WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

download WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

of 68

Transcript of WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    1/68

    1

    VDKXFUYKW[ FBYW N@DG@DBOLK LFWU@Q@NKWBD I@NNFCFEYi -M`dy+ I`lqvwkdc

    SGL

    -Sbxfnfdcwm Gkxkyk`d Lvnwkqnf}kdc+

    ID9182:

    2265516

    5125

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    2/68

    2

    Wbenf `h I`dwfdwy

    Wbenf `h Hkcvufy $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 9

    2$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 6

    2$2 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 6

    2$5 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 3

    2$9 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;

    2$7 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 21

    2$6 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 22

    5$ @qwkibn I`lq`dfdwy $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 29

    5$2 M $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 29

    5$2$2 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 27

    5$2$5 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 28

    5$2$9 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 2=

    5$2$7 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 2;

    5$2$6 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 55

    5$5 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 57

    5$5$2 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 57

    5$5$2$2 Nkcmw Flkwwkdc Gk`gfyNFG $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 57

    5$5$2$5 Nbyfuy $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 56

    5$5$5 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 53

    5$5$9 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 53

    5$5$9$2 Y@B -Yflki`dgviw`u @qwkibn Blqnkhkfu+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 5=

    5$5$9$5 WSB -Wubxfnnkdc Sbxf Blqnkhkfu+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 5;

    5$5$9$9 -FGHB+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 5;

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    3/68

    5

    5$5$9$7 Ublbd $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 91

    5$5$7 -@qwkibn Yskwimfy+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 91

    5$9 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 92

    5$9$2 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 92

    5$9$2$2 -Hvyfg Hkefu I`vqnfuy+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 92

    5$9$2$5 -Qbyykxf ywbu i`vqnfu+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 95

    5$9$2$9 / SGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 95

    5$9$5 -Ky`nbw uy+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 99

    5$9$9 -Bwwfdvbw`uy+$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 99

    5$9$7 -Bgbqw`uy+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 97

    5$9$6 Qbwim Qbdfny $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 98

    5$9$8 @qwkibn Iu`yy I`ddfiw -@]I+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 98

    9$ SGL -Sbxfnfdcwm Gkxkyk`d Lvnwkqnf}kdc+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 9=

    9$2 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 9=

    9$5

    SGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 71

    9$5$2 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 71

    9$5$5 SGL -Sbxfnfdcwm Gkxkyk`d Lvnwkqnf}kdc+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 72

    9$5$9 SGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 77

    9$5$7 GSGL ISGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 73

    7$ SGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 7=

    7$2 SGL ,, -Q`kdw,w`,q`kdw+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 7;

    7$5 SGL -Eu`bgibyw bdg Yfnfiw+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 62

    7$9 SGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 65

    7$7 SGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 66

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    4/68

    9

    7$7$2 SGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 68

    7$7$5 SGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 63

    7$6 SGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 6=

    6$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 6;

    6$2 SGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 6;

    6$5 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 81

    6$5$2 , $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 81

    6$5$5 , $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 81

    6$5$9 $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 82

    8$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 89

    $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 89

    $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 87

    $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 87

    Wbenf h Hkcvufy

    Hkcvuf 2$ Kdwfudfw $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;

    Hkcvuf 5$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;

    Hkcvuf 9$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 25

    Hkcvuf 7$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 29

    Hkcvuf 6$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 27

    Hkcvuf 8$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 26

    Hkcvuf 3$ Ub{nfkcm $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 28

    Hkcvuf =$ -Lkiu`efdg+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 23

    Hkcvuf ;$ -Lbiu`efdgy+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 23

    Hkcvuf 21$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 2;

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    5/68

    7

    Hkcvuf 22$ Ywfq,Kdgf} -+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 51

    Hkcvuf 25$ Cubgfg,kdgf} -+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 51

    Hkcvuf 29$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 52

    Hkcvuf 27$ Ykdcnf l`gf -+ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 52

    Hkcvuf 26$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 58

    Hkcvuf 28$ Y@B $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 5;

    Hkcvuf 23$ FGHB $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 5;

    Hkcvuf 2=$ yskwim $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 92

    Hkcvuf 2;$ Hvyfg Hkefu I`vqnfu $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 95

    Hkcvuf 51$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 99

    Hkcvuf52$

    $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 99Hkcvuf 55$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 98

    Hkcvuf 59$ @]I $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 93

    Hkcvuf 57$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 9=

    Hkcvuf 56$ W` -e`wwnfdfio+$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 9;

    Hkcvuf 58$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 71

    Hkcvuf 53$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 71

    Hkcvuf 5=$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 72

    Hkcvuf 5;$ SGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 75

    Hkcvuf 91$ KWV $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 76

    Hkcvuf 92$ ISGL KWV $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 73

    Hkcvuf 95$ $ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 7;

    Hkcvuf 99$ q`kdw,w`,q`kdw SGL $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 61

    Hkcvuf 97$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 62

    Hkcvuf 96$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 65

    Hkcvuf 98$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 69

    Hkcvuf 93$ SGL$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 66

    Hkcvuf 9=$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 82

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    6/68

    6

    2$

    2$2

    $ .

