Weak gravity conjecture and axion phenomenologymember.ipmu.jp/.../2016/parallel/Uranga.pdf · LASS...
Transcript of Weak gravity conjecture and axion phenomenologymember.ipmu.jp/.../2016/parallel/Uranga.pdf · LASS...
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LASS 2007
Weak gravity conjectureand axion phenomenology
M. Montero, A.U, I. Valenzuela, arXiV:1503.03886
Angel M. UrangaIFT-UAM/CSIC, Madrid
Strings 2016
M. Montero, L. Ibáñez, A.U, I. Valenzuela, arXiV:151200025
c.f. Harlow, Shiu
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Motivation
Compatibility of gauge field theory with quantum gravity
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Motivation
Compatibility of gauge field theory with quantum gravity
- Cancellation of gravitational anomalies
- Absence of global symmetries
- Charged particle spectrum (Weak gravity conjecture)
- ...
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Motivation
Compatibility of gauge field theory with quantum gravity
- Cancellation of gravitational anomalies
- Absence of global symmetries
- Charged particle spectrum (Weak gravity conjecture)
- ...
Swampland vs Landscape c.f. Ooguri
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Motivation
Compatibility of gauge field theory with quantum gravity
- Cancellation of gravitational anomalies
- Absence of global symmetries
- Charged particle spectrum (Weak gravity conjecture)
- ...
Applications to model building?
Swampland vs Landscape c.f. Ooguri
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Constraints?
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Constraints?
Cancellation of (gravitational) anomalies
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Constraints?
Cancellation of (gravitational) anomalies
Makes hypercharge assignments the only possible ones(assuming family universality)
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Constraints?
Cancellation of (gravitational) anomalies
Absence of global symmetries
Makes hypercharge assignments the only possible ones(assuming family universality)
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Constraints?
Cancellation of (gravitational) anomalies
Absence of global symmetries
Makes hypercharge assignments the only possible ones(assuming family universality)
Insisting in e.g. exact symmetries protecting proton decayClassification of discrete gauge symmetries in MSSM
Ibáñez, Ross, 90’sR-parity, baryon triality
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Constraints?
Cancellation of (gravitational) anomalies
Absence of global symmetries
Makes hypercharge assignments the only possible ones(assuming family universality)
Insisting in e.g. exact symmetries protecting proton decayClassification of discrete gauge symmetries in MSSM
Ibáñez, Ross, 90’sR-parity, baryon triality
Reproduced in D-brane model building Berasaluce, Ibáñez, Soler, AU
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Constraints?
Cancellation of (gravitational) anomalies
Absence of global symmetries
Makes hypercharge assignments the only possible ones(assuming family universality)
Insisting in e.g. exact symmetries protecting proton decayClassification of discrete gauge symmetries in MSSM
Ibáñez, Ross, 90’sR-parity, baryon triality
Reproduced in D-brane model building Berasaluce, Ibáñez, Soler, AU
Non-abelian discrete gauge symmetries contrain Yukawas in certain D-brane models
Berasaluce, Cámara, Marchesano, AU
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Weak gravity conjectureArkani-Hamed, Motl, Nicolis, Vafa
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Weak gravity conjecture Argument
Allow for extremal charged black holes to decay...
Q, M
Arkani-Hamed, Motl, Nicolis, Vafa
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Weak gravity conjecture Argument
Allow for extremal charged black holes to decay...
Q, M Q-q, M-m
q, m
Arkani-Hamed, Motl, Nicolis, Vafa
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Weak gravity conjecture Argument
Allow for extremal charged black holes to decay...
Q, M Q-q, M-m
q, m
...without getting superextremal m≤gq (Planck units)
Arkani-Hamed, Motl, Nicolis, Vafa
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Weak gravity conjecture Argument
Allow for extremal charged black holes to decay...
Q, M Q-q, M-m
q, m
...without getting superextremal m≤gq (Planck units)
Magnetic version Cutoff ≤ gq
Arkani-Hamed, Motl, Nicolis, Vafa
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Weak gravity conjecture Argument
Allow for extremal charged black holes to decay...
