89 51 0 1 2 0

UT SALT LAKE CITY 59 43 66 32 51 4 0.52 0.11 0.32 3.59 159 6.61 133 80 42 0 1 3 0VT BURLINGTON 49 28 62 20 39 2 0.42 -0.19 0.30 2.49 88 8.12 121 69 34 0 6 2 0VA LYNCHBURG 61 35 73 25 48 -3 0.45 -0.35 0.41 3.98 88 11.63 104 76 36 0 3 2 0

NORFOLK 60 44 72 35 52 -1 0.75 -0.10 0.53 3.13 65 11.63 96 86 52 0 0 4 1RICHMOND 61 38 71 30 50 -3 0.65 -0.16 0.56 4.51 94 12.12 107 83 60 0 3 4 1ROANOKE 64 38 73 27 51 -1 0.52 -0.31 0.52 2.33 51 10.85 100 68 48 0 3 1 1WASH/DULLES 60 34 70 27 47 -1 0.36 -0.40 0.35 4.88 116 12.34 123 77 46 0 4 2 0

WA OLYMPIA 62 39 69 31 50 5 0.63 -0.39 0.30 2.03 33 12.07 61 94 66 0 2 4 0QUILLAYUTE 59 41 65 35 50 5 2.51 0.47 1.02 4.03 32 25.10 65 95 71 0 0 5 3SEATTLE-TACOMA 63 47 70 43 55 7 0.54 -0.19 0.36 1.92 44 10.37 76 78 56 0 0 4 0SPOKANE 57 39 63 34 48 5 0.37 0.08 0.22 1.05 59 5.20 102 81 46 0 0 4 0YAKIMA 64 40 67 30 52 6 0.27 0.13 0.15 0.90 110 4.73 170 75 48 0 1 2 0

WV BECKLEY 60 35 71 19 48 1 0.23 -0.52 0.22 2.59 61 14.05 134 75 51 0 2 2 0CHARLESTON 64 38 75 24 51 1 0.06 -0.70 0.05 1.58 35 10.71 97 85 31 0 3 2 0ELKINS 60 31 69 22 46 1 0.16 -0.64 0.14 2.08 45 9.80 87 80 57 0 5 2 0HUNTINGTON 62 38 75 24 50 -1 0.09 -0.67 0.09 2.18 49 11.36 105 76 33 0 3 1 0

WI EAU CLAIRE 47 28 52 21 38 0 0.11 -0.48 0.08 0.85 36 5.65 134 86 49 0 5 3 0GREEN BAY 47 31 52 24 39 1 0.16 -0.43 0.10 1.83 71 6.88 144 83 57 0 4 3 0LA CROSSE 55 35 71 24 45 3 0.11 -0.57 0.08 1.89 73 7.09 149 76 38 0 2 3 0MADISON 52 33 64 22 43 3 0.05 -0.67 0.05 0.98 34 7.08 130 79 54 0 3 1 0MILWAUKEE 50 34 58 24 42 2 0.02 -0.80 0.02 1.67 51 7.45 110 71 50 0 2 1 0

WY CASPER 55 31 65 22 43 4 0.07 -0.14 0.07 4.10 376 5.08 220 88 54 0 3 1 0CHEYENNE 55 31 65 20 43 5 0.15 -0.11 0.08 1.35 105 2.20 101 81 41 0 3 2 0LANDER 54 30 65 18 42 2 0.10 -0.26 0.10 1.38 89 2.64 101 78 36 0 3 1 0SHERIDAN 60 28 69 21 44 4 0.01 -0.30 0.01 0.47 37 1.88 72 86 43 0 6 1 0


Weather Data for the Week Ending April 6, 2019

STATES AND

STATIONS

TEMP. ˚F PRECIP




March Weather and Crop Summary

Weather Weather summary provided by USDA/WAOB

Highlights: Historic flooding engulfed parts of the middle Missouri Valley, following a mid-March storm that maximized runoff due to rapidly melting snow and heavy rain falling on still-frozen soils. The storm also blasted areas from eastern Colorado into parts of the Dakotas with blizzard conditions, greatly stressing livestock. Mostly tranquil weather trailed the powerhouse storm, allowing recovery efforts to begin. Prior to the storm’s arrival, winter-like cold gripped most of the country. In fact, record-setting low temperatures blanketed the northern Plains and upper Midwest, while frigid conditions also persisted in the Northwest. Periods of warmth developed in most areas as the month progressed, but March temperatures averaged at least 10°F below normal across portions of the northern Plains. Above-normal monthly temperatures were mostly limited to the lower Southeast and parts of the Southwest. However, the Southeast also experienced a sharp cold spell in early March, following a warm February, leading to mostly minor fruit losses. Much of the Deep South noted drier-than-normal weather, favoring spring planting efforts. March precipitation was also lacking from the Pacific Northwest to the northernmost Rockies, leading to water-supply concerns in the northern Cascades and neighboring areas. However, large sections of the West—especially from the Sierra Nevada to the central Rockies—continued to benefit from widespread precipitation and favorable runoff prospects. By late March, the California Department of Water Resources reported that the average water equivalency of the Sierra Nevada snowpack stood at 45 inches, approximately 160 percent of the normal peak value. Farther east, drier-than-normal March weather covered large sections of the eastern U.S., allowing previously wet fields to begin drying out in preparation for spring planting. Elsewhere, many rivers across the northern Plains and upper Midwest experienced significant rises in late March, as an extensive snow cover began to melt. However, mostly dry weather prevailed across the northern U.S. late in the month, leading to an orderly start to the melt season. Historical Perspective: According to preliminary data provided by the National Centers for Environmental Information, the contiguous U.S. experienced its 44th-coolest, 34th-driest March during the 125-year period of record. The nation’s monthly average temperature of 40.7°F was 0.8°F below the 20th century mean, while precipitation averaged 2.20 inches—88 percent of normal.

Monthly temperatures were close to normal in most states, but trended toward the “cold” side of the distribution in some Central and Northwestern States. Consistent warmth was limited to the Southwest. State temperature rankings ranged from the 26th-coldest March in South Dakota to the 33rd-warmest March in New Mexico (figure 1). Meanwhile, drier-than-normal conditions were prominent across the South, East, and Northwest, while March wetness dominated the central Plains and the Intermountain West. State precipitation rankings ranged from the second-driest March in Montana to the third-wettest March in Utah (figure 2). Washington reported its fourth-driest March, while top-ten rankings for March wetness affected Colorado, Nebraska, and Nevada. Figure 1 Figure 2 Summary: Early in the month, widespread storminess preceded a late-season blast of bitterly cold weather. Precipitation rapidly spread eastward across the country, starting in California. Record-setting rainfall amounts for March 2 totaled 1.54 inches in Santa Barbara and 0.92 inch in Modesto. Grand Junction, CO, also reported a daily-