    .

    -.

    2;;3+$ .

    $

    $

    . $

    $

    , -22;6,2=7 $+

    ,,,,,,,

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    7/68

    8

    $

    $

    $

    $

    $ .

    $

    2;

    $

    $

    $

    :

    : 2=

    $

    : 2;58

    $

    : 2;1; $

    2;51

    $

    $

    $

    .

    $ .

    $ $ .

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    8/68

    3

    .

    $

    .

    $ .

    $

    $

    2$5

    $ .

    :

    : $

    $

    $

    -$$ +

    $

    -F,i`llfuif+: $ .

    $

    $

    -F,nfbudkdc+: f,nfbudkdc $

    $ . .

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    9/68

    =

    -F,c`xfudlfdw+: F,c`xfudlfdw

    $ .

    .

    $

    -,Mfbnwm+: F,mfbnwm $ .

    $ .

    -LUK+

    $

    $

    .

    $

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    10/68

    ;

    2$9

    $

    $ .

    $ .

    $

    Hkcvuf 2$ Kdwfudfw

    Kdwfudfw

    5111 65=& sss$kdwfudfws`ungywbwy$i`l$

    Hkcvuf 5$

    . Ikyi`

    5125 55$111 Qfwbe{wf $

    http://www.internetworldstats.com/http://www.internetworldstats.com/http://www.internetworldstats.com/http://www.internetworldstats.com/
  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    11/68

    21

    .

    $ . .

    $

    .

    $

    2$7

    $

    $

    $

    -ykdcnf,

    sbxfnfdcwm `qwkibn dfws`uokdc+$

    $

    .

    -ebioe`df+ $

    $

    $

    :

    -+

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    12/68

    22

    .

    ,

    . $

    -SGL+

    -e`wwnfdfio+ , -Imnblwbi fw bn.

    5116+$ SGL

    $

    .

    $

    $

    HWW,] -Hkefu

    W` Wmf]+$

    2$6

    .

    $

    $

    -+. -+$

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    13/68

    25

    Hkcvuf 9$

    $

    $

    -+

    $

    $

    - . + $

    $

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    14/68

    29

    5$ @qwkibn I`lq`dfdwy

    5$2 M

    $ .

    $

    $

    . $ .

    . . :

    i`uf -+ evhhfu -+ -+

    Hkcvuf 7$

    -i`uf+ $ $

    $ .

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    15/68

    27

    61 lkiu`d

    = 21 lkiu`d$

    -evhhfu,inbggkdc+

    $

    . $ .

    QXI$

    $

    5$2$2

    .

    $

    $ .

    .

    $

    . $

    $

    Hkcvuf 6$

    .

    $

    . $

    . $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    16/68

    26

    $

    211&.

    - 5121+$

    -Wbdfdebvl

    5119+$ gfikefn

    :

    <

    Hkcvuf 8$

    $ .

    $

    1$=6. 2$91 2$66 lkiu`d $

    .

    2$91 2$66 lkiu`d -Wbdfdebvl 5119+$

    .

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    17/68

    28

    -ufqfbwfuy+

    251 ol $

    .

    $

    5$2$5

    $

    $

    5$2$5$2 -Yibwwfukdc+ $ .

    Ub{nfkcm$

    $

    . $

    $ Ub{nfkcm

    ;1& - 5121+$

    Hkcvuf 3$ Ub{nfkcm

    5$2$5$5 -Bey`uqwk`d+

    $

    $

    @M -+

    $

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    18/68

    23

    5$2$5$9 -efdgy+

    $

    . $

    $

    . .

    . $

    Hkcvuf =$ -Lkiu`efdg+

    -Lbiu`efdgy+

    il$

    $ $

    $

    Hkcvuf ;$ -Lbiu`efdgy+

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    19/68

    2=

    5$2$9

    -gkyqfuyk`d+ .

    $

    .

    $

    5$2$9$2

    -l`gfy+.

    $

    :

    $

    5$2$9$5

    $

    $ .

    $

    5$2$9$9

    $ .

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    20/68

    2;

    5$2$7

    . $

    .

    $ $

    Hkcvuf 21$

    -Lvnwkl`gf HkefuLL+

    .

    NBD -N`ibn Bufb Dfws`uo+$ @

    / :

    61/256l: $ 85$6/256l: $ 211/271l: $

    $

    .

    -

    5121+$

    $

    -l`gbn gkyqfuyk`d+$

    $ $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    21/68

    51

    5$2$7$2

    5$2$7$2$2

    Hkcvuf 22$ Ywfq,Kdgf} -+

    $ .

    . $

    $

    $

    $

    .

    $

    5$2$7$2$5

    $

    Hkcvuf 25$ Cubgfg,kdgf} -+

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    22/68

    52

    .

    $ .

