Prepared By : Jotish Chandra Roy

ID: 12132107059

8th Intake

Fabric manufacturing Technology

Email:jotishroy13@gmail.com

Bangladesh University of Business and Technology(BUBT)

Department Of Textile EngineeringPlot # 77-78, Road # 9, Rupnagar, Dhaka 1216

Introduction ( Water Jet loom)

History

Mechanism & Parts

Merits and Demerits

Uses & Conclusion

weaveingLoom

MotionsWater

jet loom

� The process of producing a fabric by interlacing

warp and weft threads is known as weaving.

� The machine used for weaving is known as

weaving machine or loom

The basic purpose of any loom is to hold the

(‘.’)

� The basic purpose of any loom is to hold the

warp threads under tension to facilitate the

interweaving of the weft threads.

Shedding,picking,beat up.

� The precise shape of the loom and its mechanics

may vary, but the basic function is the same.

� 1. Primary mechanisms � Shedding mechanism

� Picking mechanism

� Beat-up mechanism

2. Secondary mechanisms

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� 2. Secondary mechanisms� Take-up motion

� Let-off motion.

� 3. Auxillary mechanism� Warp protector mechanism

� Temples , Brake

� Weft stop motion

� Warp stop motion

�Different types of looms are most often defined by the way

that the weft, or pick, is inserted into

the warp.the warp.

� Many advances in weft insertion have been made in order

to make manufactured cloth more cost effective.

� Water-jet weaving machines were first developed in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s and Subsequently refined by the Japanese in the 1960s.

� The water jet loom was first shown at the Brussels � The water jet loom was first shown at the Brussels textile Machinery Exhibition in 1995.

� Water- Jet weaving Machines: These Machines have made significant appearance in Japan and some European countries, where more than 60,000 Machines are installed. How-ever they cannot be called versatile and flexible

• Pick insertion Rate ( 1800 yards per minute)

• (1975)

• Pick insertion Rate ( 2280 M/ Minute)

• (1995)

Water jet Air jet

• Pick insertion Rate ( 750 to 900 yards per minute)

• Pick insertion Rate (1000 and 1350 yards per minute)

• (1972)

Water jet Air jet

RapierProjectile

�

� A water Jet is the machine for weaveing cloth (loom) which use a Jet of Water to insert the weft (crosswise threads) into the warp (leghtwise

threads)

� The force of air water carriers the yarn from one side to the other.

These machines are produced only by few companies and are used for � These machines are produced only by few companies and are used for the

manufacture of light and medium weight fabrics with standard characteristics

and in water repellent fibre materials,

� Water jet machines are extensively used in East Asia, but have limited importance in other countries.

� They are characterized in particular by high insertion performance and low

energy consumption

� In this technique a water jet is shot under force and, with it, a weft yarn. The force of the water as it is propelled across the shed carries the yarn to the opposite side. This machine is economical in its operation. operation.

1

• A water jet of only 0.1centimeter is sufficient to carry a yarn across a 48 inch shed.

2

• The amount of water required for each weft yarn is less than 2.0 cubic centimeters.

3• Water-jet machines can reach speeds of 2,000 meters of picks per minute

Accumulator Tension regulator

Measuring devices

• Nozzles

• Leno devices

regulator

• Thermal knives

• Pump

devices

• Electric fellers

• Sensors

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� Figure shows how the machine operate: The weft yarn, which is fed from cone 7, is drawn-off by a feeding and measuring device 2 and then passes through a tension regulator 3 and a weft clamp 4. When the insertion has to take place, the weft clamp loosens its hold and the thread inserted inside a nozzle 1 is struck by a jet of pressurized water and launched through the shed at high speed. After the insertion has taken place, while the weft is hold flat by the threads which are moved by the leno mechanisms 5, the thermal knives 14 enter into action on the launch side to cut the weft, and on the opposite side to trim the fabric. A yarn clamping device 13 holds the weft waste which is cut off by the right-handed thermal knife, while rotating gears arrange for its removal (centre selvedge).

