WATER-RESOURCES PROGRAM - USGS · COOPERATIVE WATER-RESOURCES PROGRAM, ... and analytical...

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEYFEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVEWATER-RESOURCES

PROGRAM

FISCAL YEAR 1993

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 94-325

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

FEDERAL-STATE COOPERATIVE

WATER-RESOURCES

PROGRAM

FISCAL YEAR 1993

by B.K. Gilbert

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 94-325

Reston, Virginia 1994

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

GORDON P. EATON, Director

For additional information write to:

Assistant Chief Hydrologist for Operations U.S. Geological Survey 441 National Center 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Reston, Virginia 22092

Copies of this report may be purchased from:

U.S. Geological SurveyEarth Science Information CenterOpen-File Reports SectionBox 25286, MS 517Denver Federal CenterDenver, CO 80225

CONTENTS

Page

Abstract...................................................................................................................... iv

Introduction................................................................................................................. 1

Functions of the Cooperative Program....................................................................... 5

Program priorities........................................................................................................?

Update on activities related to agriculture................................................................... 9

Examples of current investigations........................................................................... 10

Summary and conclusions........................................................................................ 14

References cited....................................................................................................... 15

Appendix A: List of cooperators by State, fiscal year 1993...................................... 16

Appendix B: List of selected U.S. Geological Survey investigations and research activities related to agriculture that were in progress fiscal years 1990-93............................................................................................ 27

FIGURES

Figure 1: Map showing U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Divisionregional boundaries and location of principal offices ...............................3

2: Graph showing actual obligations of the U.S. Geological SurveyWater Resources Division, fiscal year 1993............................................. 4

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY FEDERAL-STATECOOPERATIVE WATER-RESOURCES PROGRAM,

FISCAL YEAR 1993

by Bruce K. Gilbert

ABSTRACT

The Federal-State Cooperative Program is a major U.S. Geological Survey activity for the collection, analysis, and reporting of information on the quantity, quality, and use of the Nation's water resources. The fundamental characteristic of the program is that most of the work is undertaken by the U.S. Geological Survey through joint-funding agreements, with State, regional, and local agencies providing at least one-half the funds. The main objectives of the program are (1) to collect, on a systematic basis, data needed for the continuing determination and evaluation of the quantity, quality, and use of the Nation's water resources; and (2) to appraise the availability and the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of surface and ground water through data analysis and interpretive water-resources investigations and research. During fiscal year 1993, Cooperative Program activities were underway in offices in every State, Puerto Rico, and several territories in concert with about 1,100 cooperating agencies. In fiscal year 1993, Federal funding of $63.5 million was matched by cooperating agencies, which also provided almost $23 million unmatched for a total program of about $150 million. This amounted to nearly 40 percent of the total funds for the U.S. Geological Survey's water-resources activities. This report presents examples of current (1993) investigations, as well as updated information on hydrologic investigations and research related to agriculture.

IV

INTRODUCTION

Federal, State, regional, and local agencies share keen interests in appraising the Nation's water resources and in seeking solutions to water-related problems. Because of a variety of missions and areas of responsibility, agencies at times have diverse perceptions of need, priorities, and approaches. One of the principal strengths of the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Federal-State Cooperative Program is accommodating this diversity through joint planning and funding of hydrologic data collection, investigations, and research.

The Cooperative Program, a partnership between the USGS and State and local agencies, provides a balanced approach to water-resources investigations. It is a major part of the USGS's coordinated program of water-resources investigations and research. The principal program objectives are (1) to collect, on a systematic basis, data needed for the continuing determination and evaluation of the quantity, quality, and use of water resources in the United States; and (2) to appraise the availability and the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of surface and ground water through data analysis and interpretive water-resources investigations and research. The resulting information forms the foundation for many of the Nation's water-resources management and planning activities. In addition, the information can help identify emerging water problems at an early stage.

The Cooperative Program has contributed directly to water-resources knowledge for almost 100 years by fostering a working partnership between the Federal and State governments in the advancement of earth science, and by compiling a major part of the Nation's hydrologic information. From its earliest days, the program has been responsible directly for the development of procedures for streamgaging, concepts of surface-water and ground-water flow, and analytical techniques for investigations of water quality.

The first USGS cooperative water-resources investigation was with the State of Kansas in 1895. In 1905, Congress appropriated funds specifically for cooperative studies, marking the official beginning of the program. In 1928, Congress gave formal recognition to the Federal-State partnership and limited the Federal financial contribution for cooperative water-resources studies to no more than 50 percent of the total funds for each investigation.

During fiscal year (FY) 1993, hydrologic data collection, interpretive investigations, and research were conducted under the provisions of the Cooperative Program by USGS Water Resources Division personnel in offices in every State, in Puerto Rico, and in several territories in concert with about 1,100 cooperating agencies (see appendix A). The locations of principal Water Resources Division offices are shown in figure 1. State, county, and municipal agencies participate in the program, as do interstate-compact organizations, State universities, conservation districts, sanitary districts, drainage districts, flood-control districts, and other similar organizations. In FY1993, Federal funding of $63.5 million was matched by cooperating agencies, which also provided almost $23 million unmatched funding, for a total of about $150 million. This total constituted nearly 40 percent of the total funds for the USGS's program of water-resources activities (figure 2).

The fundamental characteristic of the Federal-State Cooperative Program is that local and State agencies provide at least one-half the funds, but the USGS does most of the work. At times, the cooperator's contribution to the program may be partly in the form of

support known as direct expenditures, rather than funds. This refers to mutually agreed- upon work or material contributions for which dollar-value credit is given by the USGS for services rendered by the cooperator in support of program objectives.

This report has been prepared to describe some aspects of the Federal-State Cooperative Program, and to provide information on selected accomplishments in FY1993. The report presents examples of current (1993) investigations as well as updated information on investigations related to agricultural activities.

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FUNCTIONS OF THE COOPERATIVE PROGRAM

In fulfilling its water-resources mission, the USGS performs four principal functions:

It collects data needed for the continuing determination and evaluation of the quantity, quality, and use of the Nation's water resources.

It conducts analytical and interpretive appraisals to describe the occurrence, availability, and physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of surface and ground water.

It conducts research in hydraulics, hydrology, and related scientific and engineering fields.

It disseminates water data and the results of investigations and research.

The collection of surface-water and ground-water data on a systematic basis under the provisions of the Federal-State Cooperative Program is a major part of the USGS's coordinated water-resources activities. The resulting information provides a continuing record of the quantity, quality, and use of the Nation's water resources. In FY 1993, the Federal-State Cooperative Program served as the sole source of funding for the operation of more than 4,100 continuous streamflow stations and partially funded an additional 550 continuous streamflow stations. These stations constitute about 64 percent of the continuous streamflow stations operated by the USGS. The program also provided funds for the collection of ground-water levels at approximately 26,700 wells and the collection of water-quality data at about 2,100 surface-water stations and 4,300 ground-water well and spring stations. These data provide information necessary for the determination of water suitability for various uses, identification of trends, and evaluation of the effects of stresses on the Nation's surface- and ground-water resources.

Within the Cooperative Program, typically about half of the funds support the collection of hydrologic data; the remaining half support hydrologic investigations and research. During FY 1993, the USGS was involved in about 490 research projects and investigations as part of the Cooperative Program. Investigations encompass areas that range in size from a square mile or less to multistate regions. In these investigations, USGS scientists bring together information to define, characterize, and evaluate the areal extent, quality, and availability of the water resource. Since the early 1970's, there has been an increase in the number of investigations that have emphasized water- quality issues, such as aquifer contamination, river quality, storm runoff quality, and the effects of acid rain, mining, and agricultural chemicals and practices on the hydrologic system.

In 1977, the Congress of the United States recognized the need for uniform, current, and reliable information on water use and directed the USGS to establish a National Water- Use Information Program to complement the Survey's data on the availability and quality of the Nation's water resources. Thus, the National Water-Use Information Program became part of the USGS's Federal-State Cooperative Program (Mann and others, 1982). As of 1993, all 50 States and Puerto Rico participate in the program at various levels of involvement.

All data and results of analytical studies are made available to cooperating agencies and to the public through published reports (about 1,500 in FY 1993), and through

computerized information programs, such as the National Water Information System (NWIS) and the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX) Program. Abstracts of completed reports are made available through the USGS Water Resources Scientific Information Center (WRSIC). Hydrologic data can be accessed by computer terminals at offices in every State.

In many places, the Cooperative Program provides the only source of support for water- data collection and investigations required to assess, on a continuing basis, the status of the Nation's water resources. Information developed in the Cooperative Program has relevance to potential and emerging long-term problems, such as water supply, waste disposal, energy development, and environmental management and protection. Because common analytical methods and techniques are used, the information also is relevant to problems having interstate, regional, national, or international significance. The information furnishes the basis required to abide by interstate and international compacts and Federal law and court decrees, and to carry out congressionally mandated studies, regional and national water-resources assessments, and planning activities.

