THE ADVOCATE OF INDUSTRY AND ENTERPRiSE, AND JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL AND OTHER IMPROVEMENTS. --------"-"_ . .

- ---- -------- ---- --

- -- ----- - ---- ----- ---- ----------------- --- - -- :.:;--=:.=-=-:;�= - .... ----. -----------<--.--.--.. ---------'--..;:-�====:::;-YOLUME I.1 NEW-YORK, THURSDAY, JULY 9, 1846. [NUMBER 42. )

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pUBLI.aEO EVEILY THUIISD.lY MOJINING, AT THE BUN BUILDING .. ,

-Rntrance 128 Fulton st., and 89 Na!sau st.­ALSO, AT NO. 13 COURT ST" BOSTON, AND 1'10.29 AR­

CAnE, PHILADELPHIA.

(The Principal Office being at New York.)

RUFUS PORTER,-Editor.

Each number of thi. paper i_turnished with from two to five ORIGINAL ENGRAVINGS,many of them elegant, and

illustrative of NEW INVENTIONS, SCIIU'TIFIC PRINer-

PLES, and C';RlOSlTU;�; and contaiD� as much Interest­ing Intelligence as six ordinary daily papers, consisting of

noticeli of the progress of Mechanical and other Scienti­fic Improvements,-American and Foreign Inventions

Cataloguei of American Patcnts,-Bcientilic Essays, jJ­ustrative of the principles of the Science� of MECHA­IUCS, CHEMISTRV, alld AacHITEcTURE ;-Instruction in

various Arts and Trade!!, ·C urious Philosophical Expe­

ments ;-:\{iseellaneous Intelligence, Poetry and, occa­siona lly, Music,

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TERM' Of' ADVEllTISING.-For 10 lines, or less, 50 cents for the firat, Ilnd 121·2 cent! for every 5ubsequent insertion. ====-- . ==:.:=.: .. ::::=;= .. : .. :.::--�-=.=---.====-=.:.====-=======

Signs of Rain. l The follow ing is laid to have been composed by

Dr. ienner, as an excu�e for not accepting the invi­tation or a friend to makc an excuriion with him :1

1. The hollow winds begin to blow, 2. The clouds look black, the grass is low, 3. The soot falls down, the spaniels sleep, 4. And spiders from their cobwebs peep_ 6. Last night the sun went pale to bed, 6. Th(l moon in haloR hid her head;

MACHINE FOR CLEANSING WHEAT Fig. I.

ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PATEN­TEES FOR 1845. (Concluded from No. 41.)

William F Scnior,New York, Pierpont Seymour, East Bloomfield, NY. Geo W Shaw, Thompson. COllO.

I Samuel Shearer, Bi� Prairie, Ohio. IW H Shecut, & H H D'lY. New York. I �'rederkk E S ickels, New York, I Thomas D Simpson, Norwich, Conn. l,Vm Y Singlet'_lIl, Springfield, Ill. p F �Ianc and .I Golding, East Camhridge, Masi. BenJ �Illger!and. PatersolJ; NJ. Joseph Slocum, Syracu�e, NY. Jabez Smith, Petersburg, Va: John Cutts Smith, Chelsea, Ma8s. Theophilu6 Sinith, Galway, NY, BellJ 1\1 Smith, Mas8ilion, Ohio, Ira SrDith, Chagrin Falls, o. SnolV, Cheney, & TN Sadler, Spencer Ma8F. Simeon Snydcr, Dayton, Ohio. ' Thomas S SpeakmaIJ, and Richard A Stratton

Philadelphia. n. H Springateed, Wooster, Ohio. .Tohn J Springsteen, Oswego, NY. Daniel S Stafford, Rochester, Ill. Henry Stnnley, Poultney, Vt. Nehemiah P Stanton, Syracuse, NY. Benj Starbuck, assignee of Anson Atwoud, delJign, Troy. Thomas W Starr, Philadelphia. Sylvanus B Stilwell, Brooklyn. EXPLANA'l'lON, ETc.-This machine, which has been recently invented, and is now in successful operation, is calculated for cleansing wheat or Milton W Stilwell, Plainfield, N Y. other grains, from smut, earth, aud all other extraneous matter that may adhere to the kernels of the grain. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the D C Stonc, War�arsing, NY,

exterior of the machine, and fig. 2 is a sectional side "iew, Showing the construction and arrangement of the interior. The body of the ma- I �enry Sto.ne, deSIgn, Poul!n�y, :Vt. chine consists of a cast iron cylinder, A B) thirty inches long (including the fan box) and one foot ill diameter. - A cast iron shaft passes through

I �he�ter! S�one, a(�f ,�co. S CO�yil, Ravenna, O.

the centre of the cylinder, having its bearillgs in the cylinder he:Lds, an' I a bdnd wheel, C, 011 o:le en:1 t hereof, whereby it is put ill motion. From s:����lll�w���s, j� �e�lUy�Ok . this shaft � series of arms or bWlers, D D, &c.,.projec � in different directioll�, <�ntl nenr the !'nd "p,l'()'iit(' the band wheel, four arms with fallS, E Benjamit� S\Ve�t, Mt. Morri:' �Y. E, also project from the centre shaft, and when m motlQn have the effect tlJ drlvll off from the �r" 111 \\ hatever �mllt or dust has been detached Beriah Swil't, Washington, NY. from the grain by the operation of the beaters. This cylinder is supported nt two Ill' three fed e!"vatillll from the ground, by pairs of cast iron Christop�er S uydam, Lalllbert8ville, NJ.

le�s, attached to each end of the (',ylinder, as shown in fig. 1; and one end support s a hopper, H, which receives the grain and conducts it to the Wm 1'81Otor and �arlow Sorton, Porter Co., Ind. beaters, and the grain progresses gradually to the discharging vent, F; the hopper end of the machine being a little elevated for the purpose of Samuel Talbott, RIchmond, Va. facilitating the progress of the grain, and the beaters are made l!lightly oblique for the �ame purpo[.c. Both the induct ion and edu ction of the ?Tr�e R ,TaJlrr'cfeSt�rookRN�d I E

7. The boding shepherd heaves a SIgh, 8. For, see, a rainbow spaas the sky. 9. The walls are damp, the ditcheq smell,

to. Clos'd is the pink.eyed pimpernell.

gra�n. a�·e regulated. by �mal� horizontal sliding gates" not rep�eseAteJ i� the engraving; and the I�"t ion of the beaters is su�h as to cleanse the Sal�1 �:��;�� and A

I�� D��is, ����rfdge:ifaB •• I gra,lD WIthout bra .. kll�f\ It.. rhp,f�":w�eel �paltment I,S a,sect�on of (:ylu!d.,l', cast �cpar:�t{'ly,.alld I:; sel�arated ,from the beatmg aPlI:rt,m,ent by a W H Taylor, and A {'Norton, Rochester, N Y. cyltnder head or parlltlOn III which IS a vertical fluE', G, eight i.nches tly 10m, and extendlllg IrUIII the discharging veilt, Ill' to the Vl(:l[lIty of tJw Oliver, Dorche8tcr, MUH!;,

shaft: so that when the tans are In mollon they prod uce a strollg drau;\"ht of air upward thwllgh the fllle, whieh thoroughly scparates the dlli;t I Eli Tcrry, Plymouth, COllll, 11. Hark! how the chairs and tables crack, 12. Old Betty's joints are 011 the rack; 13. Loud quac!! the ducks, the peacock's cry; \4. The distant hills are looking nigh. 15. How restless are the snorting swine, 16. The bU8y flies disturb the k ine ; 17. Low o'er the glass the swallowwing�; IS. The cricket, too, how sharp he sings; 19. Puss on the hearth with velvet paws, 20. Sits, wiping o'er her whiskered jaws. 21. Through the clear stream the fishes ri�c 22. And nimblY catch the incllutious tlies ; 23, The glow-worms, numerous and bright, 24. Illum'd the dewy dell l8-st night. 25. A t dusk the squalid to'll\. and seen, 26. Hopping and crawling o-er {he green; 27. ThE' whirling wind the dust obeys, 28. And in the rapid eddy plays; 29. The frog has changed his yellow ve�t,_ 30. And in a russet coat ia drest. 31. Though J nne, thn air is cold and still : 32. Ube mellow blackbird's voice i� shrill. 33. My dog, 30 altered in his taste, 34. Quits mutton bones on grass to feast ; :l5. And see, yon rooks, how odd their flight, 36. They imitate tbe gliding kite, 37. And sef:m precipitate to fall-38. As if they felt the p iercing ball. 39. 'Twill sarely rain, I see with sorrow; 40. Our jaunt must be put off to·morrow.

1'0##""'" ROInaDce aud Reality; or, the Poet

AND HIS SERVANT.

Poet.-How soft the genile zephyr breathes Among the single trees-

Serv.-Confound that plaguy north·eut wind, Oh! how it makes me wheeze.

Poet.-The thrush frOID yonder waving birch Pou.s out his mellow note-

Serv.-I wi�h I had a rifle here To stop that fellow's throat.

Poet.-The robin carols forth his lay From every shady nook-

Serv.-Lord what a noise those bull frogs make, -A squa Nking in the brook.

Poet.--How sweet 'mid Nature's works to rove In the hours of opening spring-

Serv.-I cannot think what in the world Could here my master bring.

Poet,-How green the turf beneath my feet, And moist with evening dew-

Serv.-This swamp is filled with cranberry vines And some skunk cabbage too.

Poet.-How rich the perfume of the flowers That float upon the air-

Serv.-There now I stept upon a leal, The smell I cannot bear.

Poet.-The stream leaps merrily along Lhe a young child at play-

Serv.-My master'll get into the mud, If he goe8 far that way. ---.,..,..,.,..��..,.,..,.,--

THE EDITOR'S ADVICE to his youthful readers is, -Read books which contain real, solid information, thouth they may appear dry at first, Don't spend your time poring over the miserable cheap novels 10 plenty at the present time. The 1II0re you read them the bigger fool you will be. They are un· worthy the attention of an intelligent being, and are the great drawback upon the intellectual ad­vancement of the young. One old musty history, which can \Ie found in almost any house, is worth _ "''''re than the whole of them.

from the grain, and thc dust is thrown ont by the wheel, through a large Yen, for that pnrposb, 011 the hdek or real' side of the cylinder, (not re,. Geor�c \V Thayer, �pringfi�ld, Mas!!. presented,) while the cleansed grain is conducted fo the hox or ve8sel prepared tv rcccin; it. This excellent machine was in\'entc�1 y Mr, Ow- ! A W �1�uIIJPson, PhlladelphJa. D f M id h ' t it . h C Th . h" 1 $<)- I Gould lhorp, New York. en orsey, 0 aryan, N 0 III ell( S 0 procure a patent t ere or. e c�,t 01 a mac me IS a )Out �o. H, R 1'roclmlOrtoll, Brooklyn, 22) '"" .= ____ ._x __ -� Charles Thurber, Norwich Conn.

OLD BACHELoR8,-We have oflen thought of INDIA RUBBER BltIDGES,-The announcement' ANIMAL FLOWER.-Reader, it is not of pretty la. Levi B Thyng, Lowell, Mass. writing a chapter \lpon old bachelor�, setting fohh that Government were abo\lt contracting with eel'· dies that we speak! They are animal flowers, Theodore R Timby, Cato 4 Corners, NY. their inhumanity, their unnaturalneEs, the countl�ss tain individuals fur supply of India Rubber Bridges and pretty poseys tbey are to be sure. They beau· J H Towne, Philadelphia. miseries they bring upon themselve s and point�ng f'er the army excited considerable curiosity as to tilY the earth, and make it pleasant to endure lite. Edward S Townsend, Palmyra, NY. out the only true method by which thcy can re· the mode of constrncting so singular an article,- On Ihe Island St. Luc!' therc is a cavern in which Wm Townsend, Rochester. deem themsfi:lves from the charge of selfishness, It appears that a uridge of tl!is material was invent· is a large basin twelve or fifteen feet deep, in the William Trapp, jr" Dryden, NY. and become useful members of' soeiety, We \le· ed sOlne ten years since and used during the Croek bottom of which are rocks. From tbese rock� pro- Daniel Treadwell, Cambridge, Ma,a. lieve the majority of them merit our pity rallier war in Alabama. The following is a descriptioll of ceed certain �ub�tances which present at first sight Joseph Trump, Connelsvtlle, Pa. than our hatred. If they are, as we fear. more c�n- it :-It consisted of large bag;; or pontons �olUelhing beautifiJI flowers, resembling our marigolds, only Phi/os B Tyler, Philadelphia. ceited, cross, crabbed, and crusty . than the rest of lille cotton bagil in �hape, m:.de of India Rubber that their tint i� more lively. These seeming flow- Isaac Tysoll, Jr" Baltimore. their species, it is because the very peculiarity of cloth, which bci,ng filled with air and at,tac�ed I�te. ers on the approach of a hand or instrument, retil'e George UpIIlIlIl, Hebron, O. their condition make'" theDl so; anJ. if t.hey ding rally together, formed It brIdge of 14 tcet In wIdth, like a snail, out 01 sight! On close examination I Jesse Urney, WIlmmg,ton, Del. with pitable tenacity to their Ibnely lot, it is because and of any length, accordmg to _ th� num,ber of I there appears, in the middle of n disk, filaments 'I Grey Ulley, Chapel Htl!, NC. they have not a realiz ing sense of its wretcheones., ,bags used; \1p"n these were laid ll�ht tImbers I re;;embling spider's eggs, which move briskly round SJ.llluuel Utter, New York. and have never dreamed oCthe joy� or connubial I to support bo�rJs. �l:a�ed l�te�alIy, WlllCh I�rmlng" a _kind of .petals., These filaments or legs have pin' , Robert B Vardcn, Baltlmor�. life, Let us, thell,luok on them with compassion- , a 811100th level suo face, aonlltted the p'as�age 01 cers to seJze their prey, when the petal6 close, HO Arthur Varnham, London, Eng. for, as an eloquent writer touchingly HaY6 :--" In wagons, 1i00:ses, &c, A detachment. 01 ,600 men that it cannot escape, U uder this flower is the Jol.n Waite, Leicester, Mass. the vast flower field of human affeclioll, the old With all th.6lr arms and ac(:outrements, mrllldmg body 01 an animal, and it is IJrobable he lives on E L "Valker, and G W Cherry, Carlisle, Pa. bachelor is the very scarecrow of happiness, who thefield omcers mounted upo� �or8es, marched, up· marine insects Ihrown by Ihe �ea into this basin,- Samuel S \Valley, Charlestown, Pa. drives away the old birds of love that come to on It at �nce, and of en remallllr.g a Quarter 01 an I Cin, Post, -

