Watersheds

1. How is solid water different from liquid water?

2. How does the property of cohesion affect the way liquid water behaves?

3. Why does water have a high cohesion? 

4. Why does ice float when placed in liquid water?

Bell Work: Friday

SOL 6.7: Watersheds 172 The student will investigate and understand the natural processes and human interactions that affect watershed systems. Key concepts include a. the health of ecosystems and the abiotic factors of a

watershed;b. the location and structure of Virginia’s regional

watershed systems;c. divides, tributaries, river systems, and river and

stream processes;d. wetlands;e. estuaries;f. major conservation, health, and safety issues

associated with watersheds; andg. water monitoring and analysis using field equipment

including hand-held technology.

Sea to Summit Video (19 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPOVXL3jOhQ

Make your own Watershed

1. Take out a sheet of paper, ball it up and smooth it out 2 times.2. Use blue water based maker to color the tips of the peaks – The Divides3. You are about to make it rain. What do you think will happen?4. Lightly spray the paper5. Where did the water collect, why? This is your lake.6. The path the water took to the lake is a stream.7. Draw a picture of your watershed. Is there more than one on the paper?

Watersheds 173a

What is a watershed? 173b

o The land area that supplies water to a river system

o Also called a drainage basin WATERSHED

What is a river? 173c

o A large stream

RIVER

What is a stream? 173d

o A channel through which water is continuously flowing downhill

STREAM

What is a tributary? 173e

o A stream/river that flows or contributes water into a larger river

The stream is a tributary to the river.

Tributary

STREAM

RIVER

Bell work: Block 1 & 21. What is another name for

a drainage basin?2. Which layer of the

atmosphere contains all weather?

3. Silicon has an atomic number of 14 and an atomic mass of 28.0, how many electrons does it have?

Bell Work: Block 3

1. What is a river?2. What layer of the

atmosphere do planes fly in?

3. What is the decimal number on the periodic table called?

What is a Riparian Zone? 173f

o Filters out pollution before it gets to the water- ocean

What is a wetland? 174 o Absorbs

water from floods

o Filters water going into the river or stream

o Habitat for animals and plants

RIPARIAN ZONE

What is a Fertilizer? 175

o Increases the growth of algae. The algae uses up all the oxygen and blocks the sun to other plants and animals.

Why are pH levels important? 176

o Factories dump chemicals into the water which changes the pH levels. Too high or too low pH levels kills life.

What is an estuary? 177a

o A coastal inlet or bay where fresh water mixes with salty ocean water

o Estuaries contain brackish water – partly fresh and partly

salty water

ESTUARY

What is a divide? 177b

o A ridge of land that separates one watershed from anotherDIVID

E

WATERSHED

What are the 3 major watersheds in VA? 178

Chesapeake Bay, North Carolina Sound, and Gulf of Mexico

How much of VA’s water is a part of the Chesapeake Bay Watershed? 179

56% of Virginia is located within the Chesapeake Bay watershed

So 44% of the land within the boundaries of the state drains to other areas

180 What states and rivers are a

part of the Chesapeake Bay

Watershed?The Susquehanna River:

New York, Pennsylvania, and Maryland

Patuxent River: Maryland

Potomac River: Boarders Virginia, DC, and Maryland

Rappahannock River: Northern Virginia

York River: Central Virginia

James River: Southern Virginia

What are the 9 watersheds that feed into

the Chesapeake

Bay?1. Susquehanna2. Potomac3. Patuxent4. Choptank5. Rappahannock6. Mattaponi7. Pamunkey8. James9. Appomattox

If an area is not colored in it is a part of smaller river sheds or they drain directly into the

Chesapeake Bay.

181

Where can water go in North Carolina?

The North Carolina Sound

The blue lines areRivers that feed intoThe NC Sound.

182

Bell Work: Tuesday 1. What filters pollution out of river

and stream waters?2. What is an area where fresh and

salty water mixes called?3. What are the ridges of mountains

and hills called?

Lab day

Bell Work: Wednesday1. Which layer of the

atmosphere contains the Exosphere and the Ionosphere?

2. Why are cities along the Atlantic Coast warmer than the mountain areas in the winter?

3. Water molecules clinging together to form a raindrop is an example of what property of water?

187 Bill Nye Wetlands video

Answer the questions on the worksheet as you are watching the video!

24 minutes

Is there another place water in Virginia can go?

Rivers in Virginia and 30 other states draininto The Gulf of Mexico.

That’s about 33 majorRivers.

Gulf of Mexico

USACanada

Mexico

183

Bell Work: Monday

1. What is the northern most state that has a river in the Chesapeake Bay watershed?

2. Rivers in southern VA drain to what watershed?

3. How many atoms are on 1 side of this equation: CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

Bell work Tuesday

1. 44% of our rivers in VA drain where?

2. What are divides?3. Name 3 abiotic factors in an

ecosystem.

Where can airborne

pollutants come from?

Air over our region comes from various areas that change each day.

Most of the air comes from the Midwest and is polluted from power plants and vehicles this doubles the pollution in our area.

Pollutants are washed out of the air by rain and goes into the Chesapeake Bay and its Tributaries.

183

What is a ecosystem made up of?

An ecosystem is made up of the living community and the non-living factors that affect it. The health of an ecosystem is directly related to water quality.

184

What abiotic factors affect an ecosystem?

Abiotic factors determine ecosystem type, its distribution of plants and animals as well as the usage of land by people. Abiotic factors include water supply, topography, landforms, geology, soils, sunlight, and air quality/O2 availability.

184

What human factors can alter the abiotic factors in an ecosystem?

Human activities can alter abiotic components and thus accelerate or decelerate natural processes. For example, people can affect the rate of erosion (a natural process). Plowing cropland can cause erosion, while planting trees can prevent it. Flood protection/wetland loss is another example.

184

What is water quality monitoring?

Water quality monitoring is the collection of water samples to analyze chemical and/or biological parameters. Simple parameters include pH, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and the presence of macro-invertebrate organisms.

185

What are found in healthy and unhealthy water systems?

Healthy Systems:1.Clear water2.Algae levels balanced3.Adequate oxygen4.Abundant finfish5.Aquatic plants flourish6.Bottom habitats are healthyUnhealthy Systems:Nutrients feed algae Blooms which decreases oxygen and water clarity. So plants cannot grow, animal life is stressed and Decreased so the food chain is broken and human health concerns begin

186

187

1. Bell Nye questions from Nov. 25

How can I help the watersheds?

1. Reduce your daily water usage.2. Never dispose of anything by dumping into a storm drain. Storm drains

lead directly to waterways.3. Use the correct amounts of fertilizer at the correct time for your grass

species.4. Reduce your use of pesticides and fertilizers by re- placing grass with

hardy trees and shrubs.5. Follow label directions carefully on all chemicals and use them only

when necessary.6. Clean up after your pets.7. Maintain home septic systems.8. Create buffers along waterways on your property.9. Know your watershed address.10. Volunteer for clean up, restoration, and conservation programs.11. Promote sustainable land stewardship throughout your community.

188

Bell work Wednesday

1. Why is ice less dense than water?

2. Draw and label a water molecule.

3. When testing for pH, salinity, and turbidity of water you are checking the water _______ .

Wed.

Guest lesson on Watersheds

Chesapeake Bay Research

1. Name 3 things that they are testing for?

2. What causes the algae blooms? Watch the video and record your

answers in your notes (abt 4 min) http://www.chesapeakebay.net/video

s/clip/from_the_field_monitoring_water_quality_in_the_chesapeake_bay

189

The Mystery of Sediments

1. Where are the sediments coming from that are affecting the tested area?

Watch the short clip and record the answer

(abt 2 min) http://www.chesapeakebay.net/video

s/clip/bay_101_sediment

190

Chesapeake Bay PSA

1. Name 10 things that can be done to help protect and restore the Chesapeake Bay.

Write them into your notes (abt 2 min)

http://www.chesapeakebay.net/videos/clip/psa_chesapeake_bay

191

Foldable

Wetlands Foldable to determine the plant and animals that live in each type of wetland. Note theses are just a few of each other plants and animals live in these areas. ALSO, not all pictures will be used!

192

Front cover192

Rushescattails

geese

Wading birds

clams

mussels

grassessnail

trees

Mangroves

pitcher sundew

Peat moss

Inside

192

Back Cover

Animals tracks

deer muskrats Muskratlodge

hawk

Found in Multiple Types of Wetlands

192

“Winged Scourge” PSA

Watch the video and think about how they deal with the wetlands when they are trying to stop the growth of mosquitoes.

Remember this was aired on TV in 1947 when Malaria was a big medical issue.

Would we do the things they suggest now in 2014?

Answer questions on your worksheet as you watch.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmi3S7CMw0Q

193

Quiz Dec. 4, 2015 on 6.7

Pencil AR book Turn in quiz before leaving