PROGRAM PRIORITIES

Program priorities are based on national needs that have been identified by the President and Administration advisors, by the Congress, by the Department of the Interior, by other Federal agencies, and from information the USGS has received from cooperating agencies and other interested parties. Issues that are identified through the National Water Summary (U.S. Geological Survey, 1984,1985, 1986,1988,1990, 1991, and 1993) also are taken into consideration. As a result, the priorities are developed in response to mutual Federal, regional, State, and local requirements.

Thus, the USGS and its cooperating agencies work together in a continuing process that leads to adjustments in the program each year. The number of requests for scientific and technical assistance continues to grow from State agencies responsible for ground- water protection and for controlling and mitigating contamination. State offerings typically exceed Federal matching funds by as much as $20 million or more each year (almost $31 million in FY 1993) and reflect the increasing emphasis on water-quality issues, as well as other concerns regarding the availability, distribution, and use of the resource.

The strong linkage between the Cooperative Program, the Federal Program, and the Other Federal Agency Program is clearly reflected in the program priorities identified for FY 1994. The National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Federal Program, for example, will continue to build on water-quality information developed over many decades within the Cooperative Program. Data collection supported by the Federal Program and by other Federal agencies provides additional information. Ground-water contamination studies funded by military and civilian Federal agencies are providing valuable hydrologic information and research in basic physical processes. The USGS's National Research Program helps develop and refine hydrologic principles and methods for use in the Federal-State Cooperative Program. These are but a few examples of the interdependence among programs.

The following topics have been identified as highest priority in developing the FY 1994 Cooperative Program:

GROUND-WATER QUALITY-Concern continues over the vulnerability of the Nation's ground water to contamination from point sources, such as waste-disposal activities, as well as nonpoint sources, such as agricultural chemicals and practices. An improved knowledge of ground-water processes, including flow dynamics, solute-transport, and the geochemical and biological reactions that can alter, add, or remove contaminants, is needed to enhance the evaluation of and capability to forecast the effects of human activities. In some areas, improved definition of current ground-water quality is needed as a baseline for evaluation of future changes.

WATER SUPPLY AND DEMAND-The future health and economic welfare of the Nation's population depend on a continuing supply of uncontaminated freshwater. Many sources of supply are stressed by increasing withdrawals, use, diversion, and increasing demands for instream flow. Recent drought in some areas of the country has accentuated the need for better water supply and demand information. More comprehensive water-use information is needed to quantify the stress on existing supplies and to improve the evaluation of possible demand-management options to supplement the traditional supply approaches. Improved flow-system definition and simulation also are needed for the management of many aquifers that serve as important local or regional sources of water supply, and the management and support of watershed ecosystems.

STREAM QUALITY-The quality of the Nation's streams continues to be a priority concern of the Cooperative Program. Additional water-quality information is needed to evaluate the relative effects of runoff from various land use areas and ground-water contributions on overall stream quality, fluvial and bed-sediment chemistry, and stream biota. Investigations of the effects of nonpoint sources, particularly those related to agriculture and urbanization, are of special interest. Models of surface-water quality that simulate chemical and biological processes are needed to quantify these effects and to evaluate management alternatives.

WETLANDS, LAKES, RESERVOIRS, AND ESTUARIES-These valuable ecosystems merit special attention because of their importance as fish and wildlife habitat, sources of water supply, and recreational areas. Wetlands, in particular, are areas where important water treatment and purification processes can occur naturally. Despite their relative sensitivity to human activities, these areas continue to be subject to development pressures. Studies that contribute to an improved understanding of the physical, chemical, and biological processes typical of wetlands, lakes, reservoirs, and estuaries are needed to insure proper management and protection of these valuable resources.

HYDROLOGIC DATA COLLECTION--The hydrologic data program constitutes the foundation for many other USGS activities and for watershed and aquifer management nationwide. Large amounts of data and specialized Interpretation are required to resolve conflicts among State and Federal agencies regarding water rights; thus, enhancement of the hydrologic data program continues to be high priority for the Cooperative Program.

HYDROLOGIC HAZARDS-Economic losses from floods, lake-level changes, mud and debris flows, erosion and sedimentation, and other hydrologic hazards can total several billions of dollars annually. Studies of the basic processes underlying these hazards are needed to improve the ability to forecast the probabilities of occurrence and the likely magnitudes of hydrologic hazards.

INDIAN WATER RIGHTS-The USGS has long assisted in appraising the water resources of Indian lands as part of the Cooperative Program. The protection and management of the Indian tribes' natural resources are essential elements of the Secretary of the Interior's trust responsibility to the tribes. Cooperative activities that concern these resources will continue to be given high priority.

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UPDATE ON ACTIVITIES RELATED TO AGRICULTURE

Because of agriculture's dependence on the availability and quality of water, many hydrologic data-collection efforts and investigations conducted by the USGS are important to agricultural interests. In 1888, an Act authorized the USGS to identify irrigable lands in arid regions and areas that could provide adequate water for irrigation. Thus, almost since the USGS was founded, activities related to agriculture have been included in its responsibilities.

At various times during FY 1970-89, the USGS had in progress about 280 investigations related to agriculture (Gilbert and Mann 1989 and 1990). Of these, almost 70 percent were supported by the Cooperative Program. Recent information shows that approximately 140 investigations related to agricultural activities were underway at various times during 1990-93, more than 60 percent of which were supported by the Cooperative Program; the USGS Federal Program and the Other Federal Agency Program provided support for the remainder.

A list of selected USGS investigations related to agricultural activities and underway at various times during FY 1990-93 is given in Appendix B. The types of studies include the investigation of the-

Effects of agricultural chemicals on water qualityAvailability of water for irrigationEffects of irrigation drainage on water qualityConsumptive use of water by agricultureEffects of agricultural practices on sedimentationRelation of agricultural chemicals to nonpoint-source contaminationRelation of ground-water pumping for irrigation to land subsidence.

EXAMPLES OF CURRENT INVESTIGATIONS

Several additional examples of recent cooperative investigations follow:

ARIZONA-Urban Storm Water, Maricopa CountyIn 1992, the USGS and the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality began a 3-year study in Maricopa County to (1) characterize the acute toxicity and chemistry of storm water from residential, industrial, commercial, and undeveloped land uses; (2) identify which phases (trace metals, organics, suspended solids, and oil and grease) of storm water are toxic; and (3) characterize the acute toxicity and chemistry of bed material in streams receiving urban runoff. Storm-water samples and bed-material samples are being collected and analyzed from five basins. Bed-material samples also are being collected from the receiving ephemeral streams. The sampled basins are the same basins concurrently being monitored to characterize the quality and quantify of urban runoff. The concurrent monitoring is a USGS cooperative study with the Flood Control District of Maricopa County.

CALIFORNIA-Contaminant Transport in Fractured Rock, Penn Mine The USGS is conducting a study in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board and the East Bay Municipal Utility District to (1) verify ground-water flow paths and quantify ground-water flow in the fractured metavolcanic-rock aquifer, connecting unlined mining waste-water ponds to Camanche Reservoir; (2) quantify the water-rock interactions that control the geochemistry of the ground-water system; (3) determine the residence time of dissolved sulfate in the acidic ground water between the mine and the reservoir and evaluate mixing of water from underground mine workings and surface impoundments; and (4) quantify transport of major chemical constituents and trace elements along ground-water flow paths from the mine to the reservoir. This study represents one of the first attempts at modeling contaminant transport in fractured rock, and will serve to advance knowledge and understanding of fractured-rock hydrogeology.

COLORADO-Sources of Contamination, South Platte River A cooperative study between the Metro Wastewater Reclamation District (Metro) and USGS examined the quantity and quality of ground-water discharge to the South Platte River downstream from Denver, Colorado, from August 1992 through July 1993. Because flow in this segment of the South Platte River is dominated by effluent discharge from the Metro wastewater-treatment plant, water-quality problems in the river (e.g., low concentrations of dissolved oxygen and high concentrations of nitrate and ammonia) have been attributed to effluent discharges from Metro. Results from this study indicate that (1) substantial quantities of ground water were being discharged to the river, (2) the ground water had low concentrations of dissolved oxygen throughout the study area, and (3) discharging ground water had high concentrations of nitrate and ammonia along specific reaches of the study area. Ground water with high concentrations of nitrate generally discharged to the river in agricultural areas, whereas ground water with high concentrations of ammonia discharged to the river in urban areas. In general, results from this study demonstrate that effluent discharge from the Metro plant was not the only factor that degraded water quality in the South Platte River downstream from Denver.

FLORIDA-Development of Flow Models for Wetlands, Date County The USGS, in cooperation with the South Florida Water Management District, is investigating methods of improving existing ground-water flow models used to simulate hydrologic conditions in wetlands. Hydrologic data collected in Dade County will be used

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to construct and calibrate models of the Biscayne aquifer that will include simulations of the interactions between surface water, ground water, and wetlands. This study will help improve an understanding the hydrologic relations in the South Florida Everglades area.