10 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin April 9, 2019 record total (0.64 inch) for March 2, while North Platte, NE, measured a daily-record snowfall (6.0 inches). By March 3, the nation’s first major severe weather outbreak of the year included a deadly tornado, with 23 fatalities reported in Lee County, AL. In fact, severe thunderstorms spawned several dozen tornadoes across Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, and northern Florida. The fatal tornado touched down in Macon County, Alabama, and later crossed Lee County, as well as Muscogee, Harris, and Talbot Counties in Georgia. The EF-4 tornado’s five-county rampage spanned 68.8 miles in 76 minutes, with a maximum width of nearly a mile (1,600 yards). Farther north, snow fell in some areas from the central Plains into the mid-Atlantic. Record-setting snowfall totals for March 3 included 3.2 inches in Dodge City, KS, and 2.2 inches in Columbia, MO. On March 4, record-setting Northeastern snowfall amounts reached 6.0 inches in Bridgeport, CT, and 2.3 inches at New York’s LaGuardia Airport. Meanwhile, some of the coldest March weather on record gripped parts of the northern U.S. In the Northwest, sub-zero, daily-record lows on March 1 included -4°F in Missoula, MT, and -1°F in Spokane, WA. In Montana, consecutive daily-record lows were set on March 2-3 in Miles City (-28 and -31°F) and Turner (-33 and 26°F). Lewistown, MT, reported a low of -34°F on March 3, shattering its monthly record of -28°F that had been set most recently on March 6, 7, and 8, 1951. With a low of -32°F on March 3, Great Falls, MT, tied a monthly record originally set on March 10, 1932. In Washington, Pullman set consecutive monthly records with lows of -5 and -9°F, respectively, on March 3-4. Previously, Pullman’s lowest March reading had been -4°F on March 4, 1955. Elsewhere in Washington, Wenatchee (4°F on March 4) edged its monthly record of 6°F, first established on March 4, 1960. In Nebraska on the 4th, North Platte’s low of -25°F also set a monthly record (previously, -22°F on March 3, 1960 and 2002). On March 4, sub-zero temperatures pushed as far south as Kansas, where daily-record lows included -10°F in Hill City; 9°F in Russell; and -3°F in Salina. Those Kansas communities again noted daily-record lows on March 5, with respective lows of -1, -5, and -1°F. With a minimum temperature of 20°F on March 5, Waco, TX, experienced its lowest reading of the winter of 2018-19. A day later, record-setting lows for March 6 plunged to 11°F in Joplin, MO; 12°F in Fayetteville, AR; and 23°F in Jackson, MS. From March 5-7, freezes reached deep into the South, threatening blooming fruits and other sensitive crops that may have been unusually vulnerable to spring frost due to February warmth. In contrast, a surge of warmth into southern Texas on March 9 led to a daily-record high of 96°F in McAllen, TX. On March 6, a new round of heavy precipitation arrived in southern California, resulting in daily-record totals in locations such as downtown Los Angeles (1.25 inches) and

Lancaster (0.75 inch). Farther inland, daily precipitation records were also set on March 9 in Desert Rock, NV (1.18 inches); Death Valley, CA (0.84 inch); and Cedar City, UT (0.70 inch). Enough cold air persisted in the Northwest to result in periods of snow. Daily-record snowfall totals included 0.5 inch (on March 6) in Portland, OR; 1.0 inch (on March 7) in Lewiston, ID; and 1.6 inches (on March 8) in Pocatello, ID. Farther east, another severe weather outbreak produced more than a dozen tornadoes on March 9 across a six-state area from northeastern Texas to northern Alabama. Daily-record rainfall totals for March 9 included 1.74 inches in Peoria, IL; 1.41 inches in Crossville, TN; and 1.09 inches in Columbia, MO. On the same date, record-setting snowfall totals reached 9.5 inches in Bismarck, ND, and 9.3 inches in Aberdeen, SD. Elsewhere in South Dakota on the 9th, wind gusts were clocked to 41 mph in Sisseton and Mobridge, while snowfall totaled 9.0 and 8.9 inches, respectively. A few days later, a powerful storm system emerged from the Southwest on March 13. On that date, blizzard conditions engulfed the central High Plains, later spreading into portions of the Dakotas. Meanwhile melting snow and heavy rain falling on still-frozen soils contributed to major flooding in the western Corn Belt, and record flooding developed by March 14 in the middle Missouri Valley. In Sioux Falls, SD, crest records from June 1957 were broken on March 14 along Skunk Creek (6.57 feet above flood stage) and the Big Sioux River (8.94 feet above flood stage). Crest records were also broken on March 14 at Iowa gauge sites such as the Little Sioux River at Cherokee (11.40 feet above flood stage); the Ocheyedan River near Spencer (6.75 feet above flood stage); and the Boyer River near Logan (4.46 feet above flood stage). Previous records had been set in May 2013, June 1953, and March 1965, respectively. In Nebraska, crest records were established along portions of the Niobrara, Elkhorn, Loup, and Platte Rivers, as well as numerous tributaries. In Waterloo, NE, the Elkhorn River crested 10.63 feet above flood stage on March 16, exceeding the March 1962 record by 5.51 feet. On the Platte River in Nebraska, crest records (4.36 to 4.75 feet above flood stage) were set on March 15-16 from Leshara downstream to Louisville. On March 16, the Missouri River crest passed Plattsmouth, Nebraska City, and Brownville, NE, ranging from 11.73 to 14.62 feet above flood stage and eclipsing June 2011 high-water marks. Record flooding occurred as far east as southern Wisconsin, where the Pecatonica River at Martintown edged a July 1990 standard by cresting 8.91 feet above flood stage on March 16. The mid-month storm had earlier crossed the West, where Ely, NV, received 9.0 inches of snow from March 10-12. From March 11-13, Alamosa, CO, netted precipitation totaling 0.86 inch, including 5.0 inches of snow. On March 13, rapidly deteriorating conditions on the central High

April 9, 2019 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 11 Plains featured high winds and heavy snow. In Colorado, hurricane-force wind gusts were clocked on March 13 in locations such as Colorado Springs (96 mph), La Junta (88 mph), Lamar (82 mph), Denver (80 mph), and Pueblo (78 mph). In the history of the Denver International Airport (DIA), which opened in the mid-1990s, this was the second-highest wind speed, behind a thunderstorm-induced gust of 97 mph on June 18, 2013. DIA also set a station barometric low-pressure record of 979.0 millibars, previously set with 979.9 millibars on February 25, 1998. Elsewhere in Colorado, a pressure of 970.4 millibars was recorded in Lamar. Denver measured 7.1 inches of snow on March 13, but higher totals were observed on the same date in Wyoming and western Nebraska. Daily-record snowfall included 14.0 inches in Cheyenne, WY, and 12.0 inches in Scottsbluff, NE. Casper, WY, recorded 13.6 inches on 13th, marking its second-snowiest March day behind 14.6 inches on March 18, 1954. Elsewhere on the 13th, daily-record precipitation totals approached 2 inches in locations such as Sioux Falls, SD (1.91 inches); Mitchell, SD (1.82 inches); and Grand Island, NE (1.73 inches). For Grand Island, it was the second-wettest March day on record, behind 1.98 inches on March 21, 1979. Heavy precipitation persisted in parts of the Midwest through March 14, when daily-record totals reached 2.74 inches in Evansville, IN, and 1.53 inches in Muskegon, MI. Before and during the storm’s pummeling of the nation’s mid-section, persistently chilly weather in the Northwest led to several daily-record lows. In fact, consecutive daily-record lows were set on March 10-11 in Washington locations such as Yakima (4 and 7°F) and Wenatchee (13 and 18°F). In Oregon, Meacham posted a daily-record low of -2°F on March 10. Farther south, however, warmth developed in coastal southern California. Downtown Los Angeles’ 41-day streak (January 30 – March 11) with maximum temperatures below 70°F ended on March 12 with a high of 71°F. It was the longest such streak in that location since 1936-37, when there were 55 consecutive days (December 24 – February 16) with highs below 70°F. Later, downtown Los Angeles achieved a high of 81°F on March 16, ending a 120-day streak (November 16 – March 15) with highs below the 80-degree mark. Los Angeles had not experienced a longer stretch of sub-80-degree weather in a century; there had been a 132-day streak from December 4, 1918 – April 14, 1919. Farther east, a surge of warmth in advance of a cold front resulted in several daily-record highs. McAllen, TX, logged a daily-record high of 99°F on March 13. In West Virginia, record-setting highs for March 14 soared to 81°F in Clarksburg and 80°F in Morgantown. Meridian, MS, also posted a daily-record high (86°F) for March 14. The following day, Northeastern daily-record highs for March 15 reached 74°F in Trenton, NJ, and 72°F in Albany, NY.