- Frederick Walkcr, Wlllchester, Va. steal hemlock seeds of loneliness and despair,- ho II l' gomg through the evolutlon6 to test 118 -�N-;-""'-. Allen 'Yard Camden NJ. Where is there II. more pitiable obiect in the world strength, they counter·marched with as much facili· I S l'h -" f' Thomas E Warrell '}roy. J tv as if 011 terra firma. Field pieces, with their NVENTION OF PECTACI.J;S,- e ulscovery 0 Samuel I' ':Vurren, ' l\lontreal, Can. than a man who has no amiable woman interested J spectacles, one of the first and onc 01 the !nost " • in his welfare '1 How dismal does his desolate complement of matrosses, ami their ('ais8011s filled useful optical instruments ever brought into gener- John T \"farren and E Warren New York. room appear when he goes home at night, wet and , with a mmuDition, and loaded wagons were also dri- al use, seems to have been made abotlt the eud of Thos C \Vashburn, Lowell. ' hungry; and finds a cold hearth 01' barrell table, and : ven over it with th� Sllme ease. It was �aid that a the thirteenth century. It is obvious from the wri- Benj Webb, Warren, NY. a lonely pIllow, and lookil likc the white urn of tr?op?f horse arnvmg, at .1IIght at!i nver where lings of Roger Bacon, published a little before that Jos"1'll H \Vcbster, 'Varren, NY. every earthly enjoyroent! See the �ick old bach· thIS bndge was, nnd se,emg It 8tretc�lIlg ac�oss tl,le period, that spectacles were unknown in hia timc j Joseph H \Vebster, St Loui�, Mo. elor in the afternoon of life, when his heart is �tre'lm, crossed upo,n It u�der the ImpressIon that. and loon after the begiOlting or the fourteenth cen. Herman "Vendt, New York. sinking to sundown. Not a solitary I>tar of memory It ,WliS ,Ii co�n�on br,ldge. .fhe g�eat. advantage 01 tury they appear to have been in general use. The I Erastus C West, �radlord, VI. It(leams over the dusk of his opening grave-no Ihl� brIdge IS Its entlr� portable!le�s, all �he �ootolls commoll and most probable opinion i�, that they Clarl, WllCeler, LIttle :Valley. NY. tender wite to bend like a blessing over his dying and cordage f?r a, brIdge of 350 teet belllg capable were discovered ill Italy, and Manni informs U6 that E Whelan, PhiladelphIa. bed-no fond daughter to uraw his chill hand ioto of transportatlOlI_ �n a smgle,wagon; whereas the they were invented by a Florentine, called Salvino Solomon WI�ippl�, Albany. the soft pressure ofher8, and,warm his icy blood with formc r ponton equlpagell cons�sted

,of cumbrous and deg!'Armat.i. He even quotes an inscription 011 a Cosman \V,hlte, Galw�y) NY.

_ the vivifying fires of unfailing affection-no manly blilky pontons 01 wood, �heet Iron and copper. tomh at Florence which seems to leave no doubt Cullen WhIpple, Provld')nce. boy to link his name with the golden chain of hon- _"""'##01�--of the fact. Thi� inscription is as follows: "Qui Wm "Vh�te, assignee of,G Merrick, New Orleans. bl '

d b' d h- h' ' h MUSIC PRODUCEO FROM GAs,-lnto a glass globe J h \Vh t "-I( I I "'I h ora e posterity an III is Istory 111 t e vast diace Salvino d' Armato de"!' Armati Firenze ill- 0 n I e, 1V aI's Ia , ,,1C • volume of the world he it!! lea ving larever. He haB put some small chips or pieces of iron and sulphu- vent.or di egl' Occhiall, anno"i317." Here lies Sal. Andrew �Vicl\art, Grcen Village, O. eaten and drunken and died, and earth is glad to ric acid, diluled willi five or six times its weight of vino d' Armato dp.gl' Armati, a Florentine, the in. Hugh Wl!!h�man, Pltts�urg., be rid of him, far he has done little else but cramp water. The acid \lIay be pom-cd upon the iron by ventoI' 01 spectacles wh.) died in 1317. Aretu8 A l,Vllder, DetrOIt, Mich. his soul into the circumference of a sixpence, and means of a fUllnel. Fitted into the cock is a glas!! �,.,.,� James M Wilder, Peterborough, N H. h b t 1- h 'II b t tube a quarter of an inch in diameter, and having R- II W'ld nan Har-I'ord no uman one u lIS was er-woman WI reat Ie COL. BENTON AND THE 54 40_�.-A capital thing usse I I , "

•

'I h' fi I v t £�-.n Alb it; upper extremity drawn out to a capillary bulb, '1'1 WI'le Sonlcrsct Ohl'o a BIg 1 at 18 unera .-.rac ory u!/'j,8 mn. was said by Col. Benton , a few days ago, to a dis- lomas 5, , . --_N"#" By setting fire to the hydrogen !!as which eiOcapes J D W'llouO'hbc- Gettysburg Pa. ..,.",.,.,--- - tin"uished Whig Senator, which should not be al- ames I .,. J' , from this extremity, a continued current or J'et of ... R b t W'I W'II-anlsport, Pa A DOG STOIIY.-One or the hght fingered gentry flame is produced, which may then be allowed to lowed to perish. They were discussing the effect 0 er

II son'N I � k .

lately succeeded I'n abstracting a valuahle gold 01' tile Oregon comproml'se upon the fil·ty.fiour ,for. Jamee Wi son, ew � or , 1)1\�S into a J'ar, ei_ther of glass, or earthem.ware or I Ph-l d I h' watch Irom a gentleman who was the owner of a II.etai. If the tube be not too lar.\!e, the tiame be. ties, and the policy which that division of the demo. John "V Wi son, TI a e pIa.

most sagacious dog. The animal. having observed comes smaller as it is depressed ,and wheu the tube cratic party had pursued. 'Sir,' said Col. B enton, John F "Vinslow! roy·O the theft, at once renounced his old mailter, whose covers the flame to a considerable depth, very clear 'when yon were a boy, your mother made YOIl read Chas Wolf, CincJ[J

kna

,ti,

'1' V companion he had been for years, and in spite of sounds are produced,' but un the contrary, if the the good book. I icar both orus have not paid that Buncroft WoodBcoc

l ! v{iye

Te mg a.

all coaxing and entreaties, followed the pickpocket. tube be to narrow, the flame will be extingui�hed, atlentiGln we ou�ht, since we have been left to our Enoch Woods, d

e Oltd' U

. F h Id N J Hiil llew master was delighted, all?, 011 retiting

Tfor and in proportion as the tube t3 enlarged, the sound own guidance. But you will remember a paseage Ferdinand Woo war, pper ree 0 , •

the III' ollt took puppy to his sleeplllg room lIe r 01' a IIlall bel'[lg dell'vere-' 01' certa l' n devl'I�-�even Wm Woodworth, Hyde Park, NY. - '" , . , dimini.hes, so that there is a certai.1 limit at which u Q Q 'I I d 0 rogue, having put aside his dress, placed the watch I believe, They were cast into s wine and the Bwine C J Woolsoo, C eve an, .

snllgly in his pantaloons pockei, and rolled himsell it totally ceases. ,,""""H_-- ran down a steep plaee into the sea and were Wm M ,wright, Pitt�bu

.rg.

in the blankets. But 110 sooner was he ill bed, than CHEAT ON BOTH SlDES.-A funny bit of scandal drowned. There is no account that the devils were: Wm WrIght, Roche�tel. the dog which had watched his operations with a turned up a few days since at the' west end' of thc drowned, and the last time they appeared was in : John Young, We3t Galway, NY. great d,eal?f anxiety, seized the. pants, and with the city. A teamster up in them dIggins, not long the shape of tllCf'e fifty-Cour fortifl�. Now, though _ .�-�-- , one sprlDg Jumped through the,

WlO�oW,. and made since took to himselt a wife. Soon it leaked out they have been killed off, the devils still survive,. GOLD,-� man, who IS .rurOls�etl with a:£'tlmenta for hll!l old home, Ip8vmg the ttuef IoQlllUS Duth watch

I that (htl man had alJotller wife livin� somewhere.- and at sonle future period lhey will develope thcm- ; from the mlllt, Will convlllce hiS antagolllst much and pants. At Lhis discovery Ihe new wife was becomingly in- selves in a new party.' ! sooner than one who draws them from reason and

� , dignant, and was making ]lreparations fo� a pro. ---� . philosophy. Gold is a wonderful clearer ofthe un-T, HE DIFFICULTY O_F S, UPPRE

, SEING VICE.-A 110- I longed fiuss-when lo! shocking to relate-Ill stefl.. l,VI-IAT WE COULD Do ,-F'rom an official report derstandingj it dissipates every doubt and scruple

bl d d \'v r h r in an instant; accommodates itself to the meanest t�nous gam e� was III Icte III a • estern CO�Ht, I pcd a long absent sailor and claimed the woman as submitted to Congress in 1545, t e number 0 llIen dI d for keepmg a faro table; but could not lJe convlct- his wile! which turned out to be the fact. The in the United States, from 18 to 45 years of age, fit capacities; silences the ,loud an ,c am<;,roulI, an,

ed b�cause the judge and most of the jury ha� b�en teamster /'etrogaded. Finally some friends came to do military duty, and fully armed and equipped , Lrings over the most obstlllate and \O,fle�lb�e. _ Phl­

playlllg at the same table. On lhe same prlDclple forward 'bo't out' the sailor and settled matters was 1,778,333, exclusive 01' uniform companies, fire! lip of Macedon was a man of most \Ov\Oclble rea­n,lIty btl found the difficulty, of procurinll_ and enfar,- w ith th� other woman, and �ow the loving pair companies, and citizens and enrolled, (about 1,500,- son this way. He refuted all the wisdom of Atherur,

h I I h f; b fi 0 coufounded their statesmen, struck their orator. c\o� w 0 eeo�e aws agB:lIlst � e ne arlOus a oml- are together again, This partakes somewhat 000,) making an available orce of 3,2 0,000, which dumb, and at length argued them out 01 all their natIOns I'r;\cuced openly ID thlB Gothttm-the offi· I of the romantic but it is nevertheless true.-Vox could be called into service, in case 01 an emergen-cers of Police are too much interested in the gAme. "oweli, [.vwell. ' CYl in thirty days. liberties.

© 1846 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC.

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elliKence. I ' A u invention somewhat quaint as well 86 novel The Royal Mail steamer Britannia arrived at T H E PENNSYLVANIA R U LRoA D.-The books of

��=====-===_ ====x======== NE W-YORK, THURSDAY, JULY 9 .

-Drawings of machinery, engraving on wood, and

lithographic drawings, neatly executed , at the low­ellt prices, at this office.

---.,..,..,..,.�.-Po liT MASTER8-Who receive this paper, will

confer a 'pecial favor by mentioning the subject oc­cuionalJy to lICientific m ee-hanic!!. The aid, a\80, and influence of all our kind patl ons, in extending the notice and circulation of this paper, is most re­llpectfully solicited .

has been patented, for the protection of bees against Boston on S aturday last, fifteen days from Liver· subscription to this road, wh ich is of such i m mense the ravages of the moth . The invention pllrtakes pool. The news by this arrival is not very impor- interest to the Philadelphians, were lately opened, of operating . mechanism, and is to be operated by tant, though not ullinteresting. and stock to the amount of $309,000 was taken up hens. The hives are arranged in a tightly joined The news of the success of the Americans in t he the first day, and there appears a determination to

'houl!es, provided with ventilated doors of w ire late engagements with the Mexicans, had created press the enterprise through. In the Olean time the gause, which are to be regularly shut at night and much surprise and admiration, some regret but people of Pittsburg, are pushing the Connelsville opened in the morning. The patent was granted more exultation. There ill in Englishmen a feeling route with e very prospect of succes. The requi­for combining, with the door of the bee house a of connexiOD with Americans , and although the site amount of Slack has been subscribed at Pitts­hen TOO$t in such a manner that the weight of the first news of the war had produced considerable burg, and letters patent have been issued by the fowls going to roost doses the door at night, and sympathy for the Mexicans. that sympathy became Governor. These two roads are rivals, the former by reversed action on their leaving, openil in the dissipated when the report of the brilliant victories completing a line from Philadelphia to Pittsburg, morning ! was received. and the latter, an extension of the Baltimore and

Mr. C. W. G r,een, of Roxbury, Mass., has eltab Iished an improved egg factory, which produced 500 eggs per mOl .th during the coldest weather.­He keeps his hens in a warmed house.

An exchange paper sayll it is as hard to tell when moderate d rinking ends and drunkennel!!8 be�ins, as to tel l when a pig ceases to be a pig and becomes a hog. A fair comparison. -____ .,N#� Ohio road, and calculated to divert the Pittsburg

B A · d The London papers, �enerally, speak in high IMPR O V EMENT FOR LAG KSMITH S.- n Improve trade to Baltimore. This road is the favorite with article called a Tew Iron has been invented and terms of praise of the gallantry of Gen. Taylor and introduced by a Mr. Brown, of Louisville, l{y.- the American army, while the Mexicans are looked This tew iron conveys to the blast an unbroken co- upon as boisterous and cowardly.

� NORWICH SUBlleRIBERs.-Those of our subscri-

ber. at Norwich Ct., who have delayed payment of their lubllcription lor the second half year, are rellpectfully requested to pay the same to our agentl Meslrs. Safford and Parks, without further delay ; they havini for some time past, furni8hed the pa­pera to subscribers on their own responsibility.

lumn to the centre and under the fire, which thence 'fhe heat of the weather for a lew days had been escapin g from every point in a continuous current, intense, almost beyond pl ecedent, both i n England preduces 8. steady, vivid Ilnd intense heat upon the and in France : many had fallen under what is iron wrought, without any l iability to burn or melt, termed coup-l,e-801eil, or sun· stricken. in one part more than another. There is also said There appears to exist in general much good to be a great saving of' fuel ; but as no particular de- feeling towards this country, and no apprehension scription is given, we can not judge of its merits on- of any interference or otber occurrence to interrupt

_ . .. ..", ... Iy throul/:h the opinion of others. the present fair underlltanding. To CORRESPONDENT8 .-The favor of T . M. H . .

of Wilmington, will receive due attention. Perhaps we shall wind him up a few.