FLORIDA-Flood-Plain Habitats, Apalachicola RiverThe current controversy over water allocation in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Rint (ACF) Rivers involving the City of Atlanta, the States of Georgia, Alabama, and Florida, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is a strong signal that water resources in this basin are limited and competition for water is increasing. Florida's needs for the water resources of the ACF basin are primarily ecosystem based and relate to the healthy maintenance of the river, flood plain wetlands, and estuary. Relations between river flow and flood-plain habitats need to be defined to understand the potential effects of increased upstream water withdrawals on the Apalachicola River flood-plain system. The USGS, in cooperation with the Northwest Florida Water Management District, is conducting an investigation to describe how Apalachicola River flood-plain habitats and indigenous biological communities might be expected to change if river flows are altered by upstream withdrawals.

IOWA, KANSAS, MINNESOTA, MISSOURI, NORTH AND SOUTH DAKOTA, AND NEBRASKA-Midwest Floods, 1993The record floods in 1993 were monitored by the USGS. Approximately 70 percent of the USGS streamgaging stations used in monitoring were operated in cooperation with various State and local government agencies. This ongoing monitoring of the cooperative data network was critical in providing flood-stage and discharge data during the flooding. The information gathered was used for public safety and disaster response efforts that potentially saved lives and property. This hydrologic information also is being used in many States to establish river stage and discharge at bridge sites. With this information, transportation planners can design bridges and roadways of the appropriate size and configuration to minimize scour and to allow for the safe passage of vehicles during future floods. The mapping of floodplain inundation provides information useful m establishing the recurrence interval of flooding. This information is used for setting valid zoning and insurance regulations that protect people and property from future flooding.

MASSACHUSETTS-Movement of Wastewater in a Coastal Marsh, Orleans The siting of wastewater-treatment plants is an environmental challenge in the coastal zone of the United States. Directing effluent discharges to land-disposal areas near the coastline is a potential alternative to using direct ocean outfalls, but the processes governing the subsurface transport of chemical constituents in wastewater through coastal-sedimentary environments have not been well studied. The USGS, in cooperation with the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection, is investigating the movement of a large, well-characterized plume of wastewater- contaminated ground water toward a Cape Cod coastal marsh. The study focuses on the transport of dissolved nitrogen in ground water to seepage zones in the marsh, where large nitrogen losses from denitrification and plant uptake may be occurring. Results from the study will be relevant to other coastal wetland areas strongly affected by ground-water discharge from regional aquifers.

PENNSYLVANIA-Contaminated Sediments in the Lower Susquehanna River The processes of deposition and scour of nutrient- and metals-laden bottom sediments in three hydroelectric reservoirs of the lower Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania, are poorly understood. Instantaneous or slug release of these sediments, notably during flood conditions, is thought to be a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems downstream in Chesapeake Bay. The USGS, in cooperation with the Pennsylvania Department pf Environmental Resources, is investigating the current distribution of bottom sediments in

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the reservoirs and assessing changes since the last investigation in 1990. The updated information on bathymetry and thickness of bottom sediments will provide a reliable baseline for evaluating future sediment deposition and scour in the reservoirs and for estimating quantities of contaminated sediments transported by the Susquehanna River to Chesapeake Bay.

SOUTH CAROLINA-Rates of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Degradation The USGS, in cooperation with the South Carolina Water Resources Commission, is investigating an extensively contaminated shallow water-table aquifer underlying a fuel-tank farm in Hanahan, South Carolina. Data collected to date have revealed that petroleum hydrocarbons in the aquifer are being degraded anaerobically in a complex pattern of zones dominated by iron-reducing, sulfate-reducing, and methanogenic conditions that change dynamically in both time and space. Further investigation is designed to determine relative rates of hydrocarbon degradation under these conditions and how degradation rates are affected by changes in conditions. This information should benefit the design of bioremediation strategies at this and similar sites nationwide.

TENNESSEE-Effects of Agricultural Practices on Water Quality in the Beaver Creek Drainage BasinAgricultural operations have been identified as the largest contributor to water quality degradation in the intensively farmed areas of west Tennessee. The purposes of this investigation, which is being conducted by the USGS in cooperation with the Tennessee Department of Agriculture, Shelby County Soil Conservation District, Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Tennessee Association of Conservation Districts, University of Tennessee Agriculture Extension Service, and Memphis State University, are to document the effects of various agricultural practices on surface and subsurface water quality and to assess the effectiveness of implementing various best management practices (BMP's). The study will determine the current quality of surface and subsurface waters in the Beaver Creek drainage basin of western Tennessee, and will document changes in sediment, nutrient, and pesticide concentrations following implementation of BMP's. The results are expected to show the effectiveness of different agricultural BMP's in improving water quality and may be transferable to other agricultural areas of Tennessee and the United States.

TEXAS-Areas of High Risk from Contamination, Edwards Aquifer In cooperation with the Edwards Underground Water District in San Antonio, Texas, outcrops of the Edwards aquifer (sole source of water for San Antonio and surrounding area) were mapped by the USGS in norther Bexar, Comal, and Hays counties. The resulting hydrogeologic maps show areas most susceptible to contamination of surface sources, such as spills or stormwater runoff from residential or commercial development on or adjacent to the aquifer outcrops. This information is essential for land-use planning to protect the "sole source" Edwards aquifer in the rapidly urbanizing outcrop area. In addition, the hydrogeologic maps are useful for determining relative fault displacement, which, when combined with the defined "most sensitive to pollution" areas, aids in inferring the path of ground-water flowpath from the outcrop into the aquifer.

WASHINGTON-Ground Water and Water Quality, Long Beach Peninsula Planning and health agencies in the Long Beach area are concerned that leachate from septic systems and pesticides from cranberry-growing areas may be degrading the water quality in the shallow aquifer, and that ground water containing pesticides, nutrients, and bacteria may be discharging to Willapa Bay and affecting oyster production. There are claims that the water quality of Willapa Bay ranks among the best in the world with respect to oyster production. In 1991 the USGS, in cooperation with the Pacific County

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Department of Community Development, began a 3-year ground-water study that included an inventory of 170 wells, monthly water-level measurements for 1 year at 103 wells and 28 stage gages in lakes and drainage canals; synoptic water-quality sampling at 42 wells and 13 surface-water sites; and slug tests at 58 shallow wells. The collected data will define current conditions and will be analyzed with historical data to determine whether or not changes in the quality of water in the shallow aquifer have occurred over time.

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SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

The USGS's Federal-State Cooperative Program has responded to national needs for hydrologic information since 1895. During FY 1993, water-resources data collection, investigations, and research were conducted in cooperation with about 1,100 State, regional, and local agencies in every State, Puerto Rico, and several Territories. Cooperative Program funding in FY 1993 totaled about $150 million and accounted for nearly 40 percent of the total obligations for the USGS's Water Resources Division. The Cooperative Program provides much of the information required by those responsible for water-resources planning and management, water-supply development, and environmental improvement through hydrologic data collection, investigations, and research. The program is a unique activity in that the cooperating agencies provide more than half the funds, but the USGS performs most of the work. The program is also a primary source for knowledge concerning techniques for collecting and analyzing data on the quantity, quality, use, and flow of surface water and ground water.

Because the availability of high-quality water is a fundamental limiting factor to population growth, a comprehensive and forward-looking program of hydrologic data collection and investigations is needed to provide the information necessary for the wise development and use of the Nation's water resources. The job is too large to be supported at either Federal or State level alone. The jointly planned and funded Cooperative Program provides convincing assurance that the work is designed to meet national and local needs.

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REFERENCES CITED

Gilbert, B.K. and Mann, W.B., IV, 1989, The U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Cooperative Water-Resources Program, Fiscal Year 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-389, 66 p.

, 1990, The U.S. Geological Survey Federal-State Cooperative Water-Resources Program, Fiscal Year 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-353, 49 p.

Mann, W.B., IV, Moore, J.E., and Chase, E.B., 1982, A national water-use information program: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 82-862,18 p.

U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, National water summary 1983--Hydrologic events and issues: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2250, 243 p.

1985, National water summary 1984--Hydrologic events, selected water- ___ Jity trends, and ground-water resources: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2275, 467 p.

1986, National water summary 1985-Hydrologic events and surface-water resources: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2300, 506 p.

1988, National water summary 1986-Hydrologic events and ground-waterquality: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2325, 560 p.

1990, National water summary 1987--Hydrologic events and water supplyand use: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2350, 553 p.

1991, National water summary 1988-89--Hydrologic events and floods anddroughts: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2375, 591 p.

1993, National water summary 1990-91--Hydrologic events and streamwater quality: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2400, 590 p.