    $

    KY@$ KY@ 22=12

    @L2. @L5. @L9. @L7$

    $

    Hkcvuf 29$

    5$2$7$5

    -Ykdcnf,l`gf hkefu YH+

    $

    Hkcvuf 27$ Ykdcnf l`gf -+

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    23/68

    55

    .

    . $ .

    $

    / ;/256 l$

    5$2$6

    Wbdfdebvl -5119. q$295+

    $ :

    : $

    $

    61 Ceqy 211 Ol

    $

    $

    : $ .

    61 $ .

    6 $

    : . 1 2 - E``nf+.

    ekwy -ekdbu{ gkckwy+$ 1

    `hh 2 `d$

    ekwy

    -`d `hh+$

    $

    : .

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    24/68

    59

    $ .

    : . $ .

    $

    $. 2

    =111 $ .

    211 -Wbdfdebvl. 5119+

    : $ .

    $

    : . $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    25/68

    57

    5$5

    .

    $

    $

    5$5$2

    -Ublblvuwm{

    5112+$ .

    $

    -+ :

    : $

    : $

    : -gkyqfuyk`d+

    $

    : $

    -Nkcmw Flkwwkdc Gk`gfy NFG+

    -Yflki`dgviw`u Nbyfuy+$

    5$5$2$2 Nkcmw Flkwwkdc Gk`gfy NFG

    NFG

    $

    :

    http://www.papasotiriou.gr/results.asp?field=Author&ty=2&aid=20&av=Byrav,Ramamurthyhttp://www.papasotiriou.gr/results.asp?field=Author&ty=2&aid=20&av=Byrav,Ramamurthy
  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    26/68

    56

    NFG

    -@ebgbkw fw$bn 5118+$ NFG

    . 2

    Ceqy. $ NFG

    . $

    . NFG

    $

    5$5$2$5 Nbyfuy

    @ebgbkw -5118. q$22;+

    $

    $

    .

    $

    :

    : $

    Df`g{lkvl [wwukvl,Bnvlkdkvl -[bc nbyfuy+$

    : -MfDf+ $

    f}iklfu:

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    27/68

    58

    : $

    : $

    :

    ` -m`l`ywuviwvuf+` -ykdcnf mfwfu`ywuviwvuf+` -g`venf mfwfu`ywuviwvuf+` CUKDYIM -Cubgfg,kdgf} yfqbubwf i`dhfulfdw mfwfu`ywuviwvuf+` -XIYFN+

    Hbeu{,

    Qfu`w -Gkywukevwfg Hffgebio NbyfuyGHE+$

    $

    $ .

    $

    .

    $

    Hkcvuf 26$

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    28/68

    53

    5$5$5

    $ $

    $

    . $

    $

    -dl+

    811,2811

    711,2211

    -CbBy+ 711,;11

    KdCbBy ;11,2311

    KdCbByQ =11,2811

    $ QKD

    -Q`ykwkxf,kdwukdyki,dfcbwkxf + -bxbnbdimf qm`w`gk`gf

    BQG+$ NFG $

    . . $

    QKD

    BQG .

    $

    5$5$9

    . .

    $

    .

    $ .

    .

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    29/68

    5=

    $

    $

    :

    . $

    -$$ BWL. Y@DFW+$

    .

    $ $ SGL$

    5$5$9$2 Y@B -Yflki`dgviw`u @qwkibn Blqnkhkfu+

    Y@B 2;=1 $

    QD$ Y@By

    $ .

    SGL $ .

    $ Y@By

    :

    96 571 dl

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    30/68

    5;

    Hkcvuf 28$ Y@B

    5$5$9$5 WSB -Wubxfnnkdc Sbxf Blqnkhkfu+

    $

    $

    WSB

    $

    5$5$9$9 -FGHB+

    FGHB

    $

    . $ 2661 dl

    .

    $

    $

    Hkcvuf 23$ FGHB

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    31/68

    91

    FGHB

    GSGL -Gfdyf

    Sbxfnfdcwm Gkxkyk`d Lvnwkqnf}kdc+$

    5$5$9$7 Ublbd

    Ublbd FGHB.

    $ .

    $ .

    $

    Ublbd

    $

    . $ :

    -e``ywfu blqnkhkfu+:

    $

    -kd,nkdf blqnkhkibwk`d+: $

    , -quf,blqnkhkfuy+: , .

    $

    5$5$7 -@qwkibn Yskwimfy+

    -yskwimfy+ -NBD

    N`ibn Bufb Dfws`uo+$

    -ywbu w`q`n`c{+$

    .

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    32/68

    92

    LBI -Lfgkvl Biifyy I`dwu`n+

    $ .

    $

    Hkcvuf 2=$ yskwim

    5$9

    .

    $

    $

    5$9$2

    $

    .

    $ }

    $ $

    95 $

    .

    $

    5$9$2$2 -Hvyfg Hkefu I`vqnfuy+

    -hvyfg hkefu i`vqnfuy+$

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    33/68

    95

    Hkcvuf 2;$ Hvyfg Hkefu I`vqnfu

    $

    -+ $ .

    -+ $ .

