Wastewater Impact

EE304 ENVIRONMENT ENGINEERING & ABATEMENT PROCESS

EP317 ENVIRONMENT ENGINEERING AND ABATEMENT PROCESS

EG202 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Content

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EE304 ENVIRONMENT ENGINEERING & ABATEMENT PROCESS EP317 ENVIRONMENT ENGINEERING AND ABATEMENT PROCESS EG202 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

WATER POLLUTION & WASTEWATER

0 Water quality parameter

0 Sources and classification of pollutants

0 Water quality control policy

0 Impact of pollutant to environment and

human

0 Waste water treatment technologies

Water Pollution in Malaysia

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Water Pollution

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Water Pollution

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"Water pollution" is defined as the addition of harmful or

objectionable material causing an alteration of water quality.

Water Pollution

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Mankind introduce pollutants to the environment.

socio-economic activities

Then the Earths waters cycle, carry and spread the pollutants all around the planet.

Water Pollution

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1) Point Sources

Domestic sewage & Industrial wastewater

Point source pollution can be reduced or eliminated

through waste minimization or proper wastewater

treatment prior discharge

2) Non-point Sources (multiple discharge points)

Urban and agricultural runoff

Recall

Water Pollution

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Undesired Characteristics

1) Oxygen-demanding material (human waste & food

residue). Consume dissolved O2, depletion of DO.

2) Nutrients (nitrogen & phosphorus)enhance algae

growth (phosphorous-based detergent, fertilizer, food-

processing wastes). Eutrophication.

3) Suspended solids (organic and inorganic particles).

Turbidity increase, light penetration decrease. Organic

particles exert an O2 demand.

Water Pollution

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Undesired Characteristics

4) Pathogenic organisms (bacteria, viruses and Protozoa

excreted by diseased persons or animals).

5) Toxic metals and toxic organic compounds

Agricultural pesticides and herbicides

Urban zinc (tire wear)

Industries toxic metal or toxic organic substances

Water Pollution

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Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in the

bodies of water; and, in almost all cases the effect is damaging

either to individual species and also to the biological

communities.

Impacts of Water Pollution

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Water pollution is a major problem in the global context.

It has been suggested that it is the leading worldwide cause of

deaths and diseases, and that it accounts for the deaths of more

than 14,000 people daily.

An estimated 700 million Indians have no access to a proper

toilet, and 1,000 Indian children die of diarrhea sickness every

day.

Some 90% of China's cities suffer from some degree of water

pollution, and nearly 500 million people lack access to safe

drinking water.


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Use of wastewater and polluted surface and groundwater

which contaminate crops and transmit disease to consumers

and farm workers.

Depositions of deleterious chemicals in soil leading to loss of

soil fertility.

(a) Agriculture


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Pungent smell; discolourisation; Contamination; Change in

pH; Decreased oxygen;

Detergents create a mass of white foam in the rivers;

Enrichment of groundwater with salts, nutrients from

irrigated lands; eutrophication/algal;

Algae clogs our waterways

(b) Environment/ Ecosystem


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Eutrophication: Nutrients in wastewater (nitrogen & phosphorus are essential for growth) when discharged to aquatic systems may cause unwanted algal and plant growth.


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Fishing boats sit near the banks of Chaohu lake in China's Anhui province on June 4 2008 where a pollution-linked algae bloom has appeared


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Toxic substances such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and

chromium or cyanide, which may affect the use of the

receiving water for domestic use or for aquatic life.

(c) Domestic Effects

Boiler scales; Heavy metals cause unpleasant taste and odour

to drinking water; Suspended particles cause unpleasant taste

& discoloration to drinking water.

(d) Effects on Industry


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Unsightly color, reduced clarity, and obnoxious odor of the

receiving waters also make it unfit for recreation.

Adverse effects of water pollution lead to economic losses

in terms of reduced health, reduced agricultural productivity,

and low-quality tourism.

There is also economic losses to family income due to the

desire for safe bottled water which is more expensive than

unbottled water.

(e) Economy


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When water is polluted, fish and other aquatic resources can

perish, which leads to a decline in fisheries production.

Erosion from degraded uplands and pollution from silt and

sedimentation, as well as untreated sewerage, cause

productivity losses in fisheries.

Silt and sedimentation are major causes for losses in fishery

production.

(e) Economy


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Increased incidence of tumours, ulcers due to nitrate

pollution;

Increased incidence of skin disorders due to contact with

pollutants;

Increased incidence of constipation, diarrhea, and infections

to intestine;

Dangerous effects on growing foetus in pregnant women;

(f) Human and Animal Health


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Concentration of pollutants due to bioaccumulative pesticides

through secondary and tertiary food chains in case of non-

vegeterians;

Large scale death of aquatic and terrestrial animals;

Reduced reproduction rate in animals;

Increased disease incidences; Imbalances created in

secondary foodchains.

(f) Human and Animal Health

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Wastewater Impact

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