15

Appendix A.-Cooperators by State, Fiscal Year 1993

Alabama:Alabama Department of~

ConservationEconomic and Community AffairsEmergency ManagementEnvironmental ManagementHighways, Departments No. 1, 2, and 6

Anniston, City of Baldwin County Commission Birmingham, City of Coffee County Commission Geological Survey of Alabama Huntsville, City of Jefferson County Commission Mobile, City of Montgomery, City of Parrish, Town of Sumter, County of Tuscaloosa, City of

Alaska:Alaska Department of-

Fish and GameNatural Resources, Division of WaterTransportation

Alaska Energy Authority Anchorage, Municipality of Cordova, City of Juneau, City and Borough of Kenai Peninsula Borough Sitka, City and Borough of University of Alaska, Fairbanks

Arizona:Arizona Department of-

Environmental Quality Water Resources

Gila Valley Irrigation DistrictGila Water Commissioner, Office ofHualapai Indian TribeHopi Tribe Department of Natural ResourcesMaricopa County-

Flood Control DistrictMetropolitan Water Dist. of Southern CaliforniaNavajo NationPima County Department of TransportationSafford, City of, Water, Gas, & Sewer Dept.Salt River ProjectShow Low Irrigation CompanyTucson, City of

Arkansas:Arkansas Department of~

Parks and TourismPollution Control and Ecology

Arkansas Game & Fish Comm., Fisheries Div. Arkansas Geological Commission Arkansas Soil & Water Conservation Comm. Arkansas State Highway & Trans. Dept. Arkansas-Oklahoma: Arkansas River

Compact Comm.

Arkansas-continuedFort Smith, City ofIndependence, County ofLittle Rock-

Municipal Water Works Public Works Department

Ropers, City of, Water Utilities DepartmentUniversity of Arkansas-

at Fayetteville at Little Rock

California:Adelanto, City of Alameda County-

Flood Control & Water Cons. Dist. (Hayward)

Water DistrictAntelope Valley-East Kem Water Agency Atherton, City of Barstow, City of California Department of-

Boating and WaterwaysConservationParks and RecreationTransportationWater Resources

California Polytechnical U.-San Luis Obispo California Water Resources Control Board

Division of Water Quality Calleguas Municipal Water District Carpinteria County Water District Casitas Municipal Water District Coachella Valley Water District Contra Costa County Flood Control & Water

Conservation District Contra Costa Water District Crestline-Lake Arrowhead Water Agency Desert Water Agency East Bay Municipal Utility District Eastern Municipal Water District Georgetown Divide Public Utility District Hopland Band of Porno Indians Humboldt Bay Municipal Water District Imperial County Department of Public Works Imperial Irrigation District Indian Wells Valley Water District Los Angeles, County of Louisiana State University and A&M College Madera Irrigation District Marin Municipal Water District Mendocino County Water Agency Merced, City of Merced Irrigation District Mojave Water Agency Mono, County of Montecito Water District Monterey County Water Resources Agency Monterey Peninsula Water Mgmt. District Morongo Band of Mission Indians Orange County Water District Palmdale, City of

16

Appendix A.~Cooperators by State, fiscal year 1993 (continued)

California-continued Palo Alto, City of Pechanga Indian Reservation Riverside County Flood Control & Water

Conservation District Sacramento Municipal Utility District Sacramento County Department of Public

WorksSan Benito County Water district San Bernardino County Flopd Control District San Bernardino Valley Municipal Water District San Diego, City ofSan Diego County Department of Public Works San Francisco, City and County of San Francisco Water Department San Luis Obispo County Engng. Department San Mateo County Dept. of Public Works Santa Barbara, City of, Dept. of Public Works Santa Barbara County-

Flood Control & Water Conservation Dist. Water Agency

Santa Clara Valley Water District Santa Cruz, City of Santa Cruz County Flood Control & Water

Conservation DistrictSanta Maria Valley Water Conservation District Santa Ynez River Water Conservation District Scotts Valley Water District Sonoma County-

Planning Department Water Agency

Tulare County Flood Control District Turlock Irrigation District United Water Conservation District Ventura County Public Works Agency Water Master-Santa Margarita River

WatershedWater Replenishment District of So. California Woodbridge Irrigation District Yolo County Flood Control & Water

Conservation District Yuba County Water Agency

Colorado:Arapahoe County Water and WastewaterArkansas River compact AdministrationAspen, City ofAurora, City ofBoulder, City ofBoulder, County ofBreckenridge, Town ofCentennial Water and Sanitation DistrictCherokee Water and Sanitation DistrictColorado Department of~

HealthMinerals and GeologyTransportation

Colorado Division of-Wildlife

Colorado Office of the State Engineer Colorado River Water Conservation District Colorado Springs, City of~

Engineering Division Colorado Springs Utilities

Colorado-continuedColorado Water Conservation Board Delta Board of Water Commissioners Denver Board of Water Commissioners Eagle County Board of Commissioners East Cherry Creek Valley Water & Sanitation

DistrictEast Grand County Water Quality Board Englewood, City of Evergreen Metropolitan District Fort Collins, City of, Water & Wastewater Utility Fountain Valley Authority Fremont Sanitation District Garfield, County of Glendale, City of Glenwood Springs, City of Lakewood, City of Lamar, City of Las Animas, City of Longmont, City of Loveland, City ofLower Fountain Water-Quality Mgrnt. Assn. Metropolitan Wastewater Reclamation District Moff at, County ofNorthern Colorado Water Conservation District Pueblo Board of Water Works Pueblo, City of, Department of Utilities Pueblo County Commissioners Pueblo West Metropolitan District Rio Blanco, County of Rio Blanco Water Conservation District Rio Grande Water Conservation District Rocky Ford, City of Routt, County of St. Charles Mesa Water District Southern Ute Indian Tribe Southeastern Colorado Water Cons. Dist. Southwestern Colorado Water Cons. District Steamboat Springs, City of Teller-Park Soil Conservation District Thornton, City ofTrinchera Water Conservation District Uncompahgre Valley Water Users Association Upper Arkansas Council of Governments Upper Arkansas River Water Cons. District Upper Eagle Regional Water Authority Upper Gunnison River Upper Yampa Water Conservancy District Urban Drainage and Flood Control District Ute Mountain Indian Tribe Vail Valley Consolidated Water District Willows Water District Westminster, City of Yellow Jacket Water Conservancy District

Connecticut:Connecticut Department of

Environmental Protection Transportation, Bureau of Engineering and

Highway OperationsFairfield, Town of, Conservation Department Lake Waramaug Interlocal Commission Lake Waramaug Task Force, Inc. Meriden, City of

17

Appendix A.~Cooperators by State, fiscal year 1993 (continued)

Connecticut-continuedNew Britain, City of, Board of Water

CommissionersSouth Central CT Regional Water Authority Torrington, City of

Delaware:Geological SurveyUniversity of DelawareDelaware River Basin Commission

District of Columbia:Dept. of Consumer & Regulatory Affairs,

Environmental Control Department of Public Works

Florida:Bay County UtilitiesBoca Raton, City ofBradenton, City ofBroward, County of-

Natural Resources ProtectionWater Resources Management Division

Cape Coral, City ofCharlotte, County ofCocoa, City of, Utilities and Public WorksDaytona Beach, City ofDeerfield Beach, City ofFlorida Department of--

Environmental Protection Natural Resources-

Bureau of Marine Resource & Eval. Transportation

Florida Keys Aqueduct AuthorityFort Lauderdale, City ofGame and Freshwater Fish CommissionHallandale, City ofHighland Beach, Town ofHillsborough, County ofHollywood, City ofJacksonville, City of, Dept. of Public UtilitiesJacksonville Electric AuthorityJoshua Water Control DistrictLake, County of, Water AuthorityLake Mary, City of, Public WorksLee, County ofManatee County-

Board of County Commissioners Environmental Action Commission

Metropolitan Dade CountyMiami-Dade Water and Sewer AuthorityNorth Port Water Control DistrictNorthwest Florida Water Management DistrictOrange County Public Works DivisionPerry, City ofPinellas, County ofPompano Beach, City ofReedy Creek Improvement DistrictSarasota, City ofSarasota, County ofSouth Florida Water Management District-

Department of Research and EvaluationSouthwest Florida Water Management DistrictSt. Johns River Water Management District

Florida-continuedSt. Petersburg, City of Stuart, City ofSuwannee River Water Management District Tallahassee, City of-

Electric Department Water Quality Laboratory

Tampa, City ofTampa Bay Regional Planning Council Volusia, County of Walton, County ofWest Coast Regional Water Supply Authority Winter Park, City of

Georgia:Albany Water, Gas, and Light CommissionAthens-Clarke CountyAttapulgus, City ofBibb, County ofBlairsville, Town ofBrunswick, City ofChestatee-Chattahoochee Resource

Conservation & Development CenterClayton County Water AuthorityCoastal Georgia, Regional DevelopmentCovington, City ofDekalb County Public Works DepartmentGeorgia Department of-

