8/16/2019 Water Well Pump Design

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Water well pump design

Water well an excavation or structure created in the ground by digging, driving, boring, or drilling to

access groundwater in underground aquifers. The well water is drawn by a pump, or using

containers, such as buckets, that are raised mechanically or by hand. So we need use the suitable

pump that can use for underground water.

Our pump working concept is same as a pump jack. t is commonly used as oil well pump as in

figure. ! pump jack "also called oil horse, oil jack, donkey pumper, nodding donkey, pumping unit,

horsehead pump, rocking horse, beam pump, dinosaur, grasshopper pump, #ig Texan, thirsty bird,

cricket, or jack pump$ is the over ground drive for a reciprocating piston pump in an oil well. t is used

to mechanically lift li%uid out of the well if not enough bottom hole pressure exists for the li%uid to

flow all the way to the surface. &ump si'e is also determined by the depth and weight of the oil to

remove, with deeper extraction re%uiring more power to move the increased weight of the discharge

column "discharge head$.

(igure) jack pump.

&ump jack working concept

 !bove ground

n the early days, pump jacks were actuated by rod lines running hori'ontally above the ground to a

wheel on a rotating eccentric in a mechanism known as a central power. The central power, which

might operate a do'en or more pump jacks, would be powered by a steam or internal combustion

engine or by an electric motor. !mong the advantages of this scheme was only having one motor to

power all the pump jacks rather than individual motors for each. *owever, among the many

difficulties was maintaining system balance as individual well loads changed.

+odern pump jacks are powered by a prime mover. This is commonly an electric motor, but internal

combustion engines are used in isolated locations without access to electricity, or, in the cases of

water pump jacks, where threephase power "since singlephase motors cannot exceed -

horsepower and many pumps re%uire more than that$ is not available.

/ownhole

 !t the bottom of the tubing is the downhole pump. This pump has two ball check valves) a

stationary valve at bottom called the standing valve, and a valve on the piston connected to the

bottom of the sucker rods that travels up and down as the rods reciprocate, known as the traveling

valve. When the rods at the pump end are travelling up, the traveling valve is closed and the

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standing valve is open "due to the drop in pressure in the pump barrel$. 0onse%uently, the pump

barrel fills with the fluid from the formation as the traveling piston lifts the previous contents of the

barrel upwards. When the rods begin pushing down, the traveling valve opens and the standing

valve closes "due to an increase in pressure in the pump barrel$. The traveling valve drops through

the fluid in the barrel "which had been sucked in during the upstroke$. The piston then reaches the

end of its stroke and begins its path upwards again, repeating the process.

Drilled wells

/rilled wells are typically created using either tophead rotary style, table rotary, or cable tool drilling

machines, all of which use drilling stems that are turned to create a cutting action in the formation,

hence the term drilling .

/rilled wells can be excavated by simple hand drilling methods "auguring, sludging, jetting, driving,

hand percussion$ or machine drilling "rotary, percussion, down the hole hammer$. /eep rock rotary

drilling method is most common. 1otary can be used in 234 of formation types.

/rilled wells can get water from a much deeper level than dug wells can5often up to several

hundred meters.