Wate to Energy - UN...

Waste to Energy -

Reduction of Plastic

Waste into the Ocean

1

Higashiyodo plants, Osaka Japan （400t/d 10MW）

Hitachi Zosen Corporation

September 6, 2017

Makoto Takano

Project Manager

Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp.

Company Profile Overview

Company Name

• Hitachi Zosen CorporationCompany Name

• April 1, 1881 by E. H. Hunter from UKDate of Founding

• May 29, 1934Date of Establishment

• Osaka & Tokyo, JAPANLocation of Head office

• 32 Domestic offices & 7 works in Japan

• 43 Overseas offices & subsidiariesOffices

• 45,442million JP¥ (≒441 million USD)Capital

• 399billion JP¥(≒3.87 billion USD, FY2016)Net Sales

• 10,131 (As of March, 2017)Employee

2


■ Environmental& Industrial Plants

■ Machinery,Process Equipment

■ Infrastructure, Precise machinery and others

Waste Water Treatment

a

Biogas Systems

a

Waste Treatment Systems

Desalination Plants

3

Marine Diesel Engines

Tunneling Boring Machines Pressure Vessels

Bridges

GPS Oceanographic Monitoring System

Vacuum Equipment and Device

■ Others

Sales Structure by Product

63.7%

26.0%

7.3%

3.0%


Plastic Waste In the Ocean

4

50-60% of plastic waste entering the ocean comes from China, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnamand Philippine.

Approximately 3% of plastic waste (8 million ton per year)goes into the Ocean


44%

17%

16%

9%

8%

6%

Disposal Options (%)

Landfill

Waste Incineration

Open Dump

Others

Source: WHAT A WASTE A Global Review of Solid Waste Management, March 2012, No. 15

Municipal Solid Waste Disposal of Worldwide

Compost

Recycling

5

http://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=dirty landfill&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=fMJTbCAyAn8M4M&tbnid=MBvbEGIdSMzA2M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.kidsforearthasia.com/?cat=7&ei=odu3UZPBHcKLkAWSm4DAAw&psig=AFQjCNEjiwHMEjaIv1zT9X8FrIje435JOw&ust=1371090142649833

http://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=dirty landfill&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=fMJTbCAyAn8M4M&tbnid=MBvbEGIdSMzA2M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.kidsforearthasia.com/?cat=7&ei=odu3UZPBHcKLkAWSm4DAAw&psig=AFQjCNEjiwHMEjaIv1zT9X8FrIje435JOw&ust=1371090142649833


79%

19%

2%

Disposal Options (%)

Recycling

Municipal Solid Waste Disposal of Japan

Direct LandfillRecycling

Source: Waste Management and Recycling Department, Ministry of Environment

33,900,000t/y

825,000t/y

590t/y

6

Waste Incineration

In 1930 Japanese government established a law in which incinerator installation is mandatory in every municipality.


Flow of MSW in 23 Cities of Tokyo

7

Combustible waste

Incombustible waste

Large-sized waste

Transfer

Collect resources

Collection /Transport of

waste（23 cities）

Ash-MeltingFacilities

Pulverized Waste

Processing Center

Final disposalIntermediate processing of waste

（Clean Association of TOKYO 23）

Processing and re-production for recycling by private businesses

incombustibles

Transferlarge-sized

waste

21 WtE plants

within 23 Cities

2 Incombustible

Waste Processing

Center

Pulverization

Processing

Plant for

Large-sized

Waste

Used of incineration ash for construction & others by processing into slag

Recovery of Steel and

aluminum for sale

(Tokyo Metropolitan Government)

Ou

ter Cen

tral Breakw

ater Land

fill Disp

osal

Site or N

ew Sea Su

rface Disp

osal Site

Efficient use of heat energy Power generation: in-house use/sale of surplus power Heat supply to in-door swimming pool and others

Resources

Proper collection and Source segregation is basis of waste management


Plastic Recycle in Japan

8

1. PET Bottles

2. Plastic containers and packing

3. Plastic Products(involved in Combustible Waste)

Producer’s Responsibility in the “Containers and Packaging Recycling law”


Waste Management Hierarchy

9

Energy Recovery by incineration, anaerobic digestion, or similar processes

Island countries like Japan have less disposal area for landfill site or dump site.

3RReduceReuseRecycle


Waste Management Europe 2012

10

Recycling has a limit


l The Maldives, the chain of twenty six atolls, is a sovereign island country and archipelago in the Indian Ocean.

l Malé is the capital and most populous city in the country with a population of 153,000 and an area of 5.8 km2, it is also one of the most densely populated cities in the world.

The Maldives

11


Solid Waste Management in Maldives

12

1. Waste collection

3. Recyclable material transportation

2. Waste segregation & Recycle


Solid Waste Management in Maldives

13

4. Waste transportation to Thilafushi island

5. Thilafushi island

Open incineration without flue gas treatment system makes toxic gas fume.

Contamination by floating waste at surrounding lagoons

Approximately 500t/d of waste is transfer to Thilafushi island from Male and four resorts islands.

Copyright Hitachi Zosen Corp. 14

Solid waste is collected, recycled and the rest is transported to Thilafushi island.

Current Waste Management in Maldives

Material Recycle


Waste Management Option in Maldives

Waste to Energy

Incombustible & Construction Debris

Ash

Sanitary Landfill Site

Material Recycle


Waste to EnergyA proven and reliable technology that recovers energy from waste by incineration.A hygienic method of treating waste and reduces its volume by about 90%.300-800kWh electricity can be recovered from 1 ton of waste.

Electric power and/or

Steam / hot water

Ash: 10% of original volume

Municipal Solid Waste

Sanitary Landfill Site

WtE plant

What is WtE?