Natural Resources- Water Quality Management Program Geologic Survey

Transportation- at Atlanta at Forest Park

Georgia Forestry CommissionGeorgia Mountain Reg. Development CenterGwinnett, County of, Preconstruction DivisionHelena, City ofMacon Water and Sewage AuthorityMonroe Water, Light, and Gas CommissionMoultrie, City ofSouth Florida Water Municipal DepartmentSpringfield, City ofSt. Johns River Water Municipal DepartmentThomaston, City ofThomasville, City ofTift County CommissionTifton, City ofValdosta, City of

Hawaii:Hawaii, County of, Dept. of Water Supply Hawaii Department of-

Agriculture, Div. of Ag. Resource Mgmt.Land and Natural Resources-

Comm. on Water Resources Mgmt.Transportation

Honolulu, City and County of~Board of Water SupplyDepartment of Public Works

Kauai, County of, Department of Water Supply Maui, County of, Department of Water Supply

18

Appendix A.--Cooperators by State, fiscal year 1993 (continued)

Idaho:Ada County Highway District Boise, City ofBonner County Commissioners Coeur d"alene Tribe of Idaho Idaho Department of--

Health and WelfareWater Resources

Salmon River Canal Co., Ltd. Shoshone-Bannock Indian Tribes Shoshone, County of Southwest Irrigation District Teton, County of, Board of Commissioners Water District No. 01 (Idaho Falls) Water District No. 31 (Dubois) Water District No. 32D (Dubois)

Illinois:Bloomington and Normal Sanitary DistrictBoneyard Creek CommissionCook County Forest Preserve DistrictDanville Sanitary DistrictDecatur, City ofDekalb, City of, Public Works DepartmentDuPage County Forest Preserve, Planning &

Development SectionDuPage County Department of Environmental

ConcernsIllinois Department of~

Conservation, Planning Division Energy and Natural Resources-

State Water Survey Transportation-

Division of Water ResourcesIllinois Environmental Protection AgencyKane, County of-

Forest Preserve Commission Development Dept., Stormwater Mgmt.

Kankakee Soil and Water Conservation DistrictLake County Stormwater Mgmt. CommissionMetro. Water Reclamation Dist. of Greater

ChicagoMonticello City ofSpringfield, City ofVermilion County Conservation DistrictWinnebago, County of, Dept. of Public WorksWisconsin Department of Natural Resources

Indiana:Carmel, Town of, Utilities Elkhart, City of, Water Works Indiana Department of~

Environmental Management Office of Water Management Office of Solid & Hazardous Waste

ManagementNatural Resources, Division of Water Transportation

Indiana Office of the State Chemist Indianapolis, City of, Dept. of Public Works Muncie Sanitary District, Bu. of Water Quality Purdue University St. Joseph River Basin Commission

Iowa:Ames, City ofCedar Rapids, City of, Engng. Dept.Clinton, City ofDavenport, City ofDes Moines, City ofFort Dodge, City ofIowa Department of-

Transportation, Highway Division Nat. Resources, Geological Survey

BureauIowa State UniversityMuscatane Water and Light BoardUniversity of Iowa-

Department of Preventive Medicine Institute of Hydraulic Research Hygienic Laboratory

Kansas:Arkansas River Compact AdministrationBrazos River AuthorityCamerpn, City ofEmporia, City of, Department of Public WorksEquus Beds Groundwater Mgmt. District No. 2Harvey County Conservation DistrictHays, City ofIowa Tribe of Kansas and NebraskaJohnson, County ofKansas Department of TransportationKansas Geological SurveyKansas St. Board of Ag., Div. of Water Res.Kansas State Conservation CommissionKansas State University Dept. of AgronomyKansas University Center for Research, Inc.Kansas Water OfficeLake Resion Resources Conservation CouncilSac and Fox Tribe of MissouriTopeka, City ofUniversity of IowaWichita, City of

Kentucky:Bullitt, County ofCampbellsville Municipal WaterElizabethtown, City ofGeorgetown, City ofGlasgow Water CompanyKentucky Department of Health ServicesKentucky Dept. of Natural Resources &

Environmental Protection Cabinet Kentucky State University Madison County Conservation District Metropolitan Sewer District Middlesboro, City of University of Louisville

Louisiana:Caddo ParishCapital-Area Groundwater Cons. Comm. East Baton Rouge Parish Louisiana Department of~

Environmental QualityOffice of Water Resources

19


Louisiana continuedNatural Resources, Coastal

Coastal Restoration Division Transportation and Development

Bridge HydraulicsLouisiana Office of Emergency Preparedness Minden, City of Plaquemines Parish Sabine River Compact Administration St. John the Baptist Parish Terrebonne Parish West Monroe, City of

Maine:Aroostock County Water & Soil Mgmt. Board Greater Portland Council of Governments Jay, Town of Maine, Department of--

Environmental ProtectionConservation, Geological SurveyHuman ServicesTransportation

North Kennebec Valley Reg. Planning Comm. Northern Maine Regional Planning Comm. Penobscot Indian Nation University of Maine

Maryland:Baltimore, City of, Water Quality Management Hyndman, Borough of Interstate Commerce Commission Maryland Geological Survey Maryland Department of Environment Maryland State Highway Administration Prince Georges County Government Salisbury, City of

Massachusetts:Berkshire, County of Cape Cod Commission Massachusetts Department of-

Environ. Mgmt., Div. of Resource Cons. Environmental Protection-

Division of Water Pollution Control Division of Water Supply Bureau of Waste Site Cleanup

Massachusetts Highway Department Metropolitan District Commission-

Parks, Engng. and Construction Division Watershed Management Division

University of Rhode Island

Michigan:Adrian, City ofAnn Arbor, City ofAntrim County Drain CommissionBattle Creek, City ofBeaverton, City ofCadillac, City ofClare, City ofCliffs Mining Services Co.Coldwater, City of, Board of Public UtilitiesConsumers Power CompanyDelta Charter Township

Michigan-continuedElsie, Village of, Department of Public Works Flint, City of, Water Plant French Paper Company Higgins Lake Foundation Huron-Clinton Metropolitan Authority Huron County Board of Commissioners Imlay, City ofIndiana Michigan Power Co. Kalamazoo, City of, Dept. of Public Works Keweenaw Bay Indian Community Lancing, City of, Board of Water and Light Macomb, County of Mead Paper Company Michigan Department of~

Natural ResourcesOffice of Budget and Federal Aid

TransportationDesign Division

Negaunee, City of, Water & WastewaterTreatment Plant

Norway, City ofOakland County Drainage Commission Otsego County Rd. Comm., Lake Level

ControlPortage, City of Portland, City ofRoscommon County Board of Commissioners STS Hydropower, Ltd.Schoolcraft County Board of Commissioners Southeast Michigan Council Governments Sturgis, City ofTri-County Regional Planning Commission Upper Peninsula Power Company Wayne, County of, Div. of Environ. Health Wisconsin Electric Power Company Wolverine Hydroelectric Wolverine Power Supply Cooperative Ypsilanti Community Utility Authority

Minnesota:Beltrami County Soil & Water Cons. District Elm Creek Cons. Mgmt. & Planning Comm. Grand Portage Band of Chippewa Indians,

Tribal CouncilHubbard County Soil and Water Lower Red River Watershed Mgmt. Board Mille Lacs Reservation Band Government Minnesota Department of~

Natural Resources Transportation

Minnesota Pollution Control Agency Northwest Minnesota Ground Water Steering

CommitteePine County Soil & Water Conservation District Snake River Watershed Planning Committee University of Minnesota, Dept. of Soil Science

Mississippi:Harrison County Development Commission Jackson, City of Jackson County Port Authority Mississippi Department of-

Agriculture and Commerce

20


ippi- Envinvironmental Quality-

Office of Land and Water Resources Office of Pollution Control

Transportation Pat Harrison Water District Pearl River Basin Development District Pearl River Valley Water Supply District Yazoo MS Delta Joint Water Mgmt. Dist.

Missouri:Cape Girardeau, City ofCass County Soil and Water Cons. DistrictColumbia, City ofIndependence, City ofJackson County Parks and RecreationMid-America Regional CouncilMissouri Department of-

ConservationHealthNatural Resources-

Division of Environmental Quality Missouri Highway & Transportation Comm. Rolla, City ofSpringfield, City of, City Utilities St. Francois County Environmental Corp. Watershed Commission of the Ozarks

Montana:Beaverhead County Water and SewerBlackfeet NationFort Peck ReservationGreenfield Irrigation DistrictHelena, City ofJudith Basin Conservation DistrictLewis and Clark County Health DepartmentMontana Bureau of Mines and GeologyMontana Department of~

Fish, Wildlife, and Parks Health and Environmental Sciences Natural Resources and Conservation Transportation

Northern Cheyenne TribeOffice of the GovernorSalish & Kootenai Tribes of Flathead Res.Wyoming State Engineer

Nebraska:Central Platte Natural Resources District Kansas-Nebraska Blue River Compact Admin. Lincoln, City ofLittle Blue Natural Resources District Lower Elkhorn Natural Resources District Lower Platte North Natural Resources District Lower Platte South Natural Resources District Lower Republican Natural Resources District Middle Republican Natural Resources District Nebraska Department of~

Environmental Quality Water Resources

Nebraska Natural Resources Commission Nemaha Natural Resources District North Platte Natural Resources District Omaha, City of

Nebraska co nti nuedPapio-Missouri River Natural Resources Dist. South Platte Natural Resources District Univ. of Nebraska, Conservation & Survey Div. Upper Elkhorn Natural Resources District Upper Loup Naural Resources District Upper Niobrara-White Natural Resources Dist.

