Water (Hse Studies)

7/25/2019 Water (Hse Studies)

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Water

As prepared by:Timothy Galisin

01BEHS-201005-00108EHS01


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!ntrod"#tion

Water is an essential in o"r li$e

The ri%ers& streams and seas pro%ides"s all the bene'ts

A prere("isite o$ s"stainablede%elopment m"st be to ens"re

"n#ontaminated streams& ri%ers& la)esand o#eans*

A##ess to #lean& #ons"mable +ater is a

#onstant #on#ern*


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What is a Water#o"rse,

Body o$ o+in. +ater

a ri%er& #ree) or other nat"ral +ater#o"rse /+hether modi'ed ornot in +hi#h +ater is #ontained or o+s /+hether permanently or

$rom time to time and in#l"des: /i a dam or reser%oir that #olle#ts +ater o+in. in a

+ater#o"rse and

/ii a la)e or +etland thro".h +hi#h +ater o+s and

/iii a #hannel into +hi#h the +ater o$ a +ater#o"rse has been

di%erted and /i% part o$ a +ater#o"rse and

/% an est"ary thro".h +hi#h +ater o+s*

/Water A#t 2003 /A"stralia


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4oll"tion o$ Water#o"rses

a"sed by release o$ e6"ents intori%ers& seas and any body o$ o+in.

+ater*

7ntreated e6"ents blan)ets the+ater till the +ater #an no lon.er

s"pport

eo9y.enated +aters #a"sin. deathsto +ater or.anisms*


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4oll"tion o$ Water#o"rses

ase st"dies:

esear#her ;ohn Sheail reports o$ 2 #ases o$

poll"tion by beet-s".ar and mil) ind"stries* Both ind"stries dis#har.es "ntreated e6"ents

into the ri%ers %ia se+a.e*

The e6"ents& not to9i#& b"t de#omposition#a"ses red"#tion o$ dissol%ed o9y.en and#a"ses destr"#tion o$ a("ati# e#olo.y*

Sol"tion: a se+a.e plant that treats e6"entsby "sin. do"ble 'ltration*


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Water E9tra#tion

Term "sed to de'ne "sa.e o$ +ater by the people$or domesti# "se and in some pla#es& irri.ation $or#rops*


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ont@d

!n this dry #ontinent& almost all o$ the +ater that $alls as rain is "sedby the en%ironment& so that any e9tra#t or inter#ept may ha%e ane?e#t* There are t+o #lasses o$ spe#ies that are potentiallyimpa#ted: those that li%e in the +ater /e*.* 'sh and those that need

to a##ess .ro"nd+ater* The e?e#ts #an ta)e %ario"s $orms:

ed"#ed o+ in #ree)s and ri%ers* !$ too m"#h +ater is remo%ed&o+s +ill red"#e& and may #ease earlier a$ter rain than they +o"ld+itho"t e9tra#tion* This #an e%en happen +ith bores i$ the

.ro"nd+ater "s"ally enters the ri%er as sprin.s* =ar.e dams alsotrap the 'rst +et-season oods that normally tri..er the ann"al

.ro+th #y#le in ri%ers and oodplains*

=o+ered +ater table* Some plants need to tap into .ro"nd +ater tos"r%i%e dry periods* !n the T this is the #ase $or riparian /ri%ersideand rain$orest trees& and $or some e"#alypt +oodlands +hi#h also

"se moist"re in the soil layer*


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E?e#ts o$ Water E9tra#tion

ed"#ed o+ in #ree)s and ri%ers*

=o+ered +ater table* Some plants need to tap into.ro"nd +ater to s"r%i%e dry periods*

!rri.ation Salinity saline d"e to a##"m"lated saltsthat lea#hed do+n the .ro"nd

=ar.e dams: Alter ri%er@s physi#al properties

Slo+ "pstream

Stops "pstream mi.ration o$ 'shes


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There are also some prin#iples that sho"ld be noted+hen plannin. to e9tra#t +ater $rom the en%ironment:

E9perien#e aro"nd the +orld #on'rms that dams on

main ri%er #hannels are o$ten harm$"l to theen%ironment*

>n any $arm& the "se o$ +ater that $ell as rain on that$arm& is li)ely to ha%e less impa#t than "sin. +aterthat $ell o"tside the $arm*

>?-stream stora.e o$ +et-season o+ probably hasthe least impa#t o$ any method $or +ater #apt"re*

When +ater is not +asted& there is less #han#e o$impa#t& on +ater dependant +ildli$e& o$ soil salinityand o$ poll"tion o$ +ater+ays*


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WaterD ational i%erA"thority

7 .o%ernment a.en#y la"n#hed in 1F8F*

!n April 1FF& the A +as absorbed into

En%ironment A.en#y* oles:


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WaterD ational i%erA"thority

MALAYSIA (WATER SUPPLY DEPT. UNDER MINISTRY OFENERGY, GREEN TECHNOLOGY &WATER)

Est* in 200


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EKEEES

http:IIdi#tionary*n+#*.o%*a"I+aterLdi#tionaryIitem*#$m,idMF0D#e$erM1Dse$erM0

Sheail ;*&The A.ri#"lt"ral 4oll"tion o$ Water#o"rses: The

4re#edents Set by the Beet-s".ar and


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Water (Hse Studies)

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