----�·�'��H� ____ �.'�'.�e��N_�---STON E HAMMERING MA C H IN E.-A machine hall Mechanical Movement.

We have duly examined the plall of a steam-en­gine furnished by B. B. L. But it being very simi­lar to many which have been tried and abandoned, and tbere appearing therein a difficulty unprovided for, we must dec.line furnishing an engraving of it at present.

The Syphonic E ngine by T. H. D., appear. to be not sufficiently matured . The principle is evident­ly a good one, but i t will require more invention than we can afford, to arrange and proportion it in­to a practical form.

Our friend " Yankee," of Providence, ii, we pre­lume, in no particular hurry. The weather ill too warm for flying at present.

-_.",...,..,.�##>H __ _

GEOLOGICAL GLEANINGS IN MISSIBS IPP I .-We have on hand a valuable and original treatise un­der this head, the publication of wh ich we shall commence n ext week. To our western patrons it will be peculiarly interefilting.

-----N·���e�"N_�� __ __

CRUEL P ARENTS.-A li ttle girl, being recently found in the streets at midnight, in this city, gave a. a reaHon, that she had not Bold all her m atch ell, and that her parents would beat her ir she went home without sellini all. A nother child reported that her mother had sent her begging, and had or­dered her not to return without a certain amount of money, which the poor child had n ot been able to obtain. The old woman wanted money to buy rum. Why do not the city authoriti es protect the ehildren of intemperate parents 'I

.. �,..,..,. PaOV INg AN AQUADucT.-We have seldom heard

of a finer American bull than was ree-endy reported by the Pittsburg Gazette, o n the subject of proving the Itrength of the BUilpension aquaduct. It seems the natives Wilre bath gratified and astonished at the enormous strength of the aquaduct in sustain­Ing the weil/:ht of six heavil?,' laden line boats at one time. Some of Ollr readers will und erstand that no more strength is required to sustain an aquaduct with 6 or 20 loaded boat� upon it than to �u9tailJ the water which would rest upon it if the boat.s were not there. A wonderful aquad uct truly .

VOLCANO E8.-There are more than two hundred burning moun tains, 0 1' volcanoes , 011 the earth.­These volcanoes are believed to be the chimneys, or vents, by which the gaseous matter escapes that is generated by the intornal fires of the earth. Ac·

cording to some geologists, the fires raging i n the earth are 80 intense, that, at a depth of ten m i les, the earth is at a red heat j at a depth oftwenty miles it is a white heat j and at the depth 01 fifty m i les, the hardest rocks would become l iqu i d !

- � A RECESS I'lXTRA .- An engine on the Connecticut

River railroad, became detached from the passen­ger train last week, and ran four mi les before the engineer discovered the absence of the train. On returning for the train, the passengers were found distributed about the neighborhood of the cars, en­joying the scenery and picking berries, by the road side.

NEW STE A MBOAT8.-Three steambvats are now lying at the S t. Louis, Ky., city wharl, all in pro­cels of completion, bearing the names of ' Gen. Taylor,' , Major Ringgold,' and ' Rio Grande.' One to be launched in a lew days will be called the , Rough and Ready.'

recently been invented by J acob Jenks, of Illinoi8, which promiaes to be a great saving of labor and expense in the building l ine. The machine, when propelled by the power of three men, d reesel in su­perior style a foot surface in from 35 to (0 seconds, which in the old way would require from 30 to 60 minutes hard labor, and then the work would not b e near as well performed. It can be attaghed to horse, water, or steam power, and can be construct­ed so as to d ress stone of any required Ilize, as ra­pidly, at. l east with the attendance of one man, as twelve good stone cutters could perform the same labor. The machines coat from one to two hun­dred dollars.

� R E AP I N G MA!; R I N E.-A ' new reaping machine

and rake combined, is spoken of in the Chicago Journal, as beini' superior to anything hitherto in­troduced. It cuts the grain and deposites i t in bun­dles with �peed and accu racy, Rnd with one mlln to attend i t , will cut all ae-re 01 grain for e very mile tra veiled by the horse to which it is attached. It was invented by Mr. C. Foster, of Laporte, Ind .

�,.,.. IMPROVED LIGHT.-A French gentle man has i n­

vented new and intense l ight for the l ire of marine veiselll, to prevent accidents at sea. The l ight is produced by conducting a jet 01 ox ygcn through the centre of a hollow wick, to a flame prod uccd hy ignited spirits of wine, and iiuspend i ng tl piece of magnesia in the flame. The lantern ill which these are placed has Ii reflector, and the whfJ l a iii secured againilt external i njury. This ligh t i� al -110 reco mmended lur railroad 10c.olI\ot ive� .

--.,.,..,.,.,.� . .,.,.,,-.. -- --T H E PARDON ING POWF. R.- I t appear_ by Il recent

report of the Secretary of S tate, thnt R large por­tion of the convict. whieh havc been scntcnced to the S tate Prisons withiu the last five years, have been pardoned by the different governors of' the S tate. What bargains were made or how much it cost each lor his l iberty is not reported ; but some people take the l iberty to suspect that those burglars robbers and 8\\ i ndlers who have been the most successtiJ I at. t heir trades, staud the hesl chance; and it is quite certain that thc expen.;e to the state ofconvictinl! the whole num bcr-477- m ust have been (;oniliderable, and might as well have been thrown away Rs to have been used in thuB mocking Justitce. '1'1 ,e number pardoned in 1840 was 55 ; in 184 1,-59 ; in 1842,-95. 1843,-88. 18'14,-85. 1844,-95; i n all 4-77.

-�-T H E U N I VF.RSAl. A I.PHABET, BY J. V. W.-We

o we our readers an apology for allowing this subject so large a space i l l our l aBt nu mber , but consider­ing the subject i mportant, and one which is enga­ging considerable atten tion at prescu (, we were persuaded to allow the au thor to tell the whole sto­ry in one number. Thllt the EnglislJ orthography is very imperfect, aud reqtIires improvement, is ad­mitted by all ; and it is well to have the attention of the public called to the Bubjec.t ; but we are not pre­pared to decldc that the i m}lrOVements proposed by J. V. "V. arc so perfect and u llCxceptionable as to be readily adopted, or lIIect w ith general approba· tion. We shal l present our own views 011 the sub­ject, with illustrations, in a fu ture l Iumber.

P. S . Since the abo ve was in type, we have re­ceived the communication, w hich will be found in another column, signed Hesperus,' and which takes up the subject so underlOtand ingly, that we could not refuse it a place.

�-- "#I.� GOUGH AT WASHINGTON.-A VV'ashillgtoll paper T H E A RMY A N D T H E WAR -Letters from Ma-

says :-' John B. Gough is here giving lectures to tamoras represent a rather pleasant state of affairs crowded audiences,-the people listen attenti vely- in that city. The Yankee merchants who have reo and at the conclusion of onc of his discourses, they cently established bUsiness, are selling various sta ­generally retire to the grog:·"hopR for juleps, and pie articles at le�s than half the price6 formerly other fashionable beverages. charged by the Mexican merchants, and the inhabi ·

- --.,.,.,..,.,.,,-� ... --.-FIGHTING ON TH E I R OWN HooK.-Capt. Lums- tants are flocking to buy goodll as if they thought

den's company of mounted men havo pr occeded to it was thei r last opportunity. The Mexieam; ap­the Rio Grande without authority or acceptance of pear to be well pleased with their new neighbors, the government. Some of the ' Talladejo boys ' ��d �esire to have the �rmv

. remain there or to join

of Alabama have gone off in the same manner to It ID Its march to MeXICO city. Many 01 the sol-the camp. diers are determined to settle in that country.

�"""",._- I It is said that Gen. Paredes has left the ci ty of S LAVE RETORNED.-A New Orleans paper states

I Mexico with an army of' 15,000, destined to operate

that a black lellow who had bee,i � i berated.

from against our forces ill Matamoras. Gen. Taylor wi l l slavel'Y some years ago, a n d has sOjourned III s e - I have at least 10,000 mell, ar:u.l will b e able to meet vera! northern States, recently retu rned to his for- I any force that Paredes can muster. A report i ij mer owner, requesting to be receivefj a� a Flave ; he current that Gen. Taylor had received despa tches having got tired of his liberty. by express, from the Mexicans, suing for peace ;

-� VERY LIBERAL.-A Vermont editor ad vertiJ!lell but this report wan ts confirmi ng.

that there are lots of beautifu l girl;; promenading the principal street of his village, and that any per­son who will subscribe for h is paper and pay in ad­vance, may have- the privilege of looking at thei r

�..,.,.,.,---IN AU REARi:!.-Through some l i ttle oversight of

our derk, one of our subscribers hall received sevc­ral numbers of the " Scientific," beyond the term for which he had paid in advance. I� that you rea-pretty faces.

• _",.,..,..__ der 'l If so, just please to square up the balance, AGES OF THE GENERALB .-Gen. Gaines, it is said and add another advance payment. But, really,

ill about sixty-nine years of age ; Gen. Scott about we did not think i t was you, or we would not have • ixty-four ; and Gen. Taylor fifty-six. I said anything about it.

.. we .... , The Rack and Wheel ;-a eimple method of con­

verting a rotary to a rectilinear motion, or vice ver­la. The principle of Lhis movement is applied to moving the carriage, o f ilaw-mills ; il is also used in engine-lathes and various other machinery. But as a rack cannot be supposed to be endless, the motion of die wheel or pinion must necessarily be occa· lionally reversed. The conversion 01 the rectili­near motion to the rotary, by this method, is less frequently practilled, but hal sometimes been ap­plied to working d rills, which require a recipruca­ting rotary motion. The rack and pinion hae been lately introduced on railroads (0 enable the engine to aSC8ud hil ls w ith its load. In this case, the .hut of the wheels constitute the pinions, and the rack­railfl being elevated, the rims .of the driving wheel;; are rel ieved, and their weight is sustained by the racks, thus gi v ing the engine an extraord inary ad­vllntage.

----�.��y�. � • .,�,���. ---Science of Mechanics.

(Continutd from No. 4 ! .)

B E D C H C D

�� STf: lINGTII O F 'l' I M B E R.-The strength and e-apa·

city of timber under certain circumstances, wtue briefly shown and explained in our last nurnber.­we .hall now proreed to i l lustrate ccrtain combina­tions of timber on the principle of bracel, and show the capacity thereof a8 ordinarily applied to the construction of' bridieil, &c. Suppose the horizon­tal beam to be of' ash or oak ten inches square and tifty feet 10Ilg, and perfactly united to the beam and to each other at all points of contact. Suppose al­so that the points at which the braces B, come in contact with the abutments, are tcn feet below the beam, and that the elevation of the posts E, is also ten feet : then the braces B, wil l sustain a weight of about 60,000 Ibs each ; and the braces C C, with thc aid of the braces D D, will sustain a weight of about 120,000 Ib6. each : making in all a support of 360 000 Ibll. or about 350 tons for a parallel pair of setts vI' beams and braces. This bridge be ing thus supported, F F. the eentre section would hardly need any connection with the end sections or the bridge, but way merely res t on them as it it would on two piers ; yet it is better to have the. beams continuous and well spliced . T h e centre section may have the simple support oj' four short braceil meeting at the post H. It will he �eeIl at a glance that m uch additional strength may be ad· ded �y additional braces in different positions ; and it seems to be the policy of some bridge makers to combine ae many braces in as many d ifferent posi­tions as po!sible ; but our object is to show that tbese lew braces, arraDged, as here represented, Will support more weight in proportion to the quan­tity of timber, than any ather com b ination, the height of the posts and 1enllth of the span b lling considered. "Ve would not be understood to pre­sent this arrangement ail the most judicious model for a brid ge, but merely to illustrate principles.­The only rational arguments that can be brouiht up in favor or a seriea 01 short braces, crossing and intersecting each other, is that they su pport each other against trem bling and crippling, and that short braces are not 190 easily crushed as tho�e of greater length. On this account there mlly be some advantage d�rived from a combination of long and short braces, or at least of a few vertical and l ate. ral supports to the long braces which contribute support by the crush resistance. But the upper b races which support by tlle strength of d raught, have no oce-asion for any cros� braces or lateral supports. 'r he strength of iron braces for br idges or floor" are to be calculated on the principle a bove illustrated, as will be shown in our next .

(fo be continued.) -�8"""'."""""""- -·

Til E FRll I 'l'R O t' SIN.-Mr. Grund, writing from Europe give� a sickening picture of t h e state or society and mora].. in Berlin, Germany. He !:>tates that the city contains 12,000 criminals ; 1 0,000 sick with d iseases prod uced by vice ; 10,0('0 prosti tutes : 2000 illegitimate child ren (annually ;) 1000 l iving in almy houses ; 6000 paupers ; 200 prisoners or the police ; 1500 orphans ; 6000 sick in hospitals ; 2000 eonvicti of houses of correction, and 4000 beggars. It is probable that three-fourths of this wretchedness might be prevented by the prohibition intoxicating liquors.

the citizens of Pittsburg. LITTLE MIAMI RAILROAD.-There it! a rapid in·

crease of businesl!I on this Road, and eventually it must become the main route of Eastern travel from the West and South-west. In a few weeks i t will · b e open t o Springfield, the termination o f this road where it intersects with the Mad River and Lake Erie Road. The Summer arrangement is now completed, connecting at Sand usky City with a dai­ly line of steamboats to Buffalo, so that travellers lIleet with no detention.

PORTLA ND AND MONTREAL RAILRoAD.-1'he con­struction of thjs road is now lairly under way at both ends "f the line. The route for abo u t thirty miles from Montreal has been definitely located, aad is ready for contracts. At the south end ground has been broken, and preparations are made lor lor­warding the work with energy.

HUDSON RI VER RAILRoAD.- W e hear but little said recently on this subject, but are informed that the Director!! and Commissioners have delayed opening books of subscription in order to present to the publi� such statements, bailed on cri tical sur­veys, and other data, as will induce a very general subscription to the IItock, when the books are open­ed for that purpose : and tllat they express perfect confidence in the e ntire success of this important work.

