Water Resource Technologies

John S. Young, Jr.Chief Operating Officer American WaterNational Drinking Water SymposiumOctober 2, 2007

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Water Resource Technologies

Supply

– Desalination

– Water Reuse

Demand

– Leak Detection

Impact

– Climate Change

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Desalination

What is it?

Does it work?

Is it cost-effective?

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CT

WA

ORID

MT

WY

UT

CO

NV

CA

AZNM

ND

SD

MN

IA

WI

TX

OK

KS

NE

MO

IL

KY

MI

AK

MS AL GA

PA

LA

FL

SC

VAWV

NY

ME

NH

RI

MD

NC

OHIN

VT

MA

TN

NJ

Hawaii

Added Desalination Capacity by State (U.S.) 1995-2006

DE

WV

KY

< 0.1 mgd> 0.1 mgd> 1 mgd> 5 mgd> 10 mgd> 50 mgd> 100 mgd > 200 mgd> 500 mgd

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Worldwide Desalination Installed Capacity1965-2005

Source: GWI Desal Database 10/06

10.6 Billion gallons per day of Installed Capacity

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Desalination

Conventional resources

Recycling/Resuse

Marginal resources

1995 2005 2015 2025 2035

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

$/kgal

Source: Global Water Intelligence 10/06

$5/kgal

Convergence of CostsCosts of Water by Source

Largest of its kind in U.S.

25 mgd design capacity

Treatment Process• Disinfection• Chemical Feed• Coagulation/Flocculation• Sand Filtration• Diatomaceous Earth• Cartridge Filters• Two pass Reverse Osmosis

• 10,032 membranes installed• Disinfection• Stabilization

14 megawatt power demand30 - 40% energy recovery

Tampa Bay Seawater Desalination Plant

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Carlsbad Seawater Desalination Plant

Largest North American seawater desalination project

54 mgd capacity (serves 300,000 residents annually)

Treatment Process• Microscreens• UF Membranes• RO Membranes• Disinfection• Stabilization

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Water Reuse in the U.S.

Water reuse in the U.S. is a large and growing practice

An estimated 1.7 billion gallons per day is reused

Reclaimed water use on a volume basis is growing an estimated 15% per year

In 2002, Florida reclaimed 584 mgd; California ranked a close second with 525 mgd used everyday

Florida has an official goal of reclaiming 1 billion gallons perday by the year 2010

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Types of Reuse

Urban

Industrial

Agricultural

Environmental/Recreational

Groundwater Recharge

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Membrane Bioreactor vs. Conventional Treatment

Simplified MBR Treatment Process

Conventional Multi-Step Tertiary Treatment Process

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Membrane Bioreactor

Treatment• Screens

• Biological Reactor

• Membranes

MBR Technology• Compact

• Effective

• Automated

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Innovative Solution: Water ReuseResidential Apartment Complex

First on-site water recycling system in the U.S.

Multi-family residential building

Initial service date: 2003

Gallons per day: 25,000

Population served: 750

Reuse applications: toilet flushing, cooling tower make-up, irrigation

Received LEED Gold Certification from the U.S. Green Building Counsel

The Solaire, Battery Park City, NY

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Innovative Solution: Water ReuseStadium

68,000-seat stadium

Initial service date: 2002

Gallons per day: 250,000

Population served: Varies

500,000 gallon storage tank

Reuse applications: toilet flushing

Gillette Stadium, Foxboro, MA

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Leak Detection Acoustic Monitoring

Low-cost, waterproof sensor installed near a water meter

Easily strapped to service pipe

Maintenance-free, 10+ years (battery)

Mobile radio or AMR communication interface

Graphics courtesy of Flow Metrics

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Combining AMR Fixed Network and Acoustic Monitoring

Schematic courtesy of Hexagram

Water Meter

American Water Computer

Water Meter

Water Meter

Data Collector Units

MLOG

“MLOG”COMPUTER

Billing Meter reads

Acoustic (leak) Data

Meter Reads, Meter Status

Acoustic (leak) Data

Billing, and recent Meter reads

Selected Reports

Selected Meter reads

Meter Transmitter Units

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Daily acoustic information is captured, analyzed, and the location of leaks e-mailed to field personnel.

Leaks are detected and repaired before they surface.

Non-revenue water can be significantly reduced.

Costs associated with individual leak repairs can be diminished.

Damage to surrounding infrastructure and private property can be curtailed.

Innovative Solution: Leak Detection

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Emerging Treatment Technologies

Ozone

UV Disinfection

Membrane

Desalination

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Emerging Treatment Technologies

Ozone

UV Disinfection

Membrane

Desalination

Energy Intensive

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Water Resource Challenges

Climate Change

Drought, Saltwater Intrusion,Unpredictable Weather Patterns Increased Energy Consumption

Technology Solutions

Water Resource Solution Cycle

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What is Climate Leaders?

A voluntary EPA partnership with U.S. companies to develop long-term, comprehensive climate change strategies

– Inventory corporate GHG emissions

– Set corporate-wide greenhouse-gas reduction goals

– Measure and report GHG emissions to the EPA

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Why did American Water Join Climate Leaders?

Consistent with American Water’s Environmental Policy and leadership ethic

Climate change will impact future water quantity and quality

Customer and regulator commitment of sustainability

American Water was accepted into the Climate Leaders Partnership on January 19, 2006