Q, M Q-q, M-m
q, m
Generalize to p-form gauge fields: eg. 0-form, 3-form
(“T-duality”)
...without getting superextremal m≤gq (Planck units)
Magnetic version Cutoff ≤ gq
Arkani-Hamed, Motl, Nicolis, Vafa
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Axion: Motivation Great interest in scalar rolling through transPlanckian
field range
�� > Mp
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Axion: Motivation Great interest in scalar rolling through transPlanckian
field range
�� > Mp
- Single field inflation with sizable ratio r of tensor to scalar perturbations Lyth
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Axion: Motivation Great interest in scalar rolling through transPlanckian
field range
�� > Mp
- Single field inflation with sizable ratio r of tensor to scalar perturbations Lyth
- Cosmological relaxation models for Higgs
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Axion: Motivation Great interest in scalar rolling through transPlanckian
field range
�� > Mp
- Single field inflation with sizable ratio r of tensor to scalar perturbations Lyth
- Cosmological relaxation models for Higgs
General question of consistency in quantum gravity
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Axions
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Axions
Need scalars with sub-Planckian potential through possibly super-Planckian field range
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Axions
Need scalars with sub-Planckian potential through possibly super-Planckian field range
Suppression of corrections in non-susy models motivates use of fields with additional symmetry
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Axions
Need scalars with sub-Planckian potential through possibly super-Planckian field range
Suppression of corrections in non-susy models motivates use of fields with additional symmetry
Axions: Periodic scalars with (perturbative) shift symmetry
� ! �+ �
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Axions
Need scalars with sub-Planckian potential through possibly super-Planckian field range
Suppression of corrections in non-susy models motivates use of fields with additional symmetry
broken to discrete periodicity by:
- Non-perturbative effects ⇒ natural inflation
- Monodromic effects ⇒ axion monodromy
Axions: Periodic scalars with (perturbative) shift symmetry
� ! �+ �
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Natural inflation
Single axion with 1-instanton generated potentialFreese, Frieman, Olinto
V (�) = ⇤
4[1� cos(�/f)]
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Natural inflation
Single axion with 1-instanton generated potentialFreese, Frieman, Olinto
f >>Mp problematic in string theory
Banks, Dine, Fox, Gorbatovedge of controlable regimes
V (�) = ⇤
4[1� cos(�/f)]
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Natural inflation
Single axion with 1-instanton generated potentialFreese, Frieman, Olinto
f >>Mp problematic in string theory
Banks, Dine, Fox, Gorbatovedge of controlable regimes
feature of quantum gravity (see later)
V (�) = ⇤
4[1� cos(�/f)]
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Natural inflation
Single axion with 1-instanton generated potentialFreese, Frieman, Olinto
f >>Mp problematic in string theory
Banks, Dine, Fox, Gorbatovedge of controlable regimes
feature of quantum gravity (see later)
V (�) = ⇤
4[1� cos(�/f)]
Proposals to avoid, in multiple axion models- N-flation
- Kinetic alignment
- Lattice alignment
Dimopoulos, Kachru, McGreevy, Wacker
McAllister et al
Kim, Nilles, Peloso
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WGC & axion potential
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WGC & axion potential WGC demands instantons inducing higher harmonics
S ⇠ nMP
f(in strings, D-brane instantons)
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WGC & axion potential
�� > Mp
⇒ higher harmonics reduce the rolling range < Mp
�� < Mp
WGC demands instantons inducing higher harmonics
S ⇠ nMP
f(in strings, D-brane instantons)
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WGC & axion potential
�� > Mp
⇒ higher harmonics reduce the rolling range < Mp
�� < Mp
WGC demands instantons inducing higher harmonics
S ⇠ nMP
f(in strings, D-brane instantons)
delaFuente, Saraswat, Sundrum; Rudelius; Montero, AU, Valenzuela; Brown, Cottrell, Shiu, Soler; Bachlechner, Long, McAllister; Hebecker, Mangat, Rompineve, Witkowski; Junghans; Heidenreich, Reece, Rudelius; ...