NoaTHERN RAILRoAB.-The first allnual report of the Direetors of' the Northern Railroad- the railroad from Concord, N. H., to the western bank of Connecticut river, near the mouth of White rio ver-has been published. The route is 68 miles in length, and the ma ximum grade is fifty teet to the mile. Considerable progress haa been made in the work, and at this time about 1200 hands are em­ployed upon the line. It is expected that the low· er eightecn mi les -from Concord-will be completed thil! year.

Close and continual application of mind produ­ces a kind of d istance and abstraction of manners which is often m istaken fo r haughtiness. S ome wise man said that.

T h e way to prevent getting crossed in love, is to love very moderately till you have made lure of your ohjec� and then let on all you know. So say. the Sunday Atlall-

All cX��� been re­cently erected in Richmond, Va. It is said that lome of the women earn ei�hty cents per day : but whe­ther they receive it, report does not say.

The villa�f�h in 1827 cOlltained only 330 inhabitants, now numbers 3,400. 1'h;6 ex tensi ve increase is attributable to the WeI­land Callal.

A pap�r in P��red men,

says that " if a white girl is lober, careful and in­dUstriouB, she should be as much respocted and ta­ken care of as a colored woman."

-�� Iron castings m,By be bronzed by thorou�h clean-

ing, and subsequent immersion in a solution of lul­phate of copper, when they acquire a coat of the latter metal. T hey must be then waahed in water.

A cario���ured at Chicago, Ill., \vas l ately shipped Irom that port for Wisconsin Territory. The circum.tance attracted much at­tention and dre w BOlDe quaint remark..

A larg;� through the walls of a d welling hous:! in Greenfield, MalS., by a blast Or! tho new railroad. It is reported as <tU iUlitance of hoUle·breakina.

Thc best mode of c�an8iHg jewelry or gold orna­ments, is to wash it with castile soap-suds contain­ing ten l h ops of' ammonia (illl volatile) to a gill of water.

A 1\1Ich��culty of procuring the improved agricultural machines, par­ticularly the horse-rake. Some Yankee plow rna­kerl!! m ight do well in that State.

VERMONT AND MASSACHUBETTS RAILltoAD.- We learn that a contract has been made by the Direct­orll of this corporation for iron sufficient to lay fou r­teen miles of their track between Fitchburg and Athol, at the low rate of $76 50 per ton. A rich 100I i

'I� 'E'��I��;j�;-;;um equal

LIilXINGTON (MAs8.) RAILRoA D . -The grading of to $1 15,000 for the purpode of eltablillhing two. new this rQad is completed, and every thing is ready for Bi,hopriel ; one at the Cape ef Good Hope and

the e ther at Australia. laying the r ails. T he rails have been made at the __ �� ��,� ____ _

Montour works in Penullylvania, and has probably A gentleman in Charleston, S.C., has invented a arrIved ere this, at Charlestown, and will be laid Phoneti" 'l'e IAitraph which conveys intelligence by with all possible d ispatch. lounds. It requires several wires, and is not . es-

��e""'- teemed a very valuable improvement. Jumbl e.

One Df the greatest crimes of thc clergy is said The wires or the Magnetic Telegraph have in to consist in neglecting to denounce in the most some iustances, indicated the approach 01 a thunder pointed terms the sin of cheating t he printers.-- storm, by a spasmodic action, two hours before the In 1787 there were 32,000 females confined for life clouds appeared. in the variou� convents of Spain.--T wo hund red

I A Lril.d�sma;i�;����mself to

clocks per ,da! are rnlin�factllred at the severa l be a seven-shilling piece, advertised himself thus : manufac�ofIes 10 ConIlectlcut.--The Nashua, N. ' If my wife ever presents me in payment don't H., manufacturiug Corporations make semi-annual changc me.'

d ividends of ten per cent.--Th� planet Venus �� may now be seen by the naked eye, between 8 and T rle appropriations in E�glaDd for the army and 1 1 o'clock in the morning, fifty or sixty degrees in navy, lind the p�y-1llent of IOterest on the National advance of the sun .--The highest tax paid by Deb L, for the r.Ul'rent year, is upwards of two hun­one ind ivid ual in Boston is $6,507 ; �be higheilt in dred and t wenty·five millions of dollars.

-��

New-York is about 34,000 ; the highest in Cincin- A steamer is being built at Wilmington, Del., to nati not far from $8,000.--Pat '1'001 has been be propel led by McConnell's propellers, and is ex­held to bail i II Cincinnati, lor menacing his wife. pee ted to accomplish 2S miles per hour. There may He must be a poor tool .--The establiijhment of be d isappointments. telegraphic lines has the effect to start up several '--_V��V�� __ V_Vy � �� __

The lurniture of Gen. Arista, which was captured daily papers, in places wherc such things were not by the A m ericans, consisted .of a silk bed and cur­thouiht of until recently.--The N. Y. E vangel-ist ad mits that the world is ahead of the church in tains, and a variety of sil ver plate, strongly con­moral relorm, and admonishes the church to come up to the standard of the world.--A fellow in Albany hus been sent to the house of correction for 60 d ays, because he bad a good trade but was too lazy to work.--The number of emigrants from Europe to the United S tates, is estimated, fo r the present year at about 200,000.--. Three horses have lateley been killed, by the enginea on the Eastern railroad near Boston.-- Gen Vega has asked permission to visit different parts of the U. S. It is thought the request will be granted.

�� B E N E VOLEN G E.- Under this absurd head, we find

i n several of our exchanges, an account of several large bequests of money, madc in the will of a de­ceased rich man in Newark. Now in the name of all common sense, we should like to know what benevolence there can be in the donations of hoard. ed wealth to missionary societies and Presbyterian chu rches, by a dying old bachelor who had hugged hiB riches as long as he could possibly control and keep it from doing any good : or all cases in this hypocritical world, we know ofnoue more:decidedly contemptible, under the pretention of Jiberality .

A POWERFUL DElI-IONSTRATION.-·" Yes, Mr. C hairman," said a modern poli tical orator, " I re­peat the d eclaration-I do not believe there is a man, woman, or child in this house, who has arri­ved at the age ofliny years, and upwards, but what has fel t this truth thuude ring throullh theil' brains for centuries-I don't !"

�##,.,.,,.,.,---WOODEN PAVEME NTs.-A part of State street,

Boston, is beiu;.f paved with chesDut blocks. The blocks are of improved shape, and are said to be kiall ized with a solutien of corrosive sublimate.­We are not yet. fully prepared to believe that the sublimate is any more effectual as a preservative than various other cheaper saline preparations .

trastin g with Gen. Taylor's furniture. T h e expen8e� country

ill esti mated at $200,000,000 per annum : quite enough to balance all the benefits derived from the credit system. ���--

Fruit of monstrous size, Bueh liB gooseberries three inches in �ircumference, and strawberrieil about the size of eggs, CQr\tinue to be rellOrted in ou r western exchanges.

.--� T here arc now living in Hadley, Malil., and with­

in thirty rods of each other, five persons whose uni ted ages amonnt to four hundred and thirty-five years.

Timothy Pi l ls burg was formerly a representa­tive lI'om Eastport, Me.; he is now a representative in CongreEs from Texas, the 0ppoilite extreme of the Uilion.

Two t���t-;peed, on the Troy and Schenectady railroad last week, met and smashed each other to pieces. No person was killed .

F i ve j udges were recently imprisoned at Frank­fort, Ky., for refusing to appear berore the Court of Appeals, and show cause why a jailor whom they had d ischarged, should not be restored.

During a thunder storm last week a house was struck by l ightning ill Portsmouth, N. H., and a cat was killed in the arms of one of i ts inmates without

I nj u ring the person who held it. ---���

Pa trick O'Brien, who was recently pardoned by the Connecticut Legislature, made his escape from the S tate Prison before the notice of his pardon had reached the prison.

.--- -����-.-

An expert bottle maker at the English manufac­tories, will begin and finish fifteen hundred bottles n ten hours, with the aid of Ii blower and iatherer.

© 1846 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC.

There is a God ! Deny it not ! there is a Go!l

Who watches o'er the earth, By whose Almighty power 'twas forme!1

And ushered into birth .

His power is felt in every clime, Wherever man has trod,

And aU his works proclaim and chime " There is-there is a God !"

Go to the solemn solitudes

Where Nature holds her reign,

In all her grandeur wild and rude, O'er valley, h ill, and plain ;

Or to the mountain's tow'ring peblu;

That pierce the passing cloud,

And all, tho' silent, plainly speak­" There is-there is a God ! "

The whispering 1:ephyr, lind the winds The howling tempests send,

The flowers that bloom and birds that sing, The glorious faith defend ;

The brook that ripples on its way,

And cnscade roaring loud, In uoiion with conscience, say

.. There is-there is a God !"

Who that beholds the starry sk ies,

Or yet the glorious RU n, Or hears the ocean's roar, denies

There is a rulin//: ONE 1 When lightnings flash and thunders break

Beneath Jehovah's nod ;

When heaven frowns, that heart will quake

That doubt &-" There is a God !" When death with stealthy stefl has come

In all his dreaded gloom,

And taken from our happy home A loved one to the tomb ;

And when we've seen that loved one laid

Beneath the silent Eod,

Has not the bleeding bosom said

" There is-there is a God !" When in adversity's dark hour­

When love of earth has �ped,

And earthly pleasu res and their pow'r

To please the heart have fled ;

Or when in hopeles8 grief we've groaned Beneath afflictions rod,

Has not the heart in silence own'd

" There is-the� is a God I" Though unbelieving sk eptics rail

Agailliit Almighty power,

The courage of their hearts will fail . When comell the trying hour ; When death with unrelenting grasp

The feeble form has bow'd Upon its final couch, they gasp­

" There is--there ia a God !" ..,." ,..

The Field of Battle. The f lag is furled, the cannon hushed,

The work of slaughter done ; A well.fought battle has been lost,

A gallant victory won .

Thick as the forest leaves that fall When autumn winds sweep by,

The dead upon the plain around, Gashed and unburied lie.

The aged mother may no more Behold her son's glad face;

Sorrow within the childless home, Shall fill his vacant place.

I n vain the wife will vigil keep,

Her lord's return to hail ;

The music of the bower of love

Shall be the widow's wail .

The cherished offspring wont to climb A watchful father's knee,

Is helples�, friendle!B , left to prove

The cold world's charity.

The lanrel wreath, and man's acclaim,

Cannot absolve f1 0m guilt ; Bu t li�hter than a feather weigh,

Against the Uft:-\'\ood ovill.

o ye who rule, and whose command

Unsheathed the battle sword, A Judge impartial and all.wise,

Will mete out your reward. �-

Pleasure in Sobriety. Man little thinks

That while he drinks,

And q�ajfs the flowmg bowl,

He breeds dull care, Creates dispair

In future for his BOU). Man little knows, When thus he throws

His sorrow to the wind,

He sows a seed,

Will only breed More deep in memory's mind.

Then leave your wine, Though 'tis d ivine,

Enjoy a sober smile ;

It has no smart But cheers the heart,

And lasts a longer while. --��.,"'''',..----

Selected Articles. QUACKERY.

Malltaccini the famous charlatan of Paris, wall , . r. a young man of good fam i ly; and having 10 a .ew

years squandered a large esta te, and r�duc�d .hlm­

self to beggary, he fel t he must exercIse hIS IOg�­nu ity, or s.tarve. In this state of m i�ld he cast hIS eyes around the various devices whIch save from ind igence and are most favored by fortune. He soon perc�ived it was Charlatanism, on w�ich this blind benefactress lavished her favors WIth most pleasure, and in the greatest abundance. A n �d �oit and loquacious domestic was the only re lllalll l� g article of all his former grandeur ; he dressed hIm I!p i n a gold lace livery, mounted a spleudid chario�, and started on a tour under the name, style, and t I­tle 01 the celebrated Dr. Mantaccil1i, who cures all diseases witb a simple touch or simple look. Not finding that he obtained as much practice as h is d a­

ring genius anticipatod, he det ermined to resort. to still higher fl ights. He left Paris, and modestly an­nounced himself at Lyons, as " the celebrated Dr. Mantaccini, who revi ves the dead at wil l ." T,p re­move all doubt he d eclared that in fi fteen days he would go to the common churchyard. and restore to life its i nhabitants, though buried for ten years.­This declaration excited a general rumor and mur­mur against the doctor, who, not in the least d is­cOllcerted, applied to the magistrated, and requested that he m ight be put under a guard to prevent his escape, 1.1,ntil he should perform his undertaking. The proposition inspired the greatest confidence, and the whole city came to consult tbe clever em· piric and purchase his banme de vie. His con5ul · tations were numerous, and he received large sums of m oney. A t length the famous day approached, and the doctor's v ale � learing for his shoulders, be­gan to manifest !ligns of u nea�iness. " You kuow notbing of mankind," said tbe quack to his servant ; " be quiet." Scarcely had he spoken these words, when the fol lowing letter was presented to him from a rich citizen. " Sir, the great operation which you are about to perform, has broken my rest. I have a wife buried for some time, who wali a fury, and I am happy enough already, withou t her resurrec­tion. In the name of heaven do not make the ex· periment. I will gi ve YOll fifty louis to keep y?ur secret to yourself." In an instant after, two dashmg beaux arrived, who, with the most earnest supplica· tions, entreated him not to raise their old father, lor­merly the greatest miser i n this city, as in such an event, they would be reduced to the most depl?ra­ble indigence. They offered bim a fee of sIxty louis, but the d octor shook h is head in doubtful compliance. S carcely had they retired· when a young widow, on tho eve of matrimony, threw her­self at the feet of the quack, and with sobs and s ighs, impl ored his m ercy. In short, from lDJrn tiII night, the doctor received letters, visits, pre­ients, fees, to an excess which absolutely over­whel med him. The minds of the citizens were dil: ferently and violently agitated, some by fear, and some by curiosity, 80 that the chief magiijtrate of the city waited upon the doctor, llnd said, " �i r, I have not the least doubt from my experience tlf your rare talente,. lhat you will be aLle to accorn plish the resu rrection ot' our church-yard the day after to-morrow, according to your promise-but I pray you to observe that our city is in the utmost uproar and con/ullion, and to consider the d read till revolution the success of your experi ment m ust pro­duce in every family ; I entreat you, therefore, not

, to attempt it, but to go away, and thUB restore tran­qui lity to the city. In justice, however, to your rare and divine talents, I shall give you an attestRtion, in due form, under our seal, that you can revi ve the d ead, and that it was our own !flUlt we were not eye-witnesses to your power." T h is certifi �ate was d uly signed and delivered to Dr. Man taccin i , who left Lyons for other cities to work new miracles. I n a short time he returned to Pari"" loaded with gold, where he laughed at the pOIJu lar creduli ty.