� The water is conveyed by a pump 8, provided with a filter, the piston of which is controlled by a

2

� The water is conveyed by a pump 8, provided with a filter, the piston of which is controlled by a cam 10 producing the phases of water suction from the container 9 and of water supply to nozzle 1.

� The sequence of the launch phases is the following: the pump 8 enters into action and the initial water jet serves only to straighten the residual small piece of weft, from nozzle 1 to thermal knife 14. This action, which has a duration time varying from 5 to 30 rotation degrees of the main shaft, depends on the yarn count and is named guide angle. The yarn flight forms a so-called flight angle, leaving clamp 4 open to permit to the pressurized water jet to insert the weft thread into the shed. The clamp opening time varies according to reed width and to loom running speed. On yarn exit from the shed, there is an electrical feeler or an infrared sensor which checks the presence of the weft end and makes the machine to stop in case of absence of the weft.

� A drying device removes the humidity absorbed by the fabric, sucking it through grooves produced in the front beam 6 of the machine. A maximum of two weft colours can be inserted (weft mixer).

Fluid Jet

View

Reed Width : 170, 190, 210,

230CM

RPM : 1200 RPM Max.

Filling Insertion Rate : 2280 M/ Minute Max.

Power : 3.5 KW, 4.6KWRPM Max.

Amount of Heald

Frame :

KW, 4.6KW

Weft Density : 5 ~ 60 pick / cm

10pcs max. for Plain Shedding type ;

16pcs max. for Dobby Shedding type

synthetic Filament

Polyster& Nylon

TaslonArtificial

silk

Glass & carbon

� Water-jet looms are less commonly used than air-jet, but they are preferred for some types of fabrics.

� They are less noisy

� Require less space than most other types

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� Require less space than most other types

� Minimal damage to warp yarns during the weaving operation.

� As there is no abrasion on warp yarns by the jets of water.

� Mostly suitable for filament yarns as the moisture absorption property is less in filament yarns.

� The power consumption for inserting the weft yarn is very less. Hence it is economical for the industries to use this Water Jet Weaving Machines in weaving the filament yarns.

� Excellent Maneuverability

� High Efficiency

� Low Drag and Shallow Draught

�Better fabric quality.

�User-friendliness, with easy,

�straightforward machine operation

�Minimal wear .

2

� Low Maintenance

� Smooth and Quiet

� Total Safety

� Maximum Engine Life

� Simplicity

� Easy installation

�Minimal wear .

�● Ease of operation.

�● High fabric quality irrespective of speed.

�● Pick density alterable while themachine is in operation.

�● Immediate help trouble-shooting problem.

�● Self-adjusting stop position of the

� They cannot produce as great a variety of fabrics (no

heavy or bulky yarns), nor can they produce as a

wide a fabric (jets have less yarn-carrying power).

� Water-jet looms are best suited only for weaving � Water-jet looms are best suited only for weaving

filament yarns made of hydrophobic fibers (water-

resistance fiber) like nylon, or polyester/cotton.

� wet fabric cannot be stored in a roll, water jet looms

are equipped with efficient drying units.

� Air and Water jet machines can weave fabric at higher speeds compared to the projectile and rapier looms.

� The high power consumption results in higher costs. � The flow of the air is also difficult to control and waste heat

produced by the compressors is sometimes wasted when it could be used for other operations in the factory. However

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produced by the compressors is sometimes wasted when it could be used for other operations in the factory. However cooling of the factories via air Conditioning

� Air and water jet looms are save the energy costs in this way.

� The rapier and projectile looms produce a lot more heat and so air Conditioning is often installed to keep temperatures down within the factory

� From the data's collected we can clearly

understand that the water Jet Weaving has its own

higher production rate and advanced technologies.

� The water Jet loom in the recent years playing a � The water Jet loom in the recent years playing a

major role in the fabric manufacturing of ( Synthetic

fabrics ) but these Weaving Machines have certain

disadvantages like selvedge problems which is not

yet that much cleared etc

Have you any Question?

Thank you