During the second half of the month, warmth finally overspread the Pacific Northwest. In western Washington, Hoquiam (71, 75, 79, and 79°F) and Quillayute (69, 74, 81, and 79°F) posted four consecutive daily-record highs from March 17-20. In addition, monthly records were set in both locations. Previously, Hoquiam’s record had been 77°F on March 27, 1994, while Quillayute’s record had been 73°F on March 30, 2013. Seattle, WA, also registered a March record with highs of 79°F on March 19 and 20 (previously, 78°F on March 29, 2004. Salem, OR, logged a trio of daily-record highs (76, 77, and 75°F) from March 18-20. Elsewhere in Oregon, Eugene’s high of 77°F on the 18th represented its highest March reading since March 30, 2003, when the temperature reached 78°F. Warmth also prevailed in southern California, where Camarillo notched a daily-record high of 86°F on March 17. Farther inland, pockets of cold air remained trapped across the Intermountain West, where Big Piney, WY, registered a daily-record low of -1°F on March 20. Chilly weather in the East failed to set any record lows, although widespread freezes reached into northern sections of Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina, mainly on March 19-20. Amid an otherwise drier-than-normal pattern, some precipitation fell across the Deep South and along the Atlantic Seaboard. In McAllen, TX, measurable rain fell each day from March 15-20, totaling 0.90 inch. Farther east, southern Florida reported rain on March 19, when Key West reported a daily-record sum of 1.60 inches. Two days later, a developing coastal storm produced heavy rain in the mid-Atlantic. Record-setting rainfall totals in Virginia for March 21 included 2.69 inches at Dulles Airport and 1.88 inches in Lynchburg. On the 21st in Pennsylvania, totals of 1.41 inches in Reading and 1.34 inches in Mt. Pocono were records for the date. On March 22-23, snow blanketed portions of the Northeast, where totals included 6.7 inches in Burlington, VT; 3.1 inches in Syracuse, NY; 3.0 inches in Worcester, MA; and 1.0 inch in Scranton, PA. Some 1- to 2-foot snowfall amounts occurred in the mountains of northern New England. Mt. Washington, NH, New England’s highest peak, received 18.8 inches of snow on March 22-23. Meanwhile, mild, mostly sunny weather melted snow across the northern Plains and the Northwest. In Washington, Spokane’s snow depth decreased to a trace on March 23, down from 16 inches just 10 days earlier. During the same 10-day period, the snow depth in Helena, MT, decreased from 16 to 8 inches. Helen’s snow depth decreased to a trace by March 31. Farther south, however, another round of precipitation spread eastward from California. In Nevada, daily-record precipitation totals reached 0.86 inch (on March 21) in Ely and 0.56 inch (on March 23) in Tonopah. Ely’s monthly precipitation totaled 3.35 inches (360 percent of normal), marking the wettest March in that location since 1894.

12 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin April 9, 2019 Near-normal temperatures prevailed nearly nationwide in late March. However, lingering cool conditions in the northern Rockies capped the coldest March on record in Montana locations such as Bozeman, with a monthly average temperature of 17.5°F (16.6°F below normal), and Dillon, with an average of 22.3°F (12.0°F below normal). Previous records had been 18.0°F (in 1969) in Bozeman and 23.0°F (in 1952) in Dillon. Meanwhile, a late-month surge of warmth across the south-central U.S. resulted in a few daily-record highs, including 69°F on March 27 in Alamosa, CO. During the last week of March, daily precipitation records in the West included 0.57 inch (on March 27) in Stanley, ID, and 0.65 inch (on March 28) in Stanford, MT. Stanford also received 6.2 inches of snow on March 28-29. During the same 2-day period, Salt Lake City, UT, reported 4.6 inches of snow and precipitation totaling 1.60 inches. On March 29, North Platte, NE, noted impressive precipitation and snowfall totals of 1.03 and 8.1 inches, respectively. Toward month’s end, showers and thunderstorms swept across the southern and eastern Corn Belt. In Ohio, record-setting rainfall totals for March 30 reached 2.00 inches in Cincinnati and 1.97 inches in Columbus. Elsewhere, significant rain fell in parts of southern Texas on March 26 and 31. Harlingen, TX, reported daily-record amounts on both days, totaling 1.02 and 1.76 inches, respectively. In contrast, Quillayute, WA, completed its driest March on record, with a total of 1.51 inches (previously, 1.84 inches in 1992). Stunning warmth again covered Alaska in March, following a February that featured a statewide average temperature nearly 10°F above the 1925-2000 mean. Above-normal temperatures blanketed the mainland for nearly the entire month, while southeastern Alaska experienced a transition from cold, dry conditions to warm weather with occasional precipitation. As often occurs when Alaska is mild during the cold season, March precipitation fell frequently. For example, Nome reported at least a trace of snow on each of the first 17 days of March, totaling 15.8 inches. Nome’s snow depth peaked at 60 inches on March 17 and 18, but decreased to 41 inches by month’s end. Meanwhile, McGrath received 7.1 inches of snow from March 5-9. Later, daily-record snowfall totals for March 18 included 3.4 inches in Utqiagvik (Barrow) and 2.8 inches in McGrath. Meanwhile in southeastern Alaska, the bulk of the month’s precipitation fell from March 9-18. During that 10-day period, Yakutat received 9.04 inches of its 9.54-inch March total. Late in the month, a remarkable Alaskan warm spell resulted in dozens of daily-record highs. On March 22, daily-record highs reached 49°F in Anchorage and 40°F in Nome. Kotzebue posted consecutive daily-record highs (36 and 37°F, respectively) on March 23-24. In southeastern Alaska, Juneau tallied a trio of daily-record highs (52, 59, 59°F) from March 17-19. Sitka achieved monthly record highs of 62 and 67°F, respectively on March 18-19; the

previous record of 61°F had been set on March 22, 1998. Yakutat (60°F on March 19) also broke a monthly record most recently set on March 22, 1998. Later, Anchorage posted daily-record highs (48, 50, 49, and 50°F) on March 25, 27, 29, and 30. Similarly, Juneau closed March with seven consecutive daily-record highs (51, 57, 55, 57, 53, 54, and 59°F), starting on the 25th. During the last 14 days of March, rainfall in southeastern Alaska totaled just 0.03 inch in Juneau, 0.16 inch in Sitka, and 0.23 inch in Ketchikan. Alaskan warmth also resulted in sharp reductions in snow depth. Kotzebue, which reported a trio of daily-record highs of 37°F from March 24-26, experienced a decrease in snow depth from 42 to 27 inches during the last 10 days of the month. Following a stormy February, dryness returned across Hawaii during March. In fact, March rainfall at the state’s major airport observation sites ranged from 0.08 inches (4 percent of normal) in Honolulu, Oahu, to 4.67 inches (35 percent) in Hilo, on the Big Island. In addition, periods of Hawaiian warmth developed as the month progressed, with Honolulu reporting a daily-record high of 85°F on March 22.

Fieldwork Fieldwork summary provided by USDA/NASS

Wet conditions continued for another month over parts of California, Nevada, the southern Rockies, and much of the Corn Belt. Conversely, the Northeast, Southeast, and Pacific Northwest remained relatively dry throughout the month. Meanwhile, March was cooler than average for much of the nation. In parts of the Pacific Northwest, northern Rockies, and the northern Plains, temperatures were at least 9°F below normal. Temperatures were slightly higher than average in parts of Arizona, Florida, and New Mexico, averaging 3°F or more above normal. On March 31, fifty-six percent of the 2019 winter wheat acreage was reported in good to excellent condition, compared with 32 percent at the same time last year. Fifty percent of the winter wheat acreage in Kansas was rated in good to excellent condition on March 3, rising to 55 percent on March 31. In Texas, 48 percent of the acreage was rated in good to excellent condition on March 3, declining during the month to 41 percent on March 31. In Arizona and Texas, 17 and 28 percent, respectively, of rangeland and pastures were rated in very poor to poor condition on March 3. By March 31, conditions had improved with 10 and 19 percent of the acreage, respectively, rated very poor to poor.