----.,�.,..,.,�--F EMALE LABoR.-The labor of one I)e r�on ought

to command the same price as the la bor 01" a nother person, provided it be done as well and in the same time, w hether the laborer be man or woman. A thousand of type, properly set ill a s tick and deposi­ted on a galley, a thousand stitche5 i n a waistcoat, by a girl, are worth al!! much to a master tailor or printer, as if the work were done by a man, and ought to be paid as well. Those W:iO have em­ployment, fit for woman, to bestow ought to give them the pref�rence ; for there are fewer occupants of which they -are oapable, and they need help and encouragement more than men.

A way with the mean prejudice and jealousy which sn�� r at W01� ell

. for trying to get an honest

l i ving. GIrls, depnve Journeymen of employment, and the latter c ry aloud in consequeuce. A s well migbt the Mississippi boatmen protest against 8teamboats. Say that this or that is not a wqm au's place or a woman's business '1 Has poor womall no fit place hut the kitchen or the fa �tory ? Can her hand wield no implement but the needle and the dishcloth 1 Is she created only,

" To suckle fools or chronicle emaIl beer 7" Was her tongue given her only to sing or scold

babes to sleep '1 The fit place aud the proper em­ployment for male and female are that employ­ment and that place for which tbey are best fitted by. bod ily powers, character, intellect, aDd education.

--'-'N·#�# ... � e�-T H S ISRA ELITES IN GERMANY are in great com·

motion. At Berlin and F rankfort two-thirds of thcm have separated from the syuagogues, to form new societies, and it is thought that t heir example wi l l

FRENCH PUNCII.- Said a French man to a bar-be generally fol lowed. The new 8chool are sup· ported by the gove1'll ment ; they celebrate the Sab­bath of the C bristians, and worship with chauntl, the m usic of the organ, and sermons. S i r Moses Montefiore, backed by the Rothschilds, is about es­tablishing a Je wish colony ill Palestine, and has ob­tained an ukase from the E mperor N icholas, autho­rising the emigration thither of ten thousand Rua­sian Jews.

keeper " Give me von leetel,-vatyou call-" and hesitating in his speech, gave the barkeeper, an il­lustrative punch in the side. " H alla, M onsieur," l!Iaid toddy stick : " better mind how you punch gentlemen." " Ah, dat is it," said Monsieur, " give me l!Iome punch."

--__ N·�,.#�#,.,.�:N·� __ _

A NOBLE Cow.-Mr . . E . Hinckley, Mass., re­joices in the possession of a cow which, during one week in lune, gave 180 quarts of milk, averaging nearly 27 quart& per day.

""#-##w* , Our town is really and in fact looking up.'- Woo

burn (Mass.) Gaz. Of course it mUlit be on its back.

Pitman's PhonOlrapbY. We introduced this lubject several weeks since,

and promiled to exam ine th� different syst.emll in

use to see which was entitled to the preference. This we have done, and have no hesitation in de­ciding that Pi tman's system, for the purpose of re­porting speeches, or faci l i tating business correspon · dence, is preferable to auy otber sys tem that has been introdueed ; but or. Rccount of' an excessive p ress and variety of business, and of o ther sub�ects that required attention, we have neglected .the I l lus­trat ion of this system, til l several of our readers have expressed some impatience in sundry com mu­nications on the subject. We are Il O W prepared, however to presen t the subject i n a form to give our read�rs a chance to learn and practice t h is va· luable art, by tbemselves.

In Mr. Pitman's system, i nstead of using charac­ters to represent the letters of the common alpha­bet, he employs various figures or sIgns to e.x press the elementarv co nsonant soun d s, with occaBsional dots or dashe

's to desi gnate the vowel sounds in

com bination therewith . The several figures se­lected to express the consonant sound�, are all found combined in two quadripartite circles thuB :

EB ® These two figures, it wi l l be observed , compriee

eight d ifferent positions of 1\ curved l in e, nnd four d ifferent positions of a straigbt l ine, making in all twelve ; and theae figures are further d i versified by being made heavy or l ight. thus makin g 24 d iffer· ent signs in al l . Of thill number, twen ty-one are used to expresl the different consonant sounds thus :

3 1 5

"'- / 2 4 1 6

"- I / 7 9 1 1 13

'" ( ) / 8 10 12 1 -1

r ( ) � 6 17 18 5

- ( \ -

1 9 20 2 1

.........",. ,---- -........-;' EXPLA NATION.-l, P : 2, B : 3, T : 4, D : 5, K :

6, G, as i n Go : "I, F : S, V : 9, TH as in Thick : 10, TH as in This : 1 1, S : 12, Z : 13, S H : 14, ZH or S ai du pleasure : 15, e H : \16, J : 17, L : 1S, R : 19, NG : 20, M : 21 N. .

One point of excellence in the application of these signs, and to wbich we would call particular atten­tion is the similarity of the Bounds indicated by the ,

. l ight class of sign .. , to those of the correspondmg heavy l ines : for example, it may be observed that the lIound of P has the same relation to that of B, that T bas to D, or K to G : and there ill an equal si­milarity in the sounds ofF amI V : TH as in thirl", or as in this : or S and Z . 011 account o f this si· milaritv of sounds indicated by similar signs, there can be

"no danger of inconvemence by mistaking a

light for R heavy l ine, or vice versa. (To be oontinued . )

----��·'��.��I'�'-�·,�---For the Scientific American.

M it. E D l 'fo R,-Having seen in the Scientific American a scra p taken from the Lafayette S tates­man, o n ;pelling the word Lafayette 32 d ifferent ways, i t says, if any oth e r town in the United States can be spelt in as many different methods as the lol lowjug, all wrong, yet bearing a sound suffi­ciently accurate to designate the place, 1 D e knoc.k uuder. T h e town of Ald ie Loudoun Co., Va., 18 and can be spelt more different ways, than any o th· e r town in the U . S . [ th i llk, a l l wrong, yet sut: fic ient to designate the place. So says the post· master :

Allday, Alldie, A wlday, Al l Dee, Aldc, Olde, Awlde, Holdey, Oldey, Aul d e, Alldey, Haldey, Ol­die, A wldie, Aldy, A nldy, Aldee, Oldee, Allda, Awlda, Olda, HaJJee, Aida, Auldee, ABdea, 01-dca, Oldy, Ho ldy, Aldey, Awldey, Haldie, Auldie, Auld ay, Holdie, AlIdy, A wldy, Haldy, Auldea, A wldea, Olday, Haldea, A ldea, Holday, Auldey, Aulda, Holda, Alway, Holdea, AlIde, Holde, Hal­day, Halde, A wldee, Hol dee, and last Hawldee, Lawden Kou nty, S tayt of Veqi(inny.

Aldie, Va., June 12, 1846. �,.,..---

RELIGlOUI! DOGB.-Jes5e relates an anecdote of a favorite dog which had been accustomed to ac­company him to church j'- bu t this being

.objected to

by his parents the dog' was once or tWIce shut up at horns to prevent his going with Jel8e j but after thil the dog evaded this re�traint by concealing himself every Sundo:t.y morning, and was regularly met at the church door, or was found under Jesse's seat in the pew. Mr. Soutbey relates that a dog w h ich had been owned by a Catholic, but after· wards sold to a Protestant, continued 1.0 refuse to eat meat on Fridays.

�###--.-.-SAGE A D V I C E.-If you would seek the good will

of the tair lIex , never dwell upon the beauty or any particular lady, however fai r she ma� be, �o� t�oBe present will always conceive that it IS an mJu�l

.ous

comparison made between them and the Object named.

If you r sister, wh ile tenderly engaged i n a ten­der conversation with her sweetbeart, requests you to bring her a glass of water £i'om the adjoining room you can start on the errand, but you need not return., ,You will not be missed."

�'A. Natural Un1l'ersal Alpbabet." ( Communicated. )

An article under thill title by J. V. W., in the Sci­enl ific A merican ot' July 2d ] 846 merits a fe w reo ma rks. Like many of his predecesors in the same field, the author seemed not to have devoted suffi­cient atten tion to the subject. It would certainly conduce to the ad vancement of m ankind, were the articulate sou nds, which are made by tlte same or­gans " al l spel led according to a n atural, fixed , and invariable principle." But the system proposed is deficient i n several important particulars.

For the last twenty years an alph abet combining tbese qualities as far a s the ordinary R o m a n al pha­bet ad mit�, has been in extensive use irt every part of the worl d , having heen introduced by the good seu@e of A m erican missionaries and others. The ch ief reco mmendation of this alph abet is that it is " n atural," i n g iv ing the uni'versally acknQ1vledgcrl powers of the vowel characters.

The system of Mr. W. could 11ot, by any possi· bil ity, be ad vertised in E u rope-among the Iud ians of America, or ill the Sand w i ch, or other Pacific isles. C o m mon eenEe rebels against tak i n g the Ro· man alphabet and peverting a l most every vowel lIound, and the people whom so u mny wish to keep in ignorance, wou l d also rebel if they were honestly in possession of the facts. The people are virtual. Iy told- " You have lIO right to be able to read German, italian, Latiu, Hawaiian, Delaware, or Mandingo properly ; we wil l therefore make you believe that t h e Engl ish vowels, eepecially those copied from Low Dutch, are tbe only true oucs.­We will practice o n your credul i ty so far as to a!­sert that the E nglish I ( eye) is u. vowel ! whilst oy i8 a compou nd. You must 110t be informed that the principal vowels have their proper Bou n d in many English words, as alt in jilr ; E i n there, they, vein, from the Latin vena (mlla in El1gl i�h or· thography) veil (Latin veltt1n) ; I in field ; 0 long in 1/Wan, short i n note ; U long in rule, bm:m, �hort in full, joot."

In Latin, I tal i an, and German, the vowel charac · ter i had a second power equ ivalent to the Engl ish y in ye, and on this account it was lengthened to j, all in halleluja/�, an d iu the Hebrew, the in i t ial of Jehovah iii pronounced as if w ritten }-ehovalt in En­glish. The character j has been }Jervertcd in French, Spanish, and English, each giving i t a d i i: ferent value. Whtln 11 charaeter like this is iuvent· ed for a particular purpose, it should not be al tered, and we would conform to , ; u niversal " usage by re­ject ing you for jtt j union fo r junj'n, &c. i nserting- a vo wel resembling 0 and It in the la8t.

Thc English pronou n I is not a " compound vow· el," being the l ''1iOll of the short '1h in arm with y in ye, whence it shou ld stand ay or aj. I II foreign languages it is usually written ai, as in the Germiln w o rd Kaisar.

T he d ipthong i ll now is ak, and English w in lDe . The word now iii fro m the Gllrman, where i t is writ­t � n n al! j and /wWle takes the lorm ham. I t h; d if· Ikul t to unders tand why some are so anx io uB to rep· rtlSellt two sOllnds by one character, as in the dip­thongs, thus em ploying characters which should be len for other sounds. T he letter q fo example, pro­perly belon�s to an A rabic J ettf.r; and _7: to the Ger­man cit.

The consonant souud in thin has a certai u rcla· tion to that in tin ; so has tlL in they to d in dal/.­N ow if it be proper to retain tit for one of these, tile preference should bc given to the tormer ;

. �nd un �­formity would have been preserved by Wf1lmg dhl.8 for this a� of yore. But Mr. W. throws aside the , . natu:al " order by using tit for dlt, and giving an inapproriate character tor tit ill thin.

The very distinct sound of wh in when, Mr. W. has overlooked or misunderstood. Some thi n k i t equivalent t o It a n d w , a s in Itwen. But 1D i n teen is vocal, whilst wh or hw is whispered ! The sound of ng is equally uniortunate. I t has no relation to n as may be dem onstrated by pronou ncing ni, ng i, ,

. 1 consecutively. Their relation is that 01 t to " . Mr. W. speaks of reading a foreign language as

corredly as a native, but his OWll alphabet will not enable one to write even Engl ish or Scotch wilh thi� perfection . He tukes notice of the length and quantity of the v owels only i l l the �ase of � (00) in rule, root ; and a w i l l law, lot ; wlulst the s l11lJ lar relation of 0 in cone, coat ,. of I i n m ien, meat, alll! others, are overlooked.

'rhe A i n far is not mentioned, or is eO ll fc.lu nded with a in jat, which is II. d i fferent le tter. The 8t ig­matizing of ce rtain articulate sounds as ,. brut l�h gutteral noilles " (ulcrely because we are w i tnout the m ) is in very bad taste, and thc author who holds such local, contracted views, can hardly be a competent judge of what is l ikely to be req� i red J D a univerBul alphabet. He would not be hkely to lee any lIse for more thun one L, and might consid­er that of the W elsh, and the t wo addi tional Polish varieties, as " unwort.hy to be dignified w ith the name of speech." . Now that there is likely to be a relormation 111 o r ­thography, clue must he taken that the system be such UI!! can be adop ted by al l the nations of Eu· rope or each wil l reform its own orthography inde-,

·1 pendently. It is to be regretted, that will st so ma-ny are en��ged upon t his work, there hail been "0 Iittie interchange of opinion previolls to publIcatIOn ; but we may stil l hope that all eclectic system may arise out of the preiient materials, no one of the ex· isting alphabets now before tbe public being likely to be a d opted a5 a whole. H l: sl'LRtJ8.

�'.(! �I!�-LONGACOll-l I N G.-Thi:; is the signifieal t and mUSI­

cal n a m e of a 8mall pleasant v i l lagtl in New Jer. sey, about 15 miles 50utbeast from Philadelphia.­A longacolll ing mail· stage runs through the to,:n, and an old fashioned tavern furnishes longacommg diuners to passeng ers. The lIu m e of the place is said to have been given by some sailors who had walked up from Little E ga Harbor withou t drinking by the way.

