Water | Mark Williams
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Transcript of Water | Mark Williams
Carbon Accounting and Management in the Water Industry
Carbon Accounting Conference
11th March 2009
Heriot Watt University
Dr Mark Williams
Business Strategy and Climate Change Manager
The challenge
Vast business
Complex activities
Energy intense
Major capital investment
Long-life assets
Investment and energy intensity
2002-2010 £4bn in quality enhancement Improved infrastructure, service,
quality Increased treatment intensity
But – 2.5% annual rise in energy demand
One of Scotland’s largest consumers
of electricity
Carbon accounting: seeking a common water industry approach
Strong UK water industry approach – consistency
Long history of development
Operational, embodied, supply chain
Guidance on Whole Life Costing
Dominant GHG emissions from the water industry
CO2 – direct and indirect from fuel and electricity
CH4 – direct from sewage and sludge processes
N2O – direct from sewage and sludge processes
The “Whole Life Carbon” challenge: - making the right choices- evolving a sustainable asset base
Carbon embedded in materials
Carbon emitted during construction
Carbon emitted during capital maintenance
Carbon emitted during operation
From “Carbon accounting in the UK water industry: Guidelines for dealing with ‘embodied carbon’ and whole life carbon accounting”, UKWIR 08/CL/01/6
CO2 from direct and indirect energy use
See Phase 1
First Construction
See Phase 2 (Section 2 + Section 3)
N2O, CH4 from processes
See Phase 1
Capital maintenance and renewal
See Phase 2 (Section 4.3.4)
Construction – Embodied emissions
Operation and Maintenance – Operational emissions
Embodied Emissions
DEFRA Guideline Emissions Non-Defra Emissions
FF CO2 emissions* Other GHG emissions
+
*CRC, ROCsand EU ETS all only consider Fossil Fuel CO2 but their rules differ in detail.
++
Home water heating
Local customer water recycling or harvesting investment
Water N2O emissions downstream of effluent discharges
See Phase 2 (Section 5)
Excluded emissions(examples)
Embodied Emissions
CO2 from direct
and indirect
energy use
First
Construction
N2O, CH4 from processes Chemicals for Treatment
Capital maintenance and renewal
Construction – Embodied emissions
Whole Life Carbon Emissions
Operation and Maintenance – Operational emissions
Embodied Emissions
DEFRA Guideline Emissions Non-Defra Emissions
CO2 emissions*
Other GHG emissions
+
*CRC, ROCsand EU ETS all only consider Fossil Fuel CO2 but their rules differ in detail.
++
Home water heating
Local customer water
recycling or harvesting investment
Water N2O emissions
downstream of
effluent discharges
Excluded emissions(examples)
Embodied Emissions
Operational Boundaries
(adapted from Figure 5.2, UKWIR, 2007)
Operational activities from
leased buildings
Sludge transport and
disposal
Waste water treatment
Water treatmentSludge
treatment
PFICompany
Direct and indirect emissions
ScottishWater
Raw Water
Abstraction Water
DistributionSewage
TreatmentTreatment
SewageCollection
Discharge
2006-7 Carbon Footprint
• Scotland: 8% of UK population• Scottish Water: 10.6% of UK Water Industry emissions
469,000 tonnes CO2e
A Water FootprintBreakdown
• Wastewater = 45%• Sewerage = 13%• Water = 30%• Water supply = 9%• Others = 3%
100%
66%Grid electricity:
13%Gas
9% Sludge
Process emissions
6%WW process
emissions
2.2%Skip Waste
0.3%Water treatment
process emissions
3.5%Transport & Travel
A Water FootprintBreakdown
Improving operational footprinting
Ongoing measurement and tracking
More ‘granular’ reporting
Management at asset level
Supply chains
Capital Emissions: First construction
SitePreparation CommissioningConstruction
DemolitionClearanceWasteTransport
ConcreteSteelAggregatesWastePlant
PumpingSampling mileage
Non Infrastructure
SitePreparation CommissioningConstruction
DemolitionClearanceWasteTransport
ConcreteSteelAggregatesWastePlant
PumpingSampling mileage
Excavation Pipe work
WasteTransport
MaterialsWaste
Infrastructure
Excavation Pipe work
WasteTransport
MaterialsWaste
Current Capital Programme – initial assessment
“top down” using “bottom up” case studies
£ built from aggregating ‘construction components’
Carbon tagged to components/sub-components
Testing using case studies - extrapolate across programme
Circa 1.4m tonnes 2006-2010
Our ambition
Develop WLC tools that will allow carbon accounting in capital programme
Enable design engineers to account for carbon
Build capability to make sustainable decisions
“Doing the right thing”
Carbon mitigation strategy Proactive Contributing towards
Scotland’s targets Reducing demand Renewable generation Building a sustainable business