Water and the Sustainable Development Goals€¦ · 6.4: Increase water-use efficiency across all...
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© OECD/IEA 2017 Water and the Sustainable Development Goals Molly A. Walton 28-29 May 2018 IEA Experts’ Group on R&D Priority-Setting and Evaluation
Transcript of Water and the Sustainable Development Goals€¦ · 6.4: Increase water-use efficiency across all...
© OECD/IEA 2017
Water and the Sustainable Development Goals
Molly A. Walton
28-29 May 2018
IEA Experts’ Group on R&D Priority-Setting and
Evaluation
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17 UN Sustainable Development Goals
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SustainableDevelopment
Scenario
The Sustainable Development Scenario presents an integrated approach to achieving key
energy-related SDG targets and shows that these goals are compatible
A new strategy for energy & sustainable development
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Global energy use in the water sector and water use in the energy sector, New Policies Scenario
Can we ensure sustainable development for all if we don’t understand
and properly manage the energy-water nexus?
Supply
Wastewater treatment
Desalination/re-use
Primary energy production
Power generation
2014
2040
Water sector energy consumption
50 100 150 200 250 300Mtoe
+130%
2014
2040
bcm20 40 60 80
Energy sector water consumption
+59%
The linkages are intensifying
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SDG 6: Clean water and sanitation for all
6.1: Universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all
6.2: Universal access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls
6.3: Improve water quality by reducing pollution, halve the proportion of untreated wastewater and substantially increase recycling and safe reuse globally
6.4: Increase water-use efficiency across all sectors, ensure sustainable withdrawals and supply for freshwater to address water scarcity and lower number of people suffering from water scarcity
6.5: Implement Integrated Water Resource Management at all levels
6.6: Protect and restore water-related ecosystems
6 A/B: Expand international cooperation and capacity-building support to developing countries and strengthen participation by local communities
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Providing clean water requires energy
Electricity demand in the water sector, New Policies Scenario
As freshwater availability increasingly becomes a constraint in some areas, is it possible to
provide access to clean water without incurring a significant energy penalty?
400
800
1 200
1 600
2014 2020 2030 2040
TWh
Rest of water sector
Desalination
Supply & Distribution
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The wastewater sector is a significant energy consumer
Global electricity consumption in municipal wastewater treatment
Will meeting Target 6.2 & 6.3 dramatically increase electricity demand or can developing
countries leapfrog in terms of the systems used & chart a more sustainable path?
50
100
150
200
250
BAU Implementing energyefficiency & energy recovery
2014 2040
TWh
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The energy sector requires water
Global water requirements for the energy sector, New Policies Scenario
How can the energy sector improve on how much freshwater it uses?
100
200
300
400
2014 2040
bcm
Withdrawal
20
40
60
80
2014 2040
Biofuels
Fossil fuels
Renewables
Nuclear
Gas
Coal
ConsumptionPrimary energy:
Power:
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The importance of the nexus for other SDGs
Global water use by the energy sector by scenario
Can the world meet its climate goals if it does not properly manage its water resources?
0
25
50
75
100
100
200
300
400
2014 2040
bcm
bcm
Main Scenario
2 Degree Scenario
Consumption
Withdrawals:
2040
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Areas without energy and water often overlap
Population gaining access by source
Are decentralised renewables the solution
to providing access to energy and access to clean water?
Fossil fuels39%
2017-2030
Coal16%
Gas9%
Other14%
2000-2016
Renewables30%
Coal45%
Gas19%
Other, 7%
Renewables61%
Renewables30%
Grid27%
Renewables61%
Decentralised38%
Grid23%
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Conclusions
As energy-water linkages intensify, proper management is pivotal to realising many of
the SDGs
New technology is opening up ways to manage the potential strains in the energy and
water sectors, with potential for solutions to leapfrog current systems
Progress by several countries towards energy neutrality in the wastewater sector show
that it is possible, and that the potential benefits are considerable
