Watershed 1
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Transcript of Watershed 1
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Watershed 1Eric Peterson
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Agenda
• What is a watershed?• How does water move through a
watershed? • What is the connection between
watersheds and water quality?• How do we protect our watershed?
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What is a watershed?
Geographic area within which all water drains to a common point.
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Watersheds are defined by structure and by function
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Elements of watershed structure
Total precipitation, precipitation patterns
Size, latitude, longitude, elevation, aspect
Climate
Geography
Human uses
Geology
Vegetation / Animals
Formation - volcanic, sedimentary, basic rock types, soil types and depth, erosion potential
Type, native/non native, riparian areas, uplands, patterns of use and migration
Development and land use patterns
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Functions of watersheds
• WaterCollect
Transport
Process and store
• Sediments, soils• Dissolved minerals,
metals, nutrients• Biological material
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What watershed are we in now?
Bear River Watershed Lower Bear River Watershed
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• Watersheds are nested
• The scale you work at depends on the question you want to answer
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What is causing “dead zones” in the Gulf of Mexico?
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What is causing the scum in my back yard pond?
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Watersheds are the logical geographic unit for planning:
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What is the connection between watersheds and water quality?
Everything that happens in a watershed can affect the quality of the water downstream
….“we all live downstream”
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Water quality is regulated through Clean Water Act (1972)
• Waters of U.S. must be “fishable and swimmable” by 1983
• Eliminate all pollution discharge to waters by 1985
Cuyahoga River, June 22 1969
http://blog.cleveland.com/metro/2009/06/cuyahoga_river_fire_40_years_a.html
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What is Clean Water? Safe to drink ? Distilled?
Crystal clear?
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There is no single definition of clean water. The Clean Water Act defines clean wateraccording to how we use it.
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How do we use water?Beneficial uses:
Drinking water
Agriculture
Recreation
Fisheries and other aquatic life
Aesthetics
Industry
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Monitoring Elements to Consider:
• Physical
• Biological
• Chemical
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Protecting Beneficial Uses Through the Implementation of
a TMDL
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Resources and Links http://www.waterquality.utah.gov/TMDL/ind
ex.htm extension.usu.edu/waterquality Utah Water Watch –
http://extension.usu.edu/waterquality/htm/citizen_monitoring/uww
bearriverinfo.org http://
water.epa.gov/type/watersheds/index.cfm
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For more information, contact USU Water Quality Extension at (435)797-2580 or visit
http://extension.usu.edu/waterquality/
Utah Water Watch
SSS WorkshopsAdvance Macro
Workshops
CMAP