    $ $

    5$9$2$5 -Qbyykxf ywbu i`vqnfu+

    @

    -eu`bgibyw bdg yfnfiw+$ .

    -D } +$

    $ .

    $

    5$9$2$9 / SGL

    SGL -Sbxfnfdcwm Gkxkyk`d Lvnwkqnf}kdc+

    $

    .

    $ .

    $ SGL

    -Iu`yywbno+$

    - + $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    34/68

    99

    Hkcvuf 51$

    5$9$5 -Ky`nbw`uy+

    $

    ,$

    . -bgbqw`uy+

    $

    Hkcvuf 52$

    5$9$9 -Bwwfdvbw`uy+

    $

    .

    $ $

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    35/68

    97

    5$9$7 -Bgbqw`uy+

    $

    $

    $ .

    $

    YW: YW $$ $ (W

    YW 2;=6$

    $

    $

    .

    $ YW .

    $

    Eki`dki: Efnn 2;38. . $

    .

    . .

    .

    $

    $

    $

    HI: -+ HI

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    36/68

    96

    $ HI

    $ HI

    , $ HI

    .

    $

    YI: YI DWW$

    $ . ,.

    $

    $

    YI

    $

    $ YI

    . $

    HGGK: 2;=7$

    $

    $

    $ HGGK

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    37/68

    98

    Hkcvuf 55$

    5$9$6 Qbwim Qbdfny

    qbwim qbdfny $

    NBD

    $ . 61

    NBD$ .

    -$$ Yskwim+ qbwim qbdfn$

    . qbwim qbdfn $

    $ qbwim

    qbdfny $

    5$9$8 @qwkibn Iu`yy I`ddfiw -@]I+

    @]I

    $

    @]I SB -Skgf Bufb

    Dfws`uo+ .

    / $ $ .

    $ .

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    38/68

    93

    $

    Hkcvuf 59$ @]I

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    39/68

    9=

    9$ SGL -Sbxfnfdcwm Gkxkyk`d Lvnwkqnf}kdc+

    9$2

    $

    -ykdcnf,

    sbxfnfdcwm `qwkibn dfws`uokdc+$

    $

    .

    $

    $

    Hkcvuf 57$

    .

    .

    - 5122+$

    Y@DFWYGM -Y{dimu`d`vy @qwkibn Ds`uo /

    Y{dimu`d`vy Gkckwbn Mkfubuim{ +$ .

    HGGK -Hkefu Gkywukevwfg Gbwb

    Kdwfuhbif +$

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    40/68

    9;

    -e`wwnfdfio+$

    $

    .

    ,

    .

    -ufbn,wklf+$

    Hkcvuf 56$ W` -e`wwnfdfio+

    .

    $

    $

    , $

    -

    . /. $$+

    $

    ,

    . -

    5118+$ . $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    41/68

    71

    Hkcvuf 58$

    9$5 SGL9$5$2

    SGL

    $

    $

    /

    $

    .

    $

    Hkcvuf 53$

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    42/68

    72

    $ .

    $ .

    $

    WGL -Wklf Gkxkyk`d

    Lvnwkqnf}kdc+$ WGL

    - +.

    - + $

    Hkcvuf 5=$

    . WGL

    . $

    9$5$5 SGL -Sbxfnfdcwm Gkxkyk`d Lvnwkqnf}kdc+

    SGL -HGLHufrvfdi{

    Gkxkyk`d Lvnwkqnf}kdc+ $

    .

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    43/68

    75

    SGL

    $

    . .

    $

    Hkcvuf 5;$ SGL

    SGL

    - + $

    57. -I`lekdfu+.

    $

    $ -Yqnkwwfu+

    $

    . .

    $

    $

    $

    $

    .

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    44/68

    79

    $ HGL

    . $

    SGL

    . SGL

    $ $

    9$5$5$2 SGL WGL

    W` SGL WGL

    M SGL WGL

    $

    SGL ekw

    $

    SGL SGL

    q`kdw,w`,q`kdw

    Y@DFWYGM

    $

    9$5$5$5 SGL WGL

    SGL

    $

    SGL $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    45/68

    77

    $

    SGL Nbyfu $

    SGL WGL

    $

    9$5$9 SGL =1 SGL

    skgfebdg SGL$

    2921 dl 2621 dl$ 2;;1

    . dbuu`sebdg SGL.

    5 = $

    9$5$9$2 Gfdyf , SGL ;1

    -Gfdyf , SGL+$

    28 71 $ ;1

    87 281 $

    . GSGL.

    $

    M SGL GSGL $

    GSGL SGL.

    $

    GSGL $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    46/68

    76

    2911 dl.

    . 2661 dl

    $

    26$111 CMz$

    9111

    1.19 dl$

    2 dl 7.

    . =1 $

    Hkcvuf 91$ KWV

    -KWV+$ KWV

    $

    :

    -KWV,U+ -KWV,W+ -KWV,G+

    M GSGL $

    , $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    47/68

    78

    -+ - +

    $

    $

    -ebioe`df+$ FGHB

    -e`wwnfdfio+ GSGL FGHB

    . $

    . GSGL

    $

    .