(Continued on back cover)


15

8 4

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AL BIRMINGHAM 55 0 2.85 -3.25 LEXINGTON 43 -3 2.87 -1.54 COLUMBUS 38 -4 5.33 2.44

HUNTSVILLE 51 -1 3.86 -2.82 LONDON-CORBIN 44 -3 2.50 -2.11 DAYTON 38 -2 3.79 0.50

MOBILE 60 0 1.62 -5.58 LOUISVILLE 45 -2 3.74 -0.67 MANSFIELD 34 -3 3.78 0.42

MONTGOMERY 58 0 3.85 -2.54 PADUCAH 45 -3 6.64 2.37 TOLEDO 35 -2 3.53 0.91

AK ANCHORAGE 36 10 0.06 -0.59 LA BATON ROUGE 61 1 1.16 -3.91 YOUNGSTOWN 35 -2 4.01 0.96

BARROW 6 20 0.68 0.59 LAKE CHARLES 62 1 0.70 -2.84 OK OKLAHOMA CITY 47 -4 2.70 -0.20

COLD BAY 35 5 4.62 2.14 NEW ORLEANS 63 1 1.67 -3.57 TULSA 48 -3 3.77 0.20

FAIRBANKS 28 17 0.45 0.17 SHREVEPORT 56 -2 2.34 -1.84 OR ASTORIA 45 -1 2.46 -4.91

JUNEAU 38 4 2.19 -1.32 ME BANGOR 28 -3 2.74 -0.70 BURNS 37 0 1.28 0.04

KING SALMON 36 12 1.47 0.68 CARIBOU 23 -2 2.02 -0.55 EUGENE 45 -1 1.09 -4.71

KODIAK 39 6 7.00 1.78 PORTLAND 32 -2 2.69 -1.45 MEDFORD 47 0 0.94 -0.91

NOME 24 15 1.80 1.20 MD BALTIMORE 43 -1 4.14 0.21 PENDLETON 35 -10 1.23 -0.03

AZ FLAGSTAFF 37 0 2.59 -0.03 MA BOSTON 39 0 2.95 -0.90 PORTLAND 47 0 1.54 -2.17

PHOENIX 65 2 0.30 -0.77 WORCESTER 33 -1 3.29 -0.94 SALEM 46 -1 1.67 -2.50

TUCSON 62 3 0.62 -0.19 MI ALPENA 26 -2 1.84 -0.29 PA ALLENTOWN 39 0 3.89 0.33

AR FORT SMITH 50 -3 2.86 -1.08 DETROIT 34 -3 2.46 -0.06 ERIE 33 -4 3.49 0.36

LITTLE ROCK 50 -3 3.32 -1.56 FLINT 32 -2 2.83 0.61 MIDDLETOWN 40 -1 4.77 1.49

CA BAKERSFIELD 57 0 2.01 0.60 GRAND RAPIDS 32 -3 2.93 0.34 PHILADELPHIA 43 0 4.85 1.04

EUREKA 49 0 4.79 -0.76 HOUGHTON LAKE 25 -4 2.02 -0.03 PITTSBURGH 37 -3 2.36 -0.81

FRESNO 57 1 1.26 -0.94 LANSING 32 -2 2.86 0.53 WILKES-BARRE 36 -2 2.75 0.06

LOS ANGELES 59 1 2.09 -0.31 MUSKEGON 32 -2 3.89 1.53 WILLIAMSPORT 37 -1 2.13 -1.08

REDDING 53 0 9.33 4.18 TRAVERSE CITY 29 -2 2.29 0.31 PR SAN JUAN 79 1 1.03 -1.11

SACRAMENTO 54 -1 3.76 0.96 MN DULUTH 25 0 1.49 -0.20 RI PROVIDENCE 37 -2 3.38 -1.05

SAN DIEGO 60 0 1.23 -1.03 INT'L FALLS 21 -3 1.01 0.05 SC CHARLESTON 58 0 0.69 -3.31

SAN FRANCISCO 55 1 4.46 1.20 MINNEAPOLIS 29 -3 2.30 0.44 COLUMBIA 55 0 2.61 -1.98

STOCKTON 55 0 2.43 0.15 ROCHESTER 26 -5 1.97 0.09 FLORENCE 55 -1 2.53 -1.47

CO ALAMOSA 36 3 1.42 0.96 ST. CLOUD 24 -4 2.02 0.52 GREENVILLE 51 -1 2.87 -2.44

CO SPRINGS 37 -1 1.22 0.16 MS JACKSON 56 -1 3.88 -1.86 MYRTLE BEACH 56 1 1.43 -2.36

DENVER 35 -3 1.39 0.50 MERIDIAN 57 0 2.99 -3.94 SD ABERDEEN 21 -10 1.83 0.49

GRAND JUNCTION 44 1 2.29 1.29 TUPELO 51 -2 2.69 -3.61 HURON 25 -8 2.59 0.92

PUEBLO 41 -1 1.35 0.38 MO COLUMBIA 42 -2 4.93 1.72 RAPID CITY 28 -7 2.06 1.03

CT BRIDGEPORT 38 -2 3.42 -0.73 JOPLIN 44 -4 3.04 -0.58 SIOUX FALLS 30 -3 3.64 1.83

HARTFORD 37 -1 3.07 -0.81 KANSAS CITY 40 -4 3.29 0.85 TN BRISTOL 45 -2 3.69 -0.22

DC WASHINGTON 47 0 4.00 0.40 SPRINGFIELD 43 -3 3.36 -0.46 CHATTANOOGA 51 0 5.97 -0.22

DE WILMINGTON 42 -1 4.14 0.17 ST JOSEPH 37 -7 3.91 1.55 JACKSON 47 -4 3.36 -1.77

FL DAYTONA BEACH 66 1 0.88 -2.96 ST LOUIS 42 -4 5.63 2.03 KNOXVILLE 49 -1 4.05 -1.12

FT LAUDERDALE 74 3 2.50 -0.30 MT BILLINGS 29 -8 0.47 -0.65 MEMPHIS 51 -2 4.12 -1.46

FT MYERS 71 1 0.89 -1.85 BUTTE 21 -9 0.71 -0.12 NASHVILLE 49 -1 3.59 -1.28

JACKSONVILLE 62 0 2.04 -1.89 GLASGOW 23 -8 0.19 -0.28 TX ABILENE 54 -2 1.29 -0.12

KEY WEST 76 2 1.80 -0.06 GREAT FALLS 24 -9 0.56 -0.45 AMARILLO 46 -2 2.10 0.97

MELBOURNE 68 2 3.07 0.15 HELENA 21 -14 1.00 0.37 AUSTIN 58 -4 0.48 -1.66

MIAMI 74 2 1.91 -0.65 KALISPELL 27 -8 0.50 -0.61 BEAUMONT 63 1 0.81 -2.94

ORLANDO 68 1 0.56 -2.98 MILES CITY 25 -10 0.23 -0.35 BROWNSVILLE 69 0 2.22 1.29

PENSACOLA 61 0 1.54 -4.86 MISSOULA 28 -10 0.55 -0.41 COLLEGE STATION 60 -2 1.25 -1.59

ST PETERSBURG 68 1 1.02 -2.27 NE GRAND ISLAND 34 -4 5.67 3.63 CORPUS CHRISTI 65 -1 1.52 -0.21

TALLAHASSEE 61 0 2.99 -3.48 HASTINGS 35 -4 3.95 1.87 DALLAS/FT WORTH 55 -2 2.01 -1.05

TAMPA 69 2 1.87 -0.97 LINCOLN 35 -4 2.85 0.64 DEL RIO 62 -2 0.41 -0.55

WEST PALM BEACH 72 1 2.90 -0.78 MCCOOK 36 -4 2.02 0.61 EL PASO 59 2 0.25 -0.01

GA ATHENS 53 0 2.08 -2.91 NORFOLK 32 -5 4.98 3.01 GALVESTON 63 -1 1.53 -1.23

ATLANTA 55 1 2.17 -3.21 NORTH PLATTE 32 -6 2.98 1.74 HOUSTON 62 0 0.50 -2.86

AUGUSTA 57 1 2.23 -2.38 OMAHA/EPPLEY 35 -4 3.08 0.95 LUBBOCK 49 -2 1.13 0.37

COLUMBUS 58 0 2.46 -3.29 SCOTTSBLUFF 32 -5 3.61 2.45 MIDLAND 54 -2 0.80 0.38

MACON 56 0 1.52 -3.37 VALENTINE 30 -5 3.14 2.03 SAN ANGELO 55 -2 0.66 -0.33

SAVANNAH 60 1 1.70 -1.94 NV ELKO 38 -1 1.90 0.92 SAN ANTONIO 60 -2 0.46 -1.43

HI HILO 71 -1 4.67 -9.68 ELY 35 -1 3.35 2.30 VICTORIA 63 -1 0.45 -1.80

HONOLULU 74 0 0.08 -1.81 LAS VEGAS 60 2 0.36 -0.23 WACO 55 -3 1.39 -1.09

KAHULUI 74 1 0.58 -1.77 RENO 45 2 1.12 0.26 WICHITA FALLS 50 -4 2.57 0.30

LIHUE 72 -1 1.11 -2.47 WINNEMUCCA 41 0 1.34 0.48 UT SALT LAKE CITY 43 0 3.96 2.05

ID BOISE 43 -1 1.31 -0.10 NH CONCORD 31 -2 1.73 -1.31 VT BURLINGTON 31 0 2.31 -0.01

LEWISTON 38 -7 0.89 -0.23 NJ ATLANTIC CITY 41 -1 3.93 -0.13 VA LYNCHBURG 44 -2 3.55 -0.28

POCATELLO 36 -2 1.24 -0.14 NEWARK 41 -1 4.19 -0.02 NORFOLK 50 1 2.43 -1.65

IL CHICAGO/O'HARE 34 -3 2.08 -0.57 NM ALBUQUERQUE 50 2 0.73 0.12 RICHMOND 47 -1 3.86 -0.23

MOLINE 37 -2 2.13 -0.79 NY ALBANY 35 0 1.95 -1.15 ROANOKE 46 -1 1.82 -2.02

PEORIA 37 -3 4.34 1.51 BINGHAMTON 31 -2 1.96 -1.01 WASH/DULLES 43 0 4.55 1.00

ROCKFORD 34 -2 2.08 -0.31 BUFFALO 32 -2 2.73 -0.26 WA OLYMPIA 43 -1 1.39 -3.90

SPRINGFIELD 38 -4 4.60 1.45 ROCHESTER 33 -1 1.72 -0.86 QUILLAYUTE 44 0 1.51 -9.47

IN EVANSVILLE 42 -4 7.27 2.98 SYRACUSE 32 -2 2.00 -1.02 SEATTLE-TACOMA 48 2 1.37 -2.38