�;#"..,.,�� VERY PROVOKING-having conceivea a capital

idea,-written a bright article-put i t in type, and ieut it to press-to discover that ' a contemporary had publisbed the saine idea, and expressed n nearly tne S::lme words OD the day previous.

The MiUerites. Continued from No. 4 1 .

V\' e shall n o t tallow all the various branches and sects of those who are called Millerites, into all their wild, extravagant, and i rrational theories, and discordant sy stems,-at lea .. t not at present,-but br iefly i l lustrate the vie ws, theory, and principal ar­au ments of the few who adh ere to the original faith =nd principles of Mr. Mil ler, but have fixed on ano­ther d efin i te and l i m ited period of time, within which the prophetic periods wi ' l terminate, and Christ will appear i n his glory j though it is perfect· ly e v i d en t , and admitted even by themse\veEl, that however 8anguine they lIIay he, o r however clear­ly they may demonstra te the ('o1Tcctne8S o� thei: presen t view�, i t is i m possible for them to galIl su f­ficient credence as to produce another exci tement in the minds of the publ ic. W ith regard to the ge­neral principleF of their fa i th, they believe that ( all scripture was given by inspiration of God j ' e8�e­cially the prophetic part j and that the propheCIes wer� i n teudeu fwd ealcu l a t ed to be tJoeful and in­structive to mankind , even t i ll; c o m l l J O n people, who d i l l igently apply thcIII selve!; I i ) the I<tudy thereof: al� d that the scriptuf{' 8 having been written by in­�l'iratioll or a Being who is infinite in wisd om, and und erBtood perfectly ii-om the begin ning, what chan­gOb of language would take place, and to what va· r ious translat ions the S criptures woul d be su bjected , c!lllsed them to be written in such a manner as to be as r eadi ly underEtood in o u r language as in the original, or ItS i t \Va� originally de� igne d that they shollid be j and that any person who dil l igently stu­d ies t.hem, comparing one part with another, and each w i th the whole, may u n d e rstand the true ori­ginal import t h ereoi; as wel l as � he deep-learned, aristocratic b ishops and d octors of d ivinity, and not be dependellt on the dignified heads of popular arti­ficial cburch es to expound them. They believ8 that the deep, sublime, and most in teresting prophe­sies , were not intended to be understood by an in­d i fferen t, CH!;u o l reader ; b u t that it ill the duty of every person who call read, to aearch and 8tudy the 8eriptures w i l h clobe attentiol l and with prayer.­T hey belie ve that there i s a class of prophesies, or prophetic periods of t ime given, which were to he for a l imited t ime, sealed up or hid den from man­k i nd ; !:Jut that the ti me has now arrived in which, according to an accompanying prediction, theae re­riods shoul d bfl u uderstood by those who should feel so much i lltere�ted ill the subje::t of the events which ehould take place a t the termination of those period@, as to apply tl lemseh-e! to the Bludy there­of; ann t hat the time fi"Jr the t ermination of those several period�, and for the occurrence of those even ts, is now defini tely u n derstood. They also hold that i t is the duty as well as privilege of all believerH, to i llfo l'In themselves concerniny these t imes ailel thereby avoid the censure or reproof ,

. w h ich was ev idcn t !y i m plied in Reve ral instances III the New T estament ; (Lu ke xii . 56, and xxiv. 25) and argue that a l l who truly love the Savior should iove hi8 appearing, and fee l interested to know what­ever m ay be knowll concerning the _ tillle. They also conten d that i t was necessary for the fulfilment of the prophecies, t l lat those who look for His com­ing &hould be d i�appointed o n ce or more on the subject, that the event should appear to " tarry," as mentioned in Hab. ii . 3 ; and that the world should become 8ettled in secu rity, and scoffers should find occasion to say , " Where is the pI'omise of h i s com­ing 1" And it is said that if the abundant and po­sitive evid ence concc1'I I i l lg tire time, had appeared as conspicuous in 181J 3 .�IH it does now, the world would have become alarmed in a manner altogeth­er inconsistel l t with the predic tion that the event should come as a snare upon the world.

Ar>lOllg the combinat ions of evidence held forth by these M i l l er ites cOllccl'll ing definite time, it is �aid 10 be fu l ly establ iRhed by d ifferent ch ronologi­cal tables--in which al l astronomers agree,-and hy t b e records of d i v e i"� ec l ipses of tb e sun and mooll. i l l .... ol l 1 1ec.tioll wi tll plain SCripture state­mCIll�, that the 2300 days (prophet ic) mentioned i n Dan. v i i i . 1 4 , wrm i n ate in 1846 : a n d that tbis also corre�pOlJtld witll the termination of the 1335 days 0 1 Dal l . x i i . 12 ; but the eoullec;l ion of these argu­me nt� aud c v iuenee� a u d u c e d to establish this point, wil l be give l l more at length in our next nu mber.

( To be CJII!hUC<l ) --.�,.�,.."..,.,.,.,---

BURN ING A Y EAR.--The grcat fi re of July 19th, 1845, is not yet fully extingui�hed ; smoke sti l l con­tinues i88uing n·Olll the ru ins, as WilS lIoti.cd by hundr'eds 0/1 the 4th il;�t.

---""""",,�,;--� --L l S T OF L E T T E R

Receiveu since Jnne 4, 1 849. Hotc;hkisiS & Co, $19, 15: D Cobb, 20,00: Colon

& Adriance 6 35 ' W M Starkj ,l,OO: Thos Turner, 4,00: S J B�w;ne 'Jr, 1 , 0( ); R Morris , 1,00: Wm R o­binson & Co, 1 0,00: W H Hepbur�), 1,00: J H Ma­goffin 1 00 : J T remper, 2,00 : J \V l',uslon, 1,06 : F red�ri�k Hazeltine, 1 ,00 : Joh n Capel, Jr, 1 ,00: HOll E. Burke, 2.00: Abijah S Clark , 1,00: Dr � F Bonzano, 2,OO: · H B Watk ins, 1,00: P. M., Appllll g, Oa 1 00: J C Evan •. ) ,00 : 0 B Butler, 2,00: John W �od $4,20; E V oruB, . 2,00 : Saffo�d & . P�rkll, 10,00 : Frederick H a;;;Jetllle, 2,00 : H Iram Mlllor, 1 ,00. �

I D I G J A Brieu it K Porter ; 1- . !\1.. , Luure , e j F Lami: M�se.; F05s, J W Davls, J C Har�ou r, R?­binson & J ones, Johu Bonman, S C Jennmgs, Bil­l ings G rau t, Hon E d mund �uTke, H L.Clarke, Wm Peeker, P . M., N ewport, OhIO, N H SmIth, S ol?mon Thayer, S P G riswold, \\' A Snow, J . A Lattlll, A S F rench R 1\1 Muosup, FnUlcls De Witt, L G Moore, M�rcus Stevens, B C Phel�s, Johll Le�y,ard, W M Pa tlon, C A Port�r, T H . Eat?f1, J W, 1 rus­lon, Z C Robins, Corn elms A us lin, W H .W ells, J 0 Brien, Chas H<l thaway, J N Gatl�n, W T dford, Ed­ward Donnes C D Wright, Abm J ones, J A Gregg, Jas Fu l len, M F Gateti, T N Caulkins, J G San�orn, Hyde & Danson, C S Wood, L G Moore, HIram Munger, E D Vandenvort, Robert G�ant, Frede­rick Hazletine, E Le Roy Antony, Ohver C Burr, A mos E llis Thoa Lucy, J C Knapp, J R Ba,gley, W T Jaquilh, P M Hutton,O Wilmarth, E C Haw­kins.

© 1846 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC.

G e n e r a l A g e n t s . CoIaft ar.Amance, 28, 29, 30, 3 1 Arcade, Philadel phia.

Hotehkiu " Co., 13 Court street, Boston. I. A. Lattin ; New YGrk City.

L o c a l A g e n t s . Haiae.-Shipley W. Ricker, South Berwick ; C. D.

Bearce, Portland. New Hamp8hire.-J. A. Fay, Keene j Wm. O. Ruggles,

Hanover ; C. M. Smith, Manchester ; J. Buffam, Nashua ; D. L. Norris, Dover.

Vermont.-Thomas Boynton, Windsor. Muaachusetts.-S. Thompson, Worcester ; B. Perry.Sa­

lem ; W. P. Seaver, Taunton ; P.W. Tenny, Npwbury­pert ; Otis Cary, Foxboro ; W. Robinson & Co., New Bedford ; W. S. Barker, Medford.

Rllode bland.-Daniel Cobb, Providence ;H. J. Piunan, Bristol.

Connecticut.-Peter Cook, Hartford ; E. Downes, New HaTen ; William Woodward, Middletown ; S . . Jones, Colchester j J. Hunter, Thompsonville ; H. S. Snow, Meriden j Safford &. Parks, Norwich ; O. B. Butler, N orth1ield.

New York.-T. Dickiniion, Newark ; T. S. Hawks, Buf­falo ; G. W. Hildreth, Lockport ; William M. Beau­champ, Skaneatles ; M. Nevin, 1 58 Fulton street, Brooklyn ; M. S. Leonard, Oswego.

New Jersey.-J.L. Agens,No. 1 Commerce 8treet, New ark I J. M. Francis, Hoboken ; Alfred Walling, Key­port ; Lees Garside, C orner of Main and Market sts, Paterson.

Marylaad.-S. Sands, 1 22 Baltimore st., Baltimore. District of Columbia.-W. H. Ward,Washington . Virginia.-John M. aven port, Petersburg ; C. Har-

bour, Wheeling. Georgia.- Chas. O'Neal, Darien . Florida.-Major J. Nathans, Quincy. Illillois.-G. W. A rnold, Peru. Ohio.-Col . A. P. Chesley, Huron ; Robin30n & Jones,

CillciRnati ; M. F. Gates, Columbus. Wisoonlin Territorv.-Norris Hubbard , Southport.

T r a v e l l i u g Ag e n t s . Clark Selleck. Frederick HAzeltine. Charles Ha­

nltine. Stephen J. Payne. Wm. H. Russell.

DR. CHRISTIE'S

GALVANIC RINGS

AND

MAGNETIC FLUID. This remarkable invention, which has received the

almost universal approbation of the mediclll profession of Great Britain, eomprises on entirely new application of Galvanism, as a remedial agent, by means of which the ordillary Galvan!c Batteries, Electric and Magnetic ma­chine�, &c., are entirely dispensed with, and the myste­riOUI power of Galvanism applied without any of the ob· Jections which are inseparable from the general mode now ill Uge. The strong doses, and at irregular inter· vals, in which Qalvanism is applied hy the machine�, has beeR pronounced, after a fai r and impartial trial, to be tUcilUdlll iKjIWiou., and it was to rem edy this radical de· fect thllt thia new application was projected , which, after unceasing toil and perseverllnce, has been hrought to its preseat state of perfection. The Galvanic Rings answer i all the purposes of the most expensive machines, and in many other rellpects are more SAFE Rnd CERT,UN i n ac· complishing the desired object.

The Galvanic Rings have been used with entire IUC · eels in all cllses of Rheumatism, acute or chronic, apply­ing to the head, face or limbs ; gout, tic-dolorellx, tooth­ache, bronchitis, vertigo, nervous or sick headache, indi­gestion, paralysif, palsy, epilepsy, fits, cramp, palpita. tion of the hellrt, apoplexy, stiffness of joints, spinal complaints, lumbago, neuralgia, nervous tremors, dizzi­nelS 01 the head, pains in the chest and side, general !le­bility deficiency of N ervou! and p hysical energy, and aU nervous disorders .

b cases of cOllfirmed dyspep�ia, which is simply a ner­VOUI derangement of the digestive organs,they have heen found equally successl ul. Their extraordinary effects lIpon the system must be witnessed to be believed, and as a cer�ain preventive for the p receding complaints they are equaUy recommended. The Rings al'e of different prices, heing made of all ilizes, and of various ornamen · tal pattel"Uli, and can be worn by the most delicate female without thc slightest inconvenience. In fact, the sensa­t ion iii rather agreeable than otherwise. The Galvanic Belts, Bracelets, Bands, Garters,

Christie has but one authorised Agent in each city of the Unilln. The only Agency in New York is at

No. 182 Broad way, Between John street alid Maiden Lane.

••• A liberal discount is made · to purchasers of these articles for places where there is no establi�hed agent. A new book on " Galvanism and its Application as a Re­medial Agent," may be had, gratis, at the General Agen-cy, 1 82 Broadway. j une25.

Plumbe National Daguerrian Gallery, AND PHOTOGRAPHIC DEPOT,

251 Broadway, corner of Murray street, New York, (over Tenney's Jewelry store,)

Awarded the Medal, four first premiums and two " high. est honors," at the exhibition at Boston, New York, and Philadelphia, respe�tively, the best pictures and apparatus ever exhibited.

Price of these superb photographs reduced to t hat of ordinary ones at other places, so that no onc need now sit for an ordinary likeness on the score of e�onomy,­taken in any weather.

Plumbe's premium and German Cameras, Instruc­tions, plates, cases, &c. &c., forwarded to any dtsired point at lower rates than by ony other manufacturer.

Wanted-two or three skilful operators. Apply as above. j ny29

L A P - W E L D E D

Boiler Flues. 16 feet long, and from It inches to 5 inches d iame­ter, can be obtained only of thc

P .Il T E N T E E , T HO S . P R O S SER,

_.Il:}J_r�Q.tf:__ _ 28 Platt street, N.Y.

G u r n e y ' s P r e m i u m DAGUERRE A N G A LLERY.

11�:p) Broad way, N. Y. Pictures taken Ilt this establishment are not cxcelled

in this country-so say his numerous patrons. The pub­lic are fes pectfully invited to call and judge for the.m-selves. may6

Book for Mechanic!!. THE .ENGINEER'S AND MECH A NIC'S

C!lJ®OOlP £mr)1@:r� a

Comprising Weights, Measures, l\Icnsurat ion of superfi­ces and solids, tables of squares and c uhes,-square and cube roots, circumferencc, and areM of circles, the me­chanical powers, centres of gravity , gravitation of bo­dies ; strength, weight, and c rush of materials ; water­wheels; hydrostatics, hydraulics, statics, centres of per­cussion and giration ; friction . heat, tables of weight and metals ; pipes, scantlin!!', and interest ; steam and th8 ateam engine.