Nevada:Carson City/County Dept. of Public WorksClark County Regional Flood Control DistrictClark County Sanitation DistrictDouglas, County ofDuck Valley ReservationHenderson, City ofLas Vegas Valley Water DistrictNevada Bureau of Mines and GeologyNevada Department of~

Conservation and Natural Resources- Division of Environmental Protection Division of Water Resources

TransportationWildlife

Summit Lake Paiute Indian Tribe Tahoe Regional Planning Agency Truckee-Carson Irrigation District Washoe County Planning Department

New Hampshire: Lincoln, Town ofNew Hampshire Department of~

Environmental Services Water Resources Division Water Supply & Pollution Control Div.

New Jersey:Atlantic Highlands, Borough ofBergen, County ofBrick Township Municipal Utility AuthorityGloucester County Planning CommissionHackensack Meadowlands Dev. Comm.Medford, Township ofMercer County Park CommissionMorris County Municipal Utility AuthorityNew Brunswick, City ofNew Jersey Department of-

Environmental Protection and Energy Transportation

New Jersey Water Supply Authority North Jersey District Water Supply Comm. Passaic Valley Water Commission Pinelands Commission Rutgers Environmental Health and Safety Somerset County Board of Chosen

FreeholdersWashington Township Municipal Utility Auth. West Windsor, Township of

New Mexico:Albuquerque, City of

Public Works Department- Hydrology Division Utility Planning Division Waste Water Utility

21


New Mexico-continuedAlbuquerque Metro. Arroyo Flood Control Auth.Arizona Department of Environmental QualityBernalillo, County ofCanadian River Municipal Water AuthorityCostilla Creek Compact CommissionElephant Butte Irrigation DistrictEl Paso Water Utilities & Public Service BoardJornada Reservation, Conservation & Dev.Las Cruces, City of~

Water Department New Mexico Department of-

EnvironmentHighways and Transportation

New Mexico State University, Bd. of Regents Office of the State Engineer Pecos River Commission Picuris Pueblo Pueblo of Laguna Pueblo of Zuni Raton, City ofRio Grande Compact Commission Rio San Jose Flood Control District Ruidoso, Village of Santa Rosa, City of Texas Water Development Board

New York:Amherst, Town of, Engineering DepartmentAuburn, City ofCentral New York Regional Planning BoardChautauqua, County of, Dept. of Plan. & Dev.Cheektowaga, Town ofCornell University, Department of UtilitiesCortland, County of, Planning DepartmentHudson-Black River Regulating DistrictMonroe, County of, Department of HealthNassau, County of~

Department of Public WorksDiv. of Sanitation and Water Supply

New England Interstate Water PollutionControl

NY City Dept. of Environmental Protection- Bureau of Water Supply

New York State Department of-Environmental Conservation-

Bureau of Monitoring & AssessmentTransportation

NY State Energy Research Develop. Auth. New York State Power Authority Nyack, Village of, Bd. of Water Commissioners Onondaga, County of~

Department of Public WorksWater Authority

Onondaga Lake Management Conference Orange County Water Authority Saratoga Springs, City of~

Office of Commissioner of Public Works Suffolk, County of-

Department of Health ServicesWater Authority

Ulster, County of

North Carolina: Asheville, City of Bethel, Town of Brevard City of Chapel Hill, Town of Charlotte, City of Danville, VA, City of Durham, City of Fayetteville, City of Gaston, County of Greensboro, City of Jackson, County of Lexington, City ofLumber River Council of Governments Mecklenburg, County of Morganton, City of North Carolina Coop. Extension Service

Dallas & Raleigh North Carolina State Department of-

Environment, Health, & Natural ResourcesTransportation

Orange, County of Raleigh, City of Rocky Mount, City of Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring, Project

Steering Comm. Western Piedmont Council of Governments

North Dakota:Devils Lake Sioux TribeDickinson, City ofLower Heart Water Resources DistrictMinot, City ofNorth Dakota Department of-

Game and FishHealth, Water Supply, & Pollution ControlParks and RecreationTransportation

State Water Commission Three Affiliated Tribes

Ohio:Akron, City ofCanton, City ofColumbus, City ofCuyahoga River Community Planning Org.Eastgate Development CompanyFranklin, County ofFremont, City ofLima, City ofMadison, County ofMiami Conservancy DistrictN.E. Ohio Regional Sewer DistrictOhio Department of-

Natural ResourcesTransportation

Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Ohio State University Research Foundation Pickaway, County of Ross, County of Seneca Coil and Water District Summit, County of University of Toledo Washington, County of

22


Oklahoma: Ada, City ofCheyenne and Arapaho Tribes McGee Creek Authority Oklahoma City, City of Oklahoma Water Utilities Trust Oklahoma Conservation Commission Oklahoma Department of~

HealthOklahoma Geological Survey Oklahoma State Univ., Div. of Agri. Sciences Oklahoma Water Resources Board Sac and Fox Nation

Oregon:Albany, City ofAshland, City ofBend, City ofCoos, County ofCoos Bay-North Bend Water BoardDouglas, County ofEugene, City ofGresham, City ofJackson, County ofMcMinnville, City ofOregon Department of-

EnergyEnvironmental QualityHuman Resources, State Health DivisionTransportation, Highway DivisionWater Resources

Metropolitan Service District Portland, City of--

Department of UtilitiesBureau of-

Environmental Services Portland State University Tualatin Valley Water District Unified Sewerage Agency Warm Springs Tribal Council

Pennsylvania:Allentown, City of, Engineering DepartmentAlliance for the Chesapeake BayBethlehem, City ofBucks, County ofChester, County of, Water Resources AuthorityCumberland, Maryland, City ofDelaware County Solid Waste AuthorityDelaware, State of, Geological SurveyDelaware River Basin CommissionHarrisburg, City ofHazeKon City Authority Water DepartmentJoint Planning Comm., Lehigh-Northampton

CountiesLetort Regional Authority Media Borough Water Department New York State Dept. of Environmental Cons. North Penn Water Authority Philadelphia, City of Pennsylvania Department of--

Environmental Resources- Bureau of Comm. Environ. Control Bureau of Water Supply & Community

Health

Pennsylvania-continuedBureau of Mining and Reclamation Bureau of Land & Water Conservation Bureau of Topographic & Geol. Survey Bureau of Water Quality Management

TransportationPennsylvania State University Reading, City of, Dept. of Streets & Public

ImprovementsSomerset Conservation District Sunbury, City of, Municipal Authority Susquehanna River Basin Commission Tinicum, Township of University Area Joint Authority West Bradford, Township of Williamsport, City of

Rhode Island:Narragansett Bay Commission Providence, City of, Water Supply Board Rhode Island State Dept. of Environ. Mgmt-

Division of Water Resources Rhode Island Water Resources Board

South Carolina:Beaufort-Jasper County Water & Sewer Auth.Camden, City ofCharleston Harbor ProjectCharleston Public WorksClarendon/Sumter Soil & Water Conservation

DistrictClemson, City of, Department of EngineeringClemson Univ., College of Agri. SciencesGrand Strand Water and Sewer AuthorityGreer Commission of Public WorksMyrtle Beach, City ofOconee County Sewer CommissionSouth Carolina State-

Department of Health & Environ. Control Department of Highways & Public Trans. Public Service Authority Water Resources Commission Wildlife & Marine Resources Department

South Carolina Sea Grant ConsortiumSpartanburg Sanitary Sewer DistrictSpartanburg Water SystemUniversity of South Carolina-

Dept. of Environmental & Health ServicesWaccamaw Regional Planning & Dev. CouncilWestern Carolina Regional Sewer Authority

South Dakota:Area II Minnesota River BasinBelle Fou re he Irrigation DistrictCheyenne River Sioux TribeEast Dakota Water Development DistrictLake Kampeska Water Project DistrictLower Brule Sioux TribeMellette, County ofNorth Central Resource Conservation & Dev.Oglala Sioux Tribe, Water Resources DivisionPennington Co. Drainage CommissionRapid City, City ofRosebud Sioux TribeSioux Falls, City of

23

Appendix A.-Cooperators by State, fiscal year 1993 (continued)

South Dakota-continuedSouth Dakota Department of-

Environment and Natural Resources- Geological Survey Division Water Rights Division