    $

    - + 211&

    . -Cuffd 5118+ $

    GSGL.

    WGL

    $ GSGL .

    $

    9$5$9$5 I`buyf SGL

    -ISGL+

    .

    51 dl. GSGL$

    2= $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    48/68

    73

    Hkcvuf 92$ ISGL KWV

    GSGL$ @

    $

    ISGL

    -LBD+$

    $

    9$5$7 GSGL ISGL

    IGSL . nbyfuy

    -51dl+$

    $

    .

    $

    GSGL

    $

    IGSL $ .

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    49/68

    7=

    GSGL

    $

    7$ SGL

    .

    $

    :

    -N`ibn Bufb Dfws`uo , NBD+: $

    $

    -Lfwu`q`nkwbd Bufb Dfws`uoy LBD+: $

    $

    -Skgf Bufb Dfws`uoy , SBD+: n`dc,mbvn dfws`uoy $

    $

    -Biifyy Dfws`uoy+:

    $

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    50/68

    7;

    :

    SGL

    5

    /

    ,

    -Q`kdw,w`,q`kdw+

    -Eu`bgibyw bdgYfnfiw+

    -Sbxfnfdcwm

    U`vwkdc+

    -Q@D+

    Hkcvuf 95$ $

    7$2 SGL ,, -Q`kdw,w`,q`kdw+

    q`kdw,w`,q`kdw SG

    $

    . . -Cuffd 5118+$

    $

    . .

    -Ublblvuwm{ 5112+$

    .

    :

    $ WGL

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    51/68

    61

    q`kdw,w`,q`kdw SGL .

    -@ebgbkw fw bn 5118+$ .

    -.

    $$$+$

    Hkcvuf 99$ q`kdw,w`,q`kdw SGL

    q`kdw,w`,q`kdw SGL $

    . . :

    . . /$

    kdwfuhbify -+ $

    , -+

    $

    SGL / - SGL +

    - SGL +

    $ FGHB$

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    52/68

    62

    SGL

    @]I -@qwkibn Iu`yy I`ddfiwy+$

    $ . @]I

    $

    Hkcvuf 97$

    . SGL

    SGL $

    7$5 SGL -Eu`bgibyw bdg Yfnfiw+

    NBD$ }

    $

    -hk}fg,wvdfg+

    -wvdbenf+ $ @

    $

    $

    $

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    53/68

    65

    Hkcvuf 96$

    .

    $

    .

    $

    .

    $

    . -+ -yfnfiw+

    $ .

    $

    $

    $

    $

    7$9 SGL

    q`kdw,w`,q`kdw SGL

    $

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    54/68

    69

    $

    -u`vwkdc+ -yskwimkdc+$

    $ .

    -@ebgbkw fw$bn 5118+$

    $ .

    - 281 +$

    Hkcvuf 98$

    $

    q`kdw,w`,q`kdw

    $ .

    .

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    55/68

    67

    ,

    $

    -U`vwkdc bdg Sbxfnfdcwm Byykcdlfdw USB+$

    -+

    .

    .

    $

    . USB$

    :

    -+ ,

    $

    .

    $

    -ykcdbnkdc bdg ufyfuxbwk`d qu`w`i`n+

    $

    -+

    USB $

    . .

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    56/68

    66

    $

    .

    $

    7$7 SGL

    -Bdw`dkbgfy fw bn 5125+$

    $ -nbyw lknf+$

    .

    $ .

    -HWW}Hkefu w` wmf ]+$

    Hkcvuf 93$ SGL

    M 93

    SGL$ @NW -@qwkibn Nkdf Wfulkdbn+

    -g`sdywufbl wubhhki+$ M

    -ufl`wf d`gfyUD+

    $ UD

    -@DV @qwkibn Dfws`uo Vdkw+.

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    57/68

    68

    $ W @DVy

    , $

    @NW UDy -hffgfu

    dfws`uo+$ UDy

    -gkywukevwk`d dfws`uo+$

    SGL$ $

    7$7$2 SGL

    . @NW

    -

    + -vqywufbl wubhhki+

    @DVy$ .

    $ g`sdywufbl

    . @NW .

    .

    -UD+. @DVy$ UD

    @DVy -eu`bgibyw

    gkywukevwk`d dfws`uo+$ $ SGL

    @DV

    -gfgkibwfg ebdgskgwm+ $

    . @DVy

    -+ SGL

    $ vqywufbl

    @DVy . @DVy

    $

    WGL -Wklf

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    58/68

    63

    Gkxkyk`d Lvnwkqnf}kdc+$

    -i`lekdfu+ vqywufbl .

    @NW$

    $

    UD -Ufl`wf D`gf+

    $ $

    7$7$5 SGL

    SGL

    $

    D } D

    -SCU+ -UD+$

    UD @DVy

    @DV SCU$

    Kdwfudfw. Xkgf` `d

    Gflbdg$

    $ .

