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F a c u l t d i n g n i e u r i e b i o l o g i q u e ,a g r o n o m i q u e e t e n v i r o n e m e n t a l e

Unit dcophysiologie et

damlioration vgtale

Water dynamics in the soil-plant

environment

Groupe de contact FNRS - 02 April 2009

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Outline

Lab presentation

Theoretical background Methodology and first

experiments

Perspectives

2

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Lab presentation

Plant genetics andgenomics

Crop physiology

Biomass valorization

Structural and functionalmodeling

3

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Water movement Resistances- Apoplastic barriers

- Aquaporins- Long distance signaling

Root architecture

Theoretical background

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Theory

Water movement -1

Water potential gradient

Soil-Plant-AtmosphereContinuum (SPAC)

5

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Theory

Water movement -1

5

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Theory

Water movement - 2

Different pathways- Apoplastic

- Symplastic- Transcellular

from Steudle, 2000

6

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Theory

Water movement - 2

from Steudle, 2000

6

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Theory

Resistances

7

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Theory

Influence the radial

resistance of roots

At the endodermis and

exodermis

From Enstone et al., 2003

A o lastic barriers - 1

8

W d h l l

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Theory

Influence the radial

resistance of roots

At the endodermis and

exodermis

A o lastic barriers - 1

8

From Hachez et al., 2006

W d h l l

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Theory

A o lastic barriers - 2

From Lttge et al, 1994

9

Primary wall- Casparian band- lignin- block ions

Secondary wall- Suberin lamellae- suberin- block water

Tertiary wall- cellulose- mechanical role

W d i i h il l i

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Theory

Aquaporins

Water channel

Increase the membranewater permeability

Can be regulatedactively

Present in key tissuesFrom Hachez et al., 2002

10

W d i i h il l i

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Theory

Long distance signaling

Signal from the root to theshoot in case of water stress

Trigger the closure of thestomata

Actors:

- ABA- pH- Hydraulic signal

11

W d i i h il l i

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Theory

Architecture

Importance of the architecture during the uptake

Needs matching between root and water localization

Importance of the root type and age

12

From Ge et al., 2000

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Aims Experimental platform

Models

First experiments

Methodology

W t d i i th il l t i t

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Methodology and first experiments

Aims

Analyze the water uptake dynamics in anexplicit 3D soil-plant continuum

Analyze the quantitative contribution ofvarious features which influence the wateruptake:

-Architecture

- Apoplastic barriers- Aquaporins- Long distance signaling

14

W t d i i th il l t i t

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Methodology and first experiments

Experimental platform

Maize grown inrhizotrons

Light transmissionimaging

Observation of thewater uptakedynamics

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Water dynamics in the soil plant environment

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Methodology and first experiments

Models

PlaNet-Maize- Plant architecture- Plant growth- Transports

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Water dynamics in the soil plant environment

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Methodology and first experiments

Models

PlaNet-Maize- Plant architecture- Plant growth- Transports

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Water dynamics in the soil plant environment

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Methodology and first experiments

Models

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R-SWMS

- Water transfers- Root hydraulic architecture- Soil hydrodynamics

Water dynamics in the soil plant environment

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Methodology and first experiments

First experiments

18

0 18

Growth15

days

Drought

Water dynamics in the soil plant environment

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Methodology and first experiments

First experiments

18

0 18

Growth

shoot growth

root growth rate

15days

Water dynamics in the soil plant environment

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Methodology and first experiments

First experiments

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0 18

water uptake dynamics

root scan

leaf surface

15days

Drought

Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Methodology and first experiments

First experiments

18

0 18

water uptake dynamics

root scan

leaf surface

15days

Drought

Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Methodology and first experiments

First experiments

Localized uptake

Downward movement

Quick drying ofsubstrate

18

0 18

water uptake dynamics

root scan

leaf surface

15days

Drought

W d i i h il

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

Perspectives

Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

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Water dynamics in the soil plant environment

Perspectives and conclusions

Perspectives

Aquaporins- ZmPIP2:5

Architecture- lrt1- Excisions

Long distance signaling- Partial Root Zone Drying- ABA deficient mutants

20

Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

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Water dynamics in the soil plant environment

Perspectives and conclusions

Perspectives

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Water dynamics in the soil-plant environment

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Water dynamics in the soil plant environment

Acknowledgments

Thank you for you attention

INRAUniversit catholique de LouvainFranois Chaumont

Charles Hachez

Qing Ye

Mathieu Javaux

Valentin Couvreur

Loc Pags

Franois Tardieu

Christophe Godin

University of LancasterIan Dodd

University of NottinghamMalcom Bennett

Rosemary Dyson

Leah Band