Waves Six lessons of fun with sound and light. 1. Sound Waves.
Waves, Sound, and Light
description
Transcript of Waves, Sound, and Light
![Page 1: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Waves, Sound, and Light
Chapter 3
![Page 2: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Bell Work 11/29/10
Please get a new bell work sheet. Write each statement then decide if they are true or false, if false correct them.
• Mechanical waves transfer energy through a vacuum.
• A wave is a disturbance that transfers energy.
• An example if a longitudinal wave is a water wave.
![Page 3: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Bell Work 11/24/09
Please begin working on your electromagnetic poster.
![Page 4: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Bell work 11/25/09
1. List the colors of the visible light spectrum in order from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength.
2. What are the 7 parts of the electromagnetic spectrum?
![Page 5: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Bell Work 12/2/09
1. What are EM waves measured in?
2. Give two examples of using a radio wave.
3. Give 3 examples of using a microwave.
4. List the colors of visible light from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength.
![Page 6: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Bell Work 11/30/09
Please use complete sentences
1. Give an example of using a radio wave.
2. Give an example of using a microwave.
3. Give an example of using an x-ray.
![Page 7: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
1.1 Vocab
Electromagnetic wave – a disturbance that transfers energy through a field
Radiation – energy that moves in the form of EM waves
![Page 8: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
How EM waves form and sources of EM waves
• Electric and magnetic fields make up EM waves
• Many of the EM waves on Earth’s environment come from the Sun.
• Stars give off EM waves but since they are so far away not many of their waves hit the Earth
• Technology is also a source of EM waves
![Page 9: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Bell Work 11/30/10
1. What do electromagnetic waves transfer energy through?
2. What is radiation?
3. How does a microwave cook food?
![Page 10: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Electromagnetic spectrum
• The range of all EM frequencies• The spectrum goes from the ______
frequencies to the _______frequencies
• ______-frequency EM waves with more electromagnetic vibrations per second have more energy than _____-frequency EM waves
![Page 11: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Measuring EM Waves
• EM wave frequency is measured in _____ (Hz)
• One hertz equals one cycle per ______
![Page 13: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Welcome to DecemberBell Work 12/1/10
1. What is the electromagnetic spectrum?
State whether each statement is true or false. If false make the statement true.
2. Mechanical waves transfer energy through a vacuum.
3. A wave is a disturbance that transfers energy.
4. Most EM waves are invisible but detectable.
![Page 14: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Radio waves
• Have the ______ wavelengths, the ______ frequencies, and the ______ energies
• Examples of radio waves are AM/FM radio and broadcast television
![Page 15: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
![Page 16: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Microwaves• EM waves with ______ wavelengths, higher
frequencies, and _____ energy than other radio waves
• Radar – radio detection and ranging. Used to control air traffic at airports, analyze ________ conditions and measure the speed of a moving vehicle
• Radar led to the invention of ________ ovens
• Cell phones – radio transmitter and receiver that uses ________
![Page 17: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Infrared Light
• Type of EM wave most often associated with ______
• Sometimes referred to as _____ rays
• You can feel it as warmth coming from the sun, a fire, or a radiator
• Infrared lamps are used to provide ______ in bathrooms and to keep food warm after its been cooked
• Some animals can see in _____ light
![Page 19: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Visible Light
• The part of the EM spectrum that _____ eyes can see.
• Longest wavelengths are _____ all the way to violet
• ROY G BIV
• Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet
![Page 21: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Ultraviolet Light• Has more energy than _____ light• The waves in this range can ______ your skin and
eyes• Sun block and UV-protection sunglasses are
designed to filter out the _______ frequencies• UV light can be used to sterilize medical instruments
and food by _____ harmful bacteria• UV light causes skin cells to _______ vitamin D
which is essential to good health• UV light is ______ to some animals. Bees and some
other insects
![Page 22: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
X-rays• Has a very ______ frequency and ______
• Pass easily through soft tissues of the body, but are absorbed by the _____
• The _______ pass through exposing the film where there is no bone
• When getting x-rays other parts of the body are covered with a _____ vest to block the x-rays
![Page 25: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Gamma rays
• ________ frequencies and energies of any ___ waves
• Produced by some radioactive substances as well as the ____ and other _____
• Gamma rays can penetrate the soft and the hard tissues of the body, killing normal cells and causing cancer cells to develop
• Gamma rays can also be used to kill _____ cells and _____ tumors
![Page 26: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Bell Work 12/3/091. Which group from the EM spectrum has
the highest frequencies?
2. Which group pass easily through soft tissues of the body, but are absorbed by the bone?
3. What can you use to filter out the high frequencies of UV rays?
4. Which EM wave is most associated with heat?
![Page 28: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Bell Work 12/4/09
Predict what would happen if you kept a green plant in the dark for one month. Explain why. (at least 3 sentences)
![Page 29: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Vocab 3.3
Incandescence – the production of light by materials at high temperatures
Luminescence – the production of light without the high temperature. Many organisms produce their own visible light through this.
![Page 30: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Bioluminescence – production of light by living organism. These organism produce light from chemical reactions rather than intense heat.
Fluorescence – occurs when a material absorbs EM radiation of one wavelength and gives off EM radiation of another.
![Page 31: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Bell Work 12/5/09
1. What happens to the speed of EM waves in a vacuum?
2. What happens when microwaves encounter water?
3. What produces the most EM waves on Earth?
![Page 32: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Light 3.4 Notes
Transmission – the passage of an EM wave through a medium.
• If the light reflected from objects did not pass through the air, windows, or most of the eye, we could not see the objects
![Page 33: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Absorption – the disappearance of an EM wave into the medium
• Absorption affects how things look, because it limits the light available to be reflected or transmitted
![Page 34: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
How Materials Transmit Light
• Transparent materials allow most of the light that strikes them to pass through.
• Translucent materials transmit some light, but they also cause it to spread out in all directions.
• Opaque materials do not allow any light to pass through them, because they reflect light, absorb light, or both
![Page 35: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Scattering – the spreading out of light rays in all directions, because particles reflect and absorb the light
• Fog or dust in the air, mud in water, and scratches or smudges on glass can all cause scattering
• Scattering creates a glare and makes it hard to see even through a transparent material
![Page 36: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Polarization – a quality of light in which all of its waves vibrate in the same direction
• Polarizing filters reduce glare and make it easier to see objects
Prism – a tool that uses refraction to spread out the different wavelengths that make up white light
• Prisms split light into colors by refracting wavelengths in different amounts
![Page 37: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Color Reflection and Absorption
The color of an object or material is determined by two factors
1. the wavelengths it absorbs and those it reflects
2. The wavelengths present in the light that shines on the object
![Page 38: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
• A material that reflects all wavelengths of visible light appears white
• A material that absorbs all wavelengths of visible like appears black
• A green lime absorbs most wavelengths but reflects green, so the lime looks green
![Page 39: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Primary Colors of Light
• The human eye can detect only 3 color bands: red, green, and blue
• Your brain perceives these three colors and various mixtures of them as all the colors
Primary colors – red, green, and blue – can be mixed to produce all the possible colors
![Page 40: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Primary Pigments
• Materials can be mixed to produce colors just as light can
• Materials that are used to produce colors are called pigments
Primary pigments – cyan, yellow, and magenta
![Page 41: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Bell Work 12/8/09
1. What color is something that absorbs all the colors?
2. What color is something that reflects all colors?
3. If an object absorbs most wavelengths but reflects violet what color will it be?
![Page 42: Waves, Sound, and Light](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56814833550346895db55326/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Bell Work 12/9/09 – (fill in the blanks)
1. Bioluminescent animals produce light through _________.
2. When light is absorbed into a medium, the waves ________ in the medium.
3. The primary pigments create colors through _____________ mixing.
4. An electromagnetic wave transfers energy through a ______.
5. Most of the visible EM waves on Earth come from the ______.