    -Cuffd 5118+$

    . -ebioe`df+$ .

    -Qbyykxf

    @qwkibn Dfws`uoQ@D+$ Q@D

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    59/68

    6=

    . @DV

    $

    7$6 SGL

    SGL

    $

    GYH -Gkyqfuyk`d Ymkhwfg Hkefu+ SGL

    . DZ,GYH. $

    . SGL

    $

    $

    - . +

    $

    EFU -Ekw Fuu`u

    Ubwf+$

    $

    $

    $

    @WGU -`qwkibn wklf,

    g`lbkd ufhnfiw`lfwfu+

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    60/68

    6;

    6$

    6$2 SGL

    SGL

    $

    $

    .

    $

    SGL.

    HWW,}$

    $

    . .

    . $

    -ebdgskgwm+

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    61/68

    81

    6$5

    . SGL.

    $

    6$5$2 ,

    . $

    xkuwvbn inbyyu``ly sfe ebyfg $

    xkuwvbn inbyyu``ly ,

    $ . xkuwvbninbyyu``ly

    iblqvy

    $

    sfe,ebyfg

    sfe$

    dwubdfw $ sfe ebyfg

    $

    f,nfbudkdc

    .

    6$5$5 ,

    $ ,

    :

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    62/68

    82

    ,: . .

    $

    ,:

    ,: . $$

    . .

    $

    $

    Hkcvuf 9=$

    6$5$9

    $

    :

    : $

    -Ok`yoy+:

    $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    63/68

    85

    -q`uwbny+: .

    :

    $

    SGL $

  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    64/68

    89

    8$

    $$ 2;;3$ $ Wbdfdebvl B$Y$5119$ $ 7$ Qbqbgklkwuk`v C$K bdg Wykl`vnboky Q$B bdg @ebgbkw L$Y$ bdg Q`lq`uwyky B$Y$

    5116$ SGL$

    $ 5121$ $

    Ykxbnkcdbl O$L$ 5115$ @qwkibn SGL Dfws`uoy Qukdikqnfy bdg Qubiwkif$ OnvsfuBibgflki Qvenkymfuy

    Z{yokdg J$ bdg Yukxbywbxb B$ 5122$ @qwkibnn{ Blqnkhkfg SGL Dfws`uoy$ FnyfxkfuKdi

    Gvwwb B$O$ 5119$ SGL Wfim`d`n`ckfy$ Bibgflki Qufyy Ublblvuwm{ E$ 5112$ Gfykcd `h @qwkibn SGL Dfws`uoy$ Onvsfu Bibgflki

    Qvenkymfuy

    Zmfdc J$ bdg L`vhwbm M$W$ 5117$ @qwkibn SGL Dfws`uoy$ J`md Sknf{ bdg Y`dyNwg

    Imnblwbi $ bdg Cvlbywf B$ bdg Yzbe` I$B$ 5116$ Eu`bgebdg Yfuxkify$ J`mdSknf{ ( Y`dy Nwg

    Cuffd Q$F Ju$ 5118$ Hkefu w` wmf M`lf, Wmf dfs Flq`sfulfdw$ J`md Sknf{ (Y`dy Nwg

    Qfuu`y M$C$ 5116$ I`ddfiwk`d,@ukfdwfg Dfws`uoy$ J`md Sknf{ ( Y`dy Nwg GfIvybwky I$L$ bdg GfIvybwky I$J$Y$ 5118$ Hkefu @qwki Fyyfdwkbny$ Bibgflki

    Qufyy

    Bdw`dkbgfy D$ bdg Fnnkdby C$ bdg U`vgby K$ 5125$ SGL Y{ywfly bdg Dfws`uoy$Yqukdcfu Yikfdif/Evykdfyy Lfgkb

    GfIvybwky I$ 5115$ Mbdge``o `h Hkefu @qwki Gbwb I`llvdkibwk`d$ Yfi`dgFgkwk`d$ Bibgflki Qufyy

    Ebyy L$ bdg Xbd Ywu{nbdg F$S$ 5115$ Hkefu @qwkiy Mbdge``o$ LiCubs,Mknn

    http://www.papasotiriou.gr/results.asp?field=Author&ty=2&aid=20&av=Byrav,Ramamurthyhttp://www.papasotiriou.gr/results.asp?field=Publisher&ty=2&aid=21&av=John%20Wiley%20and%20Sons%20Ltdhttp://www.papasotiriou.gr/results.asp?field=Publisher&ty=2&aid=21&av=John%20Wiley%20and%20Sons%20Ltdhttp://www.papasotiriou.gr/results.asp?field=Publisher&ty=2&aid=21&av=John%20Wiley%20and%20Sons%20Ltdhttp://www.papasotiriou.gr/results.asp?field=Publisher&ty=2&aid=21&av=John%20Wiley%20and%20Sons%20Ltdhttp://www.papasotiriou.gr/results.asp?field=Author&ty=2&aid=20&av=Byrav,Ramamurthy
  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    65/68