FORT WAYNE 36 -2 3.95 1.09 NC ASHEVILLE 47 1 2.63 -1.96 SPOKANE 35 -5 0.71 -0.82

INDIANAPOLIS 38 -4 5.02 1.58 CHARLOTTE 51 -2 3.13 -1.26 YAKIMA 36 -6 0.61 -0.09

SOUTH BEND 33 -5 3.44 0.55 GREENSBORO 48 -1 3.19 -0.66 WV BECKLEY 40 -2 2.63 -1.00

IA BURLINGTON 37 -3 3.37 0.41 HATTERAS 53 1 3.90 -1.05 CHARLESTON 44 -1 1.95 -1.95

CEDAR RAPIDS 32 -5 1.64 -0.59 RALEIGH 49 -2 3.17 -0.86 ELKINS 39 -1 2.13 -1.79

DES MOINES 34 -4 2.49 0.28 WILMINGTON 54 -1 3.10 -1.12 HUNTINGTON 44 -2 2.06 -1.77

DUBUQUE 31 -4 1.69 -0.88 ND BISMARCK 23 -7 1.09 0.24 WI EAU CLAIRE 25 -6 1.86 0.00

SIOUX CITY 32 -5 2.89 0.89 DICKINSON 23 -7 0.37 -0.32 GREEN BAY 29 -2 1.75 -0.31

WATERLOO 31 -4 1.85 -0.28 FARGO 20 -7 1.58 0.41 LA CROSSE 30 -5 1.81 -0.19

KS CONCORDIA 38 -4 2.33 -0.02 GRAND FORKS 17 -9 1.21 0.32 MADISON 31 -3 1.22 -1.06

DODGE CITY 40 -4 1.33 -0.51 JAMESTOWN 20 -8 1.53 0.64 MILWAUKEE 33 -2 1.64 -0.95

GOODLAND 35 -5 1.16 -0.04 MINOT 25 -3 0.03 -1.02 WAUSAU 25 -5 1.95 0.03

HILL CITY 37 -2 1.48 -0.06 WILLISTON 24 -5 0.01 -0.73 WY CASPER 30 -5 1.74 0.84

TOPEKA 41 -3 2.72 0.16 OH AKRON-CANTON 36 -2 3.48 0.33 CHEYENNE 31 -3 3.38 2.33

WICHITA 44 -2 2.47 -0.24 CINCINNATI 41 -3 6.12 2.22 LANDER 31 -4 1.98 0.74

KY JACKSON 44 -3 2.40 -1.98 CLEVELAND 36 -2 3.09 0.15 SHERIDAN 29 -6 0.64 -0.36


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Data Provided by Climate Prediction Center TEMP, ˚F

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National Agricultural Summary April 1 – 7, 2019

Weekly National Agricultural Summary provided by USDA/NASS

HIGHLIGHTS

During the week ending April 7, the Carolinas, Delta, and parts of the western Corn Belt experienced substantial precipitation, with some areas receiving 3 inches or more. There was little precipitation in the Southwest, where some drought

lingers. Temperatures were as much as 5°F below normal for parts of the South and East, with exception of Florida and the Northeast. In portions of the Pacific Northwest and northern Rocky Mountains, temperatures were 10°F above normal.

Corn: By April 7, producers had planted 2 percent of the nation’s corn crop, equal to both last year and the 5-year average. Texas had the highest percentage of its acreage seeded by far, with 53 percent planted. The State with the next highest percentage planted was Tennessee, with 8 percent. Winter Wheat: By April 7, three percent of the nation’s winter wheat had reached the headed stage, equal to last year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. On April 7, sixty percent of the 2019 winter wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition, an increase of 4 percentage points from the previous week and 30 percentage points above last year. In Kansas, the largest winter wheat-producing state, 58 percent of the winter wheat crop was rated in good to excellent condition, up 3 percentage points from the previous week. In Texas, where some areas have been dry, 47 percent of the winter wheat crop was rated good to excellent, an increase of 6 percentage points from the previous week. Cotton: Nationwide, 6 percent of the cotton was planted by April 7, one percentage point behind the previous year but a point ahead of the 5-year average. Progress was ahead of normal in Texas, with 9 percent of the acreage planted, compared to the 5-year average of 8 percent. The state reporting the most acreage planted was Arizona, with 29 percent, 4 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. Sorghum: Fourteen percent of the nation’s sorghum was planted by April 7, two percentage points behind the previous year but equal to the 5-year average. Texas had planted 47 percent of its sorghum acreage by April 7, six percentage points behind last year but 6 points ahead of the 5-year average.

Rice: By April 7, producers had seeded 19 percent of the 2019 rice crop, 1 percentage point behind the previous year and 2 points behind the 5-year average. Louisiana and Texas had the largest percentages of acreage planted, 70 and 38 percent, respectively. By April 7, seven percent of the nation’s rice acreage was emerged, 3 percentage points behind last year and 1 point behind the 5-year average. Small Grains: Nationally, oat producers had seeded 27 percent of this year’s crop by April 7, equal to the previous year but 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Oat planting progress was behind the 5-year average in six of the nine estimating states, and planting had not yet begun in Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Twenty-five percent of the nation’s oat crop had emerged by April 7, equal to the previous year but 1 percentage point behind the 5-year average. Two percent of the nation’s barley was planted by April 7, one percentage point behind last year and 7 points behind the 5-year average. Planting progress was at or behind the historical pace in all estimating states. Only Idaho and Washington reported seeding during the week, with 7 and 9 percent planted, respectively, by April 7. By April 7, one percent of the spring wheat crop was seeded, 1 percentage point behind last year and 4 points behind the 5-year average. Spring wheat planting progress was behind the 5-year average pace in all six estimating states, and planting had not yet begun on the northern Plains. Other Crops: By April 7, three percent of the sugarbeet crop was planted, 2 percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average.