Tough time for multiple axions, too!
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Versions of WGCArkani-Hamed, Motl, Nicolis, Vafa
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Versions of WGCArkani-Hamed, Motl, Nicolis, Vafa
Strong from Lightest particle has larger q/m
Mild form Not necessarily so
(+ several others: lattice, sublattice, ...) [earlier list of refs]
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Versions of WGCArkani-Hamed, Motl, Nicolis, Vafa
Generalize to arbitrary p-form field, e.g. axions (0-forms) In quantum gravity with single axion, there exists an instantons with S ≲ Mp/f
Strong form Dominant instanton has higher harmonics
Mild form High harmonics subdominant wrt low ones
Strong from Lightest particle has larger q/m
Mild form Not necessarily so
(+ several others: lattice, sublattice, ...) [earlier list of refs]
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Versions of WGCArkani-Hamed, Motl, Nicolis, Vafa
Generalize to arbitrary p-form field, e.g. axions (0-forms) In quantum gravity with single axion, there exists an instantons with S ≲ Mp/f
Strong form Dominant instanton has higher harmonics
Mild form High harmonics subdominant wrt low ones
Interesting debate on which version realized in strings
Strong from Lightest particle has larger q/m
Mild form Not necessarily so
(+ several others: lattice, sublattice, ...) [earlier list of refs]
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Axion monodromy Alternative: Transplanckian field range with subplanckian
periodicity, through multivalued potential
cf Witten’s θ anglein large N pure YM
Silverstein, Westphal
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Axion monodromy Alternative: Transplanckian field range with subplanckian
periodicity, through multivalued potential
cf Witten’s θ anglein large N pure YM
Potential protected by dual 3-form gauge invariance
Silverstein, Westphal
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Axion monodromy Alternative: Transplanckian field range with subplanckian
periodicity, through multivalued potential
cf Witten’s θ anglein large N pure YM
Potential protected by dual 3-form gauge invarianceMarchesano, Shiu, A.U; also Dvali, Jackiw
Silverstein, Westphal
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Axion monodromy Alternative: Transplanckian field range with subplanckian
periodicity, through multivalued potential
cf Witten’s θ anglein large N pure YM
Potential protected by dual 3-form gauge invarianceMarchesano, Shiu, A.U; also Dvali, Jackiw
Kaloper, Sorbo+Lawrence
|F4|2 + |dC2 � nC3|2 C3 ! C3 + d⇤2 ; C2 ! C2 + n⇤2
|F4|2 + n�F4 + |d�|2
|d�|2 + �2
Silverstein, Westphal
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Axion monodromy Alternative: Transplanckian field range with subplanckian
periodicity, through multivalued potential
cf Witten’s θ anglein large N pure YM
Potential protected by dual 3-form gauge invarianceMarchesano, Shiu, A.U; also Dvali, Jackiw
Kaloper, Sorbo+Lawrence
|F4|2 + |dC2 � nC3|2 C3 ! C3 + d⇤2 ; C2 ! C2 + n⇤2
|F4|2 + n�F4 + |d�|2
|d�|2 + �2
Silverstein, Westphal
Palti et al Transplackian vs backreaction?
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WGC and relaxion models Montero, Ibáñez, AU, Valenzuela
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WGC and relaxion models
Graham, Kaplan, Rajendran; Espinosa, Grojean, Panico, Pomarol, Pujols, Servant; Hardy; Patil, Schwaller; Jaeckel, Mehta, Witkowski; Gupta, Komargodski, Perez, Ubaldi; Batell, Giudice, McCullough;...
Vigorous activity on cosmological relaxation
Montero, Ibáñez, AU, Valenzuela
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WGC and relaxion models
Graham, Kaplan, Rajendran; Espinosa, Grojean, Panico, Pomarol, Pujols, Servant; Hardy; Patil, Schwaller; Jaeckel, Mehta, Witkowski; Gupta, Komargodski, Perez, Ubaldi; Batell, Giudice, McCullough;...
