Water Resources

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WATER RESOURCES USE AND OVER UTILIZATION OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER,FLOODS,DROUGHTS,CONFLICTS OVER WATER DAMS,BENEFITS

description

A Study of Water Resources in the world

Transcript of Water Resources

WATER RESOURCESUSE AND OVER UTILIZATION OF SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER,FLOODS,DROUGHTS,CONFLICTS OVER WATER DAMS,BENEFITSWATERImportance o WaterWATER RESOURCESWater re!o"rce!are !o"rce! o$atert%at are "!e"& or potent'a&&( "!e"&)U!e! o $ater 'nc&"*e a+r'c"&t"ra& ,'n*"!tr'a&, %o"!e%o&*, recreat'ona& an* en,'ronmenta&act','t'e!)AVAILABILIT- OF WATERSOURCES OF WATERS"race Water So"rce!Gro"n* Water So"rce!Fro.en Water So"rce!Over-Exploitation of Water ResourcesO,er/ Ep&o'tat'onO,ere0p&o'tat'on, a&!o ca&&e*o,er%ar,e!t'n+, reer! to %ar,e!t'n+ arene$a1&e re!o"rceto t%epo'nt o *'m'n'!%'n+ ret"rn!)S"!ta'ne* o,ere0p&o'tat'on can &ea* to t%e *e!tr"ct'on o t%e re!o"rce)Water re!o"rce!, !"c% a!&a2e!an*a3"'er!, are "!"a&&( rene$a1&e re!o"rce! $%'c% nat"ra&&( rec%ar+e)O,ere0p&o'tat'on o+ro"n*$aterrom ana3"'ercan re!"&t 'n apea2 $ater/c"r,e)WATER CALAMITIESF&oo*!F&oo*!Afoo'! an o,er4o$ o $ater t%at !"1mer+e! &an* $%'c% '! "!"a&&( *r()F&oo*'n+ ma( occ"r a! an o,er4o$ o $ater rom $ater 1o*'e!, !"c% a! ar',eror &a2e, 'n $%'c% t%e $ater o,ertop! or 1rea2!&e,ee!, re!"&t'n+ 'n !ome o t%at $ater e!cap'n+ 't! "!"a& 1o"n*ar'e!,or 't ma( occ"r *"e to an acc"m"&at'on o ra'n$ater on !at"rate* +ro"n* 'n an area& 4oo*)5atman*", Nepa&6Reporte*789t% A"+"!t,:;8; on Mon*a(, accor*'n+ to o?c'a&! 'n Nepa& an* In*'a)More t%an 8;; peop&e are !t'&& m'!!'n+ 'n Nepa&, mo!t&( 'n &o$/&('n+ area! t%ro"+%o"t t%e co"ntr(, !a'* La0m' @ra!a* D%a2a&, a !po2e!man or t%e Nepa& M'n'!tr( o Home AAa'r!)More t%an 88,;;; %ome! %a,e 1een *ama+e* an* ro"+%&( ::,;;; am'&'e! *'!p&ace* 'n t%e 4oo*!)Dro"+%t!Dro"+%t!Dro"+%t'! an e0ten*e* per'o* $%en a re+'on rece',e! a *eBc'enc( 'n 't! $ater !"pp&(, $%et%er atmo!p%er'c,!"raceor+ro"n* $ater)A *ro"+%t can &a!t or mont%! or (ear!, or ma( 1e *ec&are* ater a! e$ a! 8> *a(!)It can %a,e a !"1!tant'a& 'mpact on t%eeco!(!teman*a+r'c"&t"reo t%e aAecte* re+'on)An*%ra @ra*e!%!a"sDam!A*am'! a 1arr'er t%at'mpo"n*!$ateror "n*er+ro"n* !tream!)Dam! +enera&&( !er,e t%e pr'mar( p"rpo!e o reta'n'n+ $ater, $%'&e ot%er !tr"ct"re! !"c% a! 4oo*+ate!or&e,ee! are "!e* to mana+e or pre,ent $ater 4o$ 'nto !pec'Bc &an* re+'on!)H(*ropo$eran*p"mpe*/!tora+e %(*roe&ectr'c't( are oten "!e* 'n conC"nct'on $'t% *am! to +enerate e&ectr'c't() A *am can a&!o 1e "!e* to co&&ect $ater or or !tora+e o $ater $%'c% can 1e e,en&( *'!tr'1"te* 1et$een &ocat'on!)Hoo,er Dam , Co&ora*o R',erB%a2ra Dam ,R',er S"t&eC Con4'ct! o,er Water Re!o"rce!C%'na/In*'a7T%e Bra%map"tra R',erT%e Bra%map"tra R',er '! a :,D;; 2m r',er t%at or'+'nate! 'n T'1et an* 4o$! t%ro"+% In*'aE! Ar"nac%a& @ra*e!% !tate 1eore mer+'n+ $'t% t%e Gan+e! an* *ra'n'n+ 'nto t%e Ba( o Ben+a& 'n Ban+&a*e!%)It '! con!'*ere* an 'mportant re!o"rce 'n a&& t%ree co"ntr'e! t%at 't 4o$! t%ro"+%7 or ener+(/%"n+r( C%'na, 't pro,'*e! %(*roe&ectr'c't(F an* or In*'a an* Ban+&a*e!%, a 2e( a+r'c"&t"ra& &'e&'ne 'n ot%er$'!e o,erpop"&ate* an* ar'* re+'on)T#an$ %ou&