    87

    $5118$ SGL $ Qm$G$

    $ $$5113$ SGL $ Qm$G$

    $$ 511=$ SGL$ Qm$G$

    $ ( $ 5122$ SGL/ YGM$ EyI$

    (

    $5117$ $Qm$G$

    Hkcvuf 2$ Kdwfudfw$ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ : >mwwq:sss$kdwfudfws`ungywbwy$i`lywbwy$mwl 4 _ 27 5125\

    Hkcvuf 5$ $ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ :>mwwq:sss$qnk}fu$i`len`cdfwhn`s`lc,wmf,kdwfudfw,kydw,`xfun`bgfg,{fw4

    _ 27 5125\

    Hkcvuf 7$ $ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ : >mwwq:i`lqvwfu$m`sywvhhs`uoy$i`lhkefu,`qwki$mwl 4 _ 27

    5125\

    http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htmhttp://www.plixer.com/blog/netflow/omg-the-internet-isnt-overloaded-yet/http://computer.howstuffworks.com/fiber-optic.htmhttp://computer.howstuffworks.com/fiber-optic.htmhttp://www.plixer.com/blog/netflow/omg-the-internet-isnt-overloaded-yet/http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm
  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    66/68

    86

    Hkcvuf 6$ $ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ : >mwwq:i`lqvwkdc$giv$kftmvlqmu{yD`wfyDfws`uoyqm{ykibn$hkefu$mwln 4

    _ 27 5125\

    Hkcvuf ;$ $ 5125$ _klbcf\ : > Wbdfdebvl B$Y-5119+ 4

    Hkcvuf 3$ -Lkiu`efdg+$ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ : >mwwq:sss$hkefu`qwkiy7ybnf$i`ls`ugqufyyhkefu,`qwki,efdg,ubgkvy,qu`wfiwk`d4

    _ 51 5125\

    Hkcvuf =$ -Lbiu`efdgy+$ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ : >mwwq:sss$hkefu`qwkiy7ybnf$i`ls`ugqufyyhkefu,`qwki,efdg,ubgkvy,

    qu`wfiwk`d4_ 51 5125\

    Hkcvuf 21$ $ 5125$ _klbcf\ : > Ebyy L$ bdgXbd Ywu{nbdg F$S$ -5115+ Hkefu @qwkiy Mbdge``o

    Hkcvuf 22$ Ywfq,Kdgf} -+$ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ : >mwwq:sss$hkefu`qwkiy7ybnf$i`lLfuimbdw5lvnwkl`gf,hkefu$qmq 4 _

    51 5125\

    Hkcvuf 25$ Cubgfg,kdgf} - +$ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ : > mwwq:sss$hkefu`qwkiy7ybnf$i`lLfuimbdw5lvnwkl`gf,hkefu$qmq 4

    _ 51 5125\

    Hkcvuf 29$ $ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ : > mwwq:fd$skokqfgkb$`ucskokLvnwk,l`gfP`qwkibnPhkefu 4 _

    51 5125\

    Hkcvuf 27$ Ykdcnf l`gf -+$ 5125$ _klbcf\ : > EbyyL$ bdg Xbd Ywu{nbdg F$S$ -5115+ Hkefu @qwkiy Mbdge``o4

    Hkcvuf 26$ $ 5125$ _klbcf\ : > Wbdfdebvl B$Y -5119+ 4

    Hkcvuf 28$ Y@B$ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ : >mwwq:sss$hkefu,`qwkiy$kdh`buwkinfy`qwkibnPblqnkhkfuy 4 _ 56

    5125\

    http://computing.dcu.ie/~humphrys/Notes/Networks/physical.fiber.htmlhttp://www.fiberoptics4sale.com/wordpress/fiber-optic-bend-radius-protection/http://www.fiberoptics4sale.com/wordpress/fiber-optic-bend-radius-protection/http://www.fiberoptics4sale.com/wordpress/fiber-optic-bend-radius-protection/http://www.fiberoptics4sale.com/Merchant2/multimode-fiber.phphttp://www.fiberoptics4sale.com/Merchant2/multimode-fiber.phphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-mode_optical_fiberhttp://www.fiber-optics.info/articles/optical_amplifiershttp://www.fiber-optics.info/articles/optical_amplifiershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-mode_optical_fiberhttp://www.fiberoptics4sale.com/Merchant2/multimode-fiber.phphttp://www.fiberoptics4sale.com/Merchant2/multimode-fiber.phphttp://www.fiberoptics4sale.com/wordpress/fiber-optic-bend-radius-protection/http://www.fiberoptics4sale.com/wordpress/fiber-optic-bend-radius-protection/http://www.fiberoptics4sale.com/wordpress/fiber-optic-bend-radius-protection/http://computing.dcu.ie/~humphrys/Notes/Networks/physical.fiber.html
  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    67/68

    88

    Hkcvuf 23$ FGHB$ 5125$ _klbcf\ : > Qfuu`y M$C-5116+ I`ddfiwk`d,@ukfdwfg Dfws`uoy

    Hkcvuf 2=$ Yskwim$ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ :>mwwq:sss$e5eh``$i`lqu`gviwy273=29721,211l,28,q`uw,Hkefu,