Game, Fish and Parks Transportation

South Dakota School of Mines and Technology South Dakota State University

Civil Engineering Department Horticulture, Forestry, Landscape & Parks

Department Spearfish, City ofStanley County Conservation District Watertown, City ofWest Dakota Water Development District West River Water Development District Wyoming State Engineer

Tennessee: Alcoa, City ofAlpha Talbott Utility District Bartlett, City of Brentwood, City of Camden, City ofChattanooga, City of, Dept. of Public Works Clemson University Dept. of Environmental

Toxicology Columbia, City of Crossville, City of Dickson, City of Eastside Utility District Franklin, City of Gatlinburg, City of Germantown, City ofHamilton County Office of Emergency Mgmt. Harriman Utility Board Harpeth Valley Utility District Johnson City, City of, Public Works Dept. Knoxville, City of Lincoln, County ofMemphis, City of, Light, Gas, & Water Division Memphis State University Metropolitan Governments, Nashville, City of,

& Davidson, County of Murfreesboro, City of, Water & Sewer Dept. Red Boiling Springs, Town of Rogersville, Town of Savannah Valley Utility District Sevierville, City of Shelby County Government Shelby County Soil Conservation District Tennessee Department of--

AgricultureEnvironment & Conservation, Office of

Water ProgramsTransprtation--

Division of Planning Division of Structures

Tennessee State Planning Office Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency Tu I la ho ma Utilities Board Union City, City of University of Tennessee

Tennessee-continuedUpper Duck River Development Agency Wartrace, City of

Texas:Abilene, City ofArlington, City ofAustin, City ofBarton Springs/Edwards Aquifer Conservation

DistrictBexar-Medina-Atascosa Counties Brazos River Authority Canadian River Muncipal Water Authority Coastal Water Authority Colorado River Municipal Water District Corpus Christi, City of Dallas, City ofDallas, City of, Public Works Department Edwards Underground Water District El Paso, City of, Public Service Board Fort Bend Subsidence District Fort Worth, City of Gainesville, City of Galveston, County of Garland, City of Georgetown, City of Graham, City ofGreenbelt Municipal & Industrial Water Auth. Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority Harris, County of, Flood Control District Harris-Galveston Coastal Subsidence District Houston, City ofHouston-Galveston Area Council Lavaca-Navidad River Authority Lower Colorado River Authority Lower Neches Valley Authority Lubbock, City of Nacogdoches, City ofNorth Central Texas Council of Governments North Central Texas Municipal Water Authority North Texas Municipal Water District North East Texas Municipal Water District Orange, County of Pecos River Commission Red River Authority of Texas Sabine River Authority of Texas Sabine River Compact Administration San Angelo, City of San Antonio, City of~

City Public Service Water Systems

San Antonio River Authority San Jacinto River Authority Somerville County Water District Tarrant, County of, Water Control &

Improvement District No. 1 Texas Soil and Water Conservation Board Texas State Department of Transportation Texas Water Commission Texas Water Development Board Titus, Co. of, Fresh Water Supply Dist. No. 1 Trinity River Authority University of Texas at Austin Upper Guadalupe River Authority

24

Appendix A.-Cooperators by State, fiscal year 1993 (continued)

Texas-continuedUpper Neches River Municipal Water Authority West Central Texas Municipal Water District Wichita, Co. of, Water Improvement Dist. No. 2 Wichita Falls, City of

iJlati:Bear River CommissionCentral Utah Water Conservation DistrictOgden River Water Users AssociationSalt Lake, County of, Division of Flood ControlTooele, City ofUniversity of UtahUtah Department of--

Natural Resources- Oil, Gas and Mining Division Water Resources Division Water Rights Division

Utah Geological SurveyWeber Basin Waer Conservancy DistrictWeber River Water Users Association

Vermont:Department of Environmental Conservation

Water Supply Division Water Quality Division

Virginia:Accomack-Northampton Planning Dist. Comm.Alexandria, City ofDanville, City ofDelaware GeologicalSurveyHampton Roads Planning District CommissionJames City, County ofMaryland, Department of~

EnvironmentState Highway Administration

Newport News, City ofNorthern Virginia Planning District Commission Prince William Health District Prince William Public Works Roanoke, City ofSoutheastern Public Service Authority of VA University of Virginia, Dept. of Environmental

Sciences Virginia Department of~

Environmental QualityTransportation

Washington:Aberdeen, City ofBellevue, City ofChelan, County of, Public Utility District No. 1Cowlrtz, County ofDouglas, County of, Public Utility District No. 1Hoh Indian TribeJamestown S'Klallam TribeKent, City ofKing, County of, Department of Public WorksLewis, County of, Board of CommissionersMakah Indian TribeNisqually Indian TribeOregon Department of Fish and WildlifePacific, County of

Washington-continued Pierce, County of Quileute Tribal Council Quinault Indian Business Committee Seattle, City ofSkagit, County of, Department of Public Works Skagit Conservation District Snohomish, County of-

Board of CommissionersPublic Works

Tacoma, City of, Department of~Public UtilitiesPublic Works

Thurston, County of, Department of-Public Works

Umatilla Indian Tribal Council Washington Department of--

EcologyFisheriesNatural ResourcesTransportation

Washington state Community Development Yakima Indian Nation

West Virginia:Morgantown, City of, Utility Board New Martinsville, City of West Virginia Division of~

HighwaysEnvironmental Protection

Office of Water Resources Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation

West Virginia Geological & Economic Survey

Wisconsin:Alma/Moon Lake DistrictBalsam Lake Protection & Rehab. DistrictBaraboo, Town ofBarren, City ofBear Lake, Town ofBeaver Dam, City ofBig Muskego Lake DistrictBrookfield, City ofBrown County Planning CommissionCedar Lake, Town ofDane, County of--

Department of Public Works Lakes and Watershed Management Regional Planning Commission

Darboy Sanitary District No. 1Delavan, Town ofDruid Lake Inland Protection & Rehab. DistrictEagle Spring Lake ManagementEast Central Wisconsin Reg. Planning Comm.Elkhart Lake Improvement AssociationFond Du Lac, City ofFowler Lake Management DistrictGreen Bay Metropolitan Sewerage DistrictGreen Lake Sanitary DistrictHillsboro, City ofHills Lake Management DistrictHooker Lake DistrictHubbard, Township ofIllinois Department of Transportation

25


Wi scon si n-cp nti nu ed Kansasville, Town of Kaukauna Electric and Water Utilities Kimberly Water Works Department Lac Du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior

ChippewaLake Keesus Management District Lake Nebagamon, Village of Little Arbor Vitae Protection & Rehab. District Little Chute, Village ofLittle Green Lake Protection & Rehab. District Little Muskego Lake District Little St. Germain Lake District Loon Lake/Wescot Management District Madison, City of, Engineering Department Madison Metropolitan Sewerage District Marinette County Land Conservation Dept. Mead, Township ofMenasha, Town of, Sanitary District No. 4 Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin Muskego, City of Norway, Town of Oconomowoc Lake, Village of Okauchee Lake Management District Oneida Tribe of Indians of Wisconsin Park Lake Management District Peshtigo, City of Pretty Lake Management District Potters Lake Rehabilitation & Protection Dist. Powers Lake Management District Rock County Public Works Department St. Germain, Town of Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning

Commission Sparta, City ofStockbridge-Munsee Band of Mohican Indians Summit, Town of Thorp, City of Troy, Town ofUpper Nemahbin Lake Management District Waupun, City ofWhitewater-Rice Lake Management District Wind Lake Management District Wisconsin Department of-

JusticeNatural ResourcesTransportation

Wittenberg, Village of Wolf Lake Management District

Wyoming:Cheyenne, City ofColorado State UniversityEvanston, City ofFreemont, County of, Weed and Pest DistrictJoint Business CouncilMid vale Irrigation DistrictSheridan Water Supply BoardStar Valley Conservation DistrictTeton, County ofWater Development CommissionWater Resources Research InstituteWind River Environmental Quality Commission

Wyoming--continuedWyoming Department of-

AgricultureEnvironmental QualityGame and FishHighways

Wyoming State Engineer

American Samoa:Environmental Protection Agency of American

Samoa Power Authority

Guam:Guam, Government of, Environmental

Protection Agency

Puerto Rico:Municipality of ManatiPuerto Rico Aqueduct and Sewer AuthorityPuerto Rico Civil DefensePuerto Rico Department of Naturaj ResourcesPuerto Rico Electric Power AuthorityPuerto Rico Environmental Quality BoardPuerto Rico Industrial Development CompanyVirgin Islands Water and Power Authority

Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands:Commonwealth Utilities Corp., Saipan Northern Mariana Islands, Commonwealth of

Division of Environmental Quality Office of the Governor, Saipan

Municipality of Tinian Pohnpei State Government Republic of Palau

26

App

endi

x B

.-Li

st o

f sel

ecte

d U

.S.