By J. M. SCRIBNER, A. M. Recently published, and for sale by

HUNTINGT ON & SA V AGE, 2 1 6 Pearl st., price $1,12 to $ 1 ,50 .

jnyl General Patent Agency .

THE subscriber has established an a�ency 111. h i s W Ilrehouse, 12 Platt street, N cw Y orl" for the protcc· tion and general advancement of the rights !Ina i n tercsU of [nventors and Patentees.

The obj ects of this agency are more particular ly to aid and assist Inventors and Patentee� in effecting sllles of their inventions and of good� and WAres made there· with-and also for the sale and tmMfer of Patent Ri ght".

A rrangementil havc been made with a l a lVyer fami l iar with the Patent Law�, who wil l attend to the legal branch 01 the bU8 ineB� UpO I l reaso n a h l e term8. S lltisfactory referencc" w i l l be givcn . A p . pl ications :>my b e made t o t h e u ll llcn;;i ltllcd \ ,rr�"n · ai ly, or hy letter, post-7lUid.

SAMU E L C. H I LL8, a p r 1 6 3m'" General Palenl Agel/ t .

- - - . --- -. . . - -- .- - - -- --A. G. Bagley's Ce lebra t r d Improved

E V E R POINTED GOLD PEN . TH I S Pen received the h ighe�t premium at the laSt

Fair of the A merican Institute, and has been pronounced hy the first teach�rs of Penmansh ip in the country to be infinitely superior to any Gold Pen ever before introdu­ced to the American publ ic. The lasting properti es of this Pen arc u ndoubted, owing to the total absence of corrosibility from any of t h e ink� in usc, alltl the pecu­l iar shade of the n ibs, (which was /irst i tl troducc<l by Bagley, (makes it more pleasant to lise, renders it less l iable �o damage, more eflSY to repair, an(1 prevents the necessity of the great care that other article� of the kind require.

MANUFACTOry, 189 Broadway, N. Y. novn. Necklaces, &c.

In same casl'S of a very severe character and of long · W. N. SEYMOUR & Co. atanding, the power a3 applied by the Galvanic Rings is I IMPORTE R� A ND DEALER!:), not sufficient to arrest the progress of disease, and ulti- ·1 AT T H E mately t o restore health. The improved lllouification in Old Establi8hed Hardware and Tool Store, the Galvanic Belts, Bracelets, &c., entirely remedies this ' h objection j any degree of power that is required can rea. :

11'1), ,1 Clutf am Square, iily be obtained, and no c!lmphd!".! whidl the my.�!eri()u" : (a l. the Foot of the Bowery, N.Y.) tu(ent of Galvanism ;l a n effect wil l fail to be permanently !

HAVE the greatest assortmen t of Hard ware for build relieved. The�e articles are IIdapted to the waist, arms, ! ers ; M echanics' tools of all descriptions . "rilll, limbs, aneles or any part of the bony with per. I Wm. Graves & Sons' warranted cast steel files & tools. iect convenience. The Galvanic Nec�laces are used ' Worrall's warranted cast steel saws. with greater benefit in cases of Bronchitis o}. affections of I Hoe & Co.'s do. do. do.

the throat generally ; also in ca�es of nervous deafness ; Cabinet Trimm ings. Tin and wooden ware . and wilh almost u niform success as a preven tive for apo- I House-keeping articles of great variety .

I '1 ' fi d " l I . Agricultural tools. Paten t Safety Fuse for blastio�. p exy, epl eptlc ts, an SImi ar comp amts. S I A Ii h' . fi J A F ' Ch . t" M t' FJ 'd I 0 e gents, or t IS City, or . . ay � patent Mor·

ns Ie 8 agile Ie UI I �sing Machin!? 11 used in connection with the Gah'anic Rings, lind all i

their modifications. This composition has been pro- , Bounced by the French C hemist. to be one of the most I extraordinary discoveries of mo,lem science. I t is be· I lieved to possess the remarkable pOlVel' of renderi ng the nerves sensitive to galvanic act ion, by thiB llleans causing a circulation of the influence at the scat of d isease, "nd thus giving rapid and permanent relief. No o t her com­position in chemi�try is known to produce the same effect or to impart 11 s imi lar p ro[Jerty to the nervous system by means of all outward l ocal applicatioll . The Magnetic Fluid contai ns nothing capable of the slighte�t inj ury, its application is agreeable, and it is as harmless in its ac· I tion III it is beneficial in its result. Full explanations i and directions accompany it . The combined inyentions I are In every way perf�ctly h arlOless ; they are at prices : within reach of al l , and the d isc6vcrer only requests a I' f air trilll, a! a teit of their �urpri<i ng efficacy and perm a-nellt benefit. .

Christie's G alvl1l1ic Strengthening Pla�tcr3. I '1 hele Ilrticles form another valuable p.pplication of the

Il' ysterious influence of Galvanism. They are an impor­a I 18djunct to the g-enuine Galvanic Rings and their mo-

1;I: cations, acting upon the same principle, but haviug t 11 e advantage of more local application. They are con. fidently recommended as a 1 aluable addition iIl the spee. dy cure of rheumatism, acu te or chronic ; in all nervo us complaints, and as a positiYe remedy in cases of pain and weakness in the chest or back , pain i n the side; in aqthmatie atl"ections, and in wea · n ess or oppression of the pulmonary organs. In spi llal complain ts, their effects are of the most decided charllcter, and they have been used with complete HUCCCS5. The, are also of the great. est advantage in ?ains and wcakne.:; of the breast, and are highly recommended fOf many of those �omplaints to which females are especially liable. As an effectual means for 6trengthen ing the system when dehilitatEd with disease or other causes ; as a certain aid in constitutio n ­a l weakness, u a preventive for colds, and in a l l affec.­tions of the chest generally, the Galvanic Strengthcn in .... Plaster will be found of great Ilud perman ent ad yantage� In a few word�, it embraces all the yjrtues of the be�t. tonie preparation, with the importa n t addition of the Gal­vanic influence, which is neither impaired nor wxhausted While the action continu es. These artidcs will be found entirely free from t hose objeCt ions which are a constant • ource of complaint with the ord i n ary plasten; in com. mon use.

u:r The great celebrity and success of CHRISTIE'S Galvanic and Magnetic Curatives, has caused them to be counterfeited by unprincipled persons. T he public are $herefore cautioned to beware of all imitations. Dr.

DANIEL DAVIS, Jr. No, 42&1 Wash ington s treet, ( late 1 1 Corn h i l l ) Bo�­

ton, M a8s . , Manufuetu rcs ELEC RO-MAGN E 'l'IC AND G A LVA N I C

APPAR A T U S .

I mproved Magneto· E l ectr i c Machi ne, and t h l) i n · s t ru ments for Medical E lectrici ty .

Gilding and Sih'ering Apparatuil, witll I n struc­t io ns.

n::T' Davis's Manual of Magnet i�m, 228 page!!, pri�!:.2.5_cts. __ _ _ . _ . . ____

apr22 tf.

..Patent Agency at Washington, D. C. Z E NAS C. ROBBINS.

Mechanical Engineer and Agent for procu ring PA T E NTS,

W ill prepare the necessary Drawings and papen for applicants for patents, a nd transact all other business in the line of his prolession at the Patent Office. He can be consulted on all qu est ions d!lating to the patent laws and decisions in the United States or Europe. Persons at a d istance desirous of having examinations made at the Patent Office, prior to making applicatior. for a pa­tent, may forward (post paid, enclosing 11 fee of five donal'S, ) a clear statement of their case, when immediate attention will be given to i t, and all the i n formation that could be obtained ty a visit of the applicant i n pe l'�OIl, will be promptly communicated.

All l etters on business I)l'ust be post paid, anti. contain a suitable fee, where a written opinion is required .

Offtce on F street, between 7th and 8th stF. opposite the east wing of the Patent Office.

'He has the honor of referring, by permission, to Hon. Edmund Burke, Commissioner of Patents j Hon . H. L. Ellsworth, late ditto : Judge Cranch, Washington, D .C. ; Hon . R. Choate, M as�achusetts, U. S. S enator ; Capt. H. M. Shreve, Missouri j H. Knowles, Machinist, Patent Office. april 2.3m"

rIIT!!l1!J W�'TI'm.£ �mm> ilJ@'ll'�W'a F.dited by JOHN B. NEWMAN, M. D.

Circumstances make the man,and very often, as in the presen t case, tbe book. For years th ere has been a steadi I y increasing interest felt for the vegetable kingdom. Latterly this taste has been partilllly gratified by the litera rymaga­zines, which owe their popularity, in a greatmeasure to the beautiiul flower prints that adorn them. One speci­men a month, however. is not enough , nor is i t required in such connection . A work relating exclusively to the subject, is wanted by the public, and this want, the pre­se�t enterprise is intended to supply.

Preceded by a short introduction 011 Physiology, and a view of the Natural and Linmean Systems, the work will be devoted to a separa�e consideration of each plant.­Together with our own information, we shall draw on the standard works on C hemistry, Botany, and Medicine, combining ;;very useful item of k nowledge, and without lessening its value, present it in a concise and pleasing form . Obtaining our supplies from the slime sources as the bee, we hope to &ecrcte as elegan t a sweet for . the mind, IlS it does for the bod y. The properties of each, more especially the medicinal, will be confirmed, in a great number of instances, by personal experience. To this will be added its history ; its meaning in the lan­guage of flowers j and poetry, either original 01' selected from the gems 01 the children of song.

The whole illu strated by splendid colored engravings, taken from nature. f ull size, and finished in the highest style of modern art.

This work is designed to be eminently popular in its application , and there is enough of that which is stron­ger than fiction about it, to render it, in no ordinary de. gree, interesting and instructive.

Terms.-Thls work will be published monthly, with four or six flowers, handsomely painted, in each number. Price three dollars a year. or two copies sent to one ad­dress for five dol1llrs . A very liberal discount allowed to agents. J. K. WELLMAN,

Publisher Ilnd proprietor, 1 1 8 Nassau st . '.' F u rn ished to Seminllries, Colleges, and locietie8,

in clnbs, 10 copies for $20 a-year. PARTICULAR N OT I C E .

W e d o not intend t o confine ourselves to t h e botanical dl'scriptions of each plant, but on the contrary, divested of teehniclllity, intend to make it a thoroughly scientific work, in all the departments of Botany. It will also give information on the cultivation of Plants and Flowers. In a word, it will comprise the whole science.

W. H. B RIDGEN S . Enmver, Die Sinker,

A N D S T E 'E L L E T T E R C U T T E R No. 184 \Vill ilLlI1, corner of Spruce st.

Namc·Stamps for Blacksmiths, Stone Cutters, Carpen­ters and machinists, steel letters and figures of all sizes constantly on hand for marking iron, steel, brass and wood ; Notary seals, desk seals, door plates mllde and engraved ; artificial flower stamps, vainers and loofers made at thc shortest notice a nd on most reasonllble terms

feb! ! . G A L l' A N I e B A T T E R I E S

Of the most s i mple, safe, and conven ient construc­t ion fo r e lectro-typing, horticul tural, and other

Galvanic Experiments, lor sale-price 75 rcnts,-at the office of the Sci · ent ific American.

E l ectro'l'l ati u g in a l l i t s branches, bril l ian tly e x e·

cuted as above.

A OAMt:! & C o . 'S

' ; tt �: " T E A SOr lJ R l"\ , 80UTH EllN. A N D WESTERN

Daiy package Express. A D 1\ MS SO co. res" ectfully gIVe nollce tbat their

arrangement!. for their various Expresses have been per­fected w ith the greatest care, and enable them to for­wllrd , with the utmost security and rapidity, and ·at mo­derate I'Ilt��, Merchandize of every description.1l

Our Agei.ts III thel!tl several Cities pay particu lar at­tention to the collection and payment of Notes, Drafts, Bills, &c., and all other businee� appertaining to our EX: press . .

In connexion with Me8Irs. Wilmer &. Smith, of Liver­pool, we have established an European Express, sim­ilar in its design MId openi.tion to our AmericRII. Express, and alike beneficial to the Merch ants and Importers 01 both oountries. Custom HoUP.e busines� promptly at­tended to.

Express for the South and West leaves the Office dai Iy, at 1·4 to 3, and half past 4 P.M • .

. EXllress for the East at 1 -4. to Il l'. M . Merchants and others will bear in mind, we run th

only Express Cars between New York and Baltimore. e

feb4 nv905w ADAMS & CO •• 16 Wall stref;t.

Patent Agency DRA WING S al ld specifications of machines, with

other papers requisite lor procuring Patents of New Inventions, will be furnished at short notice, at the office of the Scientific America n. No charge will be made for advice 01" i nstruct ions on the subject of secu­ring Patents.

T E E T H . TH E chea.pest ollice i ll this city for Dental opera­

tions is Dr. Brown's, 280 1 ·2 Broad way, be­tween Reade and Chambers 51.

Natural and mineral teeth inserted from $ 1 to 3 50 Decayed teeth filled with white cement,

and warranted useful for mastication, . 50 Toothache cured effect ually without pain, 50 Teeth extracted with less than half the usual pain !)O

Dr. BRO WN, 280 1-2 Broadway, :1 uoors above Chambers, n ext to

Stewart' & Co.'s new store . References can be had from several hundred families,

also to the medical facultv of the city. nov H l MARSHALL'N " r I-iOy--S-fll-ri�i�-D EPorr. - - -

AT t.h i s Estab l i 6 Iuut'u1. l I Jay he seen the l argest as­�ortlllellt of S h i rts, BosolJJ �, Colla rs, &c., to be

fonnd i n the city·-all .J{ our own man ufactu re, i n Troy, which we offer to dealers and citizens i n general, 25 pcr :ent. below city price�. The above goods hal'e won too Il igh praise to need any pnfling from us. It is sufficien t to �ay that we are now pRtronized by all the principal deal­ers in the city, and th" a bove goods have been generally approved of throughout the country, for being well made and lor cheapness. , .

Just received-.Lin�n ho.om shi rt s with linen couales and wristbands-walTanted-at 62 cents, 75 cents, 87 cents, $ 1 , $ 1 ,25, $ 1 ,50, $ 1 ,75, $2. Also linen collars at 4 cents, 6 cent�, 12 t -2 cents, 18 3-4 cents, Ilnd 25 cents.