Crop Progress and Condition Week Ending April 7, 2019

Weekly U.S. Progress and Condition Data provided by USDA/NASS

Prev Prev Apr 7 5-Yr Prev Prev Apr 7 5-Yr Prev Prev Apr 7 5-Yr

Year Week 2019 Avg Year Week 2019 Avg Year Week 2019 Avg

CO 0 NA 0 0 AL 0 0 0 0 CO 0 0 0 0

IL 0 0 0 0 AZ 25 26 29 29 KS 0 0 0 0

IN 0 NA 0 0 AR 0 0 0 0 NE 0 0 0 0

IA 0 NA 0 0 CA 0 0 0 11 OK 1 0 0 2

KS 2 1 2 6 GA 0 0 0 0 SD 0 0 0 0

KY 0 NA 2 1 KS 0 0 0 0 TX 53 43 47 41

MI 0 NA 0 0 LA 0 0 0 0 6 Sts 16 13 14 14

MN 0 NA 0 0 MS 0 0 0 0 These 6 States planted 97%

MO 1 0 2 5 MO 0 0 0 0 of last year's sorghum acreage.

NE 0 NA 0 0 NC 0 0 0 0

NC 11 1 5 9 OK 0 0 2 0

ND 0 NA 0 0 SC 0 0 0 0 Prev Prev Apr 7 5-Yr

OH 0 NA 0 0 TN 0 0 0 0 Year Week 2019 Avg

PA 0 NA 0 0 TX 12 7 9 8 ID 7 2 18 18

SD 0 NA 0 0 VA 0 0 0 0 MI 0 0 1 0

TN 2 1 8 5 15 Sts 7 4 6 5 MN 0 NA 0 1

TX 58 51 53 51 These 15 States planted 99% ND 0 NA 0 1

WI 0 NA 0 0 of last year's cotton acreage. 4 Sts 1 NA 3 3

18 Sts 2 NA 2 2 These 4 States planted 84%

These 18 States planted 92% of last year's sugarbeet acreage.

of last year's corn acreage.

Prev Prev Apr 7 5-Yr

Prev Prev Apr 7 5-Yr Prev Prev Apr 7 5-Yr Year Week 2019 Avg

Year Week 2019 Avg Year Week 2019 Avg ID 10 2 3 26

AR 9 6 11 15 AR 1 0 0 2 MN 0 NA 0 2

CA 0 0 0 0 CA 0 0 0 0 MT 0 NA 0 3

LA 74 49 70 66 LA 47 14 40 33 ND 0 NA 0 1

MS 8 4 14 13 MS 4 0 3 2 SD 0 0 0 14

MO 0 0 5 4 MO 0 0 0 0 WA 26 2 11 28

TX 64 17 38 49 TX 40 0 9 23 6 Sts 2 NA 1 5

6 Sts 20 12 19 21 6 Sts 10 2 7 8 These 6 States planted 99%

These 6 States planted 100% These 6 States planted 100% of last year's spring wheat acreage.

of last year's rice acreage. of last year's rice acreage.


Year Week 2019 Avg

ID 13 4 7 32

MN 0 NA 0 1

MT 0 NA 0 6

ND 0 NA 0 0

WA 6 2 9 16

5 Sts 3 NA 2 9

These 5 States planted 78%

of last year's barley acreage.

Barley Percent Planted

Spring Wheat Percent Planted

Corn Percent Planted Cotton Percent Planted Sorghum Percent Planted

Sugarbeets Percent Planted

Rice Percent Planted Rice Percent Emerged





Year Week 2019 Avg VP P F G EX

AR 21 5 10 16 AR 1 8 41 44 6

CA 1 NA 10 38 CA 0 0 5 20 75

CO 0 NA 0 0 CO 0 3 27 53 17

ID 0 NA 0 0 ID 0 1 40 50 9

IL 3 NA 1 1 IL 5 8 32 50 5

IN 0 NA 0 0 IN 3 9 33 48 7

KS 0 0 0 0 KS 2 6 34 47 11

MI 0 NA 0 0 MI 9 26 40 23 2

MO 0 0 0 0 MO 2 9 49 32 8

MT 0 NA 0 0 MT 1 6 23 57 13

NE 0 NA 0 0 NE 1 4 21 66 8

NC 1 0 0 2 NC 10 13 29 43 5

OH 0 NA 0 0 OH 5 21 45 27 2

OK 1 NA 0 2 OK 1 3 20 61 15

OR 0 NA 0 0 OR 2 6 29 27 36

SD 0 NA 0 0 SD 0 2 52 44 2

TX 16 8 15 18 TX 5 14 34 39 8

WA 0 NA 0 0 WA 0 1 34 58 7

18 Sts 3 NA 3 4 18 Sts 2 7 31 48 12

These 18 States planted 90% Prev Wk 2 7 35 45 11

of last year's winter wheat acreage. Prev Yr 14 21 35 26 4

Prev Prev Apr 7 5-Yr Prev Prev Apr 7 5-Yr

Year Week 2019 Avg Year Week 2019 Avg

IA 4 0 2 15 IA 0 0 0 1

MN 0 0 0 4 MN 0 0 0 0

NE 17 0 8 30 NE 2 0 0 2

ND 0 0 0 1 ND 0 0 0 0

OH 1 1 10 4 OH 0 0 0 1

PA 0 1 14 5 PA 0 0 0 1

SD 0 0 0 11 SD 0 0 0 1

TX 100 100 100 100 TX 100 100 100 100

WI 1 0 1 2 WI 0 0 0 0

9 Sts 27 25 27 32 9 Sts 25 25 25 26

These 9 States planted 66% These 9 States planted 66%

of last year's oat acreage. of last year's oat acreage.

Oats Percent Planted Oats Percent Emerged

Winter Wheat Percent Headed Winter Wheat Condition byPercent

VP - Very Poor; P - Poor;F - Fair;

G - Good; EX - Excellent

NA - Not Available* Revised




8[+5]

5[0]

14[-5]

5[0]

1[-1]

8[-2]

13[-6]

40[-20] 34

[-7]

58[-2]

40[+11]

48[+6]

21[+1]

11[+1]

44[-6]

25[+5]

49[+11]

24[-12]

35[-12]

12[+4]

54[-3]

56[-6]

45[-3]

11[+1]

48[-4]

37[+15]

32[+7]

19[-7]

41[+17]

9[-6]

50[+13]

14[-10]

40[-9]

51[-11]

2[-1]

41[+32]

33[-10]

67[-23]

22[+18]

10[-2]

29[-5]

32[-37]

59[-9]

78[-22]

16[+11]

100[+32]

46[+5]

Topsoil MoistureThis product was prepared by theUSDA Office of the Chief Economist (OCE)World Agricultural Outlook Board (WAOB)

United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture

Data obtained from USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service weekly Crop Progressreports. These reports are available through http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/.

Top ## - Percent Surplus

[Bottom ##] - Change from Last WeekSurplus

Change from Last Week

32

-2

48 States

Percent SurplusWeek Ending - April 07, 2019

Percent90 - 10080 - 8970 - 7960 - 6950 - 5940 - 4930 - 3920 - 2910 - 19 0 - 9

42[-3]

6[-2]

0[0]

5[-10]

57[+2]

10[+4]

1[0]

5[-2]

2[0]

1[0]12

[+1]

6[0]

0[0]

10[+10] 2

[+2]

0[-1]1

[-1]

0[0]

0[0]

6[-1]

3[0]

0[0]

22[-5]

3[0]

1[+1]

17[-13]

0[0]

1[0]

2[+1]

5[+1]

1[0]

5[-9]

2[-6]

12[-10]

3[+1]

9[+6]

3[+3]

31[-3]

15[-15]

12[+9]

0[0]

0[0]

1[+1]

13[-5]

4[+4]

0[0]

0[0]

0[0]

Topsoil MoistureThis product was prepared by theUSDA Office of the Chief Economist (OCE)World Agricultural Outlook Board (WAOB)


Percent Short to Very ShortWeek Ending - April 07, 2019


Top ## - Percent Short to Very Short

[Bottom ##] - Change from Last WeekShort to Very Short


7

-1

48 States

Percent90 - 10080 - 8970 - 7960 - 6950 - 5940 - 4930 - 3920 - 2910 - 19 0 - 9




9[+2]

11[0]

1[0]

3[0]

10[-45]

6[-2]

12[-4]

28[+6]

12[0]

40[-20] 22

[-4]

52[+2]43

[+9]

21[-5]

29[-5]

32[+9]

13[+5]

10[-5]

28[-5]

7[-1]

46[-6]

54[-3]

