Water footprinting: Applications in the textile sector... Water footprinting: Applications in the...
Transcript of Water footprinting: Applications in the textile sector... Water footprinting: Applications in the...
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Water footprinting: Applications in the textile sector
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AVNIR, Lille, France, November 4, 2011
Sebastien Humbert Scientific director
Lindsay Lessard Water expert [email protected]
Julien Boucher Director FR [email protected]
Samuel Vionnet Water database expert
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“global warming” … “global drying”
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We will talk about water as a potential issue and solutions to assess it
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Companies at risk and under pressure?
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Different methods: data sources, indicators, …
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CO2 N2O
CFC CH4
Water
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Which value is correct? What are the differences?
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Chapagain and Hoekstra Humbert et al.
0.3 liters equivalent French labelling
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Blue water footprint: water evaporated
Grey water footprint
Water withdrawal : surface water
Water withdrawal : groundwater
Assessing water at the local level
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Water stress is a regional issue
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Considering indirect water use
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Indirect water footprint through electricity
production
Blue water footprint: evaporated
Green water footprint:
evapotranspirated
Grey water footprint
Indirect water footprint from raw
ingredients
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Going from inventory to risk and impacts
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Inventory of water use
[DALY / y] [PDF-m2-y / y] [MJ / y]
Water risk (stress)
assessment
Impacts (damages)
Human health Ecosystem quality Resources
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Going from inventory to risk and impacts
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Inventory of water use
[DALY / y] [PDF-m2-y / y] [MJ / y]
Water risk (stress)
assessment
Impacts (damages)
Human health Ecosystem quality Resources
Without inventory data…
You can have the perfect method… but…
You have no results to use… (aka your method is useless…)
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Direct operations, upstream &
downstream op. Comprehensive
inventory (all water categories) and
impact assessment (impact methods) 4’000+ processes Regionalized
Integrates data from companies
Sector’s specific datasets
Platform of exchange
Cross-benefits from different sectors
Consistent with other environmental indicators (carbon footprint)
Product water footprinting Company water footprinting
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Direct operations, upstream &
downstream op. Comprehensive
inventory (all water categories) and
impact assessment (impact methods) 4’000+ processes Regionalized
Integrates data from companies
Sector’s specific datasets
Platform of exchange
Cross-benefits from different sectors
consistent
with other environmental indicators (carbon footprint)
Product water footprinting Company water footprinting
Product Origin Local WSI
Green water Water consumed Water polluted Etc.
Cotton (1 kg) India 0.97 4’600 L 2’600 L (0-4’000)
57’000 L (30’000-70’000)
…
PET (1 kg) United States
0.50 1 L 90 L (6-100)
760’000 L (500’000-900’000)
… 4’000+
processes
Agrofood Materials & packaging Transport Waste Energy
…
Fertilizer & pesticides mgt
Energy source and efficiency
WWTP technology
10+ types of water, 100+ pollutants, regionalized (all countries + watersheds) Irrigation rate
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Expanding the range of applications Imagine :
You have one product with 50 ingredients and suppliers Identification of the main hot spots / questions to ask in a few hour
You want to assess your overall company’s water footprint, with 50 business units 200 sites 1’000 products 5’000 suppliers
Identification of the main hot spots / questions to ask in a few days
Comprehensive assessment of your company water footprint including your supply chain
Significant improvement in your capacity to prioritize your resources
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How much (m3) /
What?
Can it be / Potential problem?
Actual consequences?
Ecoinvent
Bayart
Chapagain Hoekstra
GaBi
Inventory (accounting)
WBCSD
Peters
Boulay Vince
Mila-I-Canals
Quantis
Quantis
Databases Methods
WFN
Human life Biotic environment Abiotic environment
Frischknecht
Midpoint (benchmarking) Ridoutt Pfister
Mila-I-Canals Mila-I-Canals
Hoekstra
Veolia Pfister
Bayart
Boulay
Human life Biotic environment Abiotic environment
Boulay
Maendly Humbert
Boesch Van Zelm
Endpoint (damage)
Pfister
Motoshita
Pfister
Pfister Verones
Motoshita
Motoshita
Verones (ground) Payet
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Handling data and regionalization
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Standard DataBase
Screening Level
DataBase
Regionalization (country averages) 4’000+ processes (or extract)
Regionalization (global averages) Used for screening level studies
(corporate data collection, reporting)
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Examples of applications
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Corporate view
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Application to textiles 1
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Factory
Cultivation
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Application to textiles 2: two scenarios: US and India
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INDIA UNITED STATES
T-shirt 1 (US): - cotton production - t-shirt manufacturing - use - end-of-life
T-shirt 2 (India): - cotton production - t-shirt manufacturing - use - end-of-life
INDIA
UNITED STATES
UNITED STATES
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Quantis SUITE 2.0 modelling overview
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Inventory per life cycle stages
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Results - multi-indicators
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Impact assessment per life cycle stages
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Results - multi-indicators (zoom)
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Impact assessment per life cycle stages
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Results - influence of regionalization
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T-shirt model 2: cotton production, manufacturing in India, distribution and use in U.S.
T-shirt model 1: cotton production, manufacturing, t-shirt distribution and use in U.S.
288 L
263 L
159 L_eq
195 L_eq
Water consumed (L) Water stress score (L_eq)
US
US
Indi
a
Indi
a
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Results - influence of regionalization (zoom)
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Cotton production
123 L
Cotton production
114 L Cotton
production 65 L_eq
Cotton production 110 L_eq
Water consumed (L) Water stress score (L_eq) End-of-life
Use
Transport/ distribution
Manufacturing
Packaging
Raw material
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Conclusions and outlook
Detailed, high quality and affordable water footprinting possible – Databases regionalized
– Methodologies Evolution following academic developments and ISO norm
– Tools able to handle water and regionalization
– Consistency (with carbon and other indicators) and transparency
Applications – E.g., French context
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Integrates data from companies
Sector’s specific datasets
Platform of exchange
Cross-benefits from different sectors
consistent
with other environmental indicators (carbon footprint)
Product water footprinting Company water footprinting
Thank you for your attention
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: life cycle assessment & water footprinting
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Water footprint methods Social LCA Databases development LUCAS
Impact assessment methodologies (human health, ecosystem quality) USEtox
Carbon footprint Environmental products labelling
Water footprint databases European impact analysis methodology (IMPACT 2002+, USEtox) Supply chain impact and risk assessment
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Current situation and next steps
Quantis water database available
Integrated in Quantis SUITE 2.0 – Connection with Enablon – Integration possible in other softwares on demand – Integration with ecoinvent
Integration with other indicators (carbon footprint)
Continuous expansion of the database – Development of specific processes on demand – Food database
Evolution following academic developments and ISO norm 30
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Food and beverage (Evian)
Bottled water from four different sites, distributed in five countries
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System boundaries (Evian)
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Water inventory (Evian)
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Water impact assessment (Evian)
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IT
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