16

Ex. 1ton of Waste

→

Power: 300- 800 kWh

http://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=%E6%9C%80%E7%B5%82%E5%87%A6%E5%88%86%E5%A0%B4&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rvE6HpBZcgR3sM&tbnid=9uTiJCMpTCR6zM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.pref.tochigi.lg.jp/bato/keikaku/batou/sekkei_asesu_kettei.html&ei=Rd-vUeb5M86ukgW-2YDACA&psig=AFQjCNFXXiJsC1gPtcTHoYrgspCyeHAOOg&ust=1370566442284741

http://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=%E6%9C%80%E7%B5%82%E5%87%A6%E5%88%86%E5%A0%B4&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rvE6HpBZcgR3sM&tbnid=9uTiJCMpTCR6zM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.pref.tochigi.lg.jp/bato/keikaku/batou/sekkei_asesu_kettei.html&ei=Rd-vUeb5M86ukgW-2YDACA&psig=AFQjCNFXXiJsC1gPtcTHoYrgspCyeHAOOg&ust=1370566442284741


Process of Osaka Higashiyodo WtE Plant

1 Tipping hall

2 Waste pit

3 Waste crane

4 Feed hopper

5 Reciprocating incineration grate

6 Bottom ash discharger

7 Bottom ash pit

8 Bottom ash crane

9 3-pass steam generator

10 Economizer

11 Fabric filter

12 Wet scrubber

13 Gas reheater

14 SCR

15 IDF

16 Stack

17 Combustion air preheater

18 Turbine Generator

19 Air cooled steam condenser

20 Condensate tank

21 Available waste heat facility

22 Residue screening system

23 Fly ash treatment system

24 Waste water treatment system

Capacity: 200t/d x 2 units

Steam Condition: 4MPa x 400℃

Power Generation Capacity: 10,000kW

Generating Efficiency: 20.4%

RefuseAsh/ResidueFlue gasCombustion airSteamCondensateWaste water

4

3

7

2

1

24

8

9

1011

12

1314

15

16

17

18

19

20

22

21

23

6

5


Waste

Drying Grate

Combustion Grate

Burnout Grate

Combustion Gas

Ash

Ram Feeder

Stoker Type Combustion System

18


Semi-Dry typeBag Filter

Dust HCl, HF, SOx, etc

NOx Dioxin Remarks

Bag Filter Dry type, Semi-dry type

Wet Type Scrubber Wet type

Non-Catalytic De-NOx Device SNCR

Catalytic De-NOx Device SCR

Equipment for Flue Gas Treatment

Flue Gas Treatment

19


Dioxin Emission from WtE Plant in Japan

20

Dioxin Emissions from Waste Incinerators in Japan

1997:Guidelines for Prevention of dioxin and related to waste disposal

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

年度

総排

出量

[g-

TEQ

/年

]

小型焼却炉

産廃焼却施設

一廃焼却施設

191(2.6%)

206(2.8%)

225(3.0%)

226(3.0%) 135(1.8%)

7,432(100%)

3,582(48.2%)

2,728(36.7%)

2,187(29.4%)

1,745(23.5%)

760(10.2%)

232(3.1%)

（　　）内の数値は，1997年度の総排出量を100％としたときの割合

Dio

xin

Em

issi

on

s (g

/yea

r)

Year

Small Incinerator

Industrial Waste Incinerator

Municipal Waste Incinerator

Source: Ministry of Environment web site

97%Reduction


Plastic as alternative fuel in WtE plant

21

Oil Fired Power Plant

Plastic Products

Waste to Energy Plant

Material Cascade Usage


Europe

213Asia

587

Oceania

3

North America

79

886

Reference projects for Waste Thermal Treatment

SouthAmerica

1

Africa

3

22

As of March 2017


Negative Effects of Open dumping

Threatening our sanitary and healthy life.

23

･ Toxic gas from open incineration･ Methane gas -> Global warming

Waste to Energy is becoming mainstream


l Our first WtE facility in India

l Hitachi Zosen India (HZIND) as a consortium leader

l LoCal standard model plant (Low cost, Localization, Standardization)

l HZIND supplied “chute to stack” technology and equipment

Client: Jabalpur MSW Private Limited

Start-up: 2016

TechnologyFurnace: Grate furnace (air-cooled)Energy recovery: 4-pass boiler, turbineFlue gas treatment: Bag filter

Technical DataFuel: MSWWaste Capacity:600t/d (600t/d x 1)Net calorific value: 6.9 MJ/kgThermal capacity: 48 MWGenerator capacity: 11.5 MW

Jabalpur, India

24


Waste Industry Drivers

25

• Global Policies

• Directives by Country

Legal Frameworks Resources Waste Problem

• Natural Resources Shortage

• Raw Materials Retrieving

• Growing Landfill

• Increasing Emissions

• Plastic Waste in the Ocean


Waste Management: downstream of resource life?

26

Consuming

ProductDisposal

RessourceRecovery

Landfill

Raw Materials

Energy

Distribution

WtE saves up to 2 ton CO2 per

treated ton of waste.

WtE eliminates Methane emissions

from Landfill.WtE offsets CO2

from power production.

Manu-facturing


Reduction of Plastic Waste into the Ocean

27

l Proper Waste Collection is basis of Waste Management

l Avoid Open Dumping

l Combination of Recycle and Waste to Energy is better solution

l Advanced Resources and Energy Cycle can reduce Waste itself

WtE can reduce Plastic Waste into the OceanJapan can contribute more and more in Waste Management field

Thank you for your attention.

Waste has been our energy

Waste is our energy

Waste continue to be our energy as long as human being exists

http://www.hitachizosen.co.jp/english28

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