43[-5]

36[+6]

10[-2]

39[+4]

47[+3]

16[+1]

35[+2]

32[-9]

20[-3]

45[+12]

37[-4]

51[-11]

18[-10]

2[-1]

45[+21]

71[-17]

18[+11]

17[+2]

22[-34]

43[-4]

12[-8]

90[+32]

12[-20]

100[+53]

58[+9]

Subsoil MoistureThis product was prepared by theUSDA Office of the Chief Economist (OCE)World Agricultural Outlook Board (WAOB)



Top ## - Percent Surplus

[Bottom ##] - Change from Last WeekSurplus


28

-2

48 States

Percent SurplusWeek Ending - April 07, 2019

Percent90 - 10080 - 8970 - 7960 - 6950 - 5940 - 4930 - 3920 - 2910 - 19 0 - 9

32[+1]

15[0]

14[0]

60[-5]

10[+4]

1[0]

13[-4]

4[0]

2[0]20

[+2]

5[+1]

0[0]

8[0]

10[+10] 2

[-4]

1[-3]

1[-1]

0[0]

0[0]

0[0]

19[+1]

23[-7]

2[0]

0[0]

19[+4]

1[0]

0[0]

2[0]

4[-1]

8[-4]

5[+1]

1[0]

0[-2]

4[-7]

1[-1]

6[+5]

3[+3]

16[-2]

35[+9]

9[+6]

0[0]

0[0]

0[0]

15[+2]

2[+2]

0[0]

0[0]

0[0]

Subsoil MoistureThis product was prepared by theUSDA Office of the Chief Economist (OCE)World Agricultural Outlook Board (WAOB)


Percent Short to Very ShortWeek Ending - April 07, 2019


Top ## - Percent Short to Very Short

[Bottom ##] - Change from Last WeekShort to Very Short


8

0

48 States

Percent90 - 10080 - 8970 - 7960 - 6950 - 5940 - 4930 - 3920 - 2910 - 19 0 - 9


For additional information contact: [email protected]

International Weather and Crop Summary

March 31 - April 6, 2019 International Weather and Crop Highlights and Summaries provided by USDA/WAOB

HIGHLIGHTS

EUROPE: Rain provided timely moisture for winter grains in Italy and the Iberian Peninsula, while drought remained a concern over much of southeastern Europe. WESTERN FSU: Mild, sunny weather encouraged winter wheat development, though short-term dryness has developed in Ukraine. MIDDLE EAST: Heavy to excessive rain over central portions of the region not only created a humanitarian crisis but also wiped out crops, damaged infrastructure, and resulted in loss of livestock. NORTHWESTERN AFRICA: Much-needed rain in western portions of the region stabilized yields for filling winter grains, while crop prospects remained good to excellent elsewhere. EASTERN ASIA: Rainfall in southeastern China continued to benefit early-crop rice but maintained excessively wet conditions for other crops.

SOUTHEAST ASIA: Showers in portions of Malaysia and the Philippines provided limited relief from ongoing drought. AUSTRALIA: Unfavorably dry weather returned to the east. SOUTH AFRICA: Showers brought some relief from drought, although the moisture came too late for most drought-affected summer crops. ARGENTINA: Warm, mostly dry weather spurred rapid maturation of corn and soybeans in key production areas of central Argentina. BRAZIL: Showers helped to alleviate dryness in southern corn areas, as conditions remained overall favorable farther north. MEXICO: Farmers awaited the arrival of seasonal rain to begin planting rain-fed summer corn.

Timely Rain (Spain & Italy)

WET!

Mild & Sunny (Western FSU)

Localized Drought Relief

Rain

Late-Season Showers

Warm & Dry (C Argentina)

Unfavorably Dry

(E Australia)

Rain

Rain (West)

Dry

Mostly Dry (Mexico)



Much-needed rain over southwestern Europe contrasted with intensifying dryness and drought in southeastern portions of the continent. Widespread showers (5-60 mm) across the Iberian Peninsula eased drought concerns and improved soil moisture for vegetative to heading winter grains. Farther east, moderate to heavy rain (25-100 mm) in Italy alleviated drought and improved prospects for vegetative to reproductive winter crops. Conversely, dryness continued to intensify in Hungary and the Balkans, with 60-day rainfall

tallying a mere 10 to 50 percent of normal. Longer-term drought concerns are most pronounced in Hungary and to a lesser extent northern Bulgaria, where 90-day precipitation has totaled 25 to 60 percent of normal. In northern Europe, showery, mild weather (1-2°C above normal) in England and France favored vegetative winter crops, while readings up to 6°C above normal in Germany, Poland, and the Baltic States facilitated wheat and rapeseed green up and early development.

EUROPE



Mild weather encouraged winter wheat development, though dryness concerns are developing in Ukraine. Temperatures across Ukraine and west-central Russia averaged up to 3°C above normal, facilitating wheat green up and melting the lingering snowpack in Russia’s Volga District. Temperatures averaged near to below normal closer to the Black Sea Coast, where crops are in the early

vegetative stages of development. Short-term dryness has developed over southern and eastern Ukraine; 60-day rainfall has totaled 25 to 50 percent of normal, and this region will need to be monitored closely over the ensuing weeks. Impacts of the dryness at this time are minimal (if any), as Ukraine winter wheat typically reaches the key reproductive stages of development in mid-May.

WESTERN FSU



A slow-moving storm produced heavy to excessive precipitation in central portions of the region, with dry weather confined to northwestern growing areas. Another in a seemingly endless series of powerful, moisture-laden storm systems drifted east from the Mediterranean Sea, producing 25 to 150 mm of rain from southeastern Turkey and the eastern Mediterranean Coast into Iraq and Iran. The storm added to already-impressive seasonal totals, with precipitation since September 1 shattering previous standards from southeastern Turkey into northern Syria and western Iran. In addition to the loss of life and burgeoning humanitarian crisis, this week’s heavy rain—on top of already saturated soils—caused severe

flooding, damage to infrastructure, and livestock mortality. Furthermore, submerged fields have likely lost this season’s winter grain crop due to the incessant, at times torrential, rain. Some notable season-to-date (since September 1) regional-average rainfall totals (individual weather stations may have higher totals) include: 828 mm in southeastern Turkey (Adana, 320 mm surplus, 163 percent of normal); 413 mm in northern Syria (Aleppo-Al Haska, 207 mm surplus, 200 percent of normal); and 525 mm in west-central Iran (Kordestan, 284 mm surplus, 218 percent of normal). Even areas not beset by flooding are in need of sunny weather to allow saturated fields to dry and winter grains to develop.

MIDDLE EAST



Additional rain stabilized winter grain yields in western growing areas and maintained good to excellent winter crop prospects elsewhere. In Morocco, widespread albeit highly variable showers (2-66 mm) prevented further yield declines for filling winter wheat and barley, though the rain was largely too late to allow for significant recovery to drought-afflicted crops. To illustrate this season’s drought

impacts, the early-April Moroccan croplands’ satellite-derived vegetation health index was the third lowest of the past 10 years and on par with the drought of 2012. Meanwhile, timely moderate to heavy showers (10-70 mm) in Algeria and Tunisia sustained good to excellent yield prospects for wheat and barley as crops approach or enter the reproductive stages of development.

NORTHWESTERN AFRICA



More showers (25-100 mm or more) across southeastern China maintained favorable moisture levels for rice but caused field ponding for other crops. The persistent wetness has pushed year-to-date rainfall totals well above average in most southeastern provinces. Lesser rainfall amounts (less than 25 mm) in the Yangtze Valley benefited reproductive rapeseed,

with drier conditions needed in the next few weeks as the crop begins to mature. Meanwhile, dry, unseasonably warm (temperatures up to 5°C above normal) weather increased moisture requirements for vegetative wheat in eastern China. Although the majority of wheat is irrigated, supplemental rainfall would be welcome.

EASTERN ASIA



Showers continued the seasonal progression northward, with increased rainfall in portions of Malaysia and the Philippines as well as southern sections of Indochina. In Peninsular Malaysia, rainfall totals over 25 mm improved soil moisture for oil palm but year-to-date deficits continued. Little rainfall was reported in key eastern (Sabah) growing areas. More moisture will be needed soon

to prevent significant yield declines. Meanwhile, showers (25-100 mm) in the northern Philippines provided some relief to drought-impacted rice and corn, although moisture over the last 90 days remained half of normal in Luzon. Elsewhere, scattered showers (10-25 mm or more) in southern portions of Thailand and Cambodia boosted local moisture reserves ahead of summer rice sowing in May.

SOUTHEAST ASIA



In the wake of recent beneficial rain, mostly dry weather returned to southern Queensland and northern New South Wales. Showers (5-25 mm) were generally isolated and confined to the coast, remaining east of the major cotton, sorghum, and wheat producing areas. The dry weather promoted cotton and sorghum harvesting but did not improve the yield prospects of drought-ravaged summer crops. Soaking rain would be welcome to help the region

recover from long-term, severe drought, and in the process further condition the topsoil for upcoming winter wheat planting. In a typical year, winter crop planting will begin in mid-April and then pick up steam through May and June. Temperatures averaged near to slightly below normal (up to 1°C below normal) in southern Queensland and northern New South Wales, bringing some relief from recent warmer-than-normal weather.

AUSTRALIA



A late-season surge of moisture brought some relief to drought-stricken commercial farming areas, although the moisture came too late for already damaged summer crops. Rainfall totaled 10 to 50 mm (locally higher) from North West and Free State eastward through Mpumalanga and corn-producing regions in Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal; weekly temperatures averaged near to slightly above normal in the aforementioned areas, with daytime highs reaching the middle and upper 30s (degrees C) in traditionally

warmer western and northern areas. The rain extended westward into eastern sections of the Orange River Valley (Northern Cape and environs). Similarly, beneficial rain (25-50 mm or more) fell from Eastern Cape northeastward to southern Mozambique, providing a late-season boost in moisture for sugarcane. In contrast, seasonably drier conditions prevailed in the remainder of the Cape Provinces, fostering drydown and harvesting of late-developing summer crops.

SOUTH AFRICA



Warm, mostly dry weather dominated central Argentina for much of the week, favoring rapid drydown and harvesting of maturing summer crops. Most locations from La Pampa and western Buenos Aires to Entre Rios recorded less than 10 mm, with somewhat higher amounts (10-25 mm or more) in southeastern Buenos Aires and Cordoba. Weekly temperatures averaging 2 to 3°C above normal accompanied the drying trend, with high temperatures reaching the lower 30s (degrees C) on several days in nearly all locations; nighttime lows stayed above freezing. Meanwhile, heavy

rain (25-100 mm, locally reaching 150 mm) stretched from central Cordoba northward through Salta, Chaco, and Formosa, with more moderate rainfall (10-50 mm) in and around Corrientes; the northern moisture will ultimately benefit winter grains but was untimely for maturing summer crops, particularly cotton. According to the government of Argentina, sunflowers were 84 percent harvested as of April 4, with harvest reaching 67 percent complete in Buenos Aires; similarly, corn was 20 percent harvested with fieldwork intensifying in southern production areas.

ARGENTINA



Showers brought some relief from dryness to the southern corn belt, providing timely moisture for secondary crops advancing through reproduction. Following a drying trend lasting more than one week, rain (10-50 mm or more) fell from Mato Grosso do Sul southward through Rio Grande do Sul; however, the heaviest rain was concentrated in western farming areas and dry weather (rainfall totaling below 10 mm) persisted in eastern sections of Parana, as well as in sugarcane and coffee areas of Sao Paulo and most of Minas Gerais. According to the government of Parana, soybeans and first-crop corn were 89 and 86 percent harvested, respectively, as of

April 1; 52 percent of second-crop corn had reached reproduction. In Rio Grande do Sul, government reporting depicted soybean harvesting at 52 percent complete as of April 4, compared with 49 percent last year and 51 percent on average. Rainfall diminished somewhat in Brazil’s more northerly production areas, with moderate to heavy rain (25-50 mm or more) in western and northern Mato Grosso and much of the northeastern interior (notably northern Tocantins, Piaui, and Maranhao) contrasting with drier conditions (rainfall totaling below 25 mm) in Goias and neighboring locations in Mato Grosso, Tocantins, and Bahia).

BRAZIL



In southern Mexico, farmers awaited the arrival of seasonal rainfall for planting corn and other rain-fed summer crops. Showers were generally widely scattered and light, with only isolated rainfall totals exceeding 10 mm from Puebla eastward through the Yucatan Peninsula; no rain fell on central and western sections of the southern plateau (Jalisco to Mexico). Rainfall typically begins in early April in eastern sections of the

southern plateau and moves westward, reaching Jalisco by May. Farther north, light to moderate rain (5-25 mm) fell in northern Veracruz, boosting moisture for early sugarcane development, and in northern Tamaulipas and Nuevo Leon, giving a late-season boost in moisture to immature winter sorghum. In contrast, seasonable dryness promoted maturation and drydown of corn and wheat in northwestern winter grain areas.

MEXICO

U.S. Crop Production Highlights The following information was released by USDA’s Agricultural Statistics Board on April 9, 2019. Forecasts refer to April 1.

The U.S. all orange forecast for the 2018-2019 season is 5.48 million tons, down 1 percent from last month but up 40 percent from the 2017-2018 revised final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 76.5 million boxes (3.44 million tons), is down 1 percent from last month but up 70 percent from last season. Early, midseason, and Navel varieties in Florida are forecast, at 30.5 million boxes (1.37 million tons), down 2 percent from last month but up 61 percent from last season. The Florida Valencia orange fore-cast, at 46.0 million boxes (2.07 million tons), is unchanged from last month but up 76 percent from last season. (Continued from page 12) March was relatively dry and hot in Florida, with some dryness and drought being reported in the southern part of the state and in the panhandle. Due to a few frosts and sporadic rain in numerous counties, pastures were rated 68 percent in fair to good condition on March 3, rising to 75 percent by March 31. Florida’s cattle remained in mostly

The California all orange forecast is 49.0 million boxes (1.96 million tons), down 1 percent from the previous forecast but up 8 percent from last season’s final utilization. The California Navel orange forecast, at 40.0 million boxes (1.60 million tons), is unchanged from previous forecast but up 11 percent from last season. The California Valencia orange forecast is 9.00 million boxes (360,000 tons), down 5 percent from last month and last season. The Texas all orange forecast, at 1.88 million boxes (79,000 tons), is down 28 percent from the previous forecast and down slightly from last season. good condition throughout the month. Crop producers began preparing fields for planting and corn was being planted by the end of the month. Citrus grove operations were normal during March, and tangerines were being harvested. The grapefruit harvest was complete by the end of March and some trees began to form fruit for next season’s crop.

The Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin (ISSN 0043-1974) is jointly prepared by the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Publication began in 1872 as the Weekly Weather Chronicle. It is issued under general authority of the Act of January 12, 1895 (44-USC 213), 53rd Congress, 3rd Session. The contents may be redistributed freely with proper credit. Correspondence to the meteorologists should be directed to: Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin, NOAA/USDA, Joint Agricultural Weather Facility, USDA South Building, Room 4443B, Washington, DC 20250. Internet URL: http://www.usda.gov/oce/weather E-mail address: [email protected] The Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin and archives are maintained on the following USDA Internet URL: http://www.usda.gov/oce/weather/pubs/Weekly/Wwcb/index.htm

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE World Agricultural Outlook Board Managing Editor.......................... Brad Rippey (202) 720-2397 Production Editor........................ Brian Morris (202) 720-3062 International Editor.................. Mark Brusberg (202) 720-2012 Agricultural Weather Analysts......................... Harlan Shannon

and Eric Luebehusen National Agricultural Statistics Service Agricultural Statistician and State Summaries Editor…..…..……. Jannety Mosley (202) 720-7621

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service/Climate Prediction Center Meteorologists...... David Miskus, Brad Pugh, Adam Allgood,

and Rich Tinker

USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. To file a complaint of discrimination, write: USDA, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Ave., SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (866) 632-9992 (Toll-Free Customer Service), (800) 877-8339 (Local or Federal relay), (866) 377-8642 (Relay voice users).

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