Vigorous activity on cosmological relaxation
Transplanckian axion plays effective Higgs mass
Tiny g ≈ 10-34 GeV
Montero, Ibáñez, AU, Valenzuela
![Page 48: Weak gravity conjecture and axion phenomenologymember.ipmu.jp/.../2016/parallel/Uranga.pdf · LASS 2007 Weak gravity conjecture and axion phenomenology M. Montero, A.U, I. Valenzuela,](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042313/5edc8894ad6a402d66673b8f/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
WGC and relaxion models
Graham, Kaplan, Rajendran; Espinosa, Grojean, Panico, Pomarol, Pujols, Servant; Hardy; Patil, Schwaller; Jaeckel, Mehta, Witkowski; Gupta, Komargodski, Perez, Ubaldi; Batell, Giudice, McCullough;...
Vigorous activity on cosmological relaxation
Coupling naively not periodic: Axion monodromy!
Transplanckian axion plays effective Higgs mass
Tiny g ≈ 10-34 GeV
Montero, Ibáñez, AU, Valenzuela
![Page 49: Weak gravity conjecture and axion phenomenologymember.ipmu.jp/.../2016/parallel/Uranga.pdf · LASS 2007 Weak gravity conjecture and axion phenomenology M. Montero, A.U, I. Valenzuela,](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042313/5edc8894ad6a402d66673b8f/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
WGC and relaxion models
Graham, Kaplan, Rajendran; Espinosa, Grojean, Panico, Pomarol, Pujols, Servant; Hardy; Patil, Schwaller; Jaeckel, Mehta, Witkowski; Gupta, Komargodski, Perez, Ubaldi; Batell, Giudice, McCullough;...
Vigorous activity on cosmological relaxation
Coupling naively not periodic: Axion monodromy!
Transplanckian axion plays effective Higgs mass
Tiny g ≈ 10-34 GeV
Montero, Ibáñez, AU, Valenzuela
WGC predicts very light membranes for realistic parameters
![Page 50: Weak gravity conjecture and axion phenomenologymember.ipmu.jp/.../2016/parallel/Uranga.pdf · LASS 2007 Weak gravity conjecture and axion phenomenology M. Montero, A.U, I. Valenzuela,](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042313/5edc8894ad6a402d66673b8f/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
WGC and relaxion models
Graham, Kaplan, Rajendran; Espinosa, Grojean, Panico, Pomarol, Pujols, Servant; Hardy; Patil, Schwaller; Jaeckel, Mehta, Witkowski; Gupta, Komargodski, Perez, Ubaldi; Batell, Giudice, McCullough;...
Vigorous activity on cosmological relaxation
Coupling naively not periodic: Axion monodromy!
Transplanckian axion plays effective Higgs mass
Tiny g ≈ 10-34 GeV
Montero, Ibáñez, AU, Valenzuela
WGC predicts very light membranes for realistic parameters Rapid tunneling,
rather than slow roll
see also Brown, Cottrell, Shiu, Soler ’16
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Conclusions
Transplanckian axion decay constants...
Seem pretty constrained by quantum gravity (gravitational instantons, weak gravity conjecture)
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Conclusions
Transplanckian axion decay constants...
Seem pretty constrained by quantum gravity (gravitational instantons, weak gravity conjecture)
Transplanckian field ranges in axion monodromy ...
Applications to inflation and more...
Beautiful protection by dual gauge symmetry
Relaxion models spoiled by WGC membranes
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Conclusions
Transplanckian axion decay constants...
Seem pretty constrained by quantum gravity (gravitational instantons, weak gravity conjecture)
Interesting..
QG constraints relevant to new cosmo + LHC data
Transplanckian field ranges in axion monodromy ...
Applications to inflation and more...
Beautiful protection by dual gauge symmetry
Relaxion models spoiled by WGC membranes
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Thank you!