Geo

logi

cal S

urve

y in

vest

igat

ions

and

res

earc

h ac

tiviti

es r

elat

ed to

agr

icul

ture

th

at w

ere

in p

rogr

ess

fisca

l yea

rs 1

990-

93.

[Not

e: P

rinci

pal e

mph

asis

-GW

, gro

und

wat

er;

SW,

surfa

ce w

ater

. S

ourc

e of

fund

ing-

-C,

Fede

ral-S

tate

C

oope

rativ

e P

rogr

am;

F-F

eder

al P

rogr

am; O

FA

-Oth

er F

eder

al A

genc

y P

rogr

am.]

Pro

ject

Num

ber

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imen

t-tra

nspo

rted

pollu

tant

s in

the

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siss

ippi

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erM

id C

ontin

ent T

riazi

ne H

erbi

cide

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econ

nais

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eg:

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er q

ualit

y, a

nd ti

me

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trave

l, Bi

g C

reek

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e, a

nd w

ater

qu

ality

at

Mob

ile R

iver

at B

ucks

An a

sses

smen

t of h

ydro

logi

cal

prob

lem

s as

soci

ated

with

aqu

acul

ture

in

wes

t-cen

tral A

laba

ma

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initi

on o

f the

gro

und-

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er fl

ow

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em a

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pplic

atio

n of

m

etho

dolo

gies

to o

ptim

ize

grou

nd-

wat

er m

anag

emen

t in

the

allu

vial

aq

uife

r of

eas

tern

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ansa

sN

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nal W

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lity

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essm

ent

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gram

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zark

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teau

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nd s

ubsi

denc

e an

d de

term

inin

g ea

rth fi

ssur

ing

pote

ntia

l in

the

Tucs

on B

asin

, P

ima

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nty

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iod

of S

tudy

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to 9

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to 1

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to 9

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atio

n to

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icul

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cts

of a

gric

ultu

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nw

ater

qua

lity

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urre

nce

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port

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estic

ides

illlllllililililllllllllliilllllii

Effe

cts

of a

gric

ultu

re o

n w

ater

qua

lity

Effe

cts

of a

quac

ultu

re o

n hy

dro

logi

c en

viro

nmen

t

Ava

ilabi

lity

of w

ater

for

irrig

atio

n

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cts

of a

gric

ultu

re o

n w

ater

qua

lity

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atio

n of

gro

und-

wat

er

pum

ping

for

irrig

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n to

la

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ubsi

denc

e

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rce

of

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ing

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endi

x B

.--Li

st o

f sel

ecte

d U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l Sur

vey

inve

stig

atio

ns a

nd r

esea

rch

activ

ities

rel

ated

to a

gric

ultu

re (

cont

inue

d)

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ject

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ber

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88-4

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86-4

62

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elop

men

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n ac

coun

ting

syst

em

for w

ater

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sum

ptiv

e us

e in

the

low

er C

olor

ado

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er,

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de to

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exic

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appi

ng v

eget

atio

n w

ater

use

ca

lcul

ated

from

rem

otel

y-se

nsed

dat

a as

a fu

nctio

n of

soi

l moi

stur

e, M

aric

opa

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ll^^l^

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asse

ssm

ent o

f qua

lity

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cont

amin

ant t

rans

port

in th

e so

ils a

nd

grou

nd w

ater

of t

he S

an L

uis

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ject

se

rvic

e ar

eaIrr

igat

ion

drai

nage

fiel

d-sc

reen

ing

stud

y of

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ram

ento

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uge

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plex

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tern

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quin

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ley

hydr

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ic

stud

ies

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atio

n dr

aina

ge fi

eld-

scre

enin

g st

udy

of K

lam

ath

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in R

efug

e C

ompl

exIrr

igat

ion

drai

nage

fiel

d-re

conn

aiss

ance

st

udy,

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ton

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are

a

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iod

of S

tudy

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sum

ptiv

e us

e of

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by a

gric

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re

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atio

n of

ev

apot

rans

pira

tion

to s

oil

moi

stur

e

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cts

of ir

rigat

ion

drai

nage

on

wat

er q

ualit

y

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cts

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rigat

ion

drai

nage

on

wat

er q

ualit

yE

ffect

s of

irrig

atio

n dr

aina

ge o

n w

ater

qua

lity

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cts

of ir

rigat

ion

drai

nage

on

wat

er q

ualit

yE

ffect

s of

irrig

atio

n dr

aina

ge o

n w

ater

qu

ality

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rce

of

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C

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App

endi

x B

.--Li

st o

f sel

ecte

d U

.S. G

eolo

gica

l Sur

vey

inve

stig

atio

ns a

nd re

sear

ch a

ctiv

ities

rel

ated

to a

gric

ultu

re (c

ontin

ued)

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ject

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ber

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luat

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of g

roun

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ntam

inat

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from

agr

icul

tura

l irr

igat

ion,

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poc

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aile

d st

udy

and

asse

ssm

ent o

f irr

igat

ion

drai

nage

in th

e S

alto

n S

ea

area

Eva

luat

ion

of s

ubsi

denc

e ra

tes

and

proc

esse

s in

sur

ficia

l pea

t, S

acra

men

to-S

an J

oaqu

in D

elta

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ates

in th

e H

emet

gro

und-

wat

er

subb

asin

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cess

gov

erni

ng th

e di

strib

utio

n an

d m

obili

ty o

f dis

solv

ed s

olid

s an

d se

lect

ed tr

ace

elem

ents

in s

hallo

w

grou

nd w

ater

, Tul

are

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bas

inS

an F

ranc

isco

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est

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toxi

c co

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inan

t stu

dy

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iona

l Wat

er Q

ualit

y A

sses

smen

t P

rogr

am,

San

Joa

quin

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are

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ins

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atio

n dr

aina

ge d

etai

led

stud

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lam

ath

basi

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alifo

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9/9

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1 to

9/9

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cipa

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mph

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GW

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atio

n to

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icul

ture

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cts

of ir

rigat

ion

on

wat

er q

ualit

y

Effe

cts

of ir

rigat

ion

drai

nage

on

wat

er

qual

ity

Rel

atio

n of

low

erin

g w

ater

ta

ble

for

crop

pro

duct

ion

to s

ubsi

denc

e

Effe

cts

of a

gric

ultu

ral

activ

ities

on

nitr

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conc

entr

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ns in

gro

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wat

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gric

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drai

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gric

ultu

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chem

ical

s on

wat

er

qual

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agr

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ualit

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ffect

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irrig

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qua

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rce

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ing

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endi

x B

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st o

f sel

ecte

d U

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eolo

gica

l Sur

vey

inve

stig

atio

ns a

nd r

esea

rch

activ

ities

rel

ated

to a

gric

ultu

re (

cont

inue

d)

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ject

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ber

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reek

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luvi

al a

quife

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wat

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fect

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ear

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ver

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preh

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fect

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junc

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wat

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ject

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cos

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asin

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uthw

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effe

cts

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gric

ultu

ral a

pplic

atio

n of

se

wag

e sl

udge

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unsa

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ted

zone

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sat

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near

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ver

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occu

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n w

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in

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irrig

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cts

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sew

age

slud

ge a

pplie

d to

fa

rmla

nd

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cts

of a

gric

ultu

re o

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ncen

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ides

in g

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x B

.-Li

st o

f sel

ecte

d U

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gica

l Sur

vey

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stig

atio

ns a

nd r

esea

rch

activ

ities

rel

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gric

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cont

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e Fl

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ian

aqui

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entra

l Flo

rida

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cts

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qua

lity

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th

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dom

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atm

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ludg

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verly

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r, D

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er b

y sp

ray

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to a

gric

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Num

ber

Title

Per

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of S

tudy

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cipa

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pera

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face

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thw

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93-1

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terp

reta

tion

of d

ata

from

Nat

iona

l Irr

igat

ion

Wat

er Q

ualit

y P

rogr

am i

nves

tigat

ions

of a

reas

re

ceiv

ing

irrig

atio

n dr

aina

ge

Per

iod

of S

tudy

7/89

to 9

/94

3/9

0 t

o 9/9

2

9/9

2 t

o 9/9

4

Prin

cipa

l E

mph

asis

SW

SW

GW

-SW

Rel

atio

n to

Agr

icul

ture

Effe

ct o

f agr

icul

tura

l pr

actic

es o

n w

ater

qua

lity

Effe

cts

of s

eepa

ge f

rom

irr

igat

ion

cana

ls o

n w

ater

qu

ality

and

ava

ilabi

lity

Effe

cts

of ir

rigat

ion

drai

nage

on

wat

er q

ualit

y

Sou

rce

of

Fund

ing

C C F

01

WATER-RESOURCES PROGRAM - USGS · COOPERATIVE WATER-RESOURCES PROGRAM, ... and analytical...

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Transcript of WATER-RESOURCES PROGRAM - USGS · COOPERATIVE WATER-RESOURCES PROGRAM, ... and analytical...