MAR SHALL'S, 90 Chatham st., N.Y. N.B.-Northern, Southern, Western and Eastern Mer.

chants, who are making their purchases at the wholesale dry goods houses, will do well to inquire for goods of our manufacture, as it is :�=etimes the case, that other k inds are kept bv them.

F . .r . US T I N P R E S S M A K E R AND MACHIN I S T,

(Removed from 93 Gold st., to) No. 3 Ann strcet, New York,

Where he continues to carry on the above business in all its various branches, and is prepared to receive orders fIJI" all the various Idnds of presses, and other article.� in his line, used in a Printing Office and Bindery, namely,

Improved patent-machine Printing Press ; d itto Washington ditto ; improved paten t Self.inking Ma­chine ; improved Screw S tand ing-press j Litho O'ra­phic press ; Copperplat e press ; Card press ; C�py­ing and Seal press ; E m bossing press ; improved Patent B ook-binders' Cu tting press ; Cast] and

. Wrought Iron Chases, S tereotype B locks, etc. etc. Jobbing Gf all ki nds, done at the shortest notice. From long practical experience in the business, and

personal attt-Rtion thereto, he is confident of beina able to give general satisfaction to all who may favor hi� with their custom, and to execute all orders with promptnes�.

Charges modllrate. A reasonable discount made for cash. feb. 1 1 .

e Best IRk Known, Tho SiZVf!:1" Medals Premium !

At the Annual Fair of dle American and Mechanics' In­stitute for 1 846, a SILVER MEDAL wa.s awarded by each to Thaddeus Davids for " the Best writing Ink known." 500 gross 2, 4 6, 8 , 1 6, and 32 oz. steel pen ink ; 100 gr08s, ditto blue, red, japan, and copying ditto ; 200 gross, Indel?ble Ink, warranted, with and without a preparation in elegant cases ; 5000 lbs. wafers, aU lizes and qualities from 10 to 50 Ibs. ; 10,000 Ihs., sealing wax from 6cts. to $ 1 , per Ibs. For sale, wholesale and retail, on accommodating terms, by THADDEUS DAVIDS, Importer and manufacturer of sealing wax, wafers, inks. indelible inks, &c., No. 1 1 2 John street, New York, and by all stationers, booksellers, druggists, &c., in the United States. iny29

Water·power for Sale. A Rare Cltancefor a Mamifacturer.

The Wate r-mills at the head of tide-water, in the plea­sant village of East Haven, Ct., and within two miles of New Haven harbor, on an unfailing stream of ten or twel ve horse.powers, are for sale at a very moderat e price, and on l iberal terms of payment. This site is sus· ceptible ofa considerable additioD b l power, ,by iocreasinj:( the head of water, if required : and its location is sllch that the cost of transportation of goods to the steamboat landing is merely trifling. A part of the price may re­main on mortgage two or three years, if required. For further particulars enquire of Edwin Street, East Haven, or Robert Atwater, 192 Pearl st. , N. Y. may6.

THE BROADWAY

Daguerrean Gallery.

179 Broadway, N.Y. Miniatures obtllined at this establishment in superior

style, for One DoIlllr and upwards, according to size and finish . Every picture shall �ive satisfaction.

N, B. Instruction given in the art, and the most im­proved apparatus, &c., furnished on as favorable terms as elFewhere. GEO. W. PROSCH. ma28

Engraving on Wood. THE subscriber is prepared tt'! execute

V@®lJD �lWCfil:R£ W�®� of Machinery, Landscapes, Plans of every description for newspAper�, book embellishments, &.c • . &te., in good style, and at short notice, Rt 89 Nas au str,.- t. iD the

SUN BUILDINGS,

and adjoining the office of the Scientific American. marah 26. A. R. H AIGHT.

Rolling Mills, blast Furnaces & Forges, Iron works of all descriptious, erect!'d u pon the most

improved plans ; steam or water powers. Drawing!, plans and estimates made fOI" buildings,

furnaces and machinery, and contracts for the whole or any part thereof taken and executed with promptnesl Rnd de.patch ; Ilnd will also give his personal superintendence in the erection of l ron works of all kinds, such as Rolling mills, blast furnaces-of hot and cold blasts-anthricite, bituminous, and charcoal or wood furnaees, forges, trip­hammers ; iron, brass, and bell foundry, puciling and heat­ing furnaees, air cupolo chaffery and refinery, or let out furnaces.

N.B.-All letters directed, post-paid, to S. B. MER· KEL, Founder-machinist, millwright, dr&llghtsman and Engineer, Philadelphill. Pa. feb l l .

J 0 H N S O N ' 8 lID II JiN il lW <n &'S £ 1LJ CD> (Q) lW a

No. 144 FULT ON S TREET. (Near Broadway) : New York.

BILL 01<' J<'A .RE. Roast Turkey,

" Goose, " Chicken, " Duck, " Beef, " Pork, ,. Veal, " Lamb, " Pig,

Boiled Chicken, " Mutton, " Corned Beef, " Pork, " Fish,

1 !!<I '1 Boiled Ham, 1 8d Pork and Beans, 1 8d Veal Pie, 18d Beef Steak Pie,

6d Chicken Pie, 6d Mush and Milk, 6d Rice and Milk, 6d Lamb Pot Pie,

1 2d Fried Fish, 1 2d Fried Clams,

6d Ham and Eggs, 6d Chicken Sou p, 6d Beef Soup, 6d Coffee,

lid 6d 6d 6d

12<1 6d 6d 6d 6d 6d

12d 6d 6d 6d

Locke's Portable Shower Bath. THE subscri ber hail the satisfaction to announce

to the pu b lic, that he h as p erfect e d , and is pre­pared to furnish at short notice, a portable shower-bath far superior in util!ty an� convenience of management, t� anythmg of the kmd hitherto offered. It con stitutes a light and genteel article of furniture for a bed-chambN", and so perfectly constructed? that either a lady or gentle­man ca n at any moment enJ oy a copious shower w ithout the id of strvants, and withodt haviug a drop of the wa­ter sprinkled on the carpet or floor. A nd by a slight change in a part of the apparatus, the same may be con­verted to a steam· bath, either plain or aromatic. Tht'se baths are manufactured and may be 'examined at No. 3 1 Ann st. JOHN LOCKE.

Dec 4 . _ ... . _-_ . _-----------

Valuable Books. J u s t P u b l i s h e d

By E D WARD WALKER, 1 14 Fulton It. R OMANlSM VB. 7'HE BIBLE.

" It is our belief that ten thousand copies wiJI be 10111 in less than six months."-Knickerbocker, Sep., 1 845. D O JVLING'S HISTOR Y OF R OMANlSM.

W ith 52 engravings, in vario u s bindings. In the short space of six months, this beautiful and po­

pular work has reached its tenth edition-this is altoge­ther unparlllleled in the hi�tory of Amll'ican book-ma­king. Every AmericaQ Prot.tant should furnish him­self with a copy of thil faithfu l history of RomanisiIl.­Price $3.

IMPORTANT NATIONAL WORK. THE S T A:JESMAN'S MAN UAL.

J upt publisll&I' . new and enlarged editlon of P r e 8 f ct c n t !l ' l\l e s s a g e s ,

in two handlonle Tolumes, 8vo.;-the whole collecteJ from official documcnt�, by E. WILLIAII8, Esq.

VON'rENTS : I . The Add resfie5 and Messagel of the Presidents of

the United States, from Washington to Polk ; with a co­pious analytical I ndex to the same, of subjects, names and dates.

2. An accouuJ of the I n auguration of each Presi�ent and a brief notlee of the prin cipal political event1l of hl� admin istration .

3 . A Biogr,apbical aketch of each PrlljdenL 4 . Declaration of Independence. 5. Articles of Confederation with a brief rustol 1 01

the events and cireumstances which W to the u:llon, of the State�, and the formation of the Constitution.

6. Constitu tion of the United States, with note. 81)9 references.

7. A synopsis of the Con"ti tutions of the .everaletatee. 8. Chronological Table. of Hi8torical event. ill the

U uited States. 9. Tables of Members of the Cabinets of the variout

administl'!1tions, Ministen to ForeiKn COlin tries, and otb­er prin c i pal public officers.

10. Slatistical tablcs of Commerce and population i I I . A Complete Index, or analytical table of contents

to the whole work . Price S!i. C O M P A N I O N T O J O H N B U N Y A N.

The fourth edition of' Dr. Cheever's Lectures on Pi!­grim'5 Progress, lind the l i fe and times of John Bunyan, illustrated with bellutifnl steel engravings.

W O N D E H. S 0 F T H E W 0 R L D. Just published, the /otwtt£flth editioK of this truly pa­

pular work,-price $2,50. KN OWLEDGE IS POWE R.

J list publish ed, the tttlth edition of the .. People's Guide to Knowledge :"-price $2 50. THE 1'.n S SION A. RY MEMORIAL-Price $2.

Pictorial History of the Revolution, with numerous plates, extra gilt,-price $2.

NE A T AND E L E GAN T

D e s s e r t . Suet Puddinl!: 6d lMince Pie,

Book .bindin2, 6d Eo WALKE R, 114 �ul ton st., 6d Respectfully informs his friends, and the publie in ge-Indian PuMin/i, 6d Apple Pie,

Rice Pudding, 6d \pea<lh Pie, Plum Pudding, 6d Bread Pudding, 6d ui e ,

6d neral, that h e h a s made extensive preparations for bind-6d ing the " Harpers' I1luminated Bible," in beautiful and 6d costly pictorial bindings. 6d Persons collecting six copies of this Bible, and forward-Apple Dumplings, 6d / Custard Pie,

B r e a k f a s t a n d T e a . 6d

ing them to the subscriber, with directions, will receive the binding of one copy gratill .

Beef Stellk, Veal Pie, Mutton Chgp<" Ham and Eggs, Fried Tripe, Fried Sausages, Fried Fish, Fried Clams, Fried Liver,

6d Hot Corn Bread, 6d Indian Cakes, 6d Boiled Eggs,

12<1 Fried Eggs, 6d Toast, 6d Hot Muffins, tid Hot Rolls, 6d Tea, 6d Cotice,

6d Wanted, in every town and village in the United States. 6<1 responsible men to procure subscribers, and engage in the 6<1 sale of the above works, to whom a very liberal per een-6t! tage will be allowed .-address E .W AI,KEK, 1 14 Fulton st. 6<1 ..... Country newspapers, copying the whole of this ad-6d vertisemcnt, Ilnd giving it six inside insertions, shllll be 3d entitled to a copy of any one of the above works,-all 3d who ma�' comply with the above terms, will please lend

n

AT HENRY R O WN T REE'S old ellta blisbed Tool Store, at the Corner of Chambers and

Chatham streets, Mechanics, Farmers, &c., will flnd fln assortment of good Tools, suitable for almost every branch of trade.

H. R. feel, obliged to his many customers, of every class, lor their past patronage and hereby assllres them that no pains shall be spared to procure the belit articles in all variety.

H. R. bas a greater par t of his goods made expressly for him, and Mechanics, &c., may place confidence in them, haying had the gold medal llwarded him, at the late Fair, for the best tools.

First rate Razors ; Pea and Pocket Knivcil ; Table Knives and Forks, &c.

� Remember, at the corner of Chambers and C hatham streets. dec26

O n e d o l l a i-Port-raTts--156 Fulton street, corner of Broadway.

R O G E R S & S E A L E Y Are prepared, with all the i mprovements in the !irt of Da¥uerreotyping, to execute PORTRAITS j 8 beautifu l and fin ished style.

The fol lowing are il lew of the many reason for patron i z ing Me�srs. R. & S. :

One of this fi rm has been for many years a p 'ac­tical Portrai t E ngra ver, or the fi rst class in this country.

They use the bes t German Camera, which is con· s idered superior to any other, in giving life and sharpncl!Ii! to the expression of the eye. They have their rooms properly lighted, and in every way adapted to the business.

Cop ies takcn 01 Portraits, Miniatu res, Engra· vings, &c. &c.

Plain Portraits, including morocco case, $1 00. Colored do. do. do. $1 50 •

Persons are invited to call and see their own

P O R T R A I T S , IN DAGUER&E OTYl'E,

to purchase or not, at their pleasure. may6.

a copy of the paper, each time of insertion, to the pub-lisher, E. WALKER, 1 14 Fulton st., New York.

Feb l l tf.

J O H N B R O W N . CARPENTER AND PRIN TER'S JOINER.

Nos. 29 if 6 1 Ann-street, N. Y. MANUFA C T URER of Cases, S tands, Furni­

ture, &c. Stereotype Blocks, of varinuG .i:.:es. Box-wood and mahogllny. for E"6 1 Itvers, alway I on

hand. :s tereotype plates blocked at �hort notice. P .ess, paper, alld letter boards, of every de�cription. Book-binders' cutting and pattern boards. Stereotype boxts, made 10 order. Printers', stereotypers, type-founden '" and book­

binders' jobbing WOrk done at the Mortest notice. N. B. Orders from various Ilectwns of the country

solicited, and promptly executed. nov9

Ltlvi Chapman. No. 102 W1I1iam �treet, New York.

Manufacturer 0/ the CELEBRA TED IN£&llll-lJ@ RAZOR �fjlIffi@lP

of four sides. AlBo, Pocket Books, Wallets, <fc.

On the most extensive acale. L. C.'s fadJitiel for manufacturing Pocket Books, or

Wallets, for the supply of those wholesale dealen who buy to sell again by the gross or dozen, are unequalled, he having employed for the last ten yean from 50 to 270 wllrkmen. His present well regulated system of difli.io'Il of labor, enables him to lIupply these articles at a very great reduction, at least one third less than former prices.

Strops retailed at /i'om 50 cents to $ 1 ,00 eaeh, vary­inlt only in outward finish and size-warranted to pleale or the money retumed . jan22.

B E NTLEY'S PATENT TUBULAR

STEAM BOILE RS. 'I' he8e boilers offer the fol lowing advantages, viz. Cheltpness, smal l consu mption of fuel, require

but l i tt le room , and are se t up without masonry or brick work. For sale by SA MUEL C. HILLS,

May 13 3m'" Patent Agent, 12 Platt st.

J O H N W . D A V I S , G E N E R A L DEALlm t N

Daily, Weekly, Monthly, and Annual ll'�l:Rl1®l])l1@�a

No. 5 John Street, Lowell, Mass. ALEX. lIlACDONALD : PRUfTBB.

© 1846 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC.