Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that...

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Watershed Introduction

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Transcript of Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that...

Page 1: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Watershed Introduction

Page 2: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

What is a Watershed?

• An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point, such as a river or a lake

Page 3: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Clackamas

Columbia

Sandy

Tualatin

Willamette

Lower

Middle

Portland Area Watersheds

Page 4: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

What’s in a Watershed?

Streams

Rivers

Lakes

Wetlands

Hills

Mountains

Farms

Cities

Houses

Humans

Animals

Plants

Page 5: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Human Impacts on Watershed

Land UsePollution

Too much of a good thingPoint SourcesNon-Point Sources

ErosionNaturalHuman-accelerated

Page 6: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Urban Runoff

Runoff from:

Streets

Parking lots

Roofs

Driveways

Lawns

Page 7: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Erosion

Page 8: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Watershed Functions

COLLECT

STORE

RELEASE

Page 9: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Watershed – COLLECT

GeologyMountains, valleys, etc

VegetationInterception

Manmade surfaces

Page 10: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Watershed – STORE

Wetlands, Lakes, Reservoirs

Soil

Groundwater

Snow and Ice

Biology

Page 11: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Watershed – RELEASE

Streams and Rivers

Groundwater

Evaporation

Human Engineering

Page 12: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

4 Dimensions to streams/rivers

Longitudinal

Lateral

Vertical

Temporal/seasonal

Page 13: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Watershed Sciences

“Geo” sciences

Hydrology

Chemistry

Biology

Ecology

Page 14: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Geomorphology

Physical shape

Parent material

Soils

Page 15: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Hydrology

Page 16: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Chemistry

Most “water quality” parameters are chemical measurements

Nutrients

Temperature, pH, DO, etc

Page 17: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Biology

Bacteria

Algae

Plants

Animals

Page 18: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Ecology

TerrestrialRiparian and Upland Vegetation

Animals

AquaticHabitat (pools, LWD, etc)

Vegetation

Animals

Page 19: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,
Page 20: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

How do we study a Watershed?

If our sampling site is at the red dot on the stream, the water we are testing could have interacted with any of the watershed area upstream of that point.

Page 21: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Clackamas Watershed

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Page 22: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Clark County Watersheds

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Page 23: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Sandy Watershed

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Page 24: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Tualatin Watershed

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Page 25: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Lower Willamette Watershed

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Page 26: Watershed Introduction. What is a Watershed? An area of land, from ridge top to ridge top, that collects, stores, and releases water to a common point,

Middle Willamette Watershed

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