    Yskwim$mwln4_ 56 5125\

    Hkcvuf 2;$ Hvyfg Hkefu I`vqnfu$ 5125$ _klbcf\ : > Qfuu`y M$C-5116+ I`ddfiwk`d,@ukfdwfg Dfws`uoy4

    Hkcvuf 52$ $ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ :>mwwq:fd$skokqfgkb$`ucskok@qwkibnPky`nbw`u 4_ 56 5125\

    Hkcvuf 55$ $ 5125$ _klbcf\ : >Qfuu`y M$C -5116+ I`ddfiwk`d,@ukfdwfg Dfws`uoy4

    Hkcvuf 59$ @]I$ 5125$ _klbcf\ : >Qfuu`y M$C -5116+ I`ddfiwk`d,@ukfdwfg Dfws`uoy4

    Hkcvuf 57$ $5117$ _klbcf\ : > -5117+

    4

    Hkcvuf 56$ W` -e`wwnfdfio+$5125 $ _`dnkdf klbcf\ :>mwwq:gmkxbiqw$en`cyq`w$cu511325dfws`uo,

    e`wwnfdfio$mwln~_ 56 5125\

    Hkcvuf 58$ $5117$ _klbcf\ : > -5117+

    4

    Hkcvuf 53$ $5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ :>mwwq://fd$skokqfgkb$`uc/skok/Lvnwkqnf}kdc4_ 56 5125\

    Hkcvuf 5;$ SGL$ 5125$ _klbcf\ : > WbdfdebvlB$Y -5119+ 4

    Hkcvuf 99$ q`kdw,w`,q`kdw SGL$ 5125$ _klbcf\ : > Qfuu`yM$C -5116+ I`ddfiwk`d,@ukfdwfg Dfws`uoy4

    http://www.b2bfoo.com/products/1478134/10-100m-16-port-Fiber-Switch.htmlhttp://www.b2bfoo.com/products/1478134/10-100m-16-port-Fiber-Switch.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_isolatorhttp://dhivacpt.blogspot.gr/2007/12/network-bottleneck.htmlhttp://dhivacpt.blogspot.gr/2007/12/network-bottleneck.htmlhttp://dhivacpt.blogspot.gr/2007/12/network-bottleneck.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplexinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplexinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplexinghttp://dhivacpt.blogspot.gr/2007/12/network-bottleneck.htmlhttp://dhivacpt.blogspot.gr/2007/12/network-bottleneck.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_isolatorhttp://www.b2bfoo.com/products/1478134/10-100m-16-port-Fiber-Switch.htmlhttp://www.b2bfoo.com/products/1478134/10-100m-16-port-Fiber-Switch.html
  • 7/30/2019 WDM Fiber Optic Networks (Wavelength Division Multiplexing)

    68/68

    Hkcvuf 97$ $ 5125$ _klbcf\ :> Qfuu`y M$C -5116+ I`ddfiwk`d,@ukfdwfg Dfws`uoy4

    Hkcvuf 96$ $ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ :>mwwq:sss$wubdybdbw`nkb$fvbdbn{yfy@qwkibn&51Dfws`uoyeu`bgibywP(PyfnfiwP

    dfwy$mwl4_ 56 5125\

    Hkcvuf 98$ $ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ :>

    mwwq:sss$gifdu$c`x$kfI`llvdkibwk`dyI`llvdkibwk`dy/Q`nki{F}flqnbu/D

    fws`uo@QYW/Wfimd`n`c{$mwl4_ 56 5125\

    Hkcvuf 93$ SGL$ 5125$ _`dnkdf klbcf\ :>mwwq:sss$i`dxfucfgkcfyw$i`leqeq2$byq0kgImnblwbi $ bdg Cvlbywf B$ bdg Yzbe` I$B$ 5116$ Eu`bgebdg Yfuxkify 4

    http://www.transanatolia.eu/analyses/Optical%20Networks/broadcast_&_select_nets.htmhttp://www.transanatolia.eu/analyses/Optical%20Networks/broadcast_&_select_nets.htmhttp://www.dcenr.gov.ie/Communications/Communications+Policy/Exemplar+Network/OPST+Technology.htmhttp://www.dcenr.gov.ie/Communications/Communications+Policy/Exemplar+Network/OPST+Technology.htmhttp://www.convergedigest.com/bp/bp1.asp?id=551&ctgy=http://www.convergedigest.com/bp/bp1.asp?id=551&ctgy=http://www.dcenr.gov.ie/Communications/Communications+Policy/Exemplar+Network/OPST+Technology.htmhttp://www.dcenr.gov.ie/Communications/Communications+Policy/Exemplar+Network/OPST+Technology.htmhttp://www.transanatolia.eu/analyses/Optical%20Networks/broadcast_&_select_nets.htmhttp://www.transanatolia.eu/analyses/Optical%20Networks/